safety and efficacy of daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin for the treatment of...
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Safety and Efficacy of Daclatasvir Plus Sofosbuvir With or Without Ribavirin for the
Treatment of Chronic HCV Genotype 3 Infection: Interim Results of a Multicenter
European Compassionate Use Program
Welzel TM,1 Petersen J,2 Ferenci P,3 Gschwantler M,4 Herzer K,5 Cornberg M,6 Schott E,7 Berg T,8 Spengler U,9 Weiland O,10 van der Valk M,11 Geier A,12
Rockstroh JK,9 Peck-Radosavljevic M,3 Zhao Y,13 Jimenez-Exposito MJ,14 Zeuzem S1
1Universitätsklinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, Frankfurt, Germany; 2IFI Institut für Interdisziplinäre Medizin, Hamburg, Germany; 3Medizinische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria; 4Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria;
5Universitätsklinikum Essen (AöR), Essen, Germany; 6Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany; 7Charité Universitätmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; 8Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; 9Universitätsklinikum
Bonn, Bonn, Germany; 10Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 11Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; 12Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; 13Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Hopewell, NJ, USA; 14Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
The Liver Meeting 2015®San Francisco, CA, 13–17 November 2015 Mercury-Nr: 1392DE15NP07880-03
Date of preparation: Nov-2015
2
Background
■ Treatment of HCV genotype (GT) 3-infected patients is a challenge, with urgent need of effective antiviral therapies1
■ The pan-genotypic, 12-week, all-oral, RBV-free regimen of DCV and SOF achieved 96% SVR12 rates in GT 3-infected noncirrhotic patients (ALLY-3)2
■ Optimized treatment for GT 3-infected patients with advanced liver disease remains a medical need
■ Here we report interim findings on the combination of DCV + SOF RBV in HCV GT 3-infected patients with advanced liver disease enrolled in the European DCV compassionate use program (CUP; AI444-237)3
RBV, ribavirin; DCV, daclatasvir (NS5A inhibitor); SOF, sofosbuvir, (NS5B inhibitor); DAA, direct-acting antiviral.1. Pol S, et al. Liver Intl 2014;34:(18–23); 2. Nelson D, et al. Hepatology; 2015;61(4):1127–1135; 3. EU CUP, AI444-237; ClinicalTrials.gov
identifier NCT02097966.
European DCV Compassionate Use Program
Inclusion criteria■ Age ≥ 18 years with no treatment options
■ High risk of hepatic decompensation or death within 12 months if left untreated
– Or urgent need of viral clearance(extrahepatic manifestations/comorbidities)
Exclusion criteria■ Creatinine clearance ≤ 30 mL/min
■ Pregnancy or not using contraception
Primary objective: To provide access to DCV to patients with life-threatening chronic HCV infection who have no other treatment options
3
Week 24# Week 36Day 1
DCV (60 mg)* + SOF (400 mg) ± RBV# Follow-Up
SVR12‡
Primary endpoint
Additional Optional Follow-Up
Week 48 Week 72
SVR24
#Addition of RBV and shorter duration of treatment at the discretion of the physician
*Dose adjusted for concomitant ARVs‡HCV RNA < LLOQ, TD or TND at post treatment Week 12 (next value carried backward approach)
4
All Treated GT 3-Infected Patients
N = 102
Efficacy PopulationN = 82
Excluded from this interim analysis, N = 20a
■ Did not reach posttreatment Week 12, n = 7 ■ Missing data (not caused by death or
treatment discontinuation due to AE), n = 13
Safety PopulationN = 102
Populations and Statistical Analysis(Interim Analysis)
■ Primary Efficacy Analysis (mITT): – Patients with missing data who died, discontinued treatment due to AEs, or had
virologic breakthrough/relapse before posttreatment Week 12 were classified as failures
■ Safety Analysis: – Clinical (AEs, serious AEs, AEs leading to discontinuation, and deaths) and laboratory
abnormalities
a All patients had HCV RNA < LLOQ, TD or TND, at EOT (Week 24) or at the last available assessment.
