sbz 2–6 larger foraminiferal assemblages from the apulian ... · sbz 2–6 larger foraminiferal...

Atti Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Trieste Suppl. al 53 2008 131-146 novembre 2008 ISSN: 0335–1576

SBZ 2–6 LARGER FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES FROM THE APULIAN AND PRE–APULIAN DOMAINS

(1)PIGNATTI JOHANNES, (1)(2)DI CARLO MASSIMO, (1)(3)BENEDETTI ANDREA, (3)BOTTINO CECILIA, (4)BRIGUGLIO ANTONINO, (5)

FALCONI MANUELA, (1)MATTEUCCI RUGGERO, (2)PERUGINI GIANLUCA, (3)RAGUSA MICHELA

(1)Department of Earth Sciences, “Sapienza” University, Piazzale A. Moro, 5, 00185 Roma (Italy).E–mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

(2)Doctorate in Earth Sciences. E–mail: [email protected]; [email protected](3)Doctorate in Paleontology. E–mail: [email protected]; [email protected];

[email protected](4)Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, A–1010 Wien (Austria).

E–mail: [email protected](5)Via Monte del Soldato 4, 00010 Fonte Nuova (RM, Italy). E–Mail: [email protected]

Abstract – We present a synthesis on ongoing research on Paleocene–Eocene (SBZ 2–6) larger foraminiferal assemblages from Central–Southern Italy and the Ionian Islands, in order to point out the biostratigraphic potential of additional markers (e.g., smaller keramospherinids and Daviesina), the need to re–examine the ranges of selected taxa, and the necessity of detailed sampling of selected sections from various depositional settings and paleogeographic units. Also, we present an as yet unpublished SBZ 4 assemblage from the northern Maiella Mt., in which loose specimens of larger foraminifera occur. Biometrical data for some taxa are given; about 40, several as yet unrecorded taxa, are illustrated. Key words – larger foraminifera, biostratigraphy, Paleocene–Eocene, Apulian Platform, Pre–Apulian Platform, Italy, Greece.

Riassunto – (Associazioni a macroforaminiferi SBZ 2–6 dell’Italia centro-meridionale e delle Isole Ioniche) – Viene proposta una sintesi delle ricerche tuttora in corso sulle associazioni a macroforaminiferi SBZ 2–6 dell’Italia centro-meridionale e delle Isole Ioniche, allo scopo di evidenziare il potenziale biostratigrafico di taxa accessori (piccoli keramospherinidi e Daviesina), la necessità di riesaminare gli intervalli stratigrafici di taxa selezionati e la necessità di campionamenti dettagliati di sezioni da differenti ambienti deposizionali e unità paleobiogeografiche. Viene inoltre presentata un’inedita associazione attribuita ad SBZ 4 proveniente dalla Maiella. Allo scopo di incrementare le informazioni relative al potenziale biostratigrafico di taxa accessori vengono forniti alcuni dati biometrici; sono illustrati circa 40 taxa, alcuni dei quali non ancora descritti.Parole chiave – macroforaminiferi, biostratigrafia, Paleocene–Eocene, Piattaforma Apula, Piattaforma Pre–Apula, Italia, Grecia.

1. – Introduction

After nearly a decade, the SBZ biochronozones proposed by SERRA–KIEL et al. (1998) are routinely employed in studies on Paleocene–Eocene larger foraminiferal assemblages. This zonation has been employed in more than 120 articles published between 1999 and 2006. The aim of the present contribution is to provide a synthesis on ongoing research on SBZ 2–6 larger foraminiferal assemblages from various outcrops from Central and Southern Italy and the Ionian Islands (Greece), in order to point out the biostratigraphic potential of additional larger foraminiferal markers, the need to re–examine the ranges of selected taxa, and the necessity of detailed sampling of sections from various depositional settings and paleogeographic

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units. The present report on work in progress aims especially to illustrate about 40 taxa, some of which are in open nomenclature, in order to allow comparison with other assemblages. The occurrence of a large number of species and several as yet unrecorded taxa, some of which may represent new species and genera, testifies to the ecological diversity of larger foraminiferal assemblages from the Apulian and Pre–Apulian domains, although this could merely reflect greater sampling intensity than elsewhere.

