SAP QUIZ:

1. What are the components of Sales Area?a. Sales Organizationb. Distribution Channelc. Division

2. How many Company Codes are assigned to a Sales Organization?a. Only One company code can be assigned to a sales Organization

3. How many Sales Organizations can be assigned to a Company Code?a. Many sales Organizations can be assigned to a Company Code

4. How many Company Codes can be assigned to a Chart of Account?a. Many Company Codes can be assigned to a Chart of Accounts

5. List the Master Data in SD? There are three Master Data in SD a. Customer Master Datab. Material Master Datac. Pricing Condition

6. What is the relation between sales organization and company codes? Many to One

7. What is the difference between cash sales and rush order? In rush order if a Customer places an order delivery will take place immediately billing will be later

8. In cash sale if a customer places an order delivery and Billing will be on the same day.

9. How system picks up pricing while doing billing? From Sales Order10. What is a GAP? Explain a Gap in your last project?(real life example need to

create new routes, batch jobs for delivery create delivery Blocks) a. Difference between AS IS and TO BE

11. In customer master data the client requirement needs legacy PeopleSoft

customer number which can be solved with User exit.

In sales order we need customer Phone number, we can use user exit

If client want new field in customer master like nearest fire station.

GAP analysis is done in Blue Print stage. It aims to understand what can be

done with the standard SAP and how the client actually wants a particular

scenario to be processed.

It’s an understanding of the GAP between the actual & required scenarios.

The difference between agreed work and completed work is GAP Analysis.

E.g.: To Fill This Gap, We Use the Enhancements, These Enhancements are

Divided Into Exits, Like User exits, Field Exits Screen Exits & Menu

Exits. These Enhancements are used to update the standard program

in its Respective Business Transactions, Used as a Gateway to Meet

the Client Requirements.

12. One or more plants can be assigned to a company code, and one or more storage locations can be assigned to a plant- TRUE

a. A plant always linked to one company code and be assigned to one or more sales organization

13. The top level or highest level of the organization in shipping is the shipping point. The deliveries are always initiated from exactly one shipping point. TRUE

14. A shipping point is assigned one or more plants and can be sub-divided into several loading points- TRUE

15. A Loading point is a sub-division of a shipping point and it is manually entered into the header of the delivery. TRUE

a. Voluntary Entry16. What are the views in customer master data?

a. General Data - Address, Control Data (tax information), payment transaction (bank details), marketing (customer. Classification, industry), unloading points (goods receiving hours), export data, contact persons

b. Company Code Data - Account management (reconciliation account), Payment transactions (Terms of payment, payment block), Correspondence (dunning procedure), Insurance (amount insured)

c. Sales Data - orders (sales office, district, group, price group, currency), shipping (shipping condition, delivering plant, transportation zone), billing document (terms of payment, output tax classification), partner function (sold to party, ship to party, bill to party, payer)

17. What are the views in material master data?a. Basic data: valid for all organizational units; material #, material

description, base unit measured, material division…b. Sales: Sales Org: SD; material pricing group, volume rebate group,

product hierarchyc. Purchasing: MM; delivering plant, material group, tax classificationd. General/Plant Data: SD; Availability check, transportation group,

loading groupe. Other: engineering, accounting, MP

18. What are the business partners in SD?a. Sold To Party- Pricing, Incoterms, Shipping Conditionb. Ship To Party- Ship to address, goods receiving hours, taxc. Bill To Party- Billing Addressd. Payer- Terms of Payment, Credit Limit Check

19. List the internal organizational structure in SDa. Sales Officeb. Sales Groupc. Sales Person

20. List the external organizational structures in SD

a. Sales Organizationb. Distribution Channelc. Divisiond. Plant- assumes the role of a delivering plant in SD. When the delivery

item is entered, the system checks for the delivery plant automatically from the master data, copies it to the document item.

e. Storage Unit What do you assign distribution channels and divisions? A Sales Organization. What are the highest organizational units in SD, MM.PP, FI, CO? SD to Sales Organizations.MM to Plant, PP to Plant, FI to Company Code, Can a sales organization sell from a plant belonging to a different company code? Yes. How many shipping points can you assign to a plant? Many.

21. How many shipping points can you assign to a sales organization? None.22. What is the structure of a sales document?

a. Header Data- include customer related data- VBAKb. Item Data- include material and quantity ordered data- VBAPc. Scheduling Line Data- include delivery quantities and dates- VBEP

23. What is the structure of a billing document?a. Header Data- includes payer and billing date- VBRKb. Item Data- material, quantities, and price- VBRP

24. What is the structure of a delivery document?a. Header Data: includes ship to party, schedules for shipping process

data- LIKPb. Item Data: include material, quantities, weights data- LIPS

25. What are the tables in SAP SD?VBAK Order header

VBAP Order item

VBEP Order schedule

LIKP Delivery header

LIPS Delivery item

VBRK Billing head.

VBRP Billing item

VBPA Partners

VBUK Status head

VBUP Status items

VBKD Bus. data

VBFA Doc. flow

26. List the fields in SAP?KUNNR Sold-to party

ASAP methodology means nothing but standard process for implementation of SAP,  It consists of 5 phases.

1. Project preparation - consists of identifying team members and developing strategy as how to go about the project.

2. Business Blue print - consists of identifying the client current process, requirement and how SAP provides solution.     Consists of detailed documentation

3. Realization -The purpose of this phase is to implement all the business and process requirements based on the     Business Blueprint.

4. Final Preparation - The purpose of this phase is to complete testing, end-user training,

5. Go Live and Support

1. Project PreparationIn this phase you plan your project and lay the foundations for successful implementation. It is at this stage that you make the strategic decisions crucial to your project:

o Define your project goals and objectives o Clarify the scope of your implementation o Define your project schedule, budget plan, and implementation sequence o Establish the project organization and relevant committees and assign resources

2. Business BlueprintIn this phase you create a blueprint using the Question & Answer database (Q&Adb), which documents your enterprise’s requirements and establishes how your business processes and organizational structure are to be represented in the SAP System. You also refine the original project goals and objectives and revise the overall project schedule in this phase.

3. RealizationIn this phase, you configure the requirements contained in the Business Blueprint. Baseline configuration (major scope) is followed by final configuration (remaining scope), which can consist of up to four cycles. Other key focal areas of this phase are conducting integration tests and drawing up end user documentation.

4. Final PreparationIn this phase you complete your preparations, including testing, end user training, system management, and cutover activities. You also need to resolve all open issues in this phase. At this stage you need to ensure that all the prerequisites for your system to go live have been fulfilled.

5. Go Live & Supportin this phase, you move from a pre-production environment to the live system. The most important elements include setting up production support, monitoring system transactions, and optimizing overall system performance.

21.VBELN Document number

NETWR Net value

MATNR Material numb.

ERDAT Date

AUART Document type What is the purpose of sales document type?Sales documents is nothing but data container, and its a proof of transactions to simplify business process document categorized into 3 types :sales document, delivery document , billing document sales document :sales related data is going to be captured here to map different process transactions sap has categorized into 4 types.Presales order: inquiry, quotation (IN, QT)Standard order: OR, cash rushCustomer outline agreement: Scheduling agreement-DS & contractsCustomer complaints: credit, debit (G2, L2)The functions of sales document type are:It can determine whether the sales doc of that type is blocked or not, No. ranges for the documents, whether a reference doc is mandatory or not, whether it should read customer .material info record, whether the system should run credit checks and how it should respond etc..A sales document type fulfills a requirement of a specific business transaction. For example, in a cash sale you would require the delivery to be happening immediately after the order and you would require an invoice slip to be handed over to the customer immediately after his purchase. These things are customized in your Cash sales (CS) document type..

22. List 5 Order Types in SD? Inquiry, quotation, sales order delivery, and billing.

23.List Sales Document Types:a. Credit/ Debit Requestb. Standard Orderc. Contractd. Cash Salese. Rush Orderf. Free of Charge Deliveryg. Returnsh. Consignment Fill up

24 Sales Document Functions the function of a sales document is to: i. Delivery Schedulingj. Transfer of requirements get product to customer k. Pricingl. Sales Information Systemm. Credit Check- Credit Managementn. Output- EDI- In practice, EDI is the act of exchanging data through

computers. Many businesses and other organizations use EDI every day in the regular course of doing business. This is because EDI makes doing business together a more automated and efficient process.

o. Text- TAX

p. Availability Check- goods in warehouse backward/forward scheduling, apply to ATP, safety Stock, stock in quality

25 What are the items categories?

o Item categories are defined to provide additional control functions for the sales documents. For example, the functions of a standard item are completely different from those of a free-of-charge item or a text item. The system uses an item category to process a material differently in each sales document type. For example, you can define a different control for a material in an inquiry and a material in an order. The item category in the sales document depends on the sales document type and the material. An item category group is defined in the material master record.

o IMGSDSalesSales DocumentsSales Document ItemDefine Item Categories

o Assign Item Categories- VOV4 control function attached to the transaction for the line item control for the delivery so you can take. Delivery type could be partial, combine, complete consignment.

24. Sales document Types controls how the sales document must function, it represent the different business transactions in a company and perform certain controlling functions.

25 what are item categories? Item category is a grouping of various material types. Item category is assigned to the material master. Item category is automatically determined by SAP during the sale order processing VOV4 T-code

26. What are schedule line categories? Contains information about the quantities of material ordered by the customer and the corresponding delivery date requested by the customer for delivery of that material.

