VOL. XV. MANINING. S. C,- WEDNESDAY., JANUARY 10-1004NO 7

OUR GALLANT DEADThe Men South Carolina Sent

Into the Civil:War.

THE LIVES THAT WERE GIVEN

Valuable Historical Facts and

Figures From the State His-

torian's Annual Report to

the Legis!ature.The annual report of the State his-

torian of public records has been pre-sented and handed to Gov. McSweeneyfor transmission to the general asseim-

bly. The report covers S9 I rintedpu es of as valuable matter-as has ever

gone into a report to the general assem-

semibly. It is full of information thathas been collected during many yearsand put in condensed form now forthe first time. Col. Thomas prelitirary report reads as follows.To His Excellency, M. B. Mcsweeney,

Governor of South Carolina.Sir: I have the honor to submit

through you to the general assemblymy annual report for the .ear 1S99.The last general assembly having

Made n3 Irovision for the continuanceOF the important work of this office. itwas in view of much unfinished busi-ness connected therewith, outside ofthe completion of the rolls, that Ideemed it my duty to keep the officeopen and to prosecute my labors on myown responsibility, a a voluntary con-tribution to the Confederate history ofthe State, and especially to the cause

of the rank and file of a noble soldiery.To this end I have addressed myselfchiefly to the further collection Lf war

papers and to such data as would illu-minate the Confederate rolls I placedmyself as far as practicable in commu-nication with the leading survivingrepresentatives of each organization,infantry, cavalry and artillery. Of the64 communicated with, about one-halfonly made response. The result ofmy year's work appears in the follow-ing elaborate paper.

It will be seen that the account ofthe raising of troops in South Carolinafor State and Confederate service-1861-65-which is herewith presentedas the joint work of Mr. W. J Riversand myself, is an important contribu-tion to the history of the part taken bythe State in the Confederate War, andthat taken by the troops furnished bythe State to the southern Confederacy.Much credit is due to Mr. Rivers, theeminent historian and educator, for hisshare in the "account." This paperthrow3 a flood of light upon the Con-federate rolls, and lays broad and deepthe foundation of the sketch which hasbeen designed by legislative action toaccompany the publication thereof,when this publicaii.: b-hall be orderedby the general assea&

As a further resub .if my servicesfor the year ending IS! I report thecollection of much addita' ai data fromSouth Carolina in the war for southernindependence and constitutional liber-ty-such as the following:The unveiling of the mzural tabiet,

Dec. 20, 1898.Brownfield-a sketch of Lieut. G n.

Anderson.McMaster's sketch of Eiliot s biigade

at Crater.Hudson's sketch of the Twenty sixth

regiment.Simons' sketch of thec Twenty-sev-

enth regiment.Mattison's sketch of Orr a Rifles.Tributes to the late Col G. MoD

Miller.Coker's History-Co - ," Sixth S C

V inantry; Co "G," Nirnth S C Y in-fantry, C~S A.

A. Barron Holmes' sketch of Palmet-to Guard.

Colcock's account of the baitde ofIhoney Hill.

Wells' paper on the causes of thewar.

Courtenay's fragments of war his-tory.News and Courier's war papers-Con-

federate reunion, May, 1899.Unveiling shaft to unknown dead-

October, 1899.Our dead at Point Lookout.The following additional rolls have

been received:Co A, Twentieth regiment. S C V.Co K, Seventh regiment, S C Y.Co E, Second regiment, S C Y.Co A (Richland Volunteer Ritle Co)

First regiment, S C V, Gregg's.Co A (Calhoun Guard). Twenty Sev-

enth regiment, S C V.Darlington Guards, 1861l.The roll of "individual record' has

been augmented by the addition ofeight names.The rolls having been practically

completed, I would regard my duty notfully done, if I did not repeat the re-commnendation,- here tofore made, thatthey be publisheda duly edited. and ac-companied, agreeably to dhe originalscheme of the general assembly, ap--.roved Dec. 20, 1893., by such a sketchas that contained in the one herewithaubmitted in the "account," supple-miented by a concise statement of thee ar record of each of the~orgarniz tionsfrom South Carolina that participatedin our heroic struggle.As to the approxate cost of the

publication of the rolls. I submit here-with the estimates furnished, at my re-1uest, by a reputable printig house inthe State:

EsTIMATE NO. 1.With reference to the publication of

the rolls, I have looked carefully overthe matter, and believe that the besthape would be to set in nonpariel ty pe,

-ize of page 7 3-S inches by 11. Thewidth of the column is such that wewould put the head of cach page onthe eleven inch side-that is, the sideof the book, and read down one pageand then down the other. Allowingfor 106 pages of introductory mna:ter,title pages, indexes, etc., added to therolls as per specifications which y ogave me, the book will make threeolumes, about 800 pages each. I pro-pse to put them ea thin, stroag paper,o that they wilh not be too bulky, andbind the volumnes in c'o:h. la thisstyle they would cost as follows.1,000 copies, about $5 000.2,000 copies, about $7,000.s,0nopines about $12,000