The location of the investigated outcrops (Fig. 1) is summarized as follows.

a) Latium–Campania platformGrotte di Santa Filippa – The

investigated section crops out 3 km

NW of Fiamignano, ca. 25 km SE of Rieti. This Selandian to Thanetian succession developed on a drowned step, the Santa Filippa unit (CAPOTORTI, MARIOTTI, 1992), along the NW margin of the Latium–Abruzzi carbonate platform, at the boundary with the Sabine basin. Conglomerates rich in reefal clasts prevail in the lower part of the succession and resediments and hemipelagic marly limestones in its upper part.

Costa Arrenti – The investigated section crops out 8 km NNE of Avezzano, ca. 1.5 km ENE of the village of Castelnuovo, at the base of the southern flank of Costa Arrenti. The SBZ2 coral–algal limestone is strongly tectonized at its base; a thick Ypresian–Lutetian succession follows upsection.

b) Apulian platform

Fig. 1 – Location of investigated samples and sections.Fig. 1 – Localizzazione dei campioni e delle sezioni

stratigrafiche analizzate.

Fig. 2 – Biometric data for “Plumokathina” from NW Maiella (Monte Focalone).Fig. 2 – Dati biometrici degli esemplari di “Plu-mokathina” provenienti dalla Maiella nord–occi-dentale (Monte Focalone).

PIGNATTI JOHANNES, DI CARLO MASSIMO, BENEDETTI ANDREA, BOTTINO CECILIA, BRIGUGLIO ANTONINO, FALCONI MANUELA, MATTEUCCI RUGGERO, PERUGINI GIANLUCA, RAGUSA MICHELA

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NW Maiella (Monte Focalone) – The sample originates from a slope succession of the Santo Spirito For-mation (VECSEI, 1991: Monte Fo-calone South Profile (Anhang 3–15), of Supersequence SS3 m 28) where thick resediments and conglomerate of Maastrichtian–Ypresian alternate with hemipelagic layers. It consists of a microconglomerate in which the clasts are mainly SBZ 3 depos-its and in the matrix SBZ 4 unce-mented larger foraminifera occur, an unusual circumstance in the Apulian domain.

SE Maiella (Taranta Valley) – In contrast to the previous sample, the outcropping succession of Superse-quence SS3 located at N42°02’29” E14°08’16.5” consist of more proxi-mal deposits, although frequently re-sedimented; the larger foraminiferal assemblages testify to the occurrence of SBZ 2, 3, and ?4.

Gargano (Mattinata) – Coarse megabreccia deposits intercalated

with hemipelagites (Megabreccia del Grottone Formation) crop out along the Strada Garganica Vecchia. Samples were taken at km 149.63 near Bivio La Cavola and be-tween km 151.8 and 152.5. Shallow–water limestone clasts rich in algae (Polystrata alba (Pfender, 1936) Denizot, 1968, Archaeolithothamnium and dasyclads) and cor-als, yielding SBZ 2 and SBZ 3 assemblages, show in places evidence of subaerial exposure (Microcodium) prior to exhumation and reworking.

c) Pre–Apulian platformW Cephalonia – Massively bedded skeletal limestone, consisting in packstone

and grainstone with SBZ 5–6 larger foraminifera, cropping out near the village of Havdata, in the western part of Lixouri peninsula (ACCORDI et al. 1999: Fig. 11, E Havdata, wp44).

S Zakynthos – Outcrop along the Macherado/Romiri–Agalas road, located at N 37°44.603’ E 20°47.795’ near the village of Kiliomeno, consisting of a heterometric conglomerate of uncertain age (Oligocene–Miocene?), disconformably overlying well–bedded Paleocene pelagic limestone. Most of the clasts, up to 0.4 m in diameter, are shallow–water limestone rich in larger foraminifera, ranging in age from the Maastrichtian to the Lutetian; some Lower Ypresian pelagic limestone clasts also occur. These clasts testify to the existence of deposits which have been

Fig. 3 – Subaxial sections of an undescribed ?nubecu-lariid with alveolate wall from SBZ 5–6 of western Cephalonia (ACCORDI et al., 1999). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.Fig. 3 – Sezioni subassiali di foraminifero porcellana-ceo a parete alveolata (nubeculariide?) non riferibile ad alcun taxon formalmente descritto, proveniente da SBZ 5–6 di Cefalonia occidentale (ACCORDI et al., 1999). Barra = 0.5 mm.