The items in a sales document are divided into one or more schedule lines. These schedule lines differ from each other with respect to date and quantity.

Different control elements are also defined for the schedule lines. For example, for some schedule lines, material requirement planning is not carried out; for other schedule lines, it is carried out. Also goods receipt, not goods issue, is posted for a schedule line defined in a returns document.

Name at least five features that you can control for the schedule line category?Relevance for delivery, Availability check, Transfer of Requirements, Goods Movement, Purchasing and Incompletion log. SCHEDULE LINE:-It is about delivery date and delivery Quantity

What is Condition type?A condition type is one which describes that what is the purpose of that condition i.e. it represents a real time pricing like price, discount, freight or taxes condition types are used to define how the particular condition is going to perform. Condition types are linked to access sequence which in turn is linked to condition tables. Condition types are used wherever we use condition technique. Hence it is used in pricing, material determination, output control, etc. Some important conditions types in pricing are pr00-pricing, kfoo-freight, k007-customer discount...

What are the fields in pricing procedure? There are 16 columns in pricing procedure

The following graphic provides an overview of some of the item categories which are defined in the standard system.

27 What is ATP or availability check?o Available to Promise availability check backward and forward

schedule takes place here. It checks inventory lead time for delivery. Forward schedule for delivery date.

o Matches supply to demando Gives customers reliable delivery commitments based on real time

checkso Process of checking the available quantities of a material.

o ATP quantity= Warehouse stock + planned receipts (incoming stock) – the planned issues ( outgoing stock) (takes into account all movements into and out of the warehouse)

28 Transaction Code for Batch Processing is SM35 and Job Schedule is SM37.

29 What does ABAP stand for?o Advanced Business Application Programming

30What does BAPI stand for?o Business Application Programming Interface- is an interface

providing access to processes and data of business application systems. Interface for integrating third party applications and components in the business framework.

31What is consignment stock n consignment orders you are allowing the stock to sit in your customer location. Once he informs that he used the stock you will invoice him. If he returns the stock you will accept the stock to take it back.

It is defined in 4 steps.

32Explain MRP monitors scheduling agreements, and controls their statuso Material Requirement Planningo Takes place in a plant

33What are a schedule agreement and its components? A schedule agreement contains details of a delivery schedule but a contract just contains quantity and price information and no details of specific delivery dates 

What's the difference between scheduling agreement with normal order?  What's the condition for us to choose schedule line or order? 

Both of them contain schedule line, price, and quantity. 

There are a couple major differences: 

(1) - Schedule agreements allow you to have 2 different sets of schedule lines (VBEP-ABART).  Standard SAP you should have two sets of tabs - of schedule lines. One Forecast & the other JIT.  Forecast forwards the schedule lines to planning (seen in MD04) and JIT passes them to shipping (VL10). They can be identical or different. Typically these are used for component supplier customers (namely Automotive). The customer will provide you 4-10 weekly buckets (usually a Monday date) of future forecast quality. Also send you 1-2 weeks of individual FIRM ship dates - which are entered on the JIT. It comes down to the customer not knowing exactly what they need next week, but they don't want to surprise you with a large order

qty, where your lead times are 5+ days. The forecasted qtys they sent last week should account for this. 

(2) Cumulative Quantities are tracked and influence how the schedule agreement passes requirements to both forecasting and shipping. These qtys are sometimes requested by the customer on ASNs. Cumulative qtys reset at year end unless you've got a customer calendar or you've modified standard SAP user exits to not reset. 

Schedule agreements are very nice when the customer sends EDI data (830s = forecast or 862s = JITs). Outside of that they can really cause trouble regarding daily maintenance, missing requirements, cum qty corrections, year end processing, etc.  One alternative would be to use customer independent requirements - entering the weekly, monthly forecasting qtys and entering standard sales orders (with or without multiple schedule lines) to represent the true firm qtys.

34 Explain blocking reasons, bill blocking and material blocking? Billing block prevent a billing document from being created it can be done for credit memo or project milestone billing.

Material blocking for a material has technical defects or is to be discontinued, you can block the material.

If you set a block, orders, deliveries and invoices containing this material cannot be created at all, or only with a warning message. The system reactions to a blocked material depends on the type of block set. Shipping block- most commonly used- OVLS

Shipping & delivery blocks can be manually entered.

35What is make to stock? MTS (Make to Stock) literally means to manufacture products for stock based on demand forecasts, which can be regarded as push-type production. MTS has been required to prevent opportunity loss due to stock out and minimize excess inventory using accurate forecasts. In the industrialized society of mass production and mass marketing, this forecast mass production urged standardization and efficient business management such as cost reduction.

36What is make to order? Make-to-order production is a process in which a product is individually manufactured for a particular customer. In contrast to mass production for an unspecified market where a material is manufactured many times, in make-to-order production a material is created only once though the same or a similar production process might be repeated at a later time.

In global trade, you often need to process several different kinds of transactions at the same time. The Trading Execution Workbench (TEW) provides a central cockpit where

traders can process trading contracts and their subcomponents, such as purchase orders and sales orders and follow-on documents. In addition, TEW automates a large part of the data entry, making processing quicker, easier, and more error-free.

57. In how many places we can block the Sales Document?Sales document can be blocked at three places depending onThe customer risk categories, they are1. Sales order level (high risk customer)2. Delivery level (medium risk customer)

3. Goods issue level (low risk customer)

37What is material determination? Material determination enables the automatic substitution of materials in sales documents during sales order processing. For example, during the course of a sales promotion, the system can, during sales order entry, automatically substitute a material that has promotional packaging. A consumer product may have a special wrapper for, for example, the Christmas season. Using material determination, the system substitutes the material only during the specified period.

38What is text determination) Text Determination: Any Texts in Material Master/Material Determination/Order/Delivery, etc is meant to convey messages to the subsequent documents for compliance. e.g. "Give Top Priority" message mentioned in Order is meant for Production Dept. (b) Account Determination: is integration between Finance and SD. The A/P along with Account Keys needs to be allocated accordingly with combination of Account Determination Group for Customer and Material if required. (c) Partner Determination: To identify which type of Partner it is so that if required for same Customer different Partner Functions may be required e.g Only One Sold To Party per Customer. More than One Ship to Party/ Bill to Party/ Payer possible. Accordingly different Masters will have to be created. Useful for dispatch of Material in case of Ship to Party, sending Bill in case of Bill to Party and payment follow up/Dunning in case of Payer. (d) Output Determination: What

39What is output determination?o Output is the information sent to the customers via various media:

print, email, fax, EDI.o Takes place using condition techniqueo In the output master data, you define the transmission medium, the

time, and the partner function for an output type. o The layout of an output is defined by a form in SAP script. The form

is assigned to the output type.

40. What is account determination? (Assign what account the revenue is going to) To be able to use revenue recognition, you should select several special general ledger accounts. Choose: Sales and Distribution -> Basic Functions -> Account assignment/Costing -> Revenue Recognition

Automatic account determination Configure the Automatic account determination

To allows the system to determine the correct G/L account to post to by considering the type of transaction and other factors.

FBKP - Configure automatic account determination

Account determination: For transferring financial and costing information to proper financial docs

Determining the Revenue Account

Revenue recognition uses revenue account determination. To set up revenue account determination, use transaction VKOA.

Determining Non-Billed Receivables Accounts

The account for non-billed receivables is a special general ledger account, used to determine revenue which has been implemented but not yet billed.

If you want to set up an account, join an account with non-billed receivables together with a customer reconciliation account which is a part of your chart of accounts. You can use the transaction OVUR for this.

The standard system has the balance sheet account 142100 for non-billed receivables in the USA and in Canada (Accruals and Deferred Income).

Determining the Deferred Revenue Account

The deferred revenue account is a special general ledger account, used to determine revenue which has been billed but not yet implemented.

The system determines the deferred revenue account for a document item using standard SD account determination. Use the transaction VKOA for this.

For controlling revenue account determination, the following criteria are important:

Account determination table

In the account determination table, you define the criteria on which account determination should depend.

Access Sequence

Here, you define in which sequence fields are read from the billing document (header and item). An access

sequence refers to the permitted field combinations stored in the condition table.

Account determination type

The account determination type is a module of the conditions technique. You have to create at least one

account determination type and allocate it to an account determination procedure.

Account determination procedure

The account determination procedure contains the necessary account determination types with which the

SAP System can automatically find the revenue accounts.

Account key

With the three-digit account key, you finally allocate the revenue account.

You can set the system so that account determination is dependent upon the following master data fields:

Account group for material in the material master record

Account group for customer in the customer master record

41. What are ATP and the IMG Path for ATP?

o Available To Promiseo Matches supply to demando Gives customers reliable delivery commitments based on real time

checkso Process of checking the available quantities of a material.o ATP quantity= Warehouse stock + planned receipts (incoming stock)

– the planned issues ( outgoing stock) (takes into account all movements into and out of the warehouse)

o IMGSDBasic FunctionsAvailability Check & TORAvailability checkAvailability check with ATP Logic

42. Which of the following applying to ATP? all

o Safety Stock: stock examined for ATPo Stock in Transfero Stock in Qualityo Block Stock

43.List 3 delivery types:o Complete Delivery- The system will only confirm a delivery date on a

date when the entire scheduled, ordered quantity for that line in the sales order is available.

o Partial Delivery- one order- 2 deliverieso Order Combination- combined orders- 1 deliveryo Consignment

44. What is shipping point determination?o The shipping point is the organizational unit responsible for the

shipping processes.

o The shipping point is determined for each document item in the sales document item in the sales document.

o The three ways system determines the shipping point automatically for each delivery item is through the shipping condition in the SD data for the sold to party, the loading group in the SD data for the material, and the delivering plant

Explain the Steps to setup a route? A Route is part of shipping which is determinedDeparture Zone+ Shipping conditions+ Transportation Group and Transportation zone

45. What is RICEF? , Report, Interface, convenience, enhancement, format & portal. RICEF is not a standard SAP acronym! Is there anyone knows who made RICEF acronym firstly?