ESTIMATE No 2.RFeferring to the publicatiou of the

rolls, we shall be pleased to furnish thesame, with the names only, withoutthe recora, and allowing about 120pages for roll of general field staff offi-cers and the narrative matter, boundin paper. If set in small pica type:

1,000 copies, $1.200.2,000 copies, $1 600.5,000 copies, $2,875.We could set in a little smaller type

than the above (brevier,) it and wouldreduce the cost somewhat, say:

1,000.copies, $1,100.2,000-copies, $1,300.5,000 copies, $2,350.They could be bound in a very fair

quality of cloth cases for about $180per 1,000 copies. You could try theedition in paper, and that would ensurethe publication, and parties desiring to

get them could have them bound more

substantially afterwards.These estimates are submitted to the

judgement of the general assembly. Idesire only to add that the publicationof the names alone, leaving out the de-scriptive part on each roll, while re-

specting economical conditions, wouldin my view meet the requirements ofthe proposed publication. This wholemitter, however, is a question for thegeneral assembly to determine upon itsresponsibility to the people of SouthCarolina, and there I am content toleave it.Having fulfilled to the full measure

of my abiliiy and my opportunity thetrust momiatted to me, October, 1897,by the late Governor Ellerbe, and thegeneral assembjly having shown no dis-position to consummate the work as

originally outlined and designed, I nowsubmit to you the resignition of myoffice, with a high appreciation of theinterest that your excellency has shownin my labors.

I have the honor to be, yoursrespectfully. Jno. P. Thomas.The "account" covering South Caro-

lina's part in the Civil Was is entitled"The Raising of Troops in South Caro-lina for State and Confederate service"and Part One deals with "The begin-ning of the War between the States inSouth Carolina." It makes interestingreading. The names of the officers ofall the commands are given.

Part Two deals with the '-volunteersfor Qonfederate service and State ser-vi, e to the close of the year 1861."Part Three is entitled "Volunteeringcontinued-conscription, reenlisting of12 months' troops, and reorganizationin the spring of 1862."The "account" concludes thus:"It has been seen that up to August,

1862, 45,000 were computed to haveentered the Confederate service fromthis State."

This is the revelation of the rolls atthis time:The official records in the office of

the State historiar of Confederaterecords show that South Carolina putin the armies of the Confederate States34 regi-nents and four battalions of in-fantry -371 companies, seven regi-ments, one squadron and one companyof cavalry-73 companies; and threeregiments, two battalions and 19 un-

attached batteries of artillery -55companies-the tabulation of the rolls,including the field and staff, regimentaland battallon, giving the followingresult

Enrolled. Sefective.Infantry... .44,328 38,314Cavalry.. .. .. .. ..9,067 8,014Artillery ......... 8,213 7,637

Total... .......61,608 53,965In addition, the official records show

80 companies of State troops or re-semvs, with an enrollment, includingfield and staff, of 4,944 enrolled, or4,911 tutal effective-which is knownto be Lar below the actual figures, sincethere were organized at least 12 regi-metats of reserves in addition to otherState troops.

It thus appears, from the figures ofthe rolls in the State historian's cus-tody and duty filed, that South Caro-lina furtnished for ( infederate service61,60o8 offiers and men total enrolled,or 53 965 total effective, and for Stateservice 4,944 offcers and men total en-rolled, or 4,941 total effective.Making now the moderate estimate,

and the estimate that the truth of his-tory warrants that 5 per cent. of Con-federate and 25 per per cent. Of Statetroops arc not carried on the rolls, itfurther appears that South Carolinagave to the Southern Confederacy atotal of 71,083 officers and men enrolledor 62,833 effective, as follows:

Enrolled. Effective.Infantry.........46,544 40,229Cavalry .. .. .. .. . .9.520 8,414Artillery.. ....8,839 9,018

Total. . . 64.,903 56,661State troops enrolled 6,180. or effec-

tive 6,177, aggregating, as above stated,71,083 offieers and mzen enrolled, o1 62,-838 effective.The magnificent way and the rare

unanity with which South Carolinastocd by her colors and redeemed thepledge of 1860 of life and honor is bestillustratud by the simple fact that thevoting population of the State was hut60,000~ in 1860.But this does not limit the contribu-

tion of the State. Entitled to equalhonor with the officers and men of theline are those self-sacrificing and skil-ful mren who composed the engineercorps, the medical staff and the band ofchaplains, as well as the quartermasterand conmissary department.INor should we overlook -the servicesof thec signal corps; the "CaptainsCousragtous" of the blockade runners,and the officers and men that SouthCarolint gave to the iron-clads in theharbor of Charleston and to the Con-federate States navy, the heroism ofwhich is matter of history.In reviewing further the contribution

of this &ate to the cause of secessionand Staterights, must be taken in ac-count the military skill of the generalofficers frcom South Caroli'na in the Con-federate armies, of whom, appointedfrom South Carolina or from otherStates, the tecords sh-w fire lieutenantgenerals, si: major g.:nerals, besides along array of brigar.ier generals, colo-nels and unjors. Of other commis-sioned, non'comrrissioned officers andprivates con:Ing under this head thereis no record.So much, concisely stated, for South

