sandwich wall panel - lindab · we reserve the right to make changes without prior notice lindab |...
TRANSCRIPT
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
2
General
Would you like a property with an attractive exterior without
needing to compromise on energy savings, sound insulation
and fire safety? Lindab's sandwich panels are prefabricated
building components that guarantee high quality and low
costs. A wide range of profiles give you the opportunity to
create a façade or roof that suits your requirements and de-
sires.
The panels are manufactured from sheet metal with a highly
insulating core of mineral wool or EPS.
Technical facts - sandwich wall panels
Thermal insulation
Lindab's range of sandwich panels includes three core types;
mineral wool and EPS. A panel with a core of mineral wool
has a non combustible core, which is preferable if there are
stringent requirements regarding fire performance.
Below is a comparison showing the core thickness required
for a variety of panel types to achieve similar U-values.
EPS (expanded polystyrene), 150 mm = 0.24 W/m2 K
Mineral wool (high-density), 200 mm = 0.20 W/m2 K
Sandwich panels and fire
Additional classes
s1 The structural element may produce a very limited
amount of combustion gases.
s2 The structural element may produce a limited
amount of combustion gases.
s3 No requirement for limited production of smoke.
d0 Flaming droplets and particles may not be pro-
duced by the structural element.
d1 A limited amount of flaming droplets and particles
may be produced by the structural element.
d2 No requirement for limited amount of flaming drop-
lets and particles.
Lindab's sandwich panels are fire-tested and rated with ref-
erence to their reaction to fire as well as their fire resistance.
This is carried out through testing and classification accord-
ing to standards SS-EN 13501-1 and SS-EN 13501-2.
Reaction to fire
This method of testing shows how a building product reacts
when exposed to high heat in the form of a direct flame, radi-
ant heat or high temperatures. Reaction to fire tests can be
performed using a variety of test methods, including the SBI
method (Single Burning Item). Parameters such as smoke
formation, heat release and any flame spread are measured
to determine the product's fire characteristics. The following
classifications for combustibility are assigned based on the
limit values achieved by the tested product:
A1 or A2 for a non-combustible material B, C, D, E for a com-
bustible material, where B is lowest combustibility.
A1 is the highest class and is not combined with any addi-
tional class. The other classes are always combined with the
following additional classes which indicate the product's abil-
ity to produce smoke and flaming droplets and particles.
Swedish standards use the following classifications for internal building surfaces:
Class I B-s1, d0
Class II C-s2, d0
Class III D-s2, d0
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
3
Technical facts - sandwich wall panelsResistance to fire
This classification concerns a building product's ability to
withstand a fire flashover. The panels are tested and assigned
a specific class based on their function:
R Load-bearing capacity
RE Load-bearing capacity and integrity (containment)
REI Load-bearing capacity, integrity and insulation
E Integrity
EI Integrity and insulation
EW Integrity and limited radiation
Tests on fire cell partitions (wall panels) are performed in a
test furnace with a 3x3 m wall, with the temperature inside
the furnace normally reaching around 1000°C. The tempera-
ture on the unexposed side is measured at a number of points
and the requirement is that the average temperature may not
increase more than 140°C generally or 180°C at one specific
point. The integrity requirement means that no flames must
penetrate the joints. The time for which the panel satisfies the
criteria is measured and the panel is rated for integrity and in-
sulation followed by a time requirement in minutes, e.g. EI 60.
Fire engineering classes
Any fire cell partitions are normally of class EI 30, irrespective
of the fire load.
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
4
Technical facts - sandwich wall panelsCore types in Lindab sandwich panels
PUR B3 – Polyurethane B3
PUR B3 is normally classed as C or D-s3, d0. A PUR B3 foam
performs less well in a fire than type B2. It emits more smoke
and produces more heat during a fire. Unlike a B2 foam, a B3
foam is not self-extinguishing.
Fibreglass
Fibreglass is normally classed as A2-s1, d0. Fibreglass is, like
mineral wool, a mineral fibre, although its fire characteristics
are not as good as those of mineral wool. Fibreglass shrinks
at high temperatures. A fibreglass panel normally achieves a
maximum rating of EI 90.
Polystyrene (not flame/fire-resistant)
Polystyrene melts at temperatures as low as 180°C and pro-
duces a lot of flaming droplets during a fire. Once the core
melts the fire can also spread unchecked inside the non
flame-resistant panel. If the panel wall is not securely fixed, it
can collapse and accelerate the fire's progress. Despite this,
EPS can be classed as d0, because only droplets and par-
ticles that fall outside the so-called 'burn zone' of approx.
300x350 mm are counted during testing. A major study has
shown that some of the greatest industrial damage of mod-
ern times in the UK has involved flame-resistant polystyrene
panels installed internally in buildings.
Mineral wool
Mineral wool is normally classed as A2-s1, d0. Panels with
a hard core of high-density mineral wool fibre generally
achieves a very high fire performance and normally produces
less smoke and heat than a panel with a polymer core. How-
ever, even a mineral wool panel is not classed as wholly non-
combustible (class A1), as the fibre core contains binders and
the core is glued to the sheets, usually with a polyurethane
adhesive. For this reason, it is classed as A2. For structures
serving as fire cell partitions, where a high fire resistance is
required, requirements are satisfied only by panels with a
mineral wool core.
PIR - Polyisocyanurate
PIR is normally classed as B-s2, d0. A PIR core is a type of
polyurethane that has undergone significant material modifi-
cation. In the event of a fire the core chars on the exposed
side; this charred layer then protects the rest of the core from
the fire. This means that a panel with a PIR core is more re-
sistant to fire than a PUR B2 core. It also emits significantly
less heat and smoke.
PUR B2 – Polyurethane B2
PUR is normally classed as B-s3, d0. Panels with a rigid pol-
yurethane core also char in the event of a fire. However, the
charred layer is not as strong as that in a PIR core and it has
a relatively low resistance to fire.