All right, RICEF stands for Reports, Interfaces, Conversions, Enhancements, and Forms.

R – Reports Refers report programming. Of course, firstly classical report programming, WRITE statement; then it means ALV programming with either ALV function modules or ABAP objects.

I - Interfaces

Interfaces are ALE / IDOC developments. Not only development, ABAP programming for IDOCs, also IDOC customization, management. I think it might refer EDI too.

C - Conversion

I think conversions means BDC programming, batch input function modules, BDCDATA structure, CALL TRANSACTION. Maybe conversion specifically refers conversion programs for standard batch input programs. Even we can say it refers LSMW.

E - Enhancements

Enhancements are user-exits and the object oriented model of user-exits that is BADIs. Business Add-Ins is a new SAP enhancement technique based on [[ABAP Objects]]  -          They can be inserted into the SAP system based on specific user requirement -          Business Add-Ins should be considered generalized Business Transaction -          Events that can be used to bundle program, menu and screen enhancements into a single add-in.

F - Forms

Forms are SAP script forms, SAP script print programs, and Smart Forms.

46. What is LSMW and what is it used for? The LSM Workbench is an R/3-based tool that supports when transferring data from non-SAP systems to R/3 once or periodically.

The tool supports conversion of data of the legacy system in a convenient way. The data can then be imported into the R/3 system via batch input, direct input, BAPIs or IDocs.

Furthermore, the LSM Workbench provides a recording function that allows generating a “data Migration object” in an entry or change transaction.

47. What is delivery block?o Block the transactions in shippingo You can customize the delivery block to configure the detailed effects

of blocking in the shipping process. o Example: block create of delivery, or allow processing of the delivery

and picking but block goods issueo You can specify a delivery block for any of the following:

Sales document type:Header LevelSchedule Line Level

Schedule Line CategoryDelivery Type

o Can also block customer master record for a particular sales area or for all sales areas as far as deliveries are concerned. VD05

o Delivery block has to be assigned to the delivery document types

48. What is billing block? Blocks are sometimes required to stop or hold a document from being billed to customer. In the customer master record you can specify a billing block. Billing block can be configuring in the item category. A block can prevent the release of billing documents to financial accounting.

Billing documents can be blocked in the following circumstances:

If billing types are used for which an automatic block is set when a billing document is created. The block is defined in a table

If errors occur during account determination

If a billing document is incomplete because, for example, the customer master record of the payer has not been updated for financial accounting

Block billing documents can be released manually after they have been checked.

Can set in the document header and in the individual items

49.What is Route Determination?

o The route is the transport channel of an outbound delivery from the delivering plant to the ship to party.

o Route defines the actual transit time and the lead time for transportation planning.

o Determining the route automatically through the departure zone for the shipping point, shipping conditions from the sold to party data, transportation group in the SD for the material data, and the transportation zone in the ship to party general data

50. What are 2 types of Billing Plans?o Milestone- in which the total value to be billed is distributed between

the individual billing plan dateso Periodic- in which the entire value is billed in full on each billing plan

date. 51List Billing Types?

o Invoice Split-partialo Collective Processing-complete o Order Combination-Separate billing document for each outbound

delivery 52.* What activities happen around sales, billing, and payments? 53. What is inter-company billing and inter-company sales?

o Inter-Company Billingo Inter-Company Sales- A sales organization can sell products supplied

by a plant which is assigned to a different company code.

54What is your understanding of pricing and the components around it?o Conditions- Prices, Discounts/ Surcharges, freight, taxeso Field Catalog- contains the list of key fieldso Condition Records- Contains the value for prices, disc/surcharge, freight,

and taxes-can be defined according to a scale to set limit. Can specify upper & lower limit- when prices are entered manually it has to be within these limits

o

55What is the IMG Path for rebate processing? List the ASAP Methodology:

o Project PreparationGetting the project startedIdentifying the team members

Developing a high level plano Business Blueprint

Understand the business goal of the companyDetermine business requirements needed to support those goals

o Realization

Implement all the business and process requirements based on the business blueprint

o Final PreparationComplete testing, end user training, system management

Critical open issues are resolvedo Go Live and Support

57. What is the transaction code for pricing? V/06

58. Pricing procedure is allocated to the sales document or billing document by a determination rule Because the R/3 condition technique from pricing is used for calculating the shipment costs, the most important tool for controlling shipment costing is the pricing procedure. The pricing procedure contains all condition types that are to be used for shipment costing and it defines the sequence in which calculation is carried out in the shipment cost document. You can specify requirements in the determination procedure which define when individual conditions are considered. The pricing procedure allows any number of subtotals between the gross value and the net value. Condition Type

A condition type serves to differentiate between prices in the system. You can define a separate condition type for each type of price, surcharge or discount that may arise in your business transactions. The condition type defines, for example, a discount as a fixed amount or as a percentage.

        Calculation Schema

The calculation schema describes a sequence of condition types that are used to determine prices.

Access Sequence

An access sequence is a search strategy with which the system looks for valid data for a specific condition type. You can define an access sequence for each condition type. In Enterprise Buyer the access sequences are predefined, changes are not intended to be made by customers.

        Condition Table

A condition table contains price information on a master data type, for example, on a product master. If you define a product price or a special discount, for example, you create condition records in the relevant condition table.

Using the Delivered Condition Types

The delivered Customizing settings handle the catalog price (condition type 01CG) in a special manner since it originates from an external data source for technical reasons and cannot be represented using an access sequence and condition tables.

The delivered gross price condition types in the calculation schema are split based on their priority in relation to a catalog price:

        Condition types that have a higher priority than the catalog price, for example, a manual gross price or a gross price from a contract

        The condition type for the catalog price

        Condition types that have a lower priority than the catalog price, for example, prices in a product linkage or in a product.

Prerequisites

You have set the necessary elements for Pricing in SAP Enterprise Buyer Customizing. (For more information, see the Supplier Relationship Management Implementation Guide (IMG): SRM Server ® Cross-Application Basic Settings ® Pricing ®

        General Configuration Parameters

        Process Condition Types

        Process Calculation Schema

        Process Condition Groups

First a determination occurs that checks if a value exists for each condition type.

In the second and main part of Pricing, a valuation occurs that determines which of the determined values the system is to use.

The system determines the gross prices and discounts for the condition types in the calculation schema. If the condition record contains a price/quantity scale, the system calculates the price according to the scale defined in the contract.

For the gross price determination, the system uses the following prioritization of condition types (according to the delivered calculation schema):

        Manual price

        Contract price

        Catalog price

        Price from product linkage or from product.

Pricing ensures that a manual price has priority over a contract price, that a contract price has priority over a catalog price, and that a catalog price, in turn, has priority over a product price.

The system deducts existing discounts from the gross price and thus arrives at the net price.

Example

For the product "pencils", there exists a contract (valid from 01.01.200X until 12.31.200X) with a quantity scale and a percentage discount. The product is listed in a catalog with a price. In addition, the product has a price in product maintenance (see SAP Menu Master Data ® Products ® Maintain Products).On 10.30.200X a user ordered 2,000 pencils. The system determines the contract to be the source and uses the condition record from the contract to determine the price. The system displays the gross price according to the stored scale. The net price is calculated less the percentage discount.

59.These pricing procedure determination is based on the customer master record, the sales document, and the sales area- TRUE

60. Tax determination determines and calculates taxes based on the

organizational structure, country, region, or city of delivering plants and country or receiving customer in combination with tax relevancy indicator on the customer and material masters’ record.

61. SAP has an incompletion structure that can be maintained to highlight missing

data in sales and delivery document as well as sales activities and partner function, this is called incompletion log. In customizing you can define which fields should be part of the incompletion log. Available in the Sales Order and Delivery. TRUE

62. The concept of Output Determination is output in the form of media from a

business to one of its business partner; the possible Medias are printouts, faxes, telexes, emails, and EDI. TRUE

63. Define the concept of customer hierarchy? Customer hierarchy setup, firstly

decide the hierarchy type to be used.

The standard is type A.

You can also assign a partner function to the customer so that the higher level customer in the hierarchy is copied into a sales order as a partner function - but you don't need that right?

Next assign your customer account group to the hierarchy type. And enter the combinations that will be allowed for creating the hierarchy.

You want to assign a ship-to to a payer. So enter the ship to account group and enter the payer account group as the higher level.

You must also make an entry for permitted sales area assignments. So if you want to a hierarchy for customers in the same sales area then enter the sales area and enter the same one as the higher level sales area.