Carolina's cottribution to the ca-xse towhich she Wts pledged by the ordi-nance of secestion, passed December20,1860.There is preented next the costly

by South Carolina in the war :iie pre-cipitated and then grandly breasted,receiving her full share of the fierybelts of battle from 1861 to the end.The report of the State historian, laid

before the gencral assembly, shows thedeaths in battle or from wounds, thedeaths from disease and in prison, andthe wounded to be as follows:Infantry.............. 17,91SCavalry..................1,467Artillery........ .......... 716making a total of such casualties to be20.101.Bat this, owing to the imperfection

of some of the rolls ieported, does not

give the full showing. As to the 371infantry company rolls. 26 contain no

repurt of "died in battle or fromwounds"; 43 no report of "died fromdisease"; 167 no report of "died in pri-son," and 45 no report of "wounded."As to the 56 artillery company rolls,

22 contain no report of "aied in battleor from wounds"; 25 no report of "d iedfrom disease"; 49 no report of "died inprison, and 27 no report of "wounded."Applying now the rule of averages tothe'se incomplete rolls, it appears thatthe infantry casualties may fairly beput at 21,146; the c.avalry at 1,739, andthe artillery at 1,363. making a total of24,245, :!assi ed as follow

INFANTRY.Died in battle or from wou--ds.. 6.7t5Died from disease.. 5.74GDied in prison.. .. LS2Wounded.......... ... 7,513

Total.. .....21.146CAVALRY.

Died in battle or fron wounds 528Died from disease. .. .........457Died in prison.. ..S......... 86Wounded................

Total ... ............1,739ARTILLERY.

Died in battle or from woundz ... 350Died from disease.. 404Died in prison 37Wounded.. ...............572

Total ..................1,366To sum up: Basing thc percertage

of casualties upon the "total enrolled"in each arm of the service, the resultwould be: Infantry, 45 per cent.;cavalry, 18 2-10 per cent.; artillery,15 4-10 per cent.Making the "total effective" in each

arm of trie service the basis of said per-centage, the result would be: Infantry,52 7-10 per cent.; cavalry, 20 7-10 percent. That is, the casualties of the in-fantry in war were more than one-halfof the total effective; of the cavalrymore than one-fifth, and of the artillerymore than one-sixth.

.Truly, a costly sacrifice, and onefreely made, of the best blood of thecommonwealth!So much, concisely presented, for the

personal sacrifice of South Carolina inthe field of arms 1861-65. More elo-quent than words are the figures here

given-figures based upon records andthe logical inferences deducible there-from.The patriotism of the contributirn

and the pathos of the self-sacrificemake up the story of the fame of thiscommonwealth. And whon, further.there are added to this military herit-ae South CaTolina's contribution ofstatesmanship and the fidelity of hernoble womanhood in the years of thewar, there is exhibited a demonstrationofdevotion to principle in scorn of con-sequence, and in obedience to duty,that challenges the world's admiration.The part enacted by South Carolina inthe war between the States is her gloryand her complete vindication.Part four deals exclusively with the

"State troops."Not a Trust.

AMttr fully investigating the matterthe Spartanburg Herald has cor!e tothe conclusion that the Virginia-Caro-lina Chemical Company is not a trust,but a lagitimate business enterprise.The Herald says: "It is a joint stockcorporation which has bought and paidfor a number of fertilizer factories. Itowns the property and the stock in thecompany is owned by thouands of in-dividuals all over the south. Thestockholers manage the affairs, througha board of directors. We have takenthe trouble to look into this matter andto inquire into the rise in the price offertilizers. We find that the prices ofcommercial fertilizers have increaedabout 20 per cent. over last year, whilethe cost of most of the material thatenters into the manufacture of fertilizers has increased much more than thisin price. As a matter of fact there isless profit to the companies makingfertilizers just now even at the increased price than last year, when theywere sold for 20 per cent. less. ATrust is an organization of manu-facturers in which the interests of sev-eral concerns are pooled for the pur-pose of limiting the ontpnt of the fac-tories with a view to controlling prices.Several concearns come together andagree that a certain number of themshall suspend operations for a statedtime, and that all shall share in theprots of those which continue to oper-ate. It is strickly an organization tolimit production and to raise prices, andit cannot be justified on any ground.It is an organization in restraint oftrade, and measured by the definitionof a Trust, we find that the Virginia-Carolina Chemical Co., is, in fact, theopposite of a trust. This company,with ample means, has bought up anumber of struggling mills, makingfertilizers. The plants hare beenrenovated and put in good repair.'Many of them have been enlarged, and,instead of having the force of toen atwork in the factories reduced, as is thecase with Trusts, there has been anactual increase."

