Autumn fmmunoloov :Y-Conference 2OlO

17. Inflammaory Processes II

179Icelandic ash from the Eyjafjallajokull volcano alterseJveolar macrophage phenotypeLmda S. Powers, Gunnar Gudmundsson, Anna Reisetter, JonasBairusaitis. Vicki Grassian, Martha M. MonickL-nnersin qf lowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City,L'ntred States

Erposure to particulates,including cigarette smoke andenrirwmsntal polhrtants, alters macrophage function. Toet-alure particulates from the recent volcanic eruption at theEllafallajokull volcano in Iceland, ash was collected from threedifferent sites proximal to the volcano. Elemental analysisshos'ed metal aggregates within the ash particles and a decreasein Cr and Ni amounts with increasing distance from the source.I-n ash exposed macrophages, electron microscopy showedphagocytosis and sequestration ofash within vesicles. Endolyticvesicles containing ash particulate matter were douBle walled,consistent with autophagosomes. LC3-II protein levels, a markerof autophagosomes, were increased. All three particles increasedphosphorylation of eIF2a, a stress marker that signals loweredprotein translation rates. In conclusion, alveolar macrophagesresponded to ash exposure by phagocytosing small particles anddelivering them to autophagosomes, contributing to alteredsignaling cascades. This work suggests that inhalation ofvolcanic particulate matter may alter the ability of alveolarmacrophages to maintain a pathogen free lung. Funding source:NIH R01HL079901, NIH R01HL07743 I and NCRR 3 ULIRR024979 ,r

r80The Role of Pro-inflammatory Cltokines and the VascularEndothelial Growth Factor and its Receptors in influencingLJmphangiogenesis in Filarial and Cancer Subjects -Magapu Solomon Sudhakar', Sruthi Chandran', Divya OppathSivasankaranl, Subash Babu Subbaraman 2, K. Alaalasundrum3' Raj alalrshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, Department ofB iotechnology, CHENNAI, India, " SAlC-Frederick Inc., ClinicalMonitoring Res earch Program, Chennai, India, 3 GovernmentGeneral Hospital, Plastic Surgery Depdrtment, Chennai, India

Filarial parasites affect the lives ofmillions ofpeople, especiallythose living in tropical countries. Cytokines can enhanceimmunogenicity and promote tumor regression. Likewise, therole ofthe lymphatic system in lynrphatic diseases has receivedrenewed interest due to the discovery of lynrphatic markers suchas VEGF-C, VEGF-D and their receptor VEGFR-3. VEGFsinfluence lymphangiogeneisis and promote tumor regression. Ourpreliminary results show that the level of expression of ILI is thesame in both filarial and cancer patients. TNFa levels remainedlow in both within and among filarial and cancer populations. IL-6levels were high in cancer patients compared to its level infilarial patients. In addition, we found VEGF-D has a higherlevel ofexpression in cancer subjects than in filarial cases.VEGFR-I showed lower expression in filarial patients whileVEGFR-2 expression levels remained the same among filarialand cancer patients.

... til"t'";;tffJ#?il,:l}1:181T cell tralficking along a highly organized mucosal dendritic cellnetworkCassie Xul, Yuelei Shenr, Dan R Littman3, Michael L Dustin3, PeterYelazquezt2t tUstti-SA, Micro/Immuno, South Bend, (Jnited States,2Notre Dame,Bio Sci, Notre Dame, [.]nited States,'NYU-SoM, Skirball Inst., NY,United States

The gut associated lymphoid tissue maintains homeostasis with !

enteric flora while remaining primed to mount a protective responseagainst pathogens. Many studies have utilized intravital microscopicapproaches to describe regulation of immunity in secondarylymphoid organs. Fewer have examined immune regulation ateffector sites. Here, we develop surgical approaches to applyintravital microscopy to the intestinal mucosa. Using animals with atargeted replacement of a single allele of cx3crl with egfu, we reporta highly ordeied mucosal dendritic cell network which colocalizeswith non-hematopoietic elements. DCs within the network activelyprobe the surrounding microenvironment while DC trafficking is notseen during homeostasis. Effector and regulatory Tcell populationsactively migrate through tissue, albeit with distinct behavior.Together, this study highlights the extent and dynamic nature ofthemucosal pC network and suggests the presence of a mucosal*highway" which facilitates interaction between DCs and, effectorand regulatory T cells. Current studies are aimed at identiffing thecontribution of mucosal DCs and non-hematopoietic cells tohomeostatic T cell traffickine.

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