All these settings can be found in the IMG. Under SD - master data - business partners - customers - customer hierarchy

you use for example customer hierarchy when you have a company like Unilever and you agree both on a discount. Unilever does have different locations / businesses and you have to maintain the discount for all customers. If you use a customer hierarchy you can maintain the discount for the partner in the top of the hierarchy and in this way it will be valid for all customers in the hierarchy

64.A product hierarchy like a customer hierarchy has an automatic “family

tree” linking it back to a certain grouping of products.

65 Define the concept of credit management? What is Credit Management?

Most enterprises extend credit to their customers. This literally means, selling their goods and collecting money at a later point of time. The amount of credit extended is determined by the customer’s credit worthiness (Also called credit limit ) . The number of days for which credit is extended is based on the payment terms associated with that transaction.

For ex., Customer A could be given a credit limit of $ 100,000 by the company.

Now, let say that customer orders goods worth $ 20,000 with payment terms of Net 45 2 % ( Meaning if the customer pays for the goods within 45 days of purchase, he will be given a 2% cash discount. So instead of paying $20,000, the customer would need to pay ($20,000 – 2% of 20,000) = $ 19,600. This is to encourage timely payment of their bills and improve cash flow. A credit control area is an organizational unit that is comprised of one or more company code, also a company code can have no more than one credit control area?

67. Explain concept of blocking customers? It is possible to block customer master record because of trade negotiations are in placed or a customer is black listed. You have the option to block sales order, delivery, and billing document. 68What is the difference between factory calendar and regular calendar?

Factory calendar tell work days at a particular location. They are also use to

determine when a delivery must take placed A regular calendar is needed as well to tell the holidays

69What is the function of copy control and the different copy control scenarios with the transaction codes? Copy Control is used for document flow for SD Documents in SAP. You can specify copy control in SAP for certain sales document types. For example you can define new sales order type as “ZGG” and you want to use this sales order type for new delivery order which as “ZGY”. You can specify new copy control for data flow between these two sales documents. You can also specify data which you want to copy from sales order to delivery document. You can execute this process for header, item and schedule line for sales order type.

By using this function, you can copy data from reference document to be assigned document such as material number, customer number, quantity, price, sales organization, company …

There are 3 levels to execute copy control as below:

1. Data Transfer Routines

This is used for how to copy field from reference document to be assigned document

2. Copying Requirements

This checks the requirement which is met or not.

3. Switches

This is used for specific control. For example you want to copy item number or not.

You can use copy control for below source and target document as below:

Ÿ Sales document type from a sales document type Ÿ Sales document type from a billing document type Ÿ Delivery type from a sales document type Ÿ Billing doc. type from a sales document type Ÿ Billing document type from a delivery type Ÿ Billing doc. type from a billing document type

70. List a migration tool in SAP and the transaction code Performance Trace tool is a free built-in SAP tool that comes with standard SAP installations. LSMWABAP developers can activate and run Performance Trace or with its known name SQL Trace tool by calling SAP Transaction ST05.SAP Performance trace tool enables ABAP developers to monitor database access, Open SQL calls and OpenSQL commands executed on database.

It servers functions to ABAP developers to analyze performance of the SAP system.Using SQL Trace tool in SAP, it is possible to analyze and detect locking, and trace remote calls of ABAP reports and SAP transactions.

71. What is the purpose of the Account Group? 72. Transactions code SQ00 is used to create ABAP Query? 73What is the use of Variant Configuration and list a T code used for it?

Variant Configuration is useful if you have a large number of combinations of parts that go into a product. It means different permutations and combinations of the parts for same material. If you maintain a unique material code for each possible combination of parts, you require a large number of material numbers. Usually involves Make to Order Production Process

Examples: A customer ordering a computer can choose different combinations of monitor, CPU, keyboard. A customer ordering a car can choose different combinations of accessories and color in a business involving steel manufacturing, the customer may order steel involving different physical properties like tensile strength, diameter.

Variant configuration is integrated with the following applications:

CA ClassificationLO Material MasterPP Bill of MaterialPP RoutingsPP Material Requirements Planning (MRP)PP Production OrdersPP–PI Master RecipesCO CostingSD SalesSD ConditionsMM Purchasing

74During incompletion log, the following tables can be used: An incompletion log or an incompletion procedure defines how the system should respond when a sales document is incomplete – meaning some of the necessary fields are not filled up. Typical choices include forcing the user to enter the data and not let the user save the order before all the necessary fields are filled. This incompletion procedure can be assigned set to not just the sales order , but sales order line item level, schedule line level, delivery header and delivery line items. ( Incompletion log cannot be set for billing documents ) Table VBAK

o

75What are the views in Condition Master Record?

o Prices: material prices (can maintain a material price, customer specifically), price list, customer specific

o Freights: Freights Incoterm 1 + 2o Surcharges/ Discounts: for customer, for material, for pricing group, for

customer/material, (can define a discount to be dependent on the customer and the material pricing group).

o Taxes: value added taxes 76Condition Type: Defines multiple uses of the conditions. Depending on the

condition type you can have a percentage, a quantity dependent, an amount dependent surcharges and discounts.

77. Validity Period: restricts the price agreement to a certain period. 78.Condition Record: Maintain Values 79. Automatic Pricing Function: Allows you to view prices, surcharges &

discounts, freight, taxes for a business transaction. You can also change these conditions manually.

80. Pricing is performed using the Condition Technique.o Pricing can be updated on several levels during document processingo Can configure the behavior of pricing functions during updates in the

pricing type Condition technique is THE most pervasive and a very flexible methodology used

by SAP to aid the consultant in configuring complex business rules. Some modules ( SD, MM ) are more dependent on it than others. We are taking Pricing as an example here, but will not enter into the domain of Pricing (which is pretty large by itself). This article is also useful for consultants working in other modules like FICO who might require an understanding of Condition Technique before they understand Pricing

What is Condition Technique Condition Technique is an SAP configuration technique/methodology that is used

to configure complex business rules. Consider it as a Rules engine. For example, in SD it is used across multiple functionalities – Pricing, Outputs, Texts etc . In MM the same technique is used to configure Schemas (Same as Pricing).

Why is Condition Technique Used Condition technique is used when a complex, ever-changing set of business rules

need to be configured as generically as possible in the system. Nothing could capture the essence of this statement more than the complex rules that businesses use to Price their products/services. For example, in pricing, each organization has their own set of business rules including base price, margins, discounts, taxes, surcharges, deals/promotions, price lists etc. For a single system to be generic enough to cater to all of these complex needs is a challenge in itself and that is exactly what condition technique tries to solve.

Condition Technique at a Very High Level There are 7 key components of Condition Technique. Not all of the components

are used all the time. But it is beneficial to learn all of them just in case you want to solve complex problems like pricing. .

Field Catalog Field Catalog consists of all the possible set of fields that play a role in determining the business rules

Condition Table Condition table is a database table that is created from a small subset of the field catalog as part of the customization.

Access Sequence Access sequence comprises of a sequence of condition tables prioritized in a particular order.

Condition type each condition type represents a logical component of the condition technique. For example, excise tax could be one of the logical components of pricing and it could be represented using one condition type or a combination of multiple condition types.

Procedure A procedure is a combination of multiple condition types. For example, in output determination procedure, all the sequence of condition types might exist – Like EDI, Print, Fax etc.

Procedure Determination finally the procedure is assigned to the final document type that is affected by the business rule.

It may not make much heads or tails just yet. But continue to read and you will be surprised how simple and powerful this is. Condition technique could be learnt either bottom up or top-down. However, we are trying to explain it here using the bottom-up approach. Also, it is much easier to explain condition technique using a standard SAP functionality as an example. We will take the most complicated example/use (Pricing ) and that way all of the aspects of the condition technique will be covered. The menu path to be followed is under SPRO -> Sales & Distribution -> Basic Functions -> Pricing].

o

81Options for Changing Document Data:o Fast change in document: allows you to change several or all items of a

document at the same time. (Changing delivery plant or date, rejections,

setting blocks). Allows you to delivery or billing block all at once for several documents

o Changing several documents: can use the document list to change the plant, currency, material, pricing in several documents at the same time.

82. What is the purpose of maintaining common distribution channels and

divisions?o Possible for 2 areas Master Relevant Data and Condition Relevant Datao IMG->SD->MD->Define Common Distribution Channels or Divisionso VOR1o Customer or Material master can be maintained w/ respect to one

distribution channel and can be used as a reference in other DCh. It prevents the multiplication of master records.

83. What is backorder processing?

o Processing of a backorder, which in itself is a sales order that has not been confirmed in full or not confirmed at a certain delivery date.

84. What is meant by rescheduling?

o Proposal of how confirmed quantities already assigned to sales orders can be reassigned to other orders that have a higher priority, such as an earlier delivery date.

85. What is the Replenishment Lead Time?

o Time needed to produce the requested stocko Time taken for the material to be availableo Only used when doing an ATP check

86. Transfer Orders?

o Transfer of stock from the interim storage area: loading and unloading area into the warehouse

o Instructs the warehouse staff where to get the stock from and to deliver it to the interim storage area for goods issue

87. What are the five fields to be maintained in Account Determination?

Account assignment group- for customer or material 1. Sales org

2. Sales view3. Account key4. Chart of accounts 5. Company code

Account determination can be allocated with customer or material

88 . How can we delete the Sales Orders?       How can invoices be cancelled or deleted?

