satellite towns: benefiting from proximity eight … · satellite towns: benefiting from proximity...
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n°32March 2016Maps & facts ClubSAHEL AND
WEST AFRICA
No 45, November 2016
www.oecd.org/swac/maps ClubSAHEL AND
WEST AFRICASecretariat
These maps are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. We encourage the use of our maps! Please include the Club’s copyright, inform or contact us for specific requests: [email protected]
Eight million pEoplE in northErn nigEria facing acutE food insEcurity
T he October 2016 analysis of the Cadre harmonisé1 expands its
coverage to include for the first time 16 out of 36 states, almost half of Nigeria. In these states, some eight million people are currently facing acute food insecurity (phases 3-5, October-December 2016). Due to the Boko Haram insurgency and massive population displacement, the three northeastern states, Adamawa, Borno and Yobe, have
1 West African tool to analyse and identify areas and amount of people at risk of food and nutrition insecurity.
reached extremely high levels of food insecurity (Maps & Facts no 44). While humanitarian access is improving, the situation remains particularly worrisome in the state of Borno, where nearly 60% of the population (3.3 million people) are still facing acute food insecurity (phases 3-5), including 55 000 people threatened by famine (phase 5). If no appro-priate measures are being taken, the current food and nutrition situation
is likely to get worse during the next lean season in June-August 2017. By then, the Cadre harmonisé projec-tions indicate that the number of severely food insecure people in the 16 analysed states could reach 8 to 10 million people. Analytical tools, data collection methods and training for local administrations need to be further developed in order to fine-tune and expand the analysis of the Cadre harmonisé to all parts of Nigeria.
Source: Cadre harmonisé, national analysis, October 2016. © Agrhymet/CILSS
FCT
Adamawa
BornoYobe
GombeBauchi
Taraba
Jigawa
Kano
Kaduna
KatsinaZamfara
Plateau
Niger
Kebbi
Sokoto
Oyo
Ogun
Lagos
OsunEkiti
Kwara
KogiBenue
Nassarawa
Cross River
Ebonyi
ImoAbia
OndoEdo
Delta
Bayelsa Rivers AkwaIbom
Anambra
Enugu
Lake Chad
FCT
Adamawa
BornoYobe
GombeBauchi
Taraba
Jigawa
Kano
Kaduna
Katsina
Zamfara
Plateau
Niger
Kebbi
Sokoto
Oyo
Ogun
Lagos
OsunEkiti
Kwara
KogiBenue
Nassarawa
Cross River
Ebonyi
ImoAbia
OndoEdo
Delta
Bayelsa Rivers AkwaIbom
Anambra
Enugu
Lake Chad
Phases of food insecurity
June-August 2017October-December 2016
Phase 1: Minimal Phase 2: Stressed Phase 3: Crisis Phase 4: Emergency Phase 5: Famine Not analysed
No. 52, April 2017
MAPS & FACTS
This map is without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. We encourage the use of our maps. Please include the Club’s copyright, inform or contact us for specific requests: [email protected]
www.oecd.org/swac/maps ClubSAHEL ANDWEST AFRICA
Secretariat
ClubSAHEL ANDWEST AFRICA
Secretariat
SATELLITE TOWNS: BENEFITING FROM PROXIMITY
Twenty-five per cent of West Africa’s nearly 2 000 urban agglomerations
can be described as satellite towns. These 461 towns have a combined population of 14.4 million or 11% of the total urban population of West Africa. Nigeria is the country with the greatest number of satellite towns (367). Satellite towns are, by definition, modest in size with an average of 31 000 inhabitants. The large majority of satellite towns are located in close proximity (less than 40km) to large cities and benefit from shared facilities such as airports, roads and universities; and services such as banking, hospitals and public transport. They also gain from the considerable market potential provided by the populations of their larger neighbours. This high market potential, calculated here in terms of the total population living within the region
of a town, can explain why satellite towns have experienced strong growth in both size and number over the past decade. Satellite towns also increasingly attract industrial activity and decongest existing industrial zones that are located closer to big cities. This is the case, for example, of Attinguié, a town north of Abidjan where the government launched the development of Abidjan’s new industrial area ‘PK24’. With continuing urban growth and the development of manufacturing, industrial and service activities, the number of satellite towns is set to grow in West Africa. Satellite towns are one of seven city groups analysed in the latest working paper from the Sahel and West Africa Club Secretariat.
Ext
ract
Prieto Curiel, R., P. Heinrigs and I. Heo (2017), “Cities and Spatial Interactions in West Africa: A Clustering Analysis of the Local Interactions of Urban Agglomerations”, West African Papers, No. 05, OECD Publishing, Paris, p. 22.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/57b30601-en
City size Market potential
Urbanisation level
Local dominance
31 130 2 284 484 0.69 0.01
CITY SIZE
ATTINGUIÉ
ABIDJAN
ABIDJANATTINGUIÉ
LOCAL DOMINANCE
MARKET POTENTIAL
LEVEL OF URBANISATION
AVERAGE
VORONOI MAP SIMPLIFIED MAPREAL SHAPE
DISTRIBUTION OF SATELLITE CITIES
Nigeria 367Ghana 22Benin 18Côte d’Ivoire 15Senegal 8
Togo 8Gambia 6Burkina Faso 3Chad 3Guinea 2
Liberia 3Mali 3Niger 2Sierra Leone 1West Africa 461
n°32March 2016Maps & facts ClubSAHEL AND
WEST AFRICA
No 45, November 2016
www.oecd.org/swac/maps ClubSAHEL AND
WEST AFRICASecretariat
These maps are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. We encourage the use of our maps! Please include the Club’s copyright, inform or contact us for specific requests: [email protected]
Eight million pEoplE in northErn nigEria facing acutE food insEcurity
T he October 2016 analysis of the Cadre harmonisé1 expands its
coverage to include for the first time 16 out of 36 states, almost half of Nigeria. In these states, some eight million people are currently facing acute food insecurity (phases 3-5, October-December 2016). Due to the Boko Haram insurgency and massive population displacement, the three northeastern states, Adamawa, Borno and Yobe, have
