Enel Distribuzione

activities and Real-Time

simulations experience for

Smart-Grids

Berkeley

May 13th-14th, 2015

2

Enel Global Infrastructure and NetworksElectricity Transmission and Distribution

Chile

Peru

Colombia

2,8 M clients 2° distribution operator

(22%)

1.200 km of HV lines

1,7 M clients 1° distribution operator

(33%)

400 km of HV lines

1,2 M clients 2° distribution operator

(31%)

500 km of HV lines

Brazil

Argentina

2,4 M clients 2° distribution operator

(17%)

1.100 km of HV lines

Spain

13 M clients 1° distribution operator

(42%)

19.600 km of HV lines

Italy

31,7 M clients 1° distribution operator

(85%)

Romania

2,7 M clients 2° distribution operator (36%)

6.600 km of HV lines

6,0 M clients 3° distribution operator (7%)

8.700 km of HV lines

Over 60 Mln Clients, 434 TWh of Distributed Energy.

One of the largest network operators in the world

with 1,9 Mln km MV/LV lines

Enel

Distribuzione

Overview

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DSO in Italy

4

ProductionHV TSO in

Italy is

Terna

MV LV

DSO responsibility

Enel Distribuzione is the

owner of 85% of the total

network

DSO in Italy is controlled from AEEG, in terms of

quality of service

Between DSO and AEEG there is a price and

penalty system based on Power Quality

performances

5

The process to be controlled is typical of power

Distribution companies: it begins from HV/MV

substations (Primary substations), goes ahead in

MV/LV substations (secondary substations) and

terminates in correspondence of LV energy meters

in customer premises.

ENEL network, apart from few exceptions, is

organized in the following standard levels of

voltage:

HV: 132–150kV (under the control of National

Grid, apart from HV/MV subs);

19,000 km lines

2,500 Primary substations

MV: 10kV, 15kV, 20kV:

334,000 km lines

426,000 secondary substations

LV: 230/400V: 740,000 km lines

Remote Control and automation systemRemote Control and automation system – The process

MT

AT

MT

BT

MT

MV Customer

linea AT

linea MT

linea BT

linea

MT

HV

Customer

LV customer

HV

MV

LV

VHV/HV substation

MV/LV

Substation

HV/MV

Substation

MV/LV

Substation

LV customer

6

28 Control CentersEach Center has its own SCADA system and controls only the network at regional level

2500 HV/MV substations:all remote controlled.

426.000 MV/LV substations:25% remote controlled.

Average figures for a Control Centre

~ 89 HV/MV substations all remote controlled

~ 15.200 MV/LV substations (25 - 30% remote

controlled);

~ 1,1 Million of LV customers

Remote Control and automation system - Organization

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STM: Central System for MV/LV Substations and MV network

• Remote control of HV/MV substations

(only those belomging to a single CO);

• Electronic management of

MV network diagram and connection status;

• Remote control of Secondary Substation

(25% of the total);

• Remote control of Pole top MV Switches

(several thousands);

• Remote management of

MV fault detectors

(installed in the deep of MV network);

• Remote control of LV breakers

(installed only in few substations).

Remote Control and automation system – Basic functions

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Remote Control and automation system – Web Applications

Real time

access to

event logs

Real time Supply situation

(unsupplied substations & customers)

Access to

all network

diagrams

Dashbord

for network

consistency

Dashboard for automation statistics

Dashboard for

system

performances and

reliability

REAL TIME WEB

APPLICATIONS

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Remote Control and automation system

The DMS Results and load curves

Distributed Generation: growth esponenzial

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Data up to Apr. 2014

Connection to Enel Distribuzione’s Grid

di Enel Distribuzione

Energy flow injected to Trasmission Grid

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HV/MV Transformers with reverse power flow

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

MW Power from TSO to DSO 2010 2011

2012 2013

12

Implications for the networkNet energy flows from TSO’s perspective (Puglia - May)

Weekdays Saturday Sunday

Decreased energy Flow due to DG penetration

About 4.000.000 of people

live in Puglia

Storage connection to MV Distribution Grid

CP: Dirillo (POI)

2MW/1MWh

Isernia (Isernia)

1MW/0.5 MWh

Cesena (GRID4EU)

1 MW/1MWh

CP: Chiaravalle (POI)

2MW/2MWh

CP: Campi Salentina (POI)

2MW/1MWh

Storage connection to LV Distribution Grid

Both installations are in

Abruzzo: 32kW/32 kWh

Enel Smart-Grids

Project and Real-

Time simulations

experience

15

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Where is the Enel Smart-Grid and Smart-City

Team

Milano - Smart Grid Lab

Roma-

Headquarter

Bari-Smart City

Center

Milano - Smart Grid Team

Most Relevant Enel Distribuzione Smart-Grids

and Smart-Cities project

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Isernia Project

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Enel Smart MobilityEV Recharging Infrastructures