You cannot delete an Invoice. You can only cancel it with (VF11) if the relevant accounting document is not been generated. Ask your FI guy to reverse the accounting doc. Only after the accounting doc is reversed and/or deleted, you can cancel your invoice. You also need to check if any TAX documents are generated with your Invoice. You need to reverse/delete those documents also.

01- create, 02- change, 03- display, 06-delete, 022- maintain

Know COPY CONTROL***********Know Pricing*****

Know BAPI****Issues- offshore clients so language and time differencePGI- Post Goods Issue

Scenarios- issues and how did you solve it

Conference call–offshore- meets in person to solve communication problems and optimize the time

I don’t know but I will find out

Let them know your strength is functional- not technical

Do your homework about the company

Looking for more challenges…advancements..

Prepare questions to ask..5-7

IDOC?- IDoc (for intermediate document) is a standard data structure for electronic data interchange (EDI) between application programs written for the popular SAP business system or between an SAP application and an external program. IDocs serve as the vehicle for data transfer in SAP's Application Link Enabling (ALE) system. IDocs are used for asynchronous transactions: each IDoc generated exists as a self-contained text file that can then be transmitted to the requesting workstation without connecting to the central database. Another SAP mechanism, the Business Application Programming Interface (BAPI) is used for synchronous

Learn More SAP interface technologies

transactions.

A large enterprise's networked computing environment is likely to connect many geographically distributed computers to the main database. These computers are likely to use different hardware and/or operating system platforms. An IDoc encapsulates data so that it can be exchanged between different systems without conversion from one format to another.

IDoc types define different categories of data, such as purchase orders or invoices, which may then be broken down into more specific categories called message types. Greater specificity means that an IDoc type is capable of storing only the data required for a particular transaction, which increases efficiency and decreases resource demands.

An IDoc can be generated at any point in a transaction process. For example, during a shipping transaction process, an IDoc may be generated that includes the data fields required to print a shipping manifest. After a user performs an SAP transaction, one or more IDocs are generated in the sending database and passed to the ALE communication layer. The communication layer performs a Remote Function Call (RFC), using the port definition and RFC destination specified by the customer model. The IDoc is transmitted to the receiver, which may be an R/3, R/2, or some external system. 

IDocs:

IDocs (Intermediate Documents) are the crux of ALE. These are the documents with the help of which data is exchanged between SAP R/3 and non-R/3 systems. As the name suggests, these documents act as intermediate storage of information, which can be sent bi-directionally. Message types are responsible for creation of Idocs.

IDocs Components

Data on Internet is exchanged using data formats like IPV6 – and SAP uses a similar approach. Idocs are a well-structured medium through which data transfer takes place. Figure 3 explains the structure of Idocs.

Image Source: http:// help.sap.com

An IDoc is made up of the following parts:

1. Control Record: This section contains control information regarding the Idoc. Its constituents are Sender’s name, Receiver name, Message type and Idoc type (illustrated in figure 3). The format of the control record is similar for all IDoc types.

2. Data Segment: It consists of a header that contains the identity of the Idoc. Its constituents include, a sequential segment number, a segment type description and field containing the actual data of the segment.

3. Status records: The status record shows the information regarding the already processed stages and remaining processing stages of the Idoc. It has an identical format for each IDoc type.

Idocs Structure:

Idocs support a hierarchical structure. Figure 4 shows an Idoc, starting with the header. The header has items, which in turn have sub-items. The lowest level in the hierarchy contains the text. The end of the Idoc is represented with the help of ACCUM (means accumulate) segment. Remember that an IDoc can only contain character fields.

Figure 4: IDoc STRUCTURE

Image Source: http:// help.sap.com

BAPI-Business application programming interface- language that you write to be understood by SAP

Companies- Know the mgmt., products they sell

Project- PPL involved- 3 or 4 just SD- your role- Configuration

Duration- 9 to 5 yearsType- Long term (upgrades)/ short term(upgrades)/ enhancements/

Know the steps in LSMW What is SAP LSMW ?

Posted on January 7th, 2011

The LSMW Workbench is an  tool that supports the transfer of data from non-SAP systems (“Legacy Systems”) to SAP  R/3 systems. This can be a one-time transfer as well as a periodic one.

LSMW also supports conversion of data of the legacy system in  numerous way. The data can then be imported into the SAP R/3 system via batch input, direct input, BAPIs or IDocs.

Furthermore, the LSM Workbench provides a recording function that allows generating a “data migration object” to enable migration from any required transaction.

LSMW can be used for following 3 functions -

The main functions of the LSM Workbench are:1. Import data (legacy data in spreadsheet tables and/or sequential files)2. Convert data (from source format to target format)3. Import data (into the database of the R/3 application)

To start the LSMW workbench use transaction LSMW

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Know RICEF-Reports, Interfaces, Conversions, Enhancements and Forms

What is the work life balance?

How do you guys motivate?

RICEF Objects on SAP ProjectsRICEF represents the development objects that need to be designed and built on a SAP implementation to meet the business requirements. RICEF is an acronym for Reports, Interfaces, Conversion, Enhancements and Forms respectively. It has also been referred as FRICE or RICEFW (with W for SAP Workflow). Traditionally "Reports" in RICEF used to represent ABAP reports (ALV, Batch, simple output or interactive) but with the addition of BI and Business Objects, SAP customers have been including these transactional and analytical reports also as Reports. Same applies for "Interfaces" in RICEF. It used to represent SAP interface technologies such as ALE, IDOC, etc but now

a days SAP systems integrators include external as well as internal SAP and non-SAP system interfaces to avoid confusion for the SAP customer.

The output of the project blueprint phase is the SAP Solution Inventory which comprises of the RICEF objects together with configuration items. It is very important to understand each solution gap and properly classify the same as either a report, interface, conversion object, enhancement, form or a workflow.

Reports

Reports can include classic ABAP programs that produces simple output or ABAP programs with complex interactive user interface via ALV programming or other modern techniques. These reports may be triggered using a custom transaction code, ABAP Editor (se38), ABAP Workbench (transaction se80) or via a background job.

Consider enhancing the standard delivered SAP reports versus building new reports from scratch. If you are developing multiple reports with similarities, then consider building one robust report with dynamic APIs and different report variants to avoid duplication of design and build effort. We recommend that you keep the ABAP reports separate from the SAP BI operational and analytical reports. SAP Project Manager & RICEF Development Manager: Reports can be designed and built by ABAP developers who are not experienced in specific SAP modules client is implementing. This may help you balance your ABAP resources well and reserve the more knowledgeable senior resources for enhancements which most often requires expertise with the SAP module. Assign simple reports to junior developers and have your senior ABAP developers work on reports that have complex user interface, processing logic or heavy on data processing which may require heavy focus on architecture and performance.

Interfaces

Interface includes all the development and configuration objects that allows internal as well as external SAP and non-SAP systems to communicate with each other. What gets included in the RICEF inventory has evolved over time. Originally it used to be in strict ABAP context which included ALE, IDOC, EDI and RFC enabled communications. Nowadays with evolution of SAP PI over the years and to avoid terminology confusion for a SAP customer, all the SAP systems integration including e-SOA (Service Enabled Architecture) communication, third party / external systems integration, web interfaces, etc that are managed by SAP PI are counted as RICEF interface objects.

Take into consideration all external systems that use a single business process within ECC system so that effort to re-engineer and redesign the backend operation is minimized. Data volume also plays a major role in deciding the interface type and its

design for optimal performance. During the blueprint you should meet with the business SME and understand the normal data volume as well as peak volumes. Remember that we are deploying the SAP system to support business growth and as such data volume projection for 10-15 years into the future should be considered. Any changes to an interface or underlying business process should be followed by thorough end-to-end testing of entire interface to ensure that output, performance and data handling still adhere to the design.

SAP Project Manager & SAP PI Lead: On most projects now a days the systems integration (PI) work is mostly outsourced. Ensure that you have senior SAP PI architects working onsite directly with the client SME. Blueprint requirements gathering work should definitely be done at customer location. We highly recommend that these onsite PI architects and senior consultants design the large and complex interfaces by directly working with business teams. The build and testing can be assigned to the offshore team with at least 1:5 ratio between senior PI architect and consultants. This will ensure that business gets a quality product and you have the best resources from SI working directly with the client while maintaining the cost effectiveness using the offshore model.

Conversion

Here we include all SAP Data Conversion objects which are required to load the data from client legacy systems into your future state SAP system. It includes ABAP development and configuration tasks with SAP tools and technologies that support data conversion like BDC programming, Direct Input (DI) programs, LSMW (Legacy System Migration Workbench), Complex ABAP program to support data load, Transfer Workbench, BAPI, etc. Building a data conversion strategy, data extraction and cleansing plan are not included in the RICEF inventory and should be addressed separately on the SAP project by your Data Conversion Lead.

Some systems integrators (and outsourced vendors) build simple ABAP programs to load legacy directly into SAP database tables with direct inserts and updates. DO NOT LOAD DATA DIRECTLY INTO SAP DATABASE (DDIC). Because the data from your legacy system should systematically enter the SAP system as if the user was manually entering it using the standard SAP transactions. All business and user input validations need to occur before the data is successfully committed to the database. We recommend that you have a RICEF lead representing the SAP customer who will periodically review the data load programs and strategies to avoid unforeseen issues during business migration.