SBZ 2–6 LARGER FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES FROM THE APULIAN, etc.

134 PIGNATTI JOHANNES, DI CARLO MASSIMO, BENEDETTI ANDREA, BOTTINO CECILIA, BRIGUGLIO ANTONINO, FALCONI MANUELA, MATTEUCCI RUGGERO, PERUGINI GIANLUCA, RAGUSA MICHELA

Fig. 4 – Summary of outcrops and ranges of selected taxa. White dots indicate doubtful attribution.Fig. 4 – Distribuzione stratigrafica riassuntiva dei principali taxa rinvenuti. Il circoletto bianco indica le distribuzioni dubbie.

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largely eroded elsewhere on the island. Clasts yielding SBZ 3 assemblages largely prevail; no Ypresian larger foraminiferal limestone clasts were found.

2. – Discussion

SBZ 2 (Selandian pp.) – Haymanella paleocenica Sirel, 1998, ?Dictyoconus cf. turriculus Hottinger & Drobne, 1980, Sistanites iranicus Rahaghi, 1983, various small–sized species of Miscellanea, and Stomatorbina binkhorsti (Reuss, 1862) are taxa which occur in this chronobiozone, characterized by the occurrence of Globoflarina sphaeroidea (Fleury, 1982) without Glomalveolina primaeva (Reichel, 1936). Biometrical data on Globoflarina sphaeroidea (Pl. 3, Figs. 1–3; Pl. 4, Figs. 7, 8; Pl. 5, Figs. 10–12) the most useful marker for this chronobiozone, may help in distinguishing SBZ 2 from SBZ 3 assemblages yielding this taxon, which is also a potential candidate marker for characterizing, as yet informally, the lower part of SBZ 3. The protoconch diameter of G. sphaeroidea from SBZ 2 ranges from 75 to 130 μm in 14 centered equatorial sections from Gargano, Maiella, and Cephalonia; in specimens (n=4) referred to SBZ 3 the diameter ranges from 140–175 μm. A Keramosphaerinopsis–like taxon has been found at Costa Arrenti near Avezzano, thus extending towards the south–west the range of this as yet understudied group (TENTOR, VENTURINI, 2005; CHERCHI, SCHROEDER, 2005). An as yet undescribed flabelliform porcelaneous taxon (Pl. 5, Fig. 9) with multiple apertures, occurs in the Gargano and possibly also in Eastern Sardinia (I. Dieni, pers. comm., 2006).

SBZ 3 (late Selandian–middle Thanetian) – Glomalveolina primaeva (Reichel, 1936) (Pl. 5, fig. 5; Pl. 7, Figs. 7b, 8a–b) is the most conspicuous marker of this chronobiozone, characterized by various species of Miscellanea, Fallotella alavensis Mangin, 1954 and Vania anatolica Sirel & Gündüz, 1985. Nummulitids are generally rare, represented by Assilina sp., “Operculina” heberti Munier–Chalmas, 1884 and Ranikothalia. From the northern Maiella Mt. (NW flank of Monte Focalone) a thick–walled ?Daviesina (Pl. 2, Fig. 4), of probable SBZ 3 age, is another as yet undescribed taxon. Moreover, among forms tentatively assigned to the Rotaliidae, there are both megalospheric and microspheric forms of a strongly biconvex, low trochospiral species with extremely thick lamellar wall (Pl. 2, Figs. 5, 6). A different, large–sized Daviesina–like form occurs in the Grotte di S. Filippa outcrop near Fiamignano. An unusual record is represented by a microspheric specimen of Idalina sinjarica Grimsdale, 1952, from the Southern Maiella Mt. (Taranta Valley), in which structures interpreted as embryos are preserved in the last chambers (Pl. 3, Fig. 5); also, the occurrence of a single specimen of Idalina causae Sirel, 1998 is noteworthy. SBZ 3 assemblages rich in conical agglutinating taxa were found in S Zakynthos. In the Southern Gargano, a single specimen of a Keramosphaerinopsis–like taxon has been found; although the sample from which this sample originates is devoid of typical SBZ 3 markers, the occurrence of orthophragminas suggests that it


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cannot belong to SBZ 2. Rhabdorites sp. occurs in S Zakynthos, along with several cosmopolitan taxa (Pl. 7).