All Treated PatientsN = 485
5
Demographics and Baseline Characteristics
ParameterDCV + SOF
N = 62DCV + SOF + RBV
N = 40All Patients
N = 102Age, median (range) yr 54.5 (33–75) 55 (31–62) 55 (31–75)Male, n (%) 41 (66) 28 (70) 69 (68)White, n (%) 56 (90) 34 (85) 90 (88)HCV RNA log10 IU/mL, median (range)a 5.4 (0–6.9) 6.0 (0–7.1) 5.6 (0–7.1)
HCV RNA ≥ 2,000,000 IU/mL, n (%)a 8 (13) 13 (33) 21 (21)Cirrhosis, n (%)b 51 (82) 36 (90) 87 (85)
Child-Pugh class, n (%)a,c
A 23 (45) 18 (50) 41 (47)B 18 (35) 16 (44) 34 (39)C 9 (18) 2 (6) 11 (13)
MELD score median (range)a 10.0 (6–20) 11.0 (6–22) 10.0 (6–22)MELD score > 15, n (%)a,c 6 (12) 3 (8) 9 (10)
ALT, median (range) IU/La 52 (15–372) 59 (19–211) 56 (15–372)Total bilirubin, median (range) mmol/L 21 (5–99) 26 (7–74) 22 (5–99)Albumin, median (range) g/La 35 (18–50) 34 (22–50) 34 (18–50)Platelet count, median (range) × 109/La 86 (23–378) 75 (32–273) 75 (23–378)Prior HCV therapy, n (%) 34 (55) 26 (65) 60 (59)Liver transplant recipient, n (%) 4 (6) 4 (10) 8 (8)HIV coinfection, n (%)a 9 (15) 6 (15) 15 (15)HBV coinfection, n (%)a 4 (6) 1 (3) 5 (5)a Excludes patients with missing data; b Cirrhosis diagnosed by liver biopsy (Metavir > F3, Ishak > 4, or the equivalent), n=9; FibroScan
(> 14.6 kPa), n=48; or FIB-4 score (> 3.25), n=30. Cirrhosis status indeterminate/not reported, n=8: DCV + SOF, n=5; DCV + SOF + RBV, n=3;c Percentages based on cirrhotic patients.
0
20
40
60
80
100 86 88 87
Primary Efficacy Analysis – SVR12 (mITT)
6
Not Achieving SVR12 7 4 11Breakthrough 1 0 1Relapse 3 3 6Discontinuation (AE) 0 1 1Deatha 3 0 3
4249
7182
2933
DCV + SOF
DCV + SOF + RBV
All Patients
Breakthrough: confirmed on-treatment HCV RNA ≥ 1 log10 IU/mL over nadir, or ≥ LLOQ if previously < LLOQ, TD or TND; Relapse: confirmed HCV RNA ≥ LLOQ during any posttreatment visit following HCV RNA < LLOQ, TD or TND, at end-of-treatment;a Includes 1 patient who died during follow-up period; HCV RNA < LLOQ at post-treatment Week 10.
HCV
RN
A <
LLO
Q, T
D o
r TN
D%
± 9
5% C
I
Cirrhosisᵃ A B C < 10 10 to 15 > 150
20
40
60
80
10088
100
8075
100
80 8086 85 86
100
89 88
100
SVR12 (mITT) in Patients With Cirrhosis
7
DCV + SOF DCV + SOF + RBV
HCV
RN
A <
LLO
Q, T
D o
r TN
D, %
3742
2529
1919
1215
1214
1620
68
Child-Pugh Class MELD Score Categoryb
1113
22
45
22
1517
89
1717
a Excludes 4 patients with indeterminate cirrhosis status (1 DCV+SOF; 3 DCV+SOF+RBV); all achieved SVR12; cirrhosis was absent in 5 patients (4 DCV+SOF; 1 DCV+SOF+RBV); all except 1 (DCV+SOF) achieved SVR12;
b Excludes 1 cirrhotic patient with missing baseline MELD data; patient discontinued therapy at Week 4 due to AE (non-SVR12).
8
SVR12 (mITT) by Subgroup
DCV + SOF DCV + SOF + RBV
< 2 × 10⁶ ≥ 2 × 10⁶ Naive Exp'd 12 wks 24 wks0
20
40
60
80
10083
100 100
8391
82 86 8690 92
100 100 100
8171
92
HCV
RN
A <
LLO
Q, T
D o
r TN
D, %
3542
1820
77
1112
33
44
1921
1212
2328
1721
56
55
HCV RNA, IU/mLa Prior HCV therapy
Duration of treatmentb
67
57
3642
2426
a Excludes 1 patient with missing data at baseline (relapse).b Duration of therapy estimated based on time of exposure to program therapy: 6 patients initiated SOF + RBV before adding DCV;
12 week arm includes 4 patients who received treatment <10 Weeks (3 D/C due to AEs; 1 death); 1 achieved SVR12.
Liver txp recipients
HIV coinfected
patients
Changes in Liver Disease Parameters From Baseline to Post-Treatment Week 12
10Data indicate median, IQR, range.