SAP Project Manager & SAP Data Conversion Lead: Make sure your project work plan includes prototyping of data loads in the sandbox to validate the cleansing of data extracted from legacy system. Most likely you will be able to use standard APIs or ABAP classes to create or modify the business objects that you need to load. Some of these objects may have been built as RICEF enhancements. Make sure you reuse them before

building from scratch. Define milestones and dependencies between legacy data extraction, transformation, prototype, trial loads and final loads.

Enhancements

Enhancements include all modifications to SAP standard delivered package components such as the user interface, system processes and output to meet business requirements of an SAP customer. Modifications to standard delivered business processes are most often implemented using user exits or business add-ins (BADI). Sometimes enhancements can include custom developed stand alone transactions or business processes. On projects where custom developed SAP solution scope (includes new DDIC, application layer and UI) is significant, a new work stream dedicated to SAP Custom Development may be introduced. Otherwise custom development objects can be included as enhancements.

SAP Project Manager & SAP RICEF Lead need to make sure that you have a well balanced team of ABAP developers working on enhancements. Architects and senior developers must have prior experience with specific modules implemented on the project as it is very important that they have sound expertise about all available user exits, BADIs, DDIC objects, etc that can be enhanced. The complex enhancements should be designed and developed by senior SAP ABAP developers. If using a offshore model, you project should have at least 1:4 ratio between these senior developers/architects and other ABAP resources. At least a third of these architects should be present onsite to effectively communicate and work with the business teams.

Forms

Forms refer to structured data that needs to be presented as output which are standardized by the business or by external regulatory entities. Forms that are required for business operations include invoices, purchase orders, policies, etc. External forms that an SAP customer may need to adopt include compliance reports, tax filing forms, state regulatory reports, etc. Forms can be built using SAPscript, Smart Forms, Adobe Forms (also Adobe Interactive Forms) or MS Office Integration. In the recent years, Adobe forms and MS Office Integration forms are becoming more popular because both are user friendly (easy to create), easy printing capabilities and both are integrated with the ABAP workbench.

On almost every SAP project we have seen set of forms which comprise of 80% common data with 20% variation depending on the recipient or business context. Systems integrator often double count these objects there by increasing your project estimates. I recommend that one form should be counted as complex object that will include the processing logic and layout which will be used as basis for other variations. All other forms should be counted as very low, low or medium complexity depending on modifications to layout and processing logic.

SAP RICEF Lead should be concious of the types of forms that will be implemented on your project. Analyze the types of forms that will be implemented as quickly as possible during the blueprint as you will need to onboard ABAP developers and technical consultants with experience in either SAPscript, Smart Forms, Adobe Forms or MS OI. Make sure you have developers who have prior experience with specific forms. 1:5 is a good ratio between Architect and developers working on RICEF Forms.

Transaction ransaction ransaction ransaction Code Code Code Code V/03 Create Condition Table V/04 Change Condition Table V/05 Display Condition Table V/06 Create/Change & Display Condition Type V/07 Create/Change & Display Access Sequence V/08 Create/Change & Display Pricing Procedure VK11 Create Condition Record VK12 Change Condition Record VK13 Display Condition Record OVKP Define Customer Pricing Procedure OVKI Define Document Pricing Procedure OVKJ Assign Document Pricing Procedure to Order Type OVTP Assign Document Pricing Procedure to Billing Type OVKK Define Pricing Procedure Determination OVSI Define Price List Categories For Customer OVSL Define Pricing Groups for Customer OVSJ Define Material Group OV31 Define Condition Exclusion Group

1. What is the purpose of text determination, account determination, partner determination, output determination,storagelocation determination Answer1:Text determination: For transferring information from material or customer to order/delvery or invoice (and anything inbetween)

Account determination: For transferring financial and costing information to proper financial docs

Partner determination: For determing who is is legally resposible for A/r, who the goods are going to and whatever else you waana drive through this functionality.

Output determination: What kinda output does a sales/delivery/billing document create and who gets it, where?. For example A partner might get an EDI notification for a sales order just confirmed, whereas a financial/leasing company gets the invoice!

Answer2:(a) Text Determination: Any Texts in Masterial Master/Material Determination/Order/Delivery , etc is meant to convey messages to the subsequent documents for compliance. e.g. "Give Top Priority" message mentioned in Order is

meant for Production Dept. (b) Account Determination:is integration between Finance and SD. The A/P along with Account Keys need to be allocated accordingly with combination of Account Determination Group for Customer and Material if required. (c) Partner Determination:To identify which type of Partner it is so that if required for same Customer different Partner Functions may be required e.g Only One Sold To Party per Customer. More than One Ship to Party/ Bill to Party/ Payer possible. Accordingly different Masters will have to be created. Useful for despatch of Material in casae of Ship to Party, sending Bill in case of Bill to Party and payment followup/Dunning in case of Payer. (d) Output Determination: What type of Output (Fax/Mail, etc) is required, where and in what Format(ABAP Customisation may be required in some cases especially Invoices). (e) Storage Location Determination: depends on Plant, Shipping Point and Storage Conditions

2. What are the five imp fields to be maintained in account determination Account Determination: Sales View, Sales Organization, Distribution Chanel, Chart of Accounts, Account Assignment Group for Customer and Material and Account Keys.

4. What is meant by transfer of data from legacy code to sap Legacy Code ? Answer1:It should be legacy data to SAP. What it means is you want to transfer all the customer and materials and all other information from Older (legacy system) to new SAP system. You can do it using many tools, most noticeably MDMs.

Answer2:Before installation of SAP, Data maintained by Company is called Legacy Data. At the time of installation, it is required to transfer Data from Legacy to SAP like Masters (Material/Customer, etc). It can be done in various ways like BDC, LSMW, etc.

5. What do you do really in pricing determination, and what are the main differences between pricing procedures? Answer1:Pricing is determined by combination of Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, Division, Customer Pricing Procedure and Document Pricing Procedure.

Answer2:We determine how the prices are calculated, taking into account sales area(sales org, distribution channel, division), document type and customer(generally sold-to-party). The main differences between pricing procedures would be the differences as we mentioned above, from the point of view of field entries. Coming to the output and the procedure, suppose the condition types used will be different and hence the following whole procedure. One pricing procedure determination to the others, which data control these differences

6. What type of reports generally a support consultant maintains and report depends on Customer requirements.

7. What are interfaces used generally an Indian organization which is in retail business and which is in banking business and oil business.

8. What is the purpose of shipping point determination not menu path So that Shipping Point is determined automatically once the settings for the same are done.

9. What and where types of copy control we change Copy Control: is basically meant so that Data is copied from preceding Document to subsequent one. What subsequent Document is required is to some extent determined by Customer Requirements as well as Document Types. e.g. In general case of Standard Order, it will be Copy Control (Order to Delivery) from OR to LF .

10. How to and where to maintain copy controls Check for yourself in IMG (Sales Document types and Delivery Document Types)

11. What is purpose of maintaining common distribution channels and common divisions Common Distribution Channel and Common Division are maintained so that if any master data like customer or material maintained with respect to one distribution channel can be used in other DCh. It prevents the multiplication of master records. Eg: A customer is created for say sales area 1000/20/00 then the same customer can be used in sales area 1000/30/00 if we maintain 20 as common distribution channel. Hence no need for extending the customers...the same for materials also.

12. What is the difference between the Availability check 01 (Daily requirement) and 02 (Individual Requirement) in material master? 01 and 02 are the checking group. Availability check is carried out with the help of these checking group and checking rule. Checking group 01 and 02 are maintained on the material master.

01 - Individual requirement -For this system generates transfers the requirement for each order to the MRP .So that MM can either produce or procure.

02- Collective requirement.-In this all the requirements in a day or in a week are processed at a time. System stores all requirements and passes on to the MRP in MRP run. In this system performance is high however you can not do the backorder processing whereas in other you can do.

Where is the "Shipping Condition" maintained in a customer master?

Shipping condition is maintained in the shipping tab under sales area data of customer master. 

The shipping condition is proposed from the sales document type if a shipping condition has been assigned to it.

If not, the shipping condition is proposed from the master record of the sold-to party.  

Shipping conditions are maintained for which partner function in customer master?

Shipping condition is maintain in Ship to Party partner function ( sales area data tab --- shipping.)

Shipping conditions will be defaulted from the CMR of SP. If a value exists in the sales document type (eg. OR) then it will have priority and will replace the value defaulted from CMR.  

Does the system takes the shipping condition twice in search of the route?

When the system search for the route it will search through route determination like this:

Shipping point*(*Sales order)** and Departure Zone **(From the order shipping point*)*+Shipping condition*(*Customer master which you enter in the order*) *+Transportation Group*(*from material master which you entered in the order**)+destination zone*(*transportation zone of the Customer in the order**)-->Route

System will determine the shipping point in the sales order based on these selection

Shipping conditions+Loading group+Plant-->Shipping point.

After determining the shipping point then only the system will start to search route.

But system will not search the shipping point while searching the route.

So shipping conditions will not consider two times while searching the route.

  What is the significance of the shipping condition and loading group?

Both the shipping condition and loading group are useful in Stock transport order.

For the Customer assigned to the receiving Plant, check the Delivering Plant in Customer master record in XD02 & check the shipping point assignment in OVXC.

Shipping point will be determined only if it is assigned to the plant from the configuration.

Shipping condition and Loading group plays a vital part for shipping point determination . The combination of shipping condition (Master data of customer /Vendor) + Loading group (material master) + Plant, determines the shipping point.