SBZ 4 (late Thanetian) – This chronobiozone is rarely documented in the Apulian and Pre–Apulian domains. An as yet unpublished SBZ 4 assemblage from the northern Maiella Mt. (NW flank of Monte Focalone), yielding Assilina azilensis (Tambareau, 1966), Glomalveolina levis (Hottinger, 1960) and Daviesina cf. garumnensis Tambareau, 1972, differs from the rest of the samples presented here, because uncemented SBZ 4 larger foraminifera occur in a breccia, containing mainly SBZ 3 limestone clasts. Among the taxa referred to SBZ4, the following are noteworthy: a) abundant “plumokathinas” (this term is employed informally, following PEYBERNèS et al., 2000), with megalospheric and microspheric specimens (see Fig. 2 for biometrical details); b) besides Discocyclina seunesi Douvillé, 1922 (D1=237–265 μm, mean 256 μm) and Orbitoclypeus ramaraoi (Samanta, 1967) (D1=166–271 μm), another orbitoclypeid is present (P1=210 μm, P2=179 μm, D1=229 μm, D2=322μm, a=–105, b=132, E=0.82), possibly suggesting an affinity with Asterocyclina, whose recorded first occurrence is much later (SBZ 7) (SERRA–KIEL et al., 1998); c) a fabulariid (Periloculina sp.), as yet represented by a single fragmentary specimen. Biometrical data for the “plumokathinas” are given, in order to enhance the biostratigraphic potential of this lineage (Fig. 2). In the south–eastern Maiella Mt. (Taranta Valley), a thin level rich in ?Ornatanomalina (Pl. 3, Figs. 10–12) may be referred to SBZ4.

SBZ 5–6 (latest Thanetian–basal Ypresian) – From western Cephalonia (ACCORDI et al., 1999), a distinctive marker of these chronobiozones is an as yet undescribed ?nubeculariid with alveolate wall (Fig. 3).

3. – Conclusions

The occurrence of larger foraminifera is strongly controlled by both environmental and depositional factors. For many Paleocene–Eocene taxa typical of shallow depths, the concurrent biases of specific ecological requirements, narrow extent of correlative sedimentary facies, taphonomic factors (e.g., test structure in porcelaneous shells) and depositional factors (especially, erosion due e.g. to sealevel change) severely affect our understanding of local taxonomic richness and the precise biogeographic and biostratigraphic ranges.

Few investigations deal with the Paleocene–Eocene larger foraminiferal assemblages which occur in the platform and platform/basin transition domain in carbonate settings of the investigated area. Proximal deposits are characterized by widespread depositional hiatuses. Distally, coarse to fine reworked sediments and hemipelagites prevail, interrupted by gravity flows; allochthonous and reworked assemblages are common. On distally steepened carbonate ramps as the platforms investigated here are currently interpreted, sealevel change may further obliterate


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biostratigraphic information. These biases affect especially sediments and biota restricted to the shallowest marine domains, including conical and discoidal agglutinated taxa and porcelaneous taxa such as Glomalveolina, orbitolitids, and several partially enrolled groups (peneroplids, soritids, Spirolina, Praerhapydionina, Rhabdorites, etc.).

Not surprisingly, these biases may affect also some important and easily recognizable zonal markers such as Globoflarina sphaeroidea, Glomalveolina primaeva (Reichel, 1936) and G. levis (Hottinger, 1960). For example, the last occurrence of G. primaeva and the first occurrence of G. levis are not very well constrained. According to SERRA–KIEL et al. (1998) they are restricted to the early Thanetian and late Thanetian, respectively characterizing SBZ 3 and SBZ 4. However, in a classical outcrop area for Paleocene–Ypresian larger foraminifera, the Petites–Pyrénées in SW France, TAMBAREAU (1972: p. 146) and SZTRàKOS et al. (1997: p. 48) recorded the co–occurrence of these two taxa within the oolitic Couches de Houns in several sections of the Plantaurel area (Ariège valley: Charameau and Marseillas).