1 West African tool to analyse and identify areas and amount of people at risk of food and nutrition insecurity.
reached extremely high levels of food insecurity (Maps & Facts no 44). While humanitarian access is improving, the situation remains particularly worrisome in the state of Borno, where nearly 60% of the population (3.3 million people) are still facing acute food insecurity (phases 3-5), including 55 000 people threatened by famine (phase 5). If no appro-priate measures are being taken, the current food and nutrition situation
is likely to get worse during the next lean season in June-August 2017. By then, the Cadre harmonisé projec-tions indicate that the number of severely food insecure people in the 16 analysed states could reach 8 to 10 million people. Analytical tools, data collection methods and training for local administrations need to be further developed in order to fine-tune and expand the analysis of the Cadre harmonisé to all parts of Nigeria.
Source: Cadre harmonisé, national analysis, October 2016. © Agrhymet/CILSS
FCT
Adamawa
BornoYobe
GombeBauchi
Taraba
Jigawa
Kano
Kaduna
KatsinaZamfara
Plateau
Niger
Kebbi
Sokoto
Oyo
Ogun
Lagos
OsunEkiti
Kwara
KogiBenue
Nassarawa
Cross River
Ebonyi
ImoAbia
OndoEdo
Delta
Bayelsa Rivers AkwaIbom
Anambra
Enugu
Lake Chad
FCT
Adamawa
BornoYobe
GombeBauchi
Taraba
Jigawa
Kano
Kaduna
Katsina
Zamfara
Plateau
Niger
Kebbi
Sokoto
Oyo
Ogun
Lagos
OsunEkiti
Kwara
KogiBenue
Nassarawa
Cross River
Ebonyi
ImoAbia
OndoEdo
Delta
Bayelsa Rivers AkwaIbom
Anambra
Enugu
Lake Chad
Phases of food insecurity
June-August 2017October-December 2016
Phase 1: Minimal Phase 2: Stressed Phase 3: Crisis Phase 4: Emergency Phase 5: Famine Not analysed
Cette carte est sans préjudice du statut de tout territoire, de la souveraineté s’exerçant sur ce dernier, du tracé des frontières et limites internationales, et du nom de tout territoire, ville ou région. Nous encourageons l’utilisation de nos cartes. Veuillez nous informer et en faire mention du copyright du Club. Pour des demandes spécifiques, contacter : [email protected]
No 52, avril 2017
MAPS & FACTS
www.oecd.org/fr/csao/cartes
Club DU SAHEL ET DEL'AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST
Club DU SAHEL ET DEL'AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST
Secrétariat du
VILLES SATELLITES : L’AVANTAGE DE LA PROXIMITÉ
Un quart des 2 000 agglomérations urbaines ouest-africaines sont
considérées comme villes satellites. Ces 461 villes représentent 14.4 millions de personnes, soit 11 % de la population urbaine totale en Afrique de l’Ouest. Le Nigéria est le pays qui en compte le plus grand nombre (367). Les villes satellites sont de taille moyenne d‘environ 31 000 habitants. La grande majorité est située à proximité des grandes villes (moins de 40 km). Elles bénéficient des infrastructures de celles-ci telles que les aéroports, les routes et les universités ainsi que des services tels que les banques, les hôpitaux et les transports publics. Elles tirent également avantage du « potentiel de marché » considérable que représente la population des grandes villes voisines. L’importance de ce potentiel de marché, représenté ici en
termes de population totale résidant dans la région d’une ville, explique pourquoi les villes satellites ont connu une forte croissance à la fois en taille et en nombre au cours de la dernière décennie. Elles attirent de plus en plus les industries et décongestionnent les zones industrielles proches des grandes villes. C’est le cas d’Attinguié au nord d’Abidjan où l’État a lancé le développement de la nouvelle zone industrielle d’Abidjan « PK24 ». Avec une croissance urbaine continue et le développement des activités industrielles et de service, le nombre des villes satellites ne peut que s’accroître. Elles font partie des sept catégories urbaines analysées dans les dernières Notes ouest-africaines du Secrétariat du Club du Sahel et de l’Afrique de l’Ouest.
Ext
rait
Prieto Curiel, R., P. Heinrigs et I. Heo (2017), « Villes et interactions spatiales en Afrique de l’Ouest : une analyse par grappe des interactions locales des agglomérations urbaines », Notes ouest-africaines, No 05, Éditions OCDE, Paris, p. 22. (anglais), http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/57b30601-en
Taille Potentiel de marché
Niveau Dominance locale
31 130 2 284 484 0.69 0.01
TAILLE
ATTINGUIÉ
ABIDJAN
ABIDJANATTINGUIÉ
DOMINANCE LOCALE
POTENTIEL DE MARCHÉ
NIVEAU D’URBANISATION
MOYENNE
CARTE VORONOI CARTE SIMPLIFIÉEMORPHOLOGIE RÉELLE
RÉPARTITION DES VILLES SATELLITES
Nigéria 367Ghana 22Bénin 18Côte d’Ivoire 15Sénégal 8
Togo 8Gambie 6Burkina Faso 3Tchad 3Guinée 2
Libéria 3Mali 3Niger 2Sierra Leone 1Afrique de l’Ouest 461