Animation

•Multimedia technology has significant contribution in our everyday lives.

•When speaking about multimedia technology, we cannot avoid talking about animation.

•Animation comes from the Latin word which means 'turned on'.

•DBP defines animation as an act or process of making something that looks alive.

Introduction

•animation is the process of moving on or give to something that is static so it looks alive.

•Animation is the display sequence of sketches, each is slightly different to produce a continuous movement (Simon, 1995).

•Animation technology widely used in advertising, archeology, architecture, chemistry, education, engineering, film and entertainment, medical and flight simulation.

Introduction (Cont.)

•Animation is caused by a biological phenomenon known as 'Persistence of vision'.

•An object that is seen by the human eye to be mapped onto the retina in a certain period of time after it was observed.

•This allows the phenomenon, a series of images in succession over a period of rapid and short time seemed an illusion of life and move on its own.

•In other words, if we change the position or design of an object in a fast, our eyes will assume the change as a movement or animation.

Introduction (Cont.)

•There are two types of animation techniques:1. Traditional animation.2. Computer animation.

Animation Techniques

•This animation technique requires at least 20 frames for a second.

•Painted frames are manually hands drawn by the animator.

•There are several techniques used to assist in the production process of traditional animation, namely:•Key frames•Cell animation•Page flipping•Onion skinning

Traditional Animation

1.0 Key Frames•traditionally done by more than one artist. •the key frames or the frame of reference is

required to distribute the workload to some animation artist.

•Key frames or frame of reference to be completed by the main graphic artist for animation production process.

•This key frame will be the key or main reference by other animator’s artist to draw subsequent frames in-between that main frame.

Traditional Animation (Cont.)

2.0 Cell animation•This technique is used to save time and

expedite the production of animation. •each character or object to be moved will be

drawn on sheets of transparent. •Image for the background is drawn on

another sheet of relatively opaque. •When the animation is to be made, the

various characters or objects will be drawn on sheets of transparent stack at the top of the sheet that contains pictures above background.

Traditional Animation (Cont.)

•This method facilitates artist animator without having to draw the background repeatedly.

•On the other hand, only need to draw certain parts of the character to be moved only.

Traditional Animation (Cont.)

3.0 Page Flipping•One technique that presents the image

sequence by switching to the desired position.

•The screen presents an image seems to move in sequence.

•It is the most traditional and well known techniques commonly used in the performance of cell animation in film of yore.

Traditional Animation (Cont.)

4.0 Onion Skinning•Used in the process of building an

animation. •It allows a person to see the previous cell’s

outline for facilitating them in drawing or produce image changes in the next cell.

Traditional Animation (Cont.)

•The animation techniques which are developed and produced by using computer technology.

•This animation technique consist of simple animation 2D and continue with 3D animation.

•Here are the terms used in computer animation:•Tweening•Frame-by-frame

Computer Animation

1.0 Tweening•Is the process of forming objects between

frames or frame animation to show that the movement was formed.

•Tweening also means an animator just need to build the first cell and last cell of an animation.

•While the animation software will make calculations or predictions to determine what will happen between the first frame to the last frame.

Computer Animation (Cont.)

2.0 Frame-by-frame•Frame-by-frame means that an animator

need to put the key frames in each frame. •The movement animations are drawn in

each frame to produce a more dynamic movement.

Computer Animation (Cont.)

•animation can be categorized into two, namely two-dimensional animation (2D) and three-dimensional (3D).

•2D animation is also known as linear animation.

•It refers to a simple moving object across the screen of a monitor.

•3D animation refers to 3D animated objects that usually are formed through modeling or mathematical formulas.

•All objects can be displayed from various perspectives, giving the illusion as if it were the real objects of dimensions.

Computer Animation Categories

Difference between 2D and 3D Animation

2D Animation 3D Animation

Two dimension (x and y)

Three dimension (x,y and z)

It is flat It has depth

Can be illustrated by drawing rectangle (2D figure)

Can be illustrated by drawing cube (3D figure)

Techniques involved tweening, frame-by-frame, onion skinning and morphing

Involved digital modeling of characters

2D Animation

3D Animation

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