WHO-EMIES/366

October 1985

ROPME/WHO INTERCOUNTRY TRAINING COURSE

ON RAPID ASSESSMENT OF

AIR. WATER AND LAND POLLUTION

Kuwait, 14-19 September 1985

(Meeting Ref.: EM/WHO/ROPMEIINC.CRS.ASS.AWL.POL/4)

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN

1985

300

EDITORIAL DOTE

The issue of this docwnent does not constitute formal publication.

The manuscript has only been modified to the extent necessary for proper comprehension. The views expressed, however, do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the World Health Organization.

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this docwnent do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the Organization concerning the legal status of any country. territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

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WHO-EM/ES/366

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION • • • • • . • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••••

CONTENT OF THE TRAINING COURSE .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .

COUNTRY PRESENTATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RECO�ATIONS •••..••• · ••••••.••••.•.••••••••..•..••••••

ANNEX I

ANNEX II

AG'rnDA ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

PROGRAMME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

ANNEX III LIST OF PARTICIPANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ANNEX IV WORKING GROUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

2

6

6

7

11

12

15

19

1. INTRODUCTION

1. 1. General

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 1

In accordance with the recommendations of the ROPME/KAP Experts Meeting held in Bahrain in February 1984, which were endorsed by the decision of the Council of the Regional Organization for the Protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME) at its Third Meeting, to carry out a programme for in-depth study on the control of land-based sources of pollution in the Kuwait Action Plan (KAP) Region, a 3-phase project began in Kuwait in December 1984 vi.th a Workshop on Rapid Assessment of Pollution Sources (15-19 December 1984). The objective of this project is to develop, within three years, an effective and realistic strategy for the abatement of pollution from land-based sources in the Region and to promote the implementation of the related control measures in close cooperation with the national authorities. Local expertise is also to be developed during this period enabling successful inspection of industries, enforcement of control measures and monitoring of effluents to be carried out.

During the December 1984 Rapid Assessment Workshop, national experts from four ROPME Member States were trained in the Methodology of Rapid Assessment of Pollution, with brief explanation of important topics consisting of the effect, management and control aspects of pollution. The national experts were assigned with the task of carrying out a three­month pollution assessment survey in their respective countries to be followed by preparation of detailed reports.

Since some of the ROPME Member States could not participate in the above-mentioned workshop, ROPME decided to conduct a complementary work­shop to train nationals from the other Member States and also to have the reports presented by the experts who had attended the original Workshop. After discussions held between ROPME and WHO during 1984, and after exchanging views on a joint-sponsoring of a similar Workshop, it was decided to hold the present ROPME/WHO Intercountry Training Course on Rapid Assessment of Air, Water and Land Pollution. It was decided that ROPME should encourage Member States who have not yet completed their rapid assessment studies to do so and that consultancy assistance could be made available upon request for an intermediate stage, after most data have been gathered, as well as in the final stages of the report preparation.

Ten participants from ROPME Member States and five WHO participants attended the Training Course. (Annex III A).

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page 2

1.2. Objective of the Training Course

The objective of the course was to train the participants and provide them with knowledge and understanding of the principles and procedures pertaining to pollution source inventory data on the quantities of air, liquid and solid wastes generated in a particular region or country and discharged into the environment.

1.3. Scope of the Training Course

The participants from Bahrain, Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Syrian Arab Republic were provided with information aoout and trained, mainly, on the following:

Introduction to the role of WHO with regard to environmental health; - Effects of pollutants on receiving waters;

Effects of air pollutants on man and his environment; - Health hazards in the human environment; - Rapid assessment methodology; - Dispersion of air emissions; - Air emission control technologies; - Liquid waste control technologies; - National strategies for industrial water pollution control; - Effective action programmes for pollution control and

monitoring; Fuel utilization options and air pollution control strategies;

- Rapid assessment exercise; - ·case study on Air Pollution Control in the Greater Athens area.

2. CONTENT OF THE TRAINING COURSE

2.1. General

The Training Course was opened by H.E. Dr Abdul Rahman Al-Awadi, Minister of Public Health and Planning, Kuwait, and Acting Executive Secretary of ROPME. In his statement of welcome, he pointed out that the main objective of the course was the development of an effective and realistic plan for the control of marine pollution and the promotion of pollution control measures in cooperation with the national bodies concerned. He stated that national capacities would be developed to enaole effective control of industries, the enforcement of environmental control measures and the monitoring of waste, with a minimum of external help. He indicated his pleasure at the World Health Organization's (WHO) cooperation in jointly holding the training course, and expressed his thanks in particular to Dr Hussein A. Gezai ry, Regional Director, WHO, Alexandria. He also expressed his thanks to Dr Alexander Economopoulos, Course Instructor, and Dr Richard Helmer, WHO Geneva, for their contributions.