The present work provides evidence on the larger foraminiferal assemblages of three distinct paleogeographic regions from the central Mediterranean area for the Selandian–Early Ypresian timespan. The occurrence of several as yet unrecorded taxa from the Apulian and Pre–Apulian domains testifies to the species richness of these areas, although this may merely reflect greater sampling intensity than elsewhere. The main aim of the present work consist in detailing the less abundant taxa, in order to provide comparison with other assemblages. An investigation on the detailed biostratigraphic ranges and some taxonomic issues is in progress.

Lavoro consegnato il 12.04.2007

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We are grateful to Prof. N. Pugliese for the revision of the submitted manuscript. The support of MURST Prin grant 2004 045173_003 and of the Maiella National Park authority is gratefully acknowledged. Fieldwork in Greece was allowed by I.G.M.E. (Permit no. 3286). Prof. L. Stamatopoulos and Prof. G. Koukis (University of Patras) greatly facilitated the work in Zakynthos. Part of the investigated material from the Ionian Islands was generously provided by G. Accordi and F. Carbone (IGAG, CNR, Rome).

REFERENCES

ACCORDI G., CARBONE F., PIGNATTI J., 1999 – Depositional history of a Paleogene carbonate ramp (Western Cephalonia, Ionian Islands, Greece). Geol. Romana, 34: 131–205.

CAPOTORTI F., MARIOTTI G., 1992 – Le strutture sabine e della piattaforma carbonatica laziale–abruzzese nell’area del Lago del Salto (Rieti). Studi Geol. Camerti, v. spec. 1991(2): 27–32.

CHERCHI A., SCHROEDER R., 2005 – Revision of Keramosphaerinopsis haydeni (H. Douvillé), larger foraminifer


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(Miliolacea) from the Paleocene of Southern Tibet (Tethys Himalaya). Boll. Soc. Paleontol. Ital., 44 (2): 175–183.

PEYBERNèS B., FONDECAVE–WALLEZ M.J., HOTTINGER L., EICHèNE P., SEGONZAC G., 2000 – Limite Crétacé–Tertiaire et biozonation micropaleontologique du Danien–Sélandien dans le Béarn occidental et la Haute–Soule (Pyrénées–Atlantiques). Geobios, 33(1): 35–48.

SERRA–KIEL J., HOTTINGER L., CAUS E., DROBNE K., FERRàNDEZ C., JAUHRI A.K., LESS G., PAVLOVEC R., PIGNATTI J., SAMSÓ J.M., SCHAUB H., SIREL E., STROUGO A., TAMBAREAU Y., TOSQUELLA J., ZAKREVSKAYA E., 1998 – Larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Tethyan Paleocene and Eocene. Bull. Soc. géol. France, 169 (2): 281–299.

SZTRàKOS K., GÉLY J.–P., BLONDEAU A., MÜLLER C., 1997 – Le Paléocène et l’Ilerdien (p.p.) du Bassin sud–aquitain: lithostratigraphie, biostratigraphie et analyse séquentielle. Géologie de la France, 4: 27–54.

TAMBAREAU Y., 1972 – Thanétien supérieur et Ilerdien inférieur des Petites–Pyrénées, du Plantaurel et des Chainons audois. Thèse Doct. d’Etat, Université de Toulouse: 377 pp.

TENTOR M., VENTURINI S., 2005 – Karsella e Keramosphaerina (foraminiferi): primo rinvenimento in un incluso paleocenico nel flysch eocenico presso Vigant (Nimis, Udine). Natura Nascosta, 31: 1–14.

VECSEI A., 1991 – Aggradation und Progradation eines Karbonatplattform–Randes. Kreide bis Mittleres Tertiär der Montagna della Maiella, Abruzzen. Mitt. Geol. Inst. Eidgen. Techn. Hochschule u. Univ. Zürich, (n.S.), 294: 1–170.


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Pl. 1 – NW Maiella (Monte Focalone): 1–3) Orbitoclypeus ramaraoi (Samanta, 1967), 4–6) Discocyclina seunesi Douvillé, 1922, 7–9) Orbitoclypeidae indet., 10a, 11) Discocyclina sp., 10b) Polystrata alba (Pfender, 1936) Denizot, 1968.All SBZ 4. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.


