sammy seminar slides 2

8/12/2019 Sammy Seminar Slides 2

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A SEMINAR PROJECT

ON

IMPORVED SEPERATOR DESIGN BY

NJOKU SAMUEL DE. 2008/1178


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INTRODUCTIONThe term separator in oilfieldterminology designates a pressurevessel used for separating well fluids produced from oil and gas wells into

gaseous and liquid components. Aseparator for petroleum production isa large vessel designed to separate

production fluids into their constituentcomponents of oil, gas and water .(Maston, 2011).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vesselhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vesselhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_wellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crude_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crude_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_wellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_wellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_wellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vesselhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vesselhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vessel


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OBJECTIVES OF

SEPARATION Removal of contaminates Maximizing oil production Meeting transport/customer

specification Meeting for loyalty required removed

before meeting


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A separating vessel may be referredto as follows;

Oil and gas separatorStage separatorKnock out vessel

Flash chamber (flash vessel or flashtrap)Expansion separator or expansion

vesselScrubbed (gas scrubber)Filter (gas filter)


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Efficiency of separator design, the followingfactors should be considered;

Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)Operating pressure (OP)Reliable field data for the designSpecial internal devices as far separationproblem envisagedDesign to achieve optimum separation of liquidand vapourAnticipated field conditions.Quality and required specification of products(Arnold Steward, 2008).


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SEPARATOR CONTROL

The separator control required foroil and gas separators are liquidlevel controllers for oil andoil/water interface (three phaseoperations) and gas back pressurecontrol value with pressurecontroller. Below is the diagram ofthree phase separators.


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DIAGRAM OF THREE PHASE SEPERATOR


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CORRESPONDING EQUIPMENTS OF SEPARATOR DESIGN

Valve is required for oil and gas separator such as; Oil discharging control valve Drain value Pressure relief valve Emergency shutdown value (ESD) Accessories Pressure gauges Thermometer Pressure reducing regulators Level sight glasses Safety head with rupture disk

Piping and tubing (Nasser Abdulaziz and Dwaipayan Bora, 2011).


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SEPARATOR OPERATING PROBLEMS Foaming crude Tiny sphere (bubbler) of gas encased in

thin oil film that come out of solution They occur either on the liquid surface

or evenly dispersed in suspension in theliquid to foam foaming oil.


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SAFETY FEATURES FOR OIL AND

GAS SEPARATOROil and gas separators should be installed at asafe distance from other lease equipment,where they are installed on offshore platformsor in close proximity to other equipment,precautions should be taken to prevent injury topersonal and damages to surrounding equipmentin case the separator or its controls oraccessories fail. (Sadoun Mutar Bezea Al-Khaledi, 2011).


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RECOMMENDED SAFETY FEATURES This improved the efficiency of personal and the operation

of the field with corresponding increase in productionsuch as; High and low liquid level controls It opens a by-pass around the separator Sound a warning alarm

High and low pressure controls Control of mechanical interference Electrical and can sound a warning High and low temperature controls High to shut in the unit To open or close a by-pass to a heater Safety relief valves Serve primarily as a warning


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OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE FOR OILAND GAS SEPARATOR

Over the life of a production system, theseparation is expected to process a wide range ofproduced fluid wit breakthrough from water floodand expanded gas lift circulation; the producedfluid water cut and gas-oil ratio is ever changing for

instance, the separator fluid loading may exceedthe original design capacity of the vessel. Its operational maintenance and consideration are asfollows;Periodic inspection

Installation of safety deviceLow temperatureCorrosive fluids


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GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS/CONCLUSION Oil water separators are typically considered verysimple devices, however, several factors that couldpotentially affect safety, efficiency and propermanagement must be given carefully considerationsuch as;

Flow rate

Design capacityEmulsifying agentsMaintenance practicesSuitability of oil/water separator system toprocessContaminants contained in the waste water stream(Jesse Yoder, 2000).

sammy seminar slides 2

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