WHO-EX/ES/366 page 3

Subsequently, Mr Taoufik Zeribi. Regional Adviser (WHO EMRO) presented a message from Dr Hussein A. Gezairy. thanking the Government of Kuwait for hosting the course and highlighting the importance of the course and of the collaboration between ROPME and WO to develop a "preventive approach" in environmental health. He expressed the hope that this collaboration would continue at Regional and national level with the ultimate aim of furthering the attainment of the Goal of Health for All.

Dr Alexander Economopoulos, Course Instructor, presented a brief note on the scope and purpose of the training course.

2.2. Brief infonnation on the course topics

Dr Economopoulos commenced the course by giving an introduction to rapid assessment methodology and to the various technical aspects per­taining to the course. He stressed that the rapid assessment objectives at the local and national level include identification of high priority control actions; organization of effective waste and pollution monitoring programnes; assessment of impact of proposed control measures; assessment of impact of proposed developments; setting up of priorities on pollution control programmes. and establishment of a balance between economic and/or industrial development and pollution.

Since Rapid Assessment methodology is applicable to all kinds of study areas (urban, industrial, agricultural, mining, etc.) and as the methodology allows an integrated approach to pollution control, it promotes the best utilization of resources and consideration of environmental interactions.

Dr Richard Helmer and Dr Taoufik Zeribi (WHO) made presentations on: Introduction to WHO's Role in Human Health Environment; Assessment of Health Effects; Assessment of National Pollution Control Programmes, and Regulatory Approaches to the Control of Health Hazards from Water Pollution.

2.3. General summary of the course topics

(a) Effects of pollutants on receiving water

The effects of main polluting parameters (biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS), oil, etc.) on receiving water in relation to health and intended water usage were discussed. Aspects of water quality standard derivation were presented.

(b) Effects of air pollutants on man and his environment

The effects on groundwater, for deriving and

of conventional air pollutants on human health, on plants, surface water and visibility were outlined. The basis establishing air and water quality standards was analysed.

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 4

(c) Rapid assessment methodology

The principles of rapid assessment methodology were described along with the objectives of related studies at the local and national levels. The derivation of waste load factors, the expected accuracy of estimates, the collection, processing, classification and use of the data from various pollution sources in each study area and their use in the working tables to estimate polluting loads were described.

(d) Dispersion of air emissions

The principles affecting the dispersion of air pollutants were high­lighted and conditions providing dispersion or causing high pollutant concentrations were discussed. The basis, derivation and limitations of pollutant dispersion models were given.

(e) Air emission control technologies

The key items of pollutant control equipment for particulates and gases were described. Their modes of operation, performance characteristics, limitations and areas of application were discussed and key design and sizing correlations and process�related constants were provided.

(f) Liquid waste control technologies

The ways to reduce affluent volume and polluting loads at source were discussed. Simple pretreatment procedures were outlined and more complex methods for the removal of suspended, colloidal and dissolved organic matter were described. Basic performance characteristics, limitations and areas of application were presented along with typical design constants.

(g) National strategies for industrial wastewater pollution control

The basic principles for organizing effective national and local schemes to abate pollution from industrial sources discharging into sewerage systems and directly into receiver streams were outlined. The procedures for deriving national (relaxed) and local (more stringent as required) standards, action programmes and implementation strategies were presented. The purpose of gradually relocating specific types of industry in industrial parks and zones was described.

(h) Effective action programmes for pollution control and monitoring

The use of the rapid assessment results to derive high priority (effective, single and low-cost) measures as well as optimum medium-term pollution abatement strategies was described. The nature of effluent standards in each case was described and issues such as pollution control legislation and land planning in relation to industry location were addressed.

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(i) Fuel utilization options and air pollution control strategies

The importance of fuel utilization in external and internal combustion sources in urban and industrial areas was outlined. Parameters such as fuel quantity, type, quality, transportation and utilization vere addressed and the impact of action programmes through them was described. Examples of significant imp rovement in the air quality of urban areas through fuel­related measures were presented.

(j) Rapid assessment exercise

Participants were divided into four working groups, each working separately on a simulated case study. Calculation of the volume of wastewater and of the pollution load from industries in a given area of study and the distribution in four rivers was required. Pollution profiles for key sources were derived and recommendations for high priority action were drafted. The results were summarized and presented by a representative from each group.

(k) Case study: air pollution control in the Greater Athens area

. . � .. ' A three-year study on the control of air pollution in the Greater Athens area was described and a presentation made of the current air pollution problem there. Detailed socio-economic studies placed in order of priority on the basis of a rapid assessment inventory were presented along Yith the impact from high-priority measures. The technical and economic conclusions from the analysis of selected sources were highlighted.