A Preacher Murdered.The Rev. Mr. Brooks, of the Church

Missionary society, stationed at PingYin, in the province of Shan Tung,China was capturea in that vicinityand murdered December 3 by membersof a seditious society called "boxers,"who have been active lately destroyingmany villages and killing native Chris-tians. The government of the provincehad despatched a force of cavalry totho scene of the disturban os, bat thesoldiers arrived too late to. save Mr.Brooks.__________

A Deep Plunge.Miss May Hudson of Walden, Ga.,

while looking into a 70-foot wel', losther balance and fell to the botto.n. Ayoung man who was with her at thetime succeeded in rescuing her- Be-yond a few scratches, she was unin-

FRAUD AND BRIBERYThe Goebel People Promise to

Shake Social Kentucky

TO HER BOURBON CENTRE.

They Make Nine Charges in Their

Contest. The Goebel Demo-

crats Have the Leg-islature.

It begins to look as if there was con-

siderable ground for the charges madeby the Goebel Democrats that the Re-publicans of Kentucky were determinedto steal the State. The legislature isnow in session at Frankfort and theGoebel Democrats have submitted theirnotice of contest against Governor Tay-lor and Lieut. Gov. Marshall has beenserved. Nine different grounds of con-

test arc embraced in the notice, thesubstance of which is as follows:

First. Alleged use of tissue ballotsin 40 counties.

Second. Military interference withthe electiont and intimidation of votersin .hteron county by troops under or-der, :Lnd personal command of Gov.Bradley.

Third. Alieged unlawful issuinceOf Uaudatory iLj:metions by JudgeToney, in Louisvilie. on election day,by which election officers were cor-peled to sign false returns.

Fourth. Intimidation of railroademployees by chief officers of the Louis-ville and Nashville railromi in severalcountiCs.

Fifth. That the lealers of the Re-publican party corruptly eLtered into a

conspiracy with the Louisville andNashville railroad, the American BookTrust and other corporations and trustsby which these corporations furnishedlarge sums of imney for the purpose ofdefeating the contest.

Sixth. Alleged unlawful issuance ofmandatory injunctions in Knox andLewis counties compelling county elec-tion boards to certify to false returns.

Seventh. Alleged interference ofUnited States marshals in the electionswhich was the result of a conspiracybetween the marshals and the Repub-lican leaders to intimidate the voters.

Eighth. That before the meeting ofthe State election commissioners Dec.4, the Louisville and Nashville rail-road through itq paid agent, John H.Wballen, eute:ed into a conspiracy withthe Republican leaders to bring to theState capital largte bodies of deperadoesto intimidatc and overawe the electioncommissioners into giving the certifi-cates of election to Rtpublican candi-dates; that Gov. Bradley had here forlike purposes, soldiers in citizens cloth-ing. etc.

Ninth. That the election commissiouers were forced threugh threats ofpersonal violence and incendiarism in-spired by the Louisville and Nashvillerailroad, to sign returns which were

nct true.In addition to the above it was

charged at the Democratic caucus bySenator Harrell that he had been ap-proached by Whallen and paid $4,500to remain out of the caucus. Themoney, he said, had been placed in abox with the Louisville Trust Company,the key to which he passed up to Sena-tOr Goebel, who was presiding over thecaucus, ending his speech by declaringthat he had entered into the deal forthe purpose of exposing Whallen, and,furher, that there was not moneyenugh in the world to make him dis-loyal to his party and his State.

W1IALLEN ARRAIGNED.

Col Whallen was arraigned on theattempted bribery charge before Magistrate Thompson and held over to theFr..nklin county grarjd jury, his boiudbeing fixed at $10,000. In the circuitcourt President H-. V. Loving of theLuisville Trust company was beforeJudge Cantrill, charged with contemptfor disobeying the order of the court toturn over the vault box alleged to holdthe S4,500) which it is claimed was tobe paid to H~arrelI in the event he votedagaiast Goebel in the contest. Lovingstated that he merely desired to protectthe customers of his company, and hisattorney moved to quash the summonsagainst him. This the court over-ruled. Thereupon a response was filedto the rule for contempt and in this itis stated that Whallen. Harrell andCharles Ryan rented the box in ques-tion and deposited something in it, thebox being sealed up and covered overwith white paper. The trust companyofiials were notified -n't to allow thebox opened except in the presence orby the consent of all three parties.Judge Cantrill adjudged the response

insuiiient and ordered the box to beproduced in court. It is said that anattempt will be made to have SenatorHarrell indicted in Louisville, whereWhallen's attorneys claim the prosecu-tion should have been instituted if anyoffense has been committed. Thecharge against Harrel would probablybe conspiracy, or accepting a bribe.Both houses of the legislatdro organ-

izd at noon by electing the nomineesof last night's caucus. in the houseSouth Trimble, for speaker, received,the full 5S Democratic votes and J. P.iLswell, all of the 42 Republicans.For president pro tem of the senate,Goebel was elected. The four Demo-eratic senators who bolted the caucusTueday night, voted or the caucusnominees Wednesday.

making Them New.The advertisement of Ortman's

Steam Dye Works, of C dumbia, S. C.touches a subject of interest to lots ofpeopl-because so many people havee!othes that they want renewed byclensuing or dreine or both. At Ort-man's Steam Dye Works, only the bestmaterials are used and only skilledworkmen are employed. Satisfactionis guaranteed.