A PUR B2 core produces no flaming droplets during a fire but
does emit quite a lot of smoke. However, it usually emits less
than a corresponding EPS panel. Full-scale tests have also
shown that there is no hidden flame spread inside the panel.
Studies using real fires and full-scale tests have shown that
PUR panels are only partly involved in the early stages of the
fire and are not affected until the fire has developed fully. The
core is self-extinguishing, which means that the core stops
burning when the heat source disappears. Studies have also
shown that a PUR panel that is fixed to the framework with
a continuous mechanical fastener does not fail until the sup-
porting framework fails.
Polystyrene (EPS) Quality F (flame/fire-resistant)
Flame/fire-resistant EPS quality F is classed as E. Polysty-
rene melts at 180°C. Panels with EPS quality F produce flam-
ing droplets at the seat of the fire and can produce a lot of
black smoke. EPS quality F is involved in a fire close to the
seat of the fire provided that there is another heat source and
for as long as the EPS panel's relatively low energy content
lasts. However, the core is self-extinguishing; i.e. when the
external heat source disappears, the fire in the panel ceases.
Real examples of dramatic and long-lasting fires show that
even buildings with high energy contents (building supplies
warehouses) with walls of EPS quality F to a large extent re-
main relatively unaffected outside the fire area.
Other core types on the market
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
5
Technical facts - sandwich wall panels
As the sun heats the outside of the panel, the external metal sheet extends and the panel moves outwards. During the winter, when it is colder outside than inside, the reverse is the case. For freely mounted panels, this movement has no direct load impact.
The temperature difference to take into account depends on the colour of the external metal sheet. A light colour reflects more solar radiation than a dark one, and therefore does not become as hot.
Temperature movements
Dimensioning temperature difference Mineral wool panels
The dimensioning temperature difference between external and internal metal sheets for different colours on the external metal walls and the inner walls.
Class Temperature difference, ∆T Reflection factor interval Colour Actual reflection factor
0 20°C applies to inner walls
I 30°C 75-90% 001 Antique White 75.4
II 40°C 40-75%
045 Silver Metallic 53.5
241 Stone Grey 45.2
135 Light Yellow 58.6
185 Sand Beige 46.1
III 55 °C 8-40%
044 Anthracite Metallic 26.3
035 Grey 11.3
580 Ocean Blue 24.3
411 Bright Red 13.8
015 Black 8.6
For panels with EPS cores, colours in class I and II are recommended. Darker colours in class III should not be chosen for this type of core.
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
6
Technical facts - sandwich wall panelsDeformations temperature
Deformation in midfield of temperature difference ∆T 55° between external and internal sheet metal. For other actual temperature differences according to the table above, the table value is multiplied by ∆T/55.
Span in m
Panel 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6 6.6 7.2 7.8 8.4 9.0
50 22 26 30 35 40 45
85 13 15 17 20 23 26 29 32 36 43 51 60 70
100 11 13 15 17 19 22 25 27 30 37 44 51 59 68
120 9 11 12 14 16 18 20 23 25 30 36 43 49 57
150 7 8 10 11 13 14 16 18 20 24 29 34 39 45
175 6 7 9 10 11 13 14 16 18 21 26 30 34 40
200 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 14 15 18 22 25 29 34
240 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 18 21 24 28
300 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 16 19 22
Deformations load
Deformation (meters) in midfield of surface load 1.0 kN/m2. For other loads, the table value is multiplied by the actual surface load.
Q
Span in m
Panel 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6 6.6 7.2 7.8 8.4 9.0
50 29 38 48 60 75 92
85 13 16 20 25 30 37 44 53 62 86 117 155 202
100 10 13 16 19 24 28 34 40 48 66 88 117 152 194
120 8 10 12 15 18 21 25 30 35 48 64 85 109 139
150 6 7 9 11 13 15 18 21 25 33 44 58 74 94
175 5 6 7 9 11 12 15 17 20 27 36 46 59 74
200 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 15 21 28 36 46 57
240 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 16 21 27 34 42
300 2 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8 11 14 18 22 28
Deformation (meters) in midfield of linear load 1.0 kN/m2. For other loads, the table value is multiplied by the actual linear load.
F
Span in m
Panel 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6 6.6 7.2 7.8 8.4 9.0
50 14 17 20 23 27 31
85 6.4 7.4 8.5 9.8 11 13 14 16 18 22 28 33 40
100 5.2 5.9 6.8 7.7 8.7 9.9 11 12 14 17 21 25 31 36
120 4.1 4.6 5.2 5.9 6.7 7.5 8.4 9.3 10 13 15 19 22 26
150 3.0 3.4 3.9 4.3 4.8 5.4 6.0 6.7 7.4 8.9 11 13 15 18
175 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.1 7.3 9 10 12 14
200 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.8 5.8 6.8 8.1 9.5 11
240 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.7 4.4 5.2 6.1 7.1 8.2
300 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.8 20 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.5
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
7
Technical facts - sandwich wall panels
1,25
1,8
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0Maks2,1m
1,15
1,35
1,0
BTG-sokkel
1,0
1,25
1,8
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0Maks2,1m
1,15
1,35
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
Min 3,0m
Min 2,2m
Min 1,2m
1,15 1,35 1,0 1,35 1,15 1,0 1,0
1,15 1,35 1,6 2,0 2,0 1,35 1,35
1,15 1,35 1,35 1,35 1,35 1,15 1,0
1,15 1,35 1,0 1,35 1,15 1,35 1,0 1,35 1,15 1,35 1,35 1,35 1,35 1,35 1,35 1,35 1,35 1,15
1,15 1,35 1,0 1,5 1,5 1,0 1,35 1,15
1,15 1,35 1,0 2,0 1,0 1,35 1,15 1,0
1,35 1,35 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,35 1,35 1,15
1,15
Holes for windows, doors etc.