140 PIGNATTI JOHANNES, DI CARLO MASSIMO, BENEDETTI ANDREA, BOTTINO CECILIA, BRIGUGLIO ANTONINO, FALCONI MANUELA, MATTEUCCI RUGGERO, PERUGINI GIANLUCA, RAGUSA MICHELA

Pl. 2 – NW Maiella (Monte Focalone): 1) Pseudolacazina donatae (Drobne, 1974), 2) “Operculina” heberti Munier-Chalmas, 1884, 3) Daviesina cf. garumnensis Tambareau, 1972, 4) thick-walled ?Daviesina, 5, 6) Rotaliidae indet., 7-10) “Plumokhatina” sp., 11) Periloculina sp., 12-14) Ranikothalia sindensis (Davies, 1927). SBZ 3: 1-6; SBZ 4: 7-14. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

141SBZ 2–6 LARGER FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES FROM THE APULIAN, etc.

Pl. 3 – SE Maiella (Taranta Valley): 1–3) Globoflarina sphaeroidea (Fleury, 1982), 4) Idalina causae Sirel, 1998, 5) Idalina sinjarica Grimsdale, 1952, 6) Assilina azilensis Tambareau, 1966, 7) Miscellanea cf. juliettae Leppig, 1988, 8, 9) Miscellanea aff. juliettae Leppig, 1988, 10–12) Ornatanomalina sp.SBZ 2: 1–3, 9; SBZ 3: 4, 5, 7, 8; SBZ 4: 6, ?10–12. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

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Pl. 4 – Grotte di Santa Filippa (Fiamignano): 1-3) Daviesina spp., 4, 5) Miscellanea cf. juliettae Leppig, 1988, 6) “Plumokathina” sp.Costa Arrenti (Avezzano): 7, 8) Globoflarina sphaeroidea (Fleury, 1982), 9) Keramosphaerinopsis cf. iranicus (Rahaghi, 1983), 10) Miscellanea sp.SBZ 2: 7-10; SBZ 3: 1-6.Scale bar = 0.5 mm.


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Pl. 5 – Gargano (Mattinata): 1) Haymanella paleocenica Sirel, 1998, 2) Fallotella alavensis Mangin, 1954, 3) ?Dictyoconus cf. turriculus Hottinger & Drobne, 1980, 4) Idalina sinjarica Grimsdale, 1952, 5) Glomalveolina primaeva (Reichel, 1936), 6) ?Helenalveolina sp., 7) Hottingerina anatolica Sirel, 1998, 8) Keramosphaerinopsis cf. iranicus (Rahaghi, 1983), 9) flabelliform porcelaneous taxon, 10–12) Globoflarina sphaeroidea (Fleury, 1982). SBZ 2: 1–4, 7, 9–12; SBZ 3: 5, 6, 8. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.


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Pl. 6 – Gargano (Mattinata): 1, 2) Stomatorbina binkhorsti (Reuss, 1862), 3) Mississippinidae indet., 4) Sistanites iranicus Rahaghi, 1983, 5, 6) Miscellanea aff. iranica Rahaghi, 1983, 7–9) Miscellanea aff. juliettae Leppig, 1988, 10) Daviesina sp., 11) Pseudocuvillierina cf. sireli (Inan, 1988). SBZ 2: 1, 2, 4–9, 11; SBZ 3: 3, 10. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.


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Pl. 7 – S Zakynthos: 1) Fallotella kochanskae Hottinger & Drobne, 1980, 2, 7a) Fallotella alavensis Mangin, 1954, 3, 4) Vania anatolica Sirel & Gündüz, 1985, 5) Haddonia praeheissigi Samuel, Köhler & Borza, 1977, 6, 9b) Coskinon rajkae (Hottinger & Drobne, 1980), 7b, 8a–b) Glomalveolina primaeva (Reichel, 1936), 9a, 10) Hottingerina anatolica Sirel, 1998, 11) Idalina sinjarica Grimsdale, 1952, 12) Pseudolacazina donatae (Drobne, 1974), 13) Rhabdorites sp. All SBZ 3. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.


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