Eight Hundred Bodies.

Tiflis, Russian Transcancasia, hasbeen visited by a terrifie earthquake.Altogether 13 villages in the Achalk-alak district of this government haveesprienced earthquake shocks. Six ofthese places have been completely de-stroyed and 800 dead bodies have al-ready been recovered.

OUR STATE SCHOOLS.

Facts and Figures About Them Hard

to Get At.

The superintendent of education, af-ter a very ninute study of conditionsin the country, has prepared a systemof registers for the teachers and trus-

tees in the country schools. Mr. Mc-Mahan has made most strenuous effortsto simplify the keeping of the recordsin the schools, while at the same timehaving each item of interest about theschool carefully kept. In making outhis annual report, he has found thatthe data about the schools in the courn-try are very hard to get, because of themeagerness of the reports from theteachers and trustees.The county superintendents have

been unable to make their reports full,because of there being no records in thecounty offices. Whether or not it istoo much to expect that the districttrustees make out the very elaboratereports heretofore asked of them. it isproven beyond question true that theyhave not made out these reports. Thenew record books are very simple inform, and require no Chinese puzzlework to keep stra.ght. To better pre-serve the records in the schools, andhave them so that information can bereadily found out in time, all recordskept by the teachers and the trusteesare to turned in to the county superin-tendent of education at the close ofeach school year.

In the trustees' record books, Mr.McMahan gives -,me very carefullyprepared instructions, not only as to thekeeping of these records, but as to themanagement of the school generally.These instructions are very interestingto all ,ho are interested in the welfareof public schools, and ara given here infull:

1. Meetings. The board can take noaction exce-t it a regular called meet-ing. The proceedingb oF each meetingshould be recorded in this bkft dno order for money should be issuedexcept under the authority of a resolu-tion properly adopted and recorded.At its first meeting the board shouldchoose for its terms of two years a

chairman and a clerk. The clerk willkeep this book.

2. Warrants. Every order for moneyshall specify exactly the service or ar-

ticle therein paid for and the schoolthat has received the benefit. Thestub must be filled out, and then theclerk of the board, the county superin-tendent and the county treasurer willeach have a complete record of all thedetails of every item of expenditure foreach particular school in the district.The county superintendent will not

approve a warrant that is not th'usdefinitely filled out.

3. Overdrafts. The clerk will trar.,fer to the disbursement page allamounts on the stubs, and will knowat all times how his aceount standswith the treasurer. No warrant shouldbe issued in excess of the money to thedistrict. If issued, it is void.

4. Report. This book properly keptwill be delivered at the end of theschool year to the county superintend-ent as the report of board of trustees.

5. Visiting schools. The trusteesshould manifest an interest in theschools under their charge and acquaintthemselves with the condition andneeds of each school, so as to be ableto promote best the educational inter-ests of the district ilach trusteeshould visit each school in his districtat least once a year, and observe thework and the spirit of teacher and pu-pils.

6. Contract with teacher. No onecan be elected as a teacher who has notat the time of a certificate of qualifica-tion granted by the board of educationof the county or by the State board ofeducation. Diplomas and certificatesfrom other States have no legal efedctin this State. Great hardships mayresult from attempting to employ ateacher who has no ce'rtificate and isconsequently legally incapicitated todraw the salary. The plea of ignoranceof the law can effect no relief. Beforeaefinitely choosing a teacher the boardshould communicate with the countysuperintendent and obtain his sanction.

7. Salary. This is a matter of con-tract between the teacher and theboard of trustees, subject to the super-vision of the county board of education.There is no law requiring uniformn sal-aries to grade of certificate. The boardin its discretion should endeavor t> fixthe salary in every case according toindividual merit and the work of theschool. Especially should the boardobserve the evidences of thi' teacher'sskill and fidelity and reguhlte the sal-ary the next year accordi. 1y.

8. Time of choosing teat >Lr. Beforethe close of a school, or a~s soon after-wards as possible, the teacher for thenext year should be elected, with sal-ary and number of months definitelyagreed upon, so that the teacher mayknow the prospect of work for the com-ing year and may p~lan for it. The chil-dren, moreover, have an interest inknowing if their old teacher is to comeback, and the parents have a right toknow at the earliest possible time whatis the outlook for the next year'sschool.The trustees should avoid the fre-

quent changing of teacher> a practicewhich is destructive to tie progress ofthe pupils and to the profession ofteachers. Refusing to maintain an un-necessary number of schools, econo-mizing in all purchases, and seekingthe aid, when possible, of an extra taxor a neighborhood contribution, thetrustees should put forth every effortto find means to pay a living yearlysalary and employ a competent teacher,with the encouraging understandingthat the position is assured for suc-ceeding years "during good behavior"and constant evidences of unfiagingearnestness and effort toward furtheiripoet n.9. Patrons. The trustees (subcject

only to the county and State board)have entire control of the publicschools of their district, location andbuilding of new school houses, the salef former school houses, the employ-ment of teachers, etc. Patrons have novoice except as the trustees may see fitto consult them. At the same timethe trustees should never lose sight ofthe fact that the confident approvaland cooperation of patrons are indis-pensable to the prosperity of theschool, and are to be obtained by a

favor or fear, with an eve only to thepublic good. It is often a mistake totry too hard to please everybody.