Luckily or unluckily, incompletion log does not involve the condition technique. So, for once, you dont need to learn about the condition technique.

WHAT ARE SAP OSS NOTES? This is a correction to a defect issue by sap, through changes to codes tables , configuration etc, on line support system use to manage tickets and interactions with clients.

SUPPORT (SP) packs on the other hand are a collections or bundles of sap notes.

WHAT IS A TRANSACTION CODE ? S_NOTES USED FOR. A transaction code is a four letter command that tells the system location of a task. SNOTE is a SAP transaction that applies ABAP code corrections attached to the OSS Notes. It is important that SNOTE can apply only the subset of corrections.

Interviewed Dec 2011 in New York, NY (took 3 weeks)

I got a phone interview from Ernst & Young after clearing the resume screening at the university. The phone interview was behavioral and most of the questions were based on business and leadership skills. Few questions were1) tell me about yourself2) Technologies i have worked on3) about projectsbasically more about my resume qualifications

Then, in the one on one interview i had 3 rounds2 behavioral and 1 case interview

The behavioral questions were1) tell me about yourself2) why E & Y3) Some highlights from my resume - they wanted to hear more about it4) Difficult situation i had to face when i was in a team and how i over came it5) My strengths and weaknesses6) When I had to tell something bad or stern to a team member without making them feel bad7) Tough situation as a team leader and how i over came it8) leadership scenarios

9) As a communicator, business analyst10) Some achievement in your work place that you are really proud of -- Make this answer a selling point.

Case interview :

What do you consider your main weakness?

This question may be asked during an interview at E&Y to draw out any flaws you may harbor that can affect the quality of your work. However, saying you have a drinking problem or anger management issues is a surefire way to being kicked aside. A good way to answer this tricky question is to state a ‘weakness’ which can be taken in a positive way by employers. For instance saying that you feel you can be a bit too diplomatic at times can show employers that you can work well with people in a variety of situations.

Q: Where do you see yourself in 5 years?

Sounds cliché doesn’t it? Don’t underestimate this question though. It’s always asked during interviews to judge whether you have planning skills or prefer to go where the wind takes you. You may be that individual who takes life in your stride, but you should never let your future employer think you are. Refrain from replying in the negative if you don’t want to remain unemployed. A good way to answer this tricky question is to imply that your long term plans depend on the company you’re interviewing for.  If the office you’re interviewing for has a growing base of clients in the entertainment industry, then you should say you are interested in specializing in the entertainment industry service line. This way, both you and the employer will end up smelling like roses.  You should include Ernst & Young in your response, as this is an E&Y interview question during your Ernst & young interview.  Hopefully you caught on by the redundancy how important it is to have your firm in your 5-year future.

Q: What was the reason for leaving your last job?

Be extremely careful before answering this question. A wrong answer may get you shown the door since this query has several connotations behind it. If you say that you left your previous job because of a serious flaw or weakness in your own personality, it may give employers an overall bad impression of you.

If, on the other hand, you end up badmouthing your previous boss, you may end up looking like a mulishly stubborn individual, who may not work well with others. The best way to answer this tough cookie is to imply that your last job wasn’t challenging enough for you.

What are some other questions that you are nervous about going your E&Y Interview? Let us know by leaving it in the comments below and we will either expand this post or make a new post with how to best answer the question.

Do you have any questions you want to ask me?”…”No…” Sound familiar? This question and consequent answer is one of the worst things that can happen at the end of a big 4 interview. This is a query which will be repeated in every job interview you sit for even if you are being grilled by multiple employers. A successful accounting interview with top employers like KPMG, Deloitte, PWC, and E&Y can go sour real quick if the recruiter thinks that you’re not confident enough to ask relevant questions.

This question is a golden opportunity offered by employers to mostly unsuspecting potential employees to check their confidence level and ego. Before setting off for a big 4 interview, make sure you have at least some of the following questions in mind that you may ask during or after the interview:

1.  What do you think sets your company apart?

Why you should ask this question:

This question should be asked as specifically as possible and as impressively as you can. For example if you are applying for an auditing position at Deloitte, you can ask the question this way: “What separates your auditing methodology and techniques used from those employed at E&Y, PWC, and KPMG.”  Not only will this show that you interested in the specifics of the position, it hints that you may be interested in other firms.  You are asking them to show how they stand out.

2.  How frequently do you hire in this position? Or: Why is this position available now?

Why you should ask this question:

This question will clarify what the prospective company has in mind when looking for or firing employees. The availability could be because your predecessor was let go or quit on his/her own. Being in the know regarding the circumstances of their departure will ensure that you don’t make the same mistakes they did.

3.  What are the different career advancement opportunities your company offers?

Why you should ask this question:

Asking this question will assure employers that you’re dead serious about working for them and your career. Any of them will be more than happy to hire someone who is as responsible as this question presents him/her to be as long as they have the opportunity to

keep you with them while you’re climbing their corporate ladder. The answer you receive will also determine whether you should stay with them or keep looking for better prospects.

Other Big 4 Interview Questions you may ask

Suitable questions you may ask during the interview can involve your job responsibilities and also make sure to ask them for clarification regarding anything you didn’t understand. Word to the wise, asking if you can collaborate with others can show your employers what a responsible and dedicated employee you can be. Teamwork is one if not the most important job requirement many employers look for when they hold accounting interviews or any other interviews.

1. Which components are used in a Sales Area? Sales Organization Distribution Channel Division

2. What is the relationship between plant and Sales Area? Many to Many

3. Where might it be useful to set up loading points? In the Material Master

4. How does the account group influence the screen selection? Account Group control the screen and fields required to maintain data for each customer based on customer’s role.

5. What do you have to do in order to use a customer with several sales areas? Create the customer using XD01

6. Discuss a useful scenario where different company code views are required!

7. Describe possible differences between ROH and HAWA materials. ROH is raw material and HAWA is trading goods

9. What are the main functions of Sales and Distribution? To provide goods and service to customer

11. Which kinds of Master Data exist in SD? Customer, Material, Condition Master, output Master.

12. List the t-codes for creating, changing and displaying inquiry, quotation, sales order, delivery, shipment, shipping cost document and Billing document ?Inquiry VA11,VA12, VA13, Quotation VA21,VA22,VA23,Salse Order VA01, VA02, VA03, Delivery VL01N, VL02N, VL03N, shipment VT01N,VT02N, VT03N , Shipping Cost Document VI01N, VI02N, VI03N Billing VF01, VF02, VF03

13. What is the basic structure of a sales document? Header, Item and Schedule line

14. What are the control functions of the sales document type?

15. Name three important sales document types! Inquiry, Sales Order, Delivery and Billing

16. What is the difference between cross division and division specific sales? Where is this

Defined? - at item level or at header level?

17. What does the item category control? Item category control Pricing, billing Schedule line and delivery, MRP

What does the item category control?General Data Should pricing be carried out for the item? When should an item be regarded as completed? A quotation item, for example, can only beregarded as completed if the entire quantity has been copied into a sales order. Is it an item that refers to a material or is it a text item? Are schedule lines allowed for the item? May general business data, for example, the terms of payment at the item level, deviate fromThose at the header level? Should a system message appear if the item cannot be fully delivered? Which fields are relevant for the incompletion log? Which partner functions are allowed at the item level and which are mandatory? Which output (for example, an order confirmation) is allowed for the business transaction andWhich output determination procedure is used?

Name at least three item categories?Standard Items: AFN, AGN, TAN.Free of charge Items: AFNN, AGNN, TANN.Non*stock Items: AFX, AGX, TAX.Text Items: AFTX, AGTX, TATX.

ITEM CATEGORIES:

o USE –

o TCODE – VOV4 (Assign Item Categories = IMG, S&D, Sales, Sales Doc, Sales Doc Item, Assign Item Categories)

o MP –Configure: IMG, S&D, Sales, Sales Doc, Sales Doc Item, Define Item Categories

o TAN=Standard Item; TANN-Free of Charge Item; TAX-Service Item; Stock Item, Non-Stock Item, TATX-Text Item, Document Item, Class Item, Intra Material; DIEN-Service Item

18. How is the item category determined? The system uses the item category group field of the material master record as the main indicator to determine the item category in the sales order.

19. What does an inquiry request refer to?

20. What does a quotation define?

21. Are inquiry and quotation both legally bound documents? No

22. Can a quotation be used as a reference for subsequent documents? Yes

23. What documents can be used as a reference for a sales order? Inquiry, Quotation

24. What are the four mandatory partner functions? Sold to, ship to, bill to, Payer Party

25. Which header and item partner may not differ? Why?

26. What information does the header/item area of the sales order transaction contain?

27. What organizational unit are shipping points assigned to? Plant

28. How is the shipping point determined by SAP?

How does the system determine the shipping point and the route in the sales order?A shipping point can be determined for each order item. How the shipping point is determined dependsOn three factors:The shipping conditions from the customer master record (Shipping screen). A condition might be thatThe goods are to be delivered to the customer as soon as possible.The loading group from the material master record (Sales/Plant Data screen).You could, for example,specify a loading group that defines that the goods must always be loaded with a crane or a fork lift.The delivering plant. This plant is determined per order item either from the customer master recordor from the material master record. However, you can also enter it manually for each order item. Youwill find detailed information on determining the delivering plant in the sales order in the R/3 SD online documentation on sales.