ALT
Baseline Follow-up0
25
50
75
100
300400
IU/L
Total Bilirubin
Baseline Follow-up0
25
50
75
100
125
mol
/L
Albumin
Baseline Follow-up0
102030405060
g/L
Platelets
Baseline Follow-up0
100
200
300
400
plat
elet
s ×
109 /L
Albumin Platelets
ALT Total Bilirubin
n = 100 n = 69
n = 87 n = 60
n = 75 n = 56
n = 101 n = 70
On-Treatment Safety Summary
Patients, n (%)DCV + SOF
N = 62DCV + SOF + RBV
N = 40All Patients
N = 102Total AEs 40 (65) 28 (70) 68 (67)Serious AEs 14 (23) 7 (18) 21 (21)
Treatment-related serious AEs 2 (3) 2 (5) 4 (4)AEs leading to discontinuation or death 3 (5) 3 (8) 6 (6)
Death 2 (3) 0 2 (2)Most frequent AEs (≥5% of patients)
Fatigue 8 (13) 4 (10) 12 (12)Nausea 4 (6) 6 (15) 10 (10)Anemia 2 (3) 11 (28) 13 (13)
Treatment-emergent grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities
Hemoglobin < 90 g/L 3 (5) 4 (11) 7 (7)ALT > 5 × ULN 0 0 0AST > 5 × ULN 0 0 0Total bilirubin > 2.5 × ULN 1 (2) 4 (15) 5 (7)Creatinine > 1.8 × ULN 0 0 0
10
On-Treatment Safety Summary
Patients, n (%)DCV + SOF
N = 62DCV + SOF + RBV
N = 40All Patients
N = 102Treatment-emergent serious AEs
Pancytopenia 1 (2) 1 (1)Hepatocellular carcinoma 1 (3) 1 (1)Hepatic encephalopathy 1 (2) 1 (1)Circulatory collapse 1 (3) 1 (1)
AEs leading to discontinuation or deatha
Multiorgan failureb 2 (3) 0 2b (2)General physical health deterioration 1 (3) 1 (1)Pneumonia 1 (2) 1 (1)Hepatic encephalopathy 1 (2) 1c (1)Dyspnea 1 (3) 1c (1)Circulatory collapse 1 (3) 1c (1)
a Includes more than 1 event in some patients.b Deaths: multiorgan failure/pneumonia (n=1), multiorgan failure/liver failure (n=1); none were considered treatment-related.c Reported as treatment-related.
Summary and Conclusion
■ In a real-life clinical setting, DCV + SOF ± RBV achieved high SVR rates (87%) in HCV GT 3–infected patients at high risk of hepatic decompensation or death – 87% SVR12 in cirrhotic patients (including decompensated cirrhosis)
– Comparable SVR12 rates with or without RBV in the regimen
■ Improvements in liver function were observed
■ DCV + SOF ± RBV was generally safe and well tolerated
– Few discontinuations due to AEs, treatment-related serious AEs, or grade 3/4 laboratory abnormalities
■ These findings suggest that DCV + SOF RBV is an effective and well tolerated oral treatment for patients with GT 3 infection, including those with most advanced disease
11
Acknowledgments
■ The authors thank the patients and their families, and physicians and research staff at all program sites
■ Editorial support was provided by J Bergen of Articulate Science and was funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb
■ ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT02097966
12
14
Characteristics of Patients With Virologic Failure
Baseline Characteristicsa
Pt
Reason for VirologicFailure
Prior HCVTherapy
HCV RNA (log10 IU/mL)
Fibrosis Stage/
Cirrhosis
Child-Pugh Class
MELD Score
Treatment Regimen
Therapy Duration
(Weeks)
1 Relapse Experienced 5.2 F3 - - DCV+SOF 24
2 Relapse Experienced 5.6 - - - DCV+SOF 24
3 Relapse Experienced - Cirrhosis A 9 DCV+SOF+RBV 24
4 Relapse Experienced 6.0 Cirrhosis A 13 DCV+SOF+RBV 7b
5 Relapse Experienced 5.4 Cirrhosis B 11 DCV+SOF 24
6 Relapse Experienced 6.6 Cirrhosis B 11 DCV+SOF+RBV 24
7 Virologic breakthroughc Experienced 5.7 Cirrhosis B 12 DCV+SOF 24
a No patients were HIV/HCV coinfected or liver transplant recipients; b Discontinuation due to AE at Week 7; HCV RNA > LLOQ at posttreatment Week 12;c Patient never undetectable during treatment.