John J. McMahan,State Suporintendent of Education.

THE FIRST DISTRICT.

A White Republican Will RunAgainst the Democrat.

A dispatch from Charleston to theColumbia State says "the contest forCongress from the First Districtpromises to be bitterly fought, both inthe Democratic party and at the gen-eral election. It is gterally thoughtthat Col. William Elliott and Maj.Joseph W. Barnwell will competealone for the honor of the Democraticnomination. It is possible, of course,for a Richmond te enter the field, butthis seems doubtful at present, and itlooks as if the candidates now beforethe public will have the fight all tothemselves. The forces have alreadybegun to line up for the fray, but theprimary is a long time off and therewill be many changes between this dayand next August. Both candidateshave their admirers and supporters atwork, who are going about arousinginterest in behalf of their favorite andendeavoring to count the noses. It isappreciated that organization is the.main spring, and both sides areendeavoring to put their forces inorder.The Republicans promiss to make a

hard fight this year, and it consequentlybehooves the D,:mocratic voters to set-tle their differences within the partyand with as little friction as possible,that a common and solid front may bepresented to the enemy. The Repub-licans will start their campaign earlythis year. The party realizes that ithas not got the voters to put their can-didate in offic and their only hopelies in making the race, as a matter ofform, and then appealing to a probableRepublican house for the seating of itscandidata on the grounds of the allegedunconstitutional election laws of SouthCarolina. The Republican conventionwill be held in April or May. Chairman Green of Beaufort will soon issuehis call for the election of the delegatesto the convention, which will probablymeet in Charleston.

Col. T. Barker Jones stated todaythat he was a candidate and that hisname would be presented to the con-vention. He seemed certain of secur-

ing the nomination, and said that hehad already assurances from the na-tional congressional committee that ifhe was the nominee of the Republicanparty, in the event of the t ouse ofrepresentatives being Republican, thathe would be seated over the Democrat.A prominent Republican was seen andhe said that the party intended tonomicate a strong white man. whowould command the support of Demo-cratic voters as well as Republicans.He thought Col. Jones a very lightweight and said that that gentlemanwill hardly get the nomination.George Washinton Murray, who Lasmonopolized the Republican partynomination for years, will probably bedropped this year and a strong whiteman nominated for the place, as statedabove.

Blackburn is Chosen.The Democartic members of the

Kentucky Legislature in caucus onWednesday night at Frankfort, Ky.,named Iormer Senator J. C. S. Black-burn as the suceessor of Senator Win.Lindsay in the United States Senate.Notwithstanding Blackburn's nomina-tion was a foregone conclusion and hiselection morally certain, the proceed-iags of the caucus were enacted in thepresence of a galaxy of Kewntucky beauty and a dense throng of Blackburnadmirers The caucus convened at 8o'clock a nd wascalled toorderby Sena-tor Goebel, chairman of the joint caucus. There was a wild demonstrationin the gall es when Goebel came intothe hall before calling the caucus toorder. the cheering continuing severalnutes. Senators Alexander and Hays,

Democrata, and McConnell, Populist,stayed out of the caucus. Blackburnwas placed in nomination by SenatorGoebel, who said that the longest andbitterest fight ever fought for senatorin this State, which began four yearsago (when Deboe defeated Blackburn)was about to reach its just termination.The State capitol rang with cheers ashe placed Blackburn in nomination.Senator Thomas asked that the ruoll becalled so that every Democratic mem-ber might have an opportunity to go onrecord for Blackburn. Senators Alex-ander and Hays failed to respond totheir names, otherwise the vote wasunanimous. Goebel was applaudedwhen he voted for Blackburu.

The Whole Truth.While the convention of judges was

prescribing rules and regulations forcourt attire, why did it not go further?It might just as well have icsisted onpatent leather shoes, four-in-handneckties and kid gloves. It could haverestored the wearing of wigs by judgesand sitting on the woolsacks. It mightinsist on lawyers parting their hair inthe middle, though such a rule couldcould not affect some members of thebar, particularly in Richland. Thereare' lots of other useless things itmight have done. Justice, not habili-ments, will make a court respected.-Columbia Record.

A Sensation in Raleigh.In the United States District Court

at Raleigh, N. C., Friday, Aquila J.Marshall, of Wilmington, N. C., wasput on trial for counterfeiting. Mar-shall is an attorney, well connected,and Up) to this time has borne a goodreputation. His arrest and trial havecaused a great sensation. The princi-pal witnesses against him are twoG;reeks, Nicholas Politz and TheodoreDarkley, one of them already servingsix year's sentence in the penitentiaryaud the other under indictmont forcounterfeiting. They claim that Mar-shall acted as their adviser, orderedmaterial and outfit for them in makingthe spurious coin.