Multiplication factors Ff for holes
Holes leads to an increased load on adjacent panels. The increased load can be taken into account by multiplying the wind load for the adjacent panels by a multiplication factor Ff
Ff depends on a number of standard cases below. Unless otherwise stated, it has been assumed that the size of the hole in the breadth direction of the panel bhole = 1.2 m. bpanel = covering width panel (m)
For smaller hole widths, the factor Ff which affects the adjacent panel can be reduced to Ff = 1+0.35 bhole/bpanel
In addition, the panel joints must be able to cope with transfer-ring the shear force between panels. This is fulfilled if the dimensioned wind load before load increase is a maximum of 1.5 x (bpanel/ bhole) kN/m2. If the loads cannot be managed, the wall must be reinforced.
Holes leads to increased deformations of the panels, which in addition vary along the sides of the drill holes. This should be taken into account during the structural design process so that, for example, sensitive windows are not damaged.
Without reinforcement, the maximum recommended frame breadth for vertical panels and frame height for horizontal panels is bpanel.
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
8
Installation tools
Tools and technical aids for mounting panels
Lindab have developed lifting yokes clamps to make lifting wall and roof panels easier. For additional information and advice,
please contact Lindab.
Product facts - sandwich wall panels
P-LIFTING YOKE STA Lifting yoke vertical installation
P-LIFTING YOKE LIGG Lifting yoke horizontal installation
P-LIFTING YOKE STA IN Lifting yoke vertical installation indoors
Panel max. load kg/lifting yoke
50 200
85 200
100 200
120 200
150 250
175 250
200 250
240 250
300 250
The heaviest panel in the delivery determines the number of lifting
yokes.
A maximum of four lifting yokes can be used in the same lift.
Panel 0 max. load kg/lifting yoke
85 300
100 300
120 300
150 300
175 300
200 300
240 300
300 300
Panel max. load kg/lifting yoke
50 200
85 200
100 200
120 200
Lifting yoke for mineral wool panels
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
9
Fasteners
Fasteners are a very important part of any construction pro-
ject involving sandwich panels. At Lindab you will find a com-
plete range of fasteners for use with different materials in any
environment.
Our stainless steel screws for mounting panels on purlins and
steel profiles have been type-approved for use up to and in-
cluding corrosion class C4. Approval denotes an estimated
technical life of as much as 50 years.
The range also includes products such as external flashing
fastenings and panel washers.
For more information, see the chapter Fasteners.
Product facts - sandwich wall panels
Fittings and lightweight steel purlins
Lindab has a wide range of standard fittings for our sandwich
panels, see pages 22 – 29.
Special profiles adapted to the specific project's needs can
also be produced. Contact Lindab for further information.
Other accessories
We also have a wide range of carefully selected accessories
for our sandwich panels, such as caulking, joint compounds,
various types of seal profile etc.
Contact Lindab for further information and advice.
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
10
Decorative profiles mineral wool panels
600 Decorative Profile
200 Decorative Profile
Random Decorative Profile
Decorative Profile 6 mm wide and 1 mm deep, repeated every 200 mm.
Decorative Profile 7 mm wide and 3 mm deep, repeated every 600 mm.
Decorative Profile with 8 mm wide and 2 mm deep, irregular profiling.
General mineral wool panels
Lindab's mineral wool panels have a core of mineral wool in
different densities, but with a few exceptions are also avail-
able with an EPS core. The cores have different advantages
as regards fire class, security, insulation, weight etc. See the
tables for detailed information. Panels from 150 mm are avail-
able as security panels (not EPS).
Lindab's standard panel has a core of mineral wool and an
outside and inside of 0.6 and 0.5 mm sheet metal respec-
tively. The minimum standard length is 1.0 m. Lengths down
to 0.55 m can be delivered as options. The maximum panel
length is 6.0-12.2 m depending on the type and thickness.
See the data for the relevant panel.
Product facts - sandwich wall panels
200
1 mm
6
utsi
de
600
3 mm
6 utsi
de
2 mm
utsi
de
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
11
1200T Thin Decorative ProfileFlat panel with a narrow profile on one side edge of the panel. Gives a discreet decorative line every 1200 mm.
18ut
side
= inside and outside = inside only = outside only
1200W Wide Decorative ProfileFlat panel with a broad, V-shaped profile along one side edge. Gives a bold shadow effect every 1200 mm.
1200XW Xtra Wide Decorative ProfileFlat panel with an extra wide, V-shaped profile along one side edge. Gives a wide decorative line with bold shadow effect every 1200 mm.
1200
8 mm
Decorative profiles mineral wool panels
Product facts - sandwich wall panels
1200
3 mm
utsi
de18
utsi
de
1200
8 mm
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
12
Product facts - options, sandwich wall panels
Intrusion protection
Sandwich panels with intrusion protection
Good intrusion protection should impede and deter intruders.
Lindab's security classed panels deter intruders. The patent-
ed system with built-in reinforcement in the element makes it
very difficult to break through.
The element fulfils the requirements of protective class 2 in
accordance with Svensk stöldskyddsförening's regulation
SSF 200 – "Rules for mechanical intruder protection".
The solution is available with all patterns and combinations
for mineral wool elements with 150 mm thickness and above.
No compromise in terms of performance in general is re-
quired.
Foodsafe
Foodsafe is a food classed foil coating used for interior walls
and ceilings in food premises. Premises such as commercial
kitchens, preparation and manufacturing premises, ware-
house and storage premises require areas that are light, easy
to clean and with surfaces that do not emit hazardous sub-
stances.
The foil is a 150 μm thick polymer foil which is glued to the
sheet metal. It has the best properties in terms of ability to
resist mechanical wear and strong detergents
The coating is non-toxic and resistant to mould. The foil is
highly watertight, durable, easy to clean, chemically inert and
approved for use in the same premises as unpackaged food-
stuffs.