Which organizational element is central in shipping? Give a definition of it.Shipping Point: Organizational unit at a fixed location that carries out shipping activities. A shipping point could, for example, be a company's mail department or a plant's rail depot. Each delivery is processed by only one shipping point.

Can you further subdivide a plant? If yes into what?A plant can be subdivided into storage locations, allowing stocks of materials to be broken downAccording to predefined criteria, (e.g., location and materials planning aspects).A plant can be subdivided into locations and operational areas. Subdivision into locations takesgeographical criteria into account, whereas subdivision into operational areas reflects responsibilitiesfor production.

29. True or false: Every outbound delivery document is assigned to one shipping point. True

30. Which steps are parts of the shipping process? Delivery Creation, Picking, Packing, Shipment and Goods Issue

31. What delivery variants exist in SAP?

32. Is any configuration necessary to allow certain delivery variants? If yes, where is this to be?

Configured?

33. Explain manual (single, multiple) and automatic delivery creation!

34. What information does the header/item area of the delivery transaction contain?

35. What is the purpose of document copy control in SAP? How does it work?

36. How is the item category proposed for an order-independent delivery document?

37. What do the picking process / the packing process include?

38. What types of packing exist in SAP?

39. What is required to post a goods issue?

40. What effects does a goods issue have?

41. True or false: Billing documents are usually created without any reference. False

42. What does the term “delivery-related billing" mean? Creating a delivery document before creating a billing document

43. What are the three types of billing? Order related, delivery related, inter-comp. billing

44. What are the control functions of the billing document type?

45. Explain the purpose of the “pricing update" functionality of the invoice creation transaction!

46. Explain pricing in SAP using the following terms: Pricing is done based on pricing procedure, condition type, access sequence, and condition table and condition record

Sequence, condition type, and pricing procedure.

47. What are the three influencing factors to determine the pricing procedure in SAP?

48. Explain what a sales document is and its basic structure!

49. Describe the sales process!

50. Name the standard sales document types for each phase of the sales process!

51. Describe the document flow within the sales process!

43.List 3 delivery types:

o Complete Delivery- The system will only confirm a delivery date on a date when the entire scheduled, ordered quantity for that line in the sales order is available.

o Partial Delivery- one order- 2 deliveries

o Order Combination- combined orders- 1 delivery

o Consignment

What are cutover activities?Answer: Cutover activities are those activities that need to be completed prior to go live in order to have a successful go live. These are the none transportable items that needs to be maintained directly in production things like pricing condition record, route determination record, material data load, shipping point determination load. LSMW is used here SQ9: What is an account group?SA9: Screen and field selection in the customer master record are controlled by the account group.SQ10: What are some examples of account groups? Can new account groups be created?SA10: 1.) Sold-to party, Payer, Bill-to party, One-time customer2.) Yes.SQ11: Please provide examples of parameters controlled by the account groups.SA11: 1.) The interval for the account numbers 2.) Whether the number is assigned internally by the system or externally by the user (type of number assignment). 3.) Whether it is a one-time account. 4.) Which fields are ready for input or must be filled when creating and changing master records (field status)SQ5: How does the system determine the company code when a billing document is created?SA5: Based on the sales org in the order. A sales org can be linked to only one company code.SQ4: Briefly explain the relationship between sales organizations and company codes.SA4: The sales organization is an organizational unit within logistics that structures the company according to its sales requirements. It represents the selling unit as a legal entity. It is responsible for product guarantees and other rights to recourse, for example. Each sales organization is assigned exactly one company code for which you enter all accounting details of the sales organization.SQ18: What is the purpose of copy control?SA18: Copy control in sales order processing is used by the system to determine what document types, item categories, and schedule line categories may be copied into each other.SQ19: Please provide examples of different types of copy control.SA19: 1.) For Sales Documents — contracts, quotes, and orders. 2.) For Delivery Documents — from sales order to delivery 3.) For Billing Documents — sales order related billing or delivery related billing.SQ6: What is the customer material information record used for?SA6: Data on a particular material is defined for one specific customer is stored in the customer material information records.SQ7: Please provide examples of fields stored on the customer material information record?SA7: Customer-specific: material number, material description, data on deliveries and delivery tolerances, text.SQ17: How is the Item Category determined on an order?SA17: The system uses the item category group field of the material master record as the main indicator to determine the item category in the sales order.

SQ12: Please provide examples of two specific fields from the material master that are used on the order.SA12: Material Group, Product Hierarchy, Price reference material, Plant, Item category groupSQ13: Please describe how these material master fields are used on the order.SA13: 1.) Material group is basically used in Pricing. The Material group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 are used for statistical purposes. 2.) Product hierarchy: are also used for statistical purposes or Pricing. 3.) The pricing conditions maintained for the Price reference material, are also valid for the material master for which this reference material has been entered. 4.) Plant: The delivering plant from material master is defaulted into the sales order, but it can be changed in the order, provided the relevant combination of sales org + distribution Channel is assigned to the Plant in IMG customizing. 5.) Item category group: Material master has 2 fields, general Item category group and Item category group. System checks for item category group, but if it is not maintained, then it checks for General Item category group. The general item category group is maintained in Basic data of material master (common to all sales org + distribution channel +Plant combinations). The item category group is used to determine the item category in sales order item. (Item cat group + order type + higher level item cat + usage = Item category)SQ1: The Organization Structure in SD is comprised of which three elements? Collectively, what are these three elements called?SA1: Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, Division. The combination of these three elements is called a Sales Area.SQ3: Please provide two examples of organizational units that can be assigned to a company code.SA3: Sales Organization, Plant, storage location, distribution channel and divisionSQ14: What is the purpose of the partner functions? Please provide examples.SA14: Use partner functions to define the rights and responsibilities of each business partner in a business transaction. You assign partner functions when you create a customer master record for Examples: Sold-to Party, Ship-to Party, Bill-to Party, and PayerSQ15: What business partner roles are essential for sales transactions?SA15: Sold to, ship to, bill to and Payer.SQ16: How are partner functions related to account groups?SA16: Partner functions are assigned to an account group.SQ20: Describe what information can be stored on the schedule line.SA20: Confirmed quantities and dates, movement type, procurement data, material availability, staging, shipping dates.SQ21: What does the schedule line category control?SA21: Availability check, transfer of requirements, procurement.SQ22: How is the schedule line category determined by the system?SA22: item category + MRP type = Schedule line category.SQ23: Please describe what a sales document type controls and give several examples.SA23: Sales document type’s control how sales documents must function. For example, a returns order to receive goods back from a customer will function differently than a sales order or a quotation. The sales document type controls the central header details of the sales order -- for example, the pricing procedure to be assigned to the sales document, or what type of document the sales document is.

SQ24: Tell me about pricing and how pricing is done in SAPSA24: Pricing is done based on pricing procedure, condition type, access sequence, and condition table and condition recordSQ2: Describe in detail how a sales area is created?SA2: Based on the sold to party entered, the system prompts to select the sales areas that the sold to be maintained for, if the customer sales areas are allowed for the document type in question.SQ4: Briefly explain the relationship between sales organizations and company codes.SA4: The sales organization is an organizational unit within logistics that structures the company according to its sales requirements. It represents the selling unit as a legal entity. It is responsible for product guarantees and other rights to recourse, for example. Each sales organization is assigned exactly one company code for which you enter all accounting details of the sales organization.

TQ15: Which organizational unit is required specifically for ECC transportation processes?TA15: Transportation Planning Point

TQ5: How is the Route on a Sales Order determined?

TA5: The route is based on the Shipping Conditions, Transport Group, and the From-To ZoneTQ6: What’s the difference between inbound route determination and outbound route determination?A6: For outbound we do it by order and inbound we do it by delivery as there is no order on inbound but a PO

TQ3: How is the shipping point determined in a sales order?

TA3: By Plant, Loading group and Shipping conditionTQ10: Why is a shipping point used?TA10: It’s used to identify the starting point of a movement

TQ1: What is a transportation zone and what is it used for?

TA1: A geographical division used for planning and inserted whenever we have an address in logistics area such as shipping point or a vendor. It is required prior to route determination configuration.

TQ2: What is a transportation group?

TA2: It is in material master (Sales/Plant Data screen) and used to prevent materials of different groups in same delivery (this avoiding shipping together) You can use the transportation group to group together goods with the same characteristics (for example, bulky goods or goods that must be transported in refrigerated trucks).

TQ3: what is loading group and its loading group use?

TA3: it is used for route determination using the combination of ODpair, shipping condition and loading groupQ: Name the 3 factors influencing system behavior of

transportation relevance?

A: Route, Delivery item category must be checked if it’s going to be transportation relevant and the transportation relevance for delivery type indicator must be checked for a delivery type to be placed on a shipment.

SCDTQ11: For Shipment Cost, please explain how the system decides if rate by height or by distance is better?TA11: Through the use of Exclusion GroupsTA12: Do you have any question for us?

54What is your understanding of pricing and the components around it?

o Conditions- Prices, Discounts/ Surcharges, freight, taxes

o Field Catalog- contains the list of key fields

o Condition Records- Contains the value for prices, disc/surcharge, freight, and taxes-can be defined according to a scale. Can specify upper & lower limit- when prices are entered manually it has to be within these limit sou

How do you create a business blue print?

What is item proposal?

Tell me time when you were able to impress your boss Item category in MM Different P. O type

Frame work is blanket purchase order

How many partner profile In SAP and