So It Will Be."The Columbia State thinks the esti-

uates for the future of cotton manu-facturing by Mr. D. A. Tompkins asevery moderate. "Ten years from now,"says the State, "the south will controlcotton manufacturing as it now con-

YOUIG CIGARETTE SMOKERS

Would Do Well to Read and Heed the

Following.In answer to his inquiry as to why

cigarette smoking applicants for bondsfrom trust companies are rejected,President Henry S Hartzog, of Clem-s' n College,-has received the following,of deep interest to all youog cigarettefiends, from one of the nation's leadingtrust companies:"To P.esident Hartzog, Clemson Col-

lege, S. C.:"Dear Sir:-Your esteemed letter is

received, inclosing our special and con-fidential circular concerning Mr.---,and I note your inquiry as to the rea-sons that led us to inquire if the appli-cant was a cigarette smoker. We al-ways affix this question when the applicant is under twenty-one years of age.I do not know that all the guaranteecompanies ask for this information, butthis branch of our company has beenled to do so, because the writer in tenyears' experience finds that this com-

pany in the conduct of its businessthroughout the Southern States has notpaid a claim under a defaulter, whowas less than twenty-one years old,whow as not a cigarette&smoker.

"If all the defaulters under twenty-one years are cigarette smokers it isonly reasonable that we should inquireas to the habit of applican.s in this re-respect.

"If a young man 19 or 20 years oldshould apply to us for bond the mere

smoking of cigarettes alone would notdisqualify him of our indorsement, butif there was any other adverse informa-tion obtained the company's obje.ctionto cigarette smoking would be accentu-ated, and while neither of these objec-tions alone would cause the company todecline the bond, both together wouldunquestionably do so.

"It is our habit at this branch to re-quire a written promise from a minorwho is addicted to the habit of cirgar-ette smoking to entirely abstain fromtheir use as long as he serves under ourbond or until he has reached his ma-jority.

"It is not uncommon in'these daysfor a business man to decline to giveemployment to a young person who isaddicted to th. eigarette habit.

"Yours truly,"* * * "

Cut this out, boys, and paste it inyour hat, where you can refer to ithandily. If you want to succeed youmust let cigarettes alone.

Objects to His Color.The New York Herald says there is

likely to be trouble in the Brooklynschool board over the election of a Negroman as a teacher in one of theschools. The Herald says: "An ef-fort will be made to have the appoint-ment revoked. Threats en the part ofthe corps of white teachers in the schoolto resign in a body if the appointmentis not recalled complicate the situation.William L Buckley. Ph. D., is theman to whom these objections are made.At the meeting of the school boardNovember 13, Samuel B Scottron,chairman of the local committee of No.114 school, asked for hs appoietmentas teacher, but said nothing about hiscolor. Scot tron is himself a Negroman, and the only representative of hisrace on the board. There are only afew Negro children in the school, andthey have never been collected into aseparate class. The local committeeof this school consists of Scottron, Dr.J K Powell and Edward M Bassett.Dr. Powell, it appears, had been previ-ously seen by Scottron with referenceto the appointment, and made no ob-jection. There is no doubt as to thequalifications of Buc-k'ey. His color isthe only objection found to him. Theother teachers declare that they willnot teach alongside a Negro teacher.Scottron says Buckley is not a strangerin educational circles, as nine monthsago he was an applicant for the pnsitionof teacher of languages in the EasteroDistrict High School. He was formerlyvice president .f the Claflin Universityin South Carolina, and a teacher oflanguages,' continued Scottron. 'Hecamt, to Brooklyn more than a year agoin the interest of the university, andwas so favorably impressed that he de-cided to remain. In September he passedan examination under Maxwell. citysuperintendent of schools, for the p:>-sition of assistant principal. "Therewas a vasancy in No. 114 school a littlelater, and I thought Buckley would bea good man to fill it. I sent him toMessrs. Bassett and Powell, who con-sented to his appointment. Later Bas-sett withdrew his consenc on the grounthat he had thought it was a class ofNegro children he was to teach, andnot white children. Bassett exeitedlyinformed me that he had'heard from theteacheis of tise school, who declaredthat if Buckley was placed in theschool they would resign. on learningof this Scottron said he called a meet-ing in the school, at which Powellgave his consent to the appointment,byut Bassett refused to give his." Buck-ley is well known in Ocangeburg, hav-ing been a student and a teacher inClafiin Universty for many years.

Moody's Biography.The family of the late D. L. Moody

announce that, in accordance with hisexpressed desire, his elder son, WilliamRevell Moody, will write the biographyof the evangelist. And it is requestedthat friends having correspondence orother matters of interest communicatewith Mr. Moody at East Northfield,Mass.

Brothers Drowned.New Year's day near Dunwille, Essex

county, Va., John and Charles Wheely,17 and 15 yoar old sons of a leadingfarmer, went skating on Robinson millpond. Oae of the youths brokethrough and his brother tried to rescuehim. The result was the drewnirng ofboth.

S'ew His Father.