However the foil cannot be used outdoors as it yellows in the
sun's UV light.
outs
ide
Micro 25 Decorative ProfileDecorative panel with 2 mm deep waves, repeted every
25 mm.2
25
Decorative profiles mineral wool panels
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
13
Fire-resistant joints
A fire-resistant joint is an addition in the upper part of the
panel, in the form of a fire-resistant strip that expands at high
temperature. This fire-resistant joint can give a fire class up
to EI 180.
Thicker sheet metalIf there are higher demands on bearing capacity due to high
wind loads or large spans, the sheet metal thickness can be
increased to 0.6 mm internally.
Perforated 1200
Acoustic panel intended for noise reduction indoors.
Panels for inner walls with one side fully perforated.
Cannot be used as exterior wall!
Product facts - options, sandwich wall panels
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
14
Option
Contact your Lindab representative for more information regarding possible options.
Intrusion protection A patented system with built-in reinforcement in the element which fulfils requirements in protection class 2.
Foodsafe A 150 µm polymer coating that is free from toxins and resistant to mould. It is durable, easy to clean, chemically inert and approved for use in the same premises as unpackaged foodstuffs. Colour white.
0.6 mm internally Thicker sheet metal than standard.
Noise reducing Perforated inside for noise absorption. Not for exterior walls.
P-MW LIGHT Mineral wool panel
Product characteristics
Thickness
mm
U-value
W/m2K
Airborne sound
insulation dBFire isolation class Reaction to fire
Max rec length
m
Dead load
kg/m2
85 0.44 34 ‒ A2-s1,d0 6.01) 15
100 0.38 35 EI 30 A2-s1,d0 8.01) 16
120 0.32 34 EI 30 A2-s1,d0 10.01) 18
150 0.26 33 EI 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 20
175 0.22 32 EI 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 22
200 0.19 32 EI 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 24
240 0.16 32 EI 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 27
300 0.13 32 EI 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 31
1) Maximum recommended length with respect to manageability
Product facts - sandwich wall panels
ExternalSheet metal thickness (tnom):Tensile yield limit fty:
0.6 mm280 N/mm2
Hot galvanised steel (zinc weight):
275 g/m2
Surface layer:Environmental class:
25 μm PeC3
Standard colour: see page sid <?>
Decorative Profile: 200, Standard
600
1200
1200W
1200XW
Random
Tettebåndi skjøt
Type of core: Mineral wool 75 kg/m3
Covering width: 1197 mm
InternalSheet metal thickness (tnom):Tensile yield limit fty:
0.5 mm280 N/mm2
Hot galvanised steel (zinc weight):
275 g/m2
Surface layer:Environmental class:
25 μm PeC3
Standard colour: 001 Antique White
Decorative Profile: 1200, Standard
200
Perforated
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
15
Product facts - sandwich wall panelsMaximum span L (m) for mineral wool panel P-MW LIGHT
The values apply under the following conditions:
Single span. Support width 60 mm per end. Sheet metal thickness outside 0.6 mm. Sheet metal thickness inside 0.5 mm.
Wind load in ultimate limit state.Safety class 1. Combined wind and temperature load checked in ultimate limit state at deformation L/100.Colour group III. Complies with SS-EN 14 509 and SS-EN 1990.
Dimensioning wind load Qd,ULS (kN/m2) towards panel wall (wind pressure)
Load combina-
tion
Panel
thick-
ness
Mm
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4
L
85 7.60 7.18 6.77 6.23 5.77 5.40 4.71 3.93 3.37 2.95 2.62 2.36 2.14 1.96
100 8.70 8.12 7.39 6.75 6.25 5.84 5.23 4.60 3.94 3.45 3.07 2.76 2.51 2.30
120 10.47 9.07 8.11 7.40 6.85 6.41 5.73 5.23 4.74 4.14 3.68 3.31 3.01 2.76
150 11.72 10.15 9.08 8.29 7.68 7.18 6.42 5.86 5.13 4.49 3.99 3.59 3.27 2.99
175 12.54 10.86 9.72 8.87 8.21 7.68 6.87 6.27 5.42 4.74 4.21 3.79 3.45 3.16
200 13.56 11.74 10.50 9.59 8.88 8.30 7.43 6.76 5.79 5.07 4.51 4.06 3.69 3.38
240 14.40 12.47 11.15 10.18 9.43 8.82 7.89 7.20 6.32 5.53 4.92 4.43 4.02 3.69
300 15.56 13.48 12.05 11.00 10.19 9.53 8.52 7.78 7.12 6.23 5.53 4.98 4.53 4.15
Dimensioning wind load Qd,ULS (kN/m2) from panel wall (wind suction)
Load combina-
tion
Panel
thick-
ness
Mm
-0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6 -1.8 -2.0 -2.2 -2.4
L
85 7.60 7.18 6.77 5.60 5.18 4.85 4.34 3.93 3.37 2.95 2.62 2.36 2.14 1.96
100 8.70 8.12 6.64 6.06 5.61 5.25 4.69 4.28 3.94 3.45 3.07 2.76 2.51 2.30
120 9.40 8.14 7.28 6.65 6.15 5.76 5.15 4.70 4.35 4.07 3.68 3.31 3.01 2.76
150 10.53 9.12 8.15 7.44 6.89 6.45 5.77 5.26 4.87 4.49 3.99 3.59 3.27 2.99
175 11.26 9.75 8.72 7.96 7.37 6.90 6.17 5.63 5.21 4.74 4.21 3.79 3.45 3.16
200 12.18 10.55 9.43 8.61 7.97 7.46 6.67 6.09 5.64 5.07 4.51 4.06 3.69 3.38
240 12.93 11.20 10.02 9.14 8.46 7.92 7.08 6.46 5.99 5.53 4.92 4.43 4.02 3.69
300 13.97 12.10 10.82 9.88 9.15 8.56 7.65 6.99 6.47 6.05 5.53 4.98 4.53 4.15
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
16
Option
Contact your Lindab representative for more information regarding possible options.
Intrusion protection A patented system with built-in reinforcement in the element which fulfils requirements in protection class 2.
