safe and effective prescribing 2014 pharmacy department
TRANSCRIPT
Policies and guidance relating to medicines
• Policy on Governance Arrangements relating to Medicines• Medicines Policy• Procedure for allergies, idiosyncrasies to medicines and food• Delayed and omitted doses of medicines• Policy for medicines reconciliation on admission of adults to
hospital• Rules relating to all activities involving CDs• Guidelines for patient self-administration of medicines• Antimicrobial policy• Anticoagulation guidelines
Medication Practice CommitteeMedicines Management Policy setting group
Cornwall Area Prescribing CommitteeFormulary and Clinical Guidelines Group
Medication Safety GroupReview and learning from datix etc
Committees
The Medicines PolicySafe, standardised and secure method of handling medicines
You need to know your responsibilities around medicines
• Prescribing
• Ordering
• Preparation and administration
AllergyProcedure for allergies, idiosyncrasies to medicines and food
• Every patient needs a documented allergy status• JAC has a NKDA button• No patient should be prescribed, supplied or administered
without being complete – including outpatient prescriptions• Re-confirm on each admission
Allergy - Errors
• Since the implementation of EPMA we have had 2 incidents of patients receiving medicines that they are allergic to
•Patient was documented as allergic to tramadol on EPMA and the prescriber overrode the warning to continue to
prescribe it.
•NKDA was entered incorrectly onto EPMA, as the patient was allergic to penicillin. They were prescribed penicillin and developed a rash.
Missed dosesDelayed and omitted doses of medicines
• Reasons have to be entered on to EPMA for any missed doses• Prescribers must be alerted after missing 1 dose of a critical medicine
or 2 doses of any other medicine• Critical medicines should not be omitted
Antibiotics, Antifungals, AntiviralsAnticoagulantsImmunosuppressantsParkinson’sAnti-epileptic medicationsInsulinResus medicinesDesmopressin
• Missed doses report sent to wards and pharmacists
Missed Doses of Desmopressin• Patient with diabetes insipidus admitted without her
desmopressin tablets• Next morning, ordered by nurses but non-stock order form
lost – ?never reached pharmacy• Following morning ordered again and supplied, but patient
had already missed 48 hours• Patient hypernatraemic, vigorous rehydration but
deteriorated and died
Medicines Reconciliation“A complete list of medicines, accurately communicated”
• An up to date and accurate list of medicines that patients were taking prior to admission
• Documenting any discrepancies, changes, deletions and additions
Medicines Reconciliation - errorPatient with lupus and lung disease on an increasing dose of mycophenolate mofetil and was written up for both doses of (both 750mg bd and the next dose increase 1g bd).
Medication was transcribed from printed list sent from GP surgery without checking BNF, checking patients current drug packets or asking patients wife (who had sheet stating exactly what dose should be taken) what dose of mycophenolate was appropriate.
This resulted in an overdose
Antibiotics
• Antibiotic stewardship protocol – to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use
• Start SMART then focus• Must follow Trust guidelines• Ensure review dates especially for Tazocin• Include indication and Stop/review date• Restricted list or not as per policy need micro approval
and a documented code• Right antibiotic/Right time• Antibiotic webpage and new app
Antimicrobials –do not delay
• Patients with sepsis must have the first dose prescribed and administered within one hour
• How to obtain restricted antibiotics
AnticoagulationThrombosis prevention, investigation and management of
anticoagulation guidance
• Our Trust uses dalteparin as LMWH• VTE risk assessment must be completed – part of
JAC• Weigh the patient for treatment doses• ACS policy – fondaparinux and ticagrelor• Rivaroxaban/dabigatran/apixaban - care on
admission
Insulin
• All patients should have an insulin passport
• Patients should be assessed for the self-administration of insulin
• 4 Trusts in the SW have recently had incidents with insulin for hyperkalaemia
Controlled Drugs Rules relating to all activities involving CDs
Ward, Theatre and department SOPs for CDs
• Accountable Officer – Andrew MacCallum (Director of Nursing)
• Procedures
• Usage monitored
• CQC registration and NHSLA
Pharmacy: Sources of advice• Ward pharmacist• Medicines Information x2587• Hospital protocols - intranet link Quick Links : clinical
guidelines• Antibiotic Policy• BNF• Smart apps (Athens log-in)
ReportingMedication error reporting
• DATIX system• we try to learn from errors• Medicines Safety Group review trends
Adverse Drug Reaction reporting• Use MHRA yellow cards when appropriate, as well as DATIX
Other policies• Injectable Medicines Policy• Policy for patient self-administration of medication by
competent patients• Non-medical prescribing Strategy
Paperless prescribing and medicines administration A major investment by the trust in patient safety
A key step in the move to a complete electronic patient record for new patients by 2015.
Immediate benefits to staff• Legible prescriptions
• Remote prescribing
• No more chart re-writes
• No more looking for charts
• Information about the drugs at the point of administration
• No more drug charts to pharmacy
• Clear signatures for prescriptions and administrations
• Administration information from previous stays available at any time
The benefits so far…
• The trust now scores 100% for allergy documentation• Prescribers no longer have to re-write drug charts or
transcribe TTAs, one of the high risk prescribing activity's• Restricted prescribing by role e.g. nurses can only
prescribe set homely remedies• Remote prescribing cuts down night time floor walk