A specia~. dispatch from Lourens, S.C., to the Columbia State says: "CootRobertson, a colored youth, was lodgedin jail Thursday for shooting and killhnghis father, Henry Robertson, out atMr. J. J. Jack's, the night before."Coot"eclaims self-defense, as his fatherwa. matckng him'with an open knife"

GERMANY AROUSED.She Will Demand Exact and Full

Reparation~From Englard

FOR SEiZING HER SHIPS.

She Regards the Seizures as HighHanded Proceedings and De-

mands Redress for the

Same.

The German Imperial mail steamer

General, has been detained at Adenand occupied by British troops, withthe object of searching her cargo whichis to be discharged. The General isowned by the German East Africanline, the owners of the Bundesrath;previouly captured by the Britishcruiser Magicienne off Delagoa Bay.A dispatch from Berlin says the

seizure of the above and other Germansteamers by the English has consider-ably aggrevated the situation there,and the indignation against England is

intensified. The government is stimearnestly endeavoring to preserve cor-

rect official relations, but England willdo well to hasten to make the amendehonorable to Germany.On absolutely reliable authority the

correspondent of the Associated Presslearns that Emperor William is now

thoroughly aroused by the repeatedseizures of vessels not one of which, hehas been assured, has been guilty ofcarrying contraband. He regards- theseizuares as high handed proceedings,which England would not have daredto undertake if the German navy were

more powerful than it is. His majestyis said to be particularly incensed be-cause information has reached himshowing that the seizures were not dueto the blundering of British naval offi-cers, but to strict orders from head-quarters, which the officers are merelycarrying out. He has therefore instruct-ed Count von Baelow, the foreign see-

retary, to demand exact and full repara-tion for the outrage done to the Ger-man flag. No answer that is consideredsatisfactory has yet been received fromLondon, and according to advice here,none is to be expected for seveAl dayslonger.A dispatch from Hamburg says that

although the manifests of the Germansteamers General show there was nowar material on board, she wes com-pelled to discharge her cargo. TheGerman East Africa company publishesa statement in the Hamburger Noch-richtem saying that immediately on

the declaration of war the companyvoluntarily refused to forward to 6outhAfrica two consignments of arms aI-ready on board their vessels, simply toavoid trouble and delay in connectionwith the other portions of the cargoes.A copy of the manifest of the Bamdes-rah has been published showing thather cargo fid not contain contraband.The owners declare that there is abso-lutely ny foundation for the statementthat saddles and other war materialhave been found amid the cargo of theBundersrath.The German steamer Kanzler, with

the Dutch and Lu~sian Red Cross de-tachments for the Transvaal on board,discharged a quantity of her cargo atNaples 'Thursday as it was contrabandof war. The Kanzler belongs to thesame company as the Banderarath andGeeral.

INSURANCE FIGUEES8.

Nearly Two Million Dollars theAmount of Gross Premiums.

Daxring the past year the insurancecoapnies of all kinds doing business inthis State have done an enormous busi-ness, to jiudge from the summarizedstatement made up by the comptrollergenral WedUnesday for his ainnual re-por:. Trane statem'ent shows thet theincrease has been close to one milliondollars as compared with last year.The statement last year shows that

the gross premiums collected in thisStti by acelleut, life an'd fire insur-ance. companies for the three quarteraeding Sept. 23, 1S9S, am.untcd to$'2.261.25, and the one-half of oneper cent. tax thereon was $3,561 24.This year's statement covers a full

year and shows that the gross premiumsamounted to $l,94S. S24 39-nearlytwo millions of dollars--and the one-half of one per cent. thereon to be$974363.The statement by quarters is as fol-

lows:Premiums.

Fourth quarter 18S .. $ 500.144 05First quarter 189).. .... 529,710 54Second quarter 1899... 46,36 11Third quarter 189J..... .. 453933 69

Totals .. .. ..... $1,948824.39The taxes given above are paid di-

ret to the State treasurer under thenew act and are exclusive of all theregular State, county and school taxescolected in the several counties by thevarious county treasurers.The showing is a handsome one andudicates that the inaurance business

in South Carolina has been most profit-able to the agents. No statement is3et available sho~ving the losses of the

companies for the corresponding P0-riod.-Columibia State.

Our Army in the East.With the transport Grant, which left

San Francisco on the 21st uIt., withthe Forty-eighth volunteer infantry(colored) Gen. Otis will havecommandof an effective force of about 65 000men. The army now in the Pbilippinesaggregates 62 500. of which 31,000 areregular troops and 31.500 are volun- a.teers. With the arrnval of the Grantthe entire volunteers serengthtof 34,000men will be in the Philippines.

Warm Young Negroes.Julius Robinson, colored, was hanged

Wednesday at Dinwiddie court house,T., for murdering William Jolly, a'merchant and prominent citizen, in No-vember last. He was taken from Pet-7ersburg to the scene of the hanging orfa train and was the coolest man in tcrowd. lHe made a speech on the ga-lows, warning young colored men'-a'aist drinking whiskey and carrying