Foodsafe A 150 µm polymer coating that is free from toxins and resistant to mould. It is durable, easy to clean, chemically inert and approved for use in the same premises as unpackaged foodstuffs. Colour white.
0.6 mm internally Thicker sheet metal than standard.
Noise reducing Perforated inside for noise absorption. Not for exterior walls.
P-MW BASE Mineral wool panel
Product characteristics
Thickness
mm
U-value
W/m2K
Airborne sound
insulation dBFire isolation class Reaction to fire
Max rec length
m
Dead load
kg/m2
85 0.46 31 - A2-s1,d0 8.51) 17
100 0.40 32 El 30 A2-s1,d0 10.01) 18
120 0.33 31 El 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 20
150 0.27 30 El 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 23
175 0.24 29 El 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 24
200 0.20 29 El 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 27
240 0.17 29 El 60 A2-s1,d0 12.2 31
300 0.14 29 El 60 A2-s1,d0 11.41) 36
1) Maximum recommended length with respect to manageability
Product facts - sandwich wall panels
ExternalSheet metal thickness (tnom):Tensile yield limit fty:
0.6 mm280 N/mm2
Hot galvanised steel (zinc weight):
275 g/m2
Surface layer:Environmental class:
25 μm PeC3
Standard colour: see page sid <?>
Decorative Profile: 200, Standard
600
1200
1200W
1200XW
Random
Type of core: Mineral wool 90 kg/m3
Covering width: 1197 mm
Tettebåndi skjøt
InternalSheet metal thickness (tnom):Tensile yield limit fty:
0.5 mm280 N/mm2
Hot galvanised steel (zinc weight):
275 g/m2
Surface layer:Environmental class:
25 μm PeC3
Standard colour: 001 Antique White
Decorative Profile: 1200, Standard
200
Perforated
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
17
Product facts - sandwich wall panelsMaximum span L (m) for mineral wool panel P-MW BASE
The values apply under the following conditions:
Single span. Support width 60 mm per end. Sheet metal thickness outside 0.6 mm. Sheet metal thickness inside 0.5 mm.
Wind load in ultimate limit state.Safety class 1. Combined wind and temperature load checked in ultimate limit state at deformation L/100.Colour group III. Complies with SS-EN 14 509 and SS-EN 1990.
Dimensioning wind load Qd,ULS (kN/m2) towards panel wall (wind pressure)
Load combina-
tion
Panel
thick-
ness
mm
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4
L
85 7.90 7.50 7.20 6.87 6.45 6.04 5.40 4.93 4.43 3.88 3.44 3.10 2.82 2.58
100 9.00 8.55 8.10 7.54 6.98 6.53 5.84 5.33 4.94 4.54 4.03 3.63 3.30 3.02
120 11.70 10.14 9.07 8.28 7.66 7.17 6.41 5.85 5.42 5.07 4.78 4.37 3.97 3.64
150 13.11 11.35 10.15 9.27 8.58 8.03 7.18 6.55 6.07 5.68 5.35 4.85 4.41 4.04
175 14.02 12.15 10.86 9.92 9.18 8.59 7.68 7.01 6.49 6.07 5.70 5.13 4.67 4.28
200 15.16 13.13 11.74 10.72 9.93 9.28 8.30 7.58 7.02 6.57 6.12 5.51 5.01 4.59
240 16.20 14.03 12.55 11.46 10.61 9.92 8.87 8.10 7.50 7.02 6.61 6.04 5.49 5.03
300 17.65 15.28 13.67 12.48 11.55 10.81 9.67 8.82 8.17 7.64 7.20 6.83 6.21 5.70
Dimensioning wind load Qd,ULS (kN/m2) from panel wall (wind suction)
Load combina-
tion
Panel
thick-
ness
mm
-0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6 -1.8 -2.0 -2.2 -2.4
L
85 7.93 7.50 6.84 6.26 5.79 5.42 4.85 4.43 4.10 3.83 3.44 3.10 2.82 2.58
100 9.03 8.81 7.91 6.77 6.27 5.87 5.25 4.79 4.43 4.15 3.91 3.63 3.30 3.02
120 10.51 9.10 8.14 7.43 6.88 6.44 5.76 5.25 4.87 4.55 4.29 4.07 3.88 3.64
150 11.77 10.19 9.12 8.32 7.71 7.21 6.45 5.89 5.45 5.10 4.81 4.56 4.35 4.04
175 12.59 10.91 9.75 8.90 8.24 7.71 6.90 6.30 5.83 5.45 5.14 4.88 4.65 4.28
200 13.61 11.79 10.55 9.63 8.91 8.34 7.46 6.81 6.30 5.90 5.56 5.27 5.01 4.59
240 14.55 12.60 11.27 10.29 9.52 8.91 7.97 7.27 6.73 6.30 5.94 5.63 5.37 5.03
300 15.84 13.72 12.27 11.20 10.37 9.70 8.68 7.92 7.33 6.86 6.47 6.14 5.85 5.60
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
18
Option
Contact your Lindab representative for more information regarding possible options.
Intrusion protection A patented system with built-in reinforcement in the element which fulfils requirements in protection class 2.
Foodsafe A 150 µm polymer coating that is free from toxins and resistant to mould. It is durable, easy to clean, chemically inert and approved for use in the same premises as unpackaged foodstuffs. Colour white RAL 9010.
Fire-resistant joints A fire-resistant strip on the upper part of the panel which expands at high temperatures.
0.6 mm internally Thicker sheet metal than standard.
Noise reducing Perforated inside for noise absorption. Not for exterior walls.