Fast RechargePole

Station

Home

Station

Over 2400 recharging stations installed

Cutting-edge technology

for slow, quick and fast recharge

Electric Car Sharing project in progress in Madrid

E-mobility projects in Roma, Vatican City, Pisa,

Bari, Bologna, Genova, Barcelona, Málaga

Electric Taxi ongoing project in Bogotà

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Real Time Simulation experience

Our experience in Real-Time

Simulator Start in 2008 using

RTDS

In 2013 Enel for Milan

“Smart Grid lab”

bought also Opal-RT

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Opal RT in Milan Laboratory

Opal RT Simulator

Fault Detector

Connected to

Simulated network

RTU of MV/LV

Substation

Connected to Enel SCADA

system

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Real-Time experienceCritical Points

~

BV

MVB

TrI

AVR

G

G

G

G

G

a

b

c

d

e

CN

CNV

1 HV/MV

Transformer

MV Single-Phase

nodes 1000

MV DER 80

90% of feeder

sections are

few km

START is an Enel system developed in Milan able to take DATA from Enel company DB

and convert the network in the Real Time simulator format (Opal RT or RTDS)

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Real Time experienceSTART

Time to implement the network in the simulator is a lot (more than one week).

DBMore than one week

Few minutes

START

DB

Due to very high number of models is impossible to solve the entire network with a single

processor

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Real Time experienceNetwork complexity

•Due to the length of the sections and the absence of transformers along the lines. Is

impossible to connect portion of network solved in different processor using traditional

stub-lines especially to simulate transient behavior of the network

Processor/Core 1 Processor/Core 2No

Stub-Lines

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Cired 2015 paper

Case

name # of EMTP

nodes

# of

SSN

nodes

# of

core

used

Real-time

step

Enel Distribuzione

E1a (SSN) 750

6 4 52 µs

F1a (SSN) 650 15 4 70 µs

F2 (ePHASORsim) 447 -- 1 10 ms

Real-time performance of distribution grid models on ARTEMIS-

SSN 7.0 with Intel-Xeon Processor-E5-2687W (Xeon V3)

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Real Time simulators allows to:

• Simulate complete tests hardly

reproducible in real grids (faults,

regulations, etc…)

• Network dynamic simulations, feature not

present in classical relay test boxes

great flexibility. We need it to conduce

tests and studies.

First study did with Real-Time Simulators

Test of algorithms to tune Petersen-Coil

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~

BV

MVB

TrI

AVR

G

G

G

G

G

a

b

c

d

e

CN

CNV

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 240.96

0.97

0.98

0.99

1

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.04

1.05

1.06

1.07

1.08

1.09

1.1

1.11

t [h]

VG

1 [p

.u.]

VG1

(no V reg.)

VG1

(UPG reg.)

VG1

(RQV reg.)

SCADA + DMS

POI P3 Smart Grid Project

The main GOAL of the project is to perform New Technique of voltage

regulation via DMS and SCADA in order to increase hosting capacity of

the network

In this project all devices

communicate via IEC 61850

standard

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POI P4 Smart Grid Project

The main Goal of this project is to operate the MV network in

permanent loop, in order to increase the hosting capacity and

perform logical selectivity via fiber optic communication and using

IEC 61850 standard

RGDM1

RGDM2

RGDMn

RGDMn-1RGDM4

RGDM3

PS SS1

SS2

SSn

DV901A

DV901B

DV901C

HV/MV

HV/MV

Lock

LockLock

Trip

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Isernia project

GOAL: Perform smart voltage

regulation and logical selectivity

during fault

Black Start with Storage (Isernia Project)

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We supplied with the storage:

•5 MV/LV transformers

•About 90 kVA

•Rated voltage 20 kV

•Current absorbed 2.6 A

Grid4EU project

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The new system will allow to:

•Implement Voltage Control (at all nodes) and

Power Flow Control in the MV network

•Develop new procedures for managing

efficiently and reliably generation units

disconnection in the event of unwanted

islanding

•Test and assess the use of a storage facility

for optimized Network Operations and Energy

Management

•Enable the dispatching of the renewable

generation on the MV network

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Enel is EXPO 2015 Smart Energy Partner, bringing to the

exhibition state-of-the-art Smart Grids technologies:

Innovative automatic grid control

and fault detection systems for electricity

distribution network management

(50MW are required)

80 MV delivery substations

for pavilions, with MV close ring,

10 MV feeders, 10 MV delivery substations

Storage System and integration of RES

EMS for Pavilions and Palazzo Italia

Over 8.000 LED lighting fixtures

50 recharging stations for EV

Operation Centre to monitor and control

all the electrical infrastructures: interactive

multimedia contents will be available

both at Enel Pavilion and Milano Rubattino Enel Showroom

EXPO 2015 MilanoThe first greenfield Smart City in the World

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About Smart Grids Lab and cooperation

Electrical Engineering

Smart Grids specialization

In collaboration with Enel Distribuzione

Enel Distribuzione

activities and Real-Time

simulations experience for

Smart-Grids

Berkeley

May 13th-14th, 2015

Thank you for

your attention