Page 1

WORLDWIDE

AUSTRIAN

POWER

HIL &

Power AmplifierRequirements on Power Amplifiers and HIL

Real-Time Processors to successfully

implement P-HIL Test Benches

Page 2

PI

HIL

Processing

Delay

tPR

ADC

Delay

tPR

Transport

Delay

tTR

Or ionLink

+

-

S igna l

S ou r ce

Pow er

A m p lif ie r

P-HIL Simplified Model

Analogue

Output

Signal

Input

Signal

Page 3

COMPISO Digital Amplifier

Pow er

A m p lif ie r

10 kHz

-2 dB

10 kHz

-40°

Page 4

Orion Link / RT – Link

• tTR = 4µs

• Including:

• HIL Coding

• Transport

• Power Amplifier decoding

Transport

Delay

tTR

Or ionLink

4µs

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PI

HIL

Processing

Delay

tPR

ADC

Delay

tPR

+

-

S igna l

S ou r ce

OP4510

• Processing Model CPU

• 20µs Processing Cycle Time

• Processing Model FPGA

• 4µs Processing Cycle Time

• COMPISO Digital Amplifier has 250.000kHz sampling frequency

• 250.000kHz 4µs cycle time

2µs

4µs FPGA

20µs CPU

Page 6

PI

PI Regulator

Page 7

SAMPLING RATES

SIGNAL SOURCE VS

AMPLIFIER

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HIL

Transport

Delay

tTR

Or ionLink

+

-

S igna l

S ou r ce

Pow er

A m p lif ie r

Sampling: Signal Source vs Amplifier

Analogue

Output

Signal

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz FGPA

20µs .. 50kHz CPU

40µs .. 25kHz

80µs .. 12,5 kHz

Input

Signal

Sine Wave

50 Hz

1 kHz

2 kHz

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Sine Wave 50 Hz

Set Point: 4µs .. 250kHz

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 50 Hz

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Sine Wave 50 Hz

Set Point: 80µs .. 12,5 kHz

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 50 Hz

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Sine Wave 1 kHz

Set Point: 4µs .. 250 kHz FPGA

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 1 kHz

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Sine Wave 1 kHz

Set Point: 20µs .. 50 kHz CPU

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 1 kHz

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Sine Wave 1 kHz

Set Point: 40µs .. 25 kHz

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 1 kHz

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Sine Wave 1 kHz

Set Point: 80µs .. 12,5 kHz

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 1 kHz

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Sine Wave 2 kHz

Set Point: 4µs .. 250 kHz FPGA

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 2 kHz

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Sine Wave 2 kHz

Set Point: 20µs .. 50 kHz CPU

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 2 kHz

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Sine Wave 2 kHz

Set Point: 40µs .. 25 kHz

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 2 kHz

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Sine Wave 2 kHz

Set Point: 80µs .. 12,5 kHz

Amplifier Anlogue Output

Sine Wave 2 kHz

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Summary: Sampling: Signal Source vs Amplifier

• 50 Hz Signals

• Slow CPU Models (>80µs / 12,5 kHz)

• 1 kHz Signal (20th Harmonic)

• Slow CPU Models (>40 µs / 25kHz)

• CPU Model (20 µs / 50 kHz)

• FPGA Model (4 µs / 250 kHz)

• 2 kHz Signal and higher frequencies

• Slow CPU Models (>40 µs / 25 kHz)

• CPU Model (20 µs / 50 kHz)

• FPGA Model (4 µs / 250 kHz)

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DELAY (DEAD TIME)

VS

PHASE SHIFT

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HIL

Delays

tDEAD

Or ionLink

+

-

S igna l

S ou r ce

Pow er

A m p lif ie r

Delay vs phase shift

Analogue

Output

Signal

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz

Input

Signal

5µs .. 80µs

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Delay vs phase shift – Phase Graph

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OPEN LOOP

TRANSFER FUNCTION

Page 24

PI

HIL

Processing

Delay

tPR

ADC

Delay

tPR

Transport

Delay

tTR

Or ionLink

+

-

S igna l

S ou r ce

Pow er

A m p lif ie r

Open Loop

Loop Feedback

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz

Input

Signal

1µs .. 74µs 4µs

2µs

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Open Loop – Transfer Function

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CLOSED LOOP

SYSTEM STABILITY

Page 27

PI

HIL

Processing

Delay

tPR

ADC

Delay

tPR

Transport

Delay

tTR

Or ionLink

+

-

S igna l

S ou r ce

Pow er

A m p lif ie r

Closed Loop P-HIL

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz

Input

Signal

1µs .. 74µs 4µs

2µs

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Closed Loop – Transfer Function

Page 29

WORLDWIDE

AUSTRIAN

POWER

Thank you…

…for your

Attention

G. Pammer Sept. 2014

Page 30

PI

HIL

Processing

Delay

tPR

ADC

Delay

tPR

Transport

Delay

tTR

Or ionLink

+

-

S igna l

S ou r ce

Pow er

A m p lif ie r

Sampling: Signal Source vs Amplifier

Analogue

Output

Signal

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz FGPA

20µs .. 50kHz CPU

40µs .. 25kHz

80µs .. 12,5 kHz

Input

Signal

Sine Wave

50 Hz

1 kHz

2 kHz

4µs

2µs

4µs FPGA

20µs CPU

Page 31

PI

HIL

Processing

Delay

tPR

ADC

Delay

tPR

Transport

Delay

tTR

Or ionLink

+

-

S igna l

S ou r ce

Pow er

A m p lif ie r

Sampling: Signal Source vs Amplifier

Analogue

Output

Signal

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz

Sampling: 4µs .. 250kHz FGPA

20µs .. 50kHz CPU

40µs .. 25kHz

80µs .. 12,5 kHz

Input

Signal

Sine Wave

50 Hz

1 kHz

2 kHz

4µs

2µs

4µs FPGA

20µs CPU