P-MW PLUS Mineral wool panel
Product facts - sandwich wall panels
Product characteristics
Thickness
mm
U-value
W/m2K
Airborne sound
insulation dBFire isolation class Reaction to fire
Max rec length
m
Dead load
kg/m2
50 0.84 30 - B-s1,d0 5.01) 15
85 0.50 30 - B-s1,d0 8.51) 19
100 0.43 30 El 30 B-s1,d0 10.01) 20
120 0.36 29 El 60 B-s1,d0 12.2 23
150 0.29 28 El 60/EI 1802) B-s1,d0 12.2 26
175 0.26 28 El 60/El 1802) B-s1,d0 12.2 29
200 0.22 28 El 60/El 1802) B-s1,d0 12.2 32
240 0.18 28 El 60/El 1802) B-s1,d0 11.21) 36
300 0.15 28 El 60/El 1802) B-s1,d0 9.41) 43
1) Maximum recommended length with respect to manageability
2) Applies with fire-resistant joints (see option below)
ExternalSheet metal thickness (tnom):Tensile yield limit fty:
0.6 mm280 N/mm2
Hot galvanised steel (zinc weight):
275 g/m2
Surface layer:Environmental class:
25 μm PeC3
Standard colour: see page sid <?>
Decorative Profile: 200, Standard
600
1200
1200W
1200XW
Random
Type of core: Mineral wool 115 kg/m3
Covering width: 1197 mm
Tettebåndi skjøt
InternalSheet metal thickness (tnom):Tensile yield limit fty:
0.5 mm 280 N/mm2
Hot galvanised steel (zinc weight):
275 g/m2
Surface layer:Environmental class:
25 μm PeC3
Standard colour: 001 Antique White
Decorative Profile: 1200, Standard
200
Perforated
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
19
Product facts - sandwich wall panelsMaximum span L (m) for mineral wool panel P-MW PLUS
The values apply under the following conditions:
Single span. Support width 60 mm per end. Sheet metal thickness outside 0.6 mm. Sheet metal thickness inside 0.5 mm.
Wind load in ultimate limit state.Safety class 1. Combined wind and temperature load checked in ultimate limit state at deformation L/100.Colour group III. Complies with SS-EN 14 509 and SS-EN 1990.
Dimensioning wind load Qd,ULS (kN/m2) towards panel wall (wind pressure)
Load combina-
tion
Panel
thick-
ness
mm
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4
L
50 4.88 4.70 4.55 4.28 4.40 4.18 3.98 3.84 3.30 2.89 2.57 2.31 2.10 1.93
85 7.94 7.58 7.28 7.03 6.80 6.62 6.45 5.62 5.20 4.87 4.48 4.03 3.66 3.36
100 9.10 8.66 8.28 7.97 7.74 7.45 6.66 6.08 5.63 5.27 4.97 4.71 4.29 3.93
120 10.62 10.10 9.66 9.31 8.74 8.17 7.31 6.67 6.18 5.78 5.45 5.17 4.93 4.72
150 12.75 12.15 11.58 10.57 9.78 9.15 8.19 7.47 6.92 6.47 6.10 5.79 5.52 5.28
175 15.99 13.85 12.39 11.31 10.47 9.79 8.76 8.00 7.40 6.92 6.53 6.19 5.90 5.65
200 17.29 14.97 13.39 12.22 11.32 10.59 9.47 8.64 8.00 7.49 7.06 6.70 6.38 6.11
240 18.21 15.77 14.10 12.88 11.92 11.15 9.97 9.10 8.43 7.88 7.43 7.05 6.72 6.44
300 19.95 17.28 15.45 14.11 13.06 12.22 10.93 9.98 9.24 8.64 8.15 7.73 7.37 7.05
Dimensioning wind load Qd,ULS (kN/m2) from panel wall (wind suction)
Load combina-
tion
Panel
thick-
ness
mm
-0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6 -1.8 -2.0 -2.2 -2.4
L
50 4.88 4.70 4.55 4.28 4.40 4.18 3.98 3.82 3.30 2.89 2.57 2.31 2.10 1.93
85 7.94 7.58 7.28 7.03 6.61 6.18 5.53 5.05 4.67 4.37 4.12 3.91 3.66 3.36
100 9.10 8.66 8.28 7.72 7.15 6.69 5.98 5.46 5.06 4.73 4.46 4.23 4.03 3.86
120 10.62 10.10 9.28 8.47 7.84 7.34 6.56 5.99 5.55 5.19 4.89 4.64 4.43 4.24
150 12.75 11.62 10.40 9.49 8.79 8.22 7.35 6.71 6.21 5.81 5.48 5.20 4.96 4.74
175 14.36 12.43 11.12 10.15 9.40 8.79 7.86 7.18 6.65 6.22 5.86 5.56 5.30 5.08
200 15.52 13.44 12.02 10.98 10.16 9.51 8.50 7.76 7.19 6.72 6.34 6.01 5.73 5.49
240 16.35 14.16 12.66 11.56 10.70 10.01 8.96 8.18 7.57 7.08 6.67 6.33 6.04 5.78
300 17.91 15.51 13.88 12.67 11.73 10.97 9.81 8.96 8.29 7.76 7.31 6.94 6.62 6.33
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
20
Option
Contact your Lindab representative for more information regarding possible options.
Foodsafe A 150 µm polymer coating that is free from toxins and resistant to mould. It is durable, easy to clean, chemically inert and approved for use in the same premises as unpackaged foodstuffs. Colour white.
0.6 mm internally Thicker sheet metal than standard.
P-EPS Expanded Polystyrene Panel
EPS core - density 20 kg/m3
Thickness
mm
U-value
W/m2K
Airborne sound
insulation
dB
Reaction to fireMax rec length
m
Weight
kg/m2
85 0.41 24 E 12.2 12
100 0.35 24 E 12.2 12
120 0.29 24 E 12.2 12
150 0.24 24 E 12.2 13
175 0.21 24 E 12.2 13
200 0.18 24 E 12.2 14
240 0.15 24 E 12.2 15
300 0.12 24 E 12.2 16
Product facts - sandwich wall panels
ExternalSheet metal thickness (tnom):Tensile yield limit fty:
0.6 mm280 N/mm2
Hot galvanised steel (zinc weight):
275 g/m2
Surface layer:Environmental class:
25 μm PeC3
Standard colour: see page sid <?>
Decorative Profile: 200, Standard
Random
Type of core: EPS 20 kg/m3
Covering width: 1197 mm
InternalSheet metal thickness (tnom):Tensile yield limit fty:
0.5 mm280 N/mm2
Hot galvanised steel (zinc weight):
275 g/m2
Surface layer:Environmental class:
25 μm PeC3
Standard colour: 001 Antique White
Decorative Profile: 1200, Standard
200
Tettebåndi skjøt
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
21
Product facts - sandwich wall panelsMaximum span L (m) for EPS panel P-EPS
The values apply under the following conditions:
Single span. Support width 60 mm per end. Sheet metal thickness outside 0.6 mm. Sheet metal thickness inside 0.5 mm.
Wind load in ultimate limit state.Safety class 1. Combined wind and temperature load checked in ultimate limit state at deformation L/100.Colour group III. Complies with SS-EN 14 509 and SS-EN 1990.
Dimensioning wind load Qd,ULS (kN/m2) towards panel wall (wind pressure)
Load combina-
tion
Panel
thick-
ness
mm
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4
L
85 7.80 7.37 7.08 6.77 6.80 6.34 6.34 5.40 5.00 4.68 4.41 4.18 3.95 3.62
100 8.90 8.44 8.07 7.73 7.46 7.16 6.40 5.84 5.41 5.06 4.77 4.53 4.31 4.13
120 10.95 9.84 9.40 9.02 8.39 7.85 7.02 6.41 5.94 5.55 5.23 4.97 4.73 4.53
150 12.65 11.85 11.12 10.15 9.40 8.79 7.87 7.18 6.65 6.22 5.86 5.56 5.30 5.08
175 15.36 13.30 11.90 10.86 10.06 9.41 8.41 7.68 7.11 6.65 6.27 5.95 5.67 5.43
200 16.61 14.38 12.87 11.74 10.87 10.17 9.10 8.30 7.69 7.19 6.78 6.43 6.13 5.87
240 17.82 15.44 13.81 12.60 11.67 10.91 9.76 8.91 8.25 7.72 7.28 6.90 6.58 6.30
300 19.51 16.90 15.11 13.80 12.77 11.95 10.69 9.76 9.03 8.45 7.97 7.56 7.21 6.90
Dimensioning wind load Qd,ULS (kN/m2) from panel wall (wind suction)
Load combina-
tion
Panel
thick-
ness
mm
-0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6 -1.8 -2.0 -2.2 -2.4
L
85 7.80 7.37 7.08 6.77 6.35 5.94 5.31 4.85 4.49 4.20 3.96 3.76 3.58 3.43
100 8.90 8.44 8.07 7.42 6.87 6.43 5.75 5.25 4.86 4.54 4.28 4.06 3.87 3.71
120 10.95 9.84 8.92 8.14 7.54 7.05 6.31 5.76 5.33 4.99 4.70 4.46 4.25 4.07
150 12.65 11.17 9.99 9.12 8.44 7.90 7.06 6.45 5.97 5.58 5.26 4.99 4.76 4.56
175 13.79 11.95 10.69 9.75 9.03 8.45 7.56 6.90 6.39 5.97 5.63 5.34 5.09 4.88
200 14.91 12.92 11.55 10.55 9.76 9.13 8.17 7.46 6.90 6.46 6.09 5.78 5.51 5.27
240 16.00 13.86 12.40 11.32 10.48 9.80 8.77 8.00 7.41 6.93 6.53 6.20 5.91 5.66
300 17.52 15.17 13.57 12.39 11.47 10.73 9.60 8.76 8.11 7.59 7.15 6.79 6.47 6.19
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
22
Product facts - accessories, sandwich wall panelsP-PIL4I Corner flashing, internal
85
20
85
20
33
P-PIL4 Pilaster 4
thickness 0.6 mm170
20
33
thickness 0.6 mm
P-HB1 Corner flashing for pilaster
PM TYKKELSE + 80
PM T
YKKE
LSE
thickness 0.6 mm
Panel B C
50 80 160
85 80 160
100 100 180
120 120 200
150 150 230
175 175 255
200 200 280
240 200 330
300 200 380
P-PIL3 Pilaster 3P-PIL1 Pilaster 1
thickness 0.6 mm thickness 0.6 mm
P-PIL6 Pilaster 6 P-PIL6FS Mounting rail, Pilaster 6
thickness 0.6 mm
Pilaster P-PIL6 is used
with mounting rail P-
PIL6FS.
thickness 0.5 mm
Mtrl Galva-nized
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
23
Product facts - accessories, sandwich wall panels
Length on all profiles/flashing according to current price list.
P-PIL7 Pilaster 7 P-PIL7FS Mounting rail, Pilaster 7
thickness 0.6 mm
Pilaster P-PIL7 is used
with mounting rail P-
PIL7FS.
thickness 0.6 mm
Mtrl Galva-nized
P-PIL8B Pilaster 8BP-PIL8A Pilaster 8A
thickness 0.6 mm thickness 0.6 mm
Pilaster P-PIL8 is used
with mounting rail P-
PIL8FS.
P-PIL8T Top for Pilaster 8P-PIL8FS Bracket, Pilaster 8
thickness 0.6 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
thickness 0.6 mm
Top for pilaster P-PIL8 A
and P-PIL8 B.
P-PIL9 Pilaster 9
P-PIL10 Pilaster 10
P-PIL9FS Bracket, Pilaster 9
P-ELHO Panel corner
thickness 0.6 mm
Pilaster P-PIL9 is used
with mounting rail P-
PIL9FS.
thickness 0.6 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
thickness 0.6 mm B 200-400 mm
thick-ness
0.6 mm
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
24
Length on all profiles/flashing according to current price list.
Product facts - accessories, sandwich wall panels
P-SYLL Sill horizontal panel
Panel B
50 35
85 71
100 85
120 105
150 135
175 155
200 185
240 225
300 285
thickness 1.0 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
P-SYLLEC Sill runner "Eco-syll", galv
B
4000
14Panel B Kb
150 135 161
175 155 181
200 185 211
240 225 251
300 285 311
P-SYLLB3 Sill flashing
B 50-300 mm
thick-ness
0.6 mm
A° as required.
P-SYLLB1 Sill flashing
thickness 0.6 mm
Base cover flashing to wall on
insulated concrete plinth.
Standard sill flashing to sill run-
ner P-SYLLEC and P-SYLL.
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
25
Length on all profiles/flashing according to current price list.
Product facts - accessories, sandwich wall panels
P-SYLLST Sill, vertical panel
Panel t B
85 1.0 86
100 1.0 100
120 1.0 120
150 1.0 150
175 1.0 171
200 1.5 200
240 1.5 240
300 1.5 300
P-SYLLB2 Sill flashing
thickness 0.6 mm
thickness 1.0 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
Only colours 001 and
015. Only hot galv for
thickness 1.5 mm.
P-FOTP Foot profile
thickness 1.0 mm
surface treatment
Painted
001 Antique White.
Panel B
50 52
85 87
100 102
120 122
P-KARMB Frame flashing
Panel B C
50 52 52
85 87 52
100 102 57
120 122 57
150 152 67
175 173 67
200 202 67
240 242 67
300 302 67
thickness 1.0 mm
Only colours 001 and
015.
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
26
Length on all profiles/flashing according to current price list.
Product facts - accessories, sandwich wall panels
P-KL Clamping strip
P-FSK1 Mounting rail
P-HR Corner rail
thickness 0.6 mm
Mtrl Galva-nized
thickness 2.0 mm
Mtrl Galva-nized
B 87-302 mm
thick-ness
1.0 mm
surface treat-ment
Galvanized
P-KRONP Coping cover
P-KRONB1 Coping cover
P-KRONB2 Coping cover
P-HBI Corner flashing innerP-HBY Corner flashing outer
B 117-332 mm
thick-ness
1.0 mm
NOTE Only colours 001
and 015.
thickness 0.6 mm
B = 100 - 250
B 117-332 mm
thick-ness
0.6 mm
thickness 0.6 mm
B C
50-200 50-200
thickness 0.6 mm
B C
50-200 50-200
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
27
Product facts - accessories, sandwich wall panels
P-KARMVI 82 Frame angleP-FSK Mounting rail
innv. mål
B 140-302 mm
thick-ness
1.5 mm
surface treat-ment
Galvanized
thickness 2.5 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
P-OMSPR Enfoldment profile
Panel B
85 86
100 100
120 120
150 150
175 171
200 200
240 240
300 300
thickness 2.5 mm
surface treatment
Galvanized
P-FB 120 Mounting plate side joint
thickness 1.25 mm
surface treatment
Galvanized
Panel B
85 74
100 88
120 108
150 138
175 159
200 188
240 228
300 288
P-PELAR 1000 Column proof extension
thickness 0.6 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
P-FP 100 Mounting plate window
thickness 1.25 mm
surface treatment
Galvanized
Panel B
50 45
85 81
100 95
120 115
150 145
175 166
200 195
240 235
300 295
P-TACKB1 Cover flashing
B
60
75-295
thickness 0.6 mm
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
28
Product facts - accessories, sandwich wall panels
P-TACKB4 Cover flashing P-TACKB5 Cover flashing
B 140-220
thickness 0.6 mm
A° as required.
B 140-220
thickness 0.6 mm
A° as required.
P-FBL2000 Fixing cleat
P-OBES Head flashing
P-KANTB Edge flashing window
P-TACKB3 Cover flashing window
P-TAKAPR Ceiling connector
P-TACKB2 Cover flashing
thickness 0.6 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
thickness 0.6 mm B 25-125
thickness 0.6 mm
B 20-100
C 60-150
thickness 0.6 mm
thickness 1.0 mm
NOTE thickness 1.0 only
in colour 001 and 015.
B 224-424
thickness 0.6 mm
A° as required (112°).
Length on all profiles/flashing according to current price list.
We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice
lindab | wall
29
Product facts - accessories, sandwich wall panels
Length on all profiles/flashing according to current price list.
P-ANSL-S Large connection support P-ANSL-L Small connection support
thickness 1.25 mm
surface treatment
galvanized interior coating
A° = 90° + roof pitch.
B° = 156° + roof pitch.
NOTE thickness 1.25
only in galvanized or
interior white.
thickness 1.25 mm
surface treatment
galvanized interior coating
A° = 90° + roof pitch.
B° = 156° + roof pitch.
NOTE thickness 1.25
only in galv or interior
white.
P-HB2 Corner flashing
P-EUR Single purlin
P-ANSL2 Connection support part 2
P-DUR Double purlin
(mak
s 80
mm
)thickness 1.25 mm
surface treatment
galvanized interior coating
NOTE thickness 1.25
only in galv or interior
white.
thickness 1.5 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
B° = 156° + roof pitch.
thickness 0.6 mm
thickness 1.25 mm
surface treatment
galvanized interior coating
NOTE thickness 1.25
only in galv or interior
white.
P-FV1 Angle profile
thickness 1.25 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
A° as required.
P-UPHPRO Suspension profile
thickness 1.5 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
P-TPLAT Cover plate
thickness 0.6 mm
P-FBL1 Fixing cleat
thickness 0.6 mm
surface treatment
Galva-nized
A° as required.
www.lindab.com
At Lindab we simplify construction for our
customers. We do that by designing easy-
touse products and solutions, as well as
offering efficient availability and logistics.
We are also working on ways to reduce our
impact on our environment and climate. We
do that by developing methods to produce
our solutions using a minimum of energy and
natural resources, and by reducing negative
effects on the environment. We use steel in
our products. It’s one of few materials that
can be recycled an infinite number of times
without losing any of its properties. That
means less carbon emissions in nature and
less energy wasted.
We simplify construction