(1) Introduction to WHO's role with regard to environmental health

The role of WO EMRO (World Health Organization, Eastern Mediterranean Regiona l Office) with regard to ccxmnunity water supply activities, as well as rural and urban development, control of environmental health and food safety activities Yas explained.

(m) Assessment of health effects from environmental pollution

Environmental hazards to human health are, in general, due to un­controlled discharges and emissions from industrial and municipal sources and, to agricultural practices. With regard to the latter, assessment of effects takes into account the acute, chronic and delayed toxicity of contaminants, including carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and birth defects. Environmental risk assessment and management provide modem tools to cope with such health effects.

t.rnO-EM/ES/366 page 6

(n) Assessment of national pollution control programmes

A recent survey by WHO provides study results allowing for the general grouping of countries with regard to their capabilities in environmental pollution control. In about half of all WHO Member States only a few of the institutional and technical requirements for an effective pollution control programme are fulfilled. Particular attention has to be paid to countries which presently undergo moderate to rapid economic and industrial development.

(o) Regulatory approaches to the control of health hazards from water pollution

Depending on the governmental and infrastructural situation, there are several alternatives to effect the control of industrial waste discharges. The most common methods are effluent, enviromnental or processing standards, effluent charges, tax incentives and environmental impact assessment. All countries, however, rely on some form of environmental legislation which provides the basis for specific technical and administrative regulations for pollution control.

3. COUNTRY PRESENTATIONS

Participants from all countries, particularly those from Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, presented reports expressing the general status of the environment and the concern of the environmental authorities in connection with the emrironmental pollution in their countries.

4, CONCLUSIONS

Participants from ROPME Member States expressed interest and concern about the progress in the planned Phase II of their Action Progrannne regarding the study of the pollution abatement and cost alternatives from various sources, the establishment of a re3ional strategy and adoption of standards. The ROPME Secretariat was ur3ed 1 therefore, to step up the pace cf implementation of this technical component of the Action Pro3ramme.

5. RE�ATIONS

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 7

During the last plenary session, the following recommendations were reviewed and approved by the participants.

5. 1. Recommendations for National Governments

Environmental pollution control measures, taking into consideration human health aspects, should be supported through the following activities:

(a) The carrying out of rapid assessment studies for the identification and quality control of pollution sources, initially through pilot studies in selected areas.

(t) The utilization of rapid assessment results in the formulation of national and regional pollution control policies, the setting of priorities for control measures. and the design of surveillance and monitoring programmes.

(c) The implementation of environmental health impact assessment·· studies early in the development planning process, taking into consideration local conditions.

(d) The development of national data repositories by national authorities in collaboration with international organizations, on local health and environmental conditions, pollution source inventories and baseline data on environmental quality and epidemiological studies.

(e) The utilization of national expertise through technical cooperation among Member States of both ROPME and WO in the framework of inter­country projects, regional programmes, training exercises, work­shops, etc.

(f) The conducting of follow-up workshops on rapid assessment methodology in the particular area of pollution control.

(g) The hosting of intercountry meetings on environmental protection for better use of local experience by experts from neighbouring countries.

(h) The participation of delegates with a previous relevant background in the subject of the workshop in order to allow for the transfer of knowledge and experience and thus to increase capabilities in the Region.

(i) Coordination between health organizations and environmental agencies with the aim of faster links between health protection measures and emriromnental hazards control.

WHO-Df/ES/366 page 8

(j) The carrying out of surveys, using the methodology explained during the training course, by country participants in their respective countries in order to prepare pollution inventories in selected areas.

It is suggested that pollution discharges from all important sources in a pilot area be calculated based on the formats described during the training course. For this purpose, the participants should select an important urban and/or industrial area as the study area, divided it into substudy areas, and make visits to selected industries, government services, etc., to obtain the information which is required for calculating the pollution loads. At the end of the survey, the participants should eahc prepare a report and submit it for evaluation. ROPME Member States are expected to submit Rapid Assessment of Air, Water and Land Pollution reports by 30 December 1985.

5. 2. Recommendations for International Organizations

Environmentally concerned agencies, in particular WHO and ROPME, may favourably consider supporting national programme development for the recognition and control of environmental pollution and associated health hazards through the following activities:

(a) The promotion of pilot studies on rapid assessment of pollution sources in all Member States of ROPME and others in WHO's Eastern Mediterranean Region.

(b) The preparation and dissemination of guidelines for environmental pollution assessment and control, including the periodic updating and adjustment of the rapid assessment guide through feedback received from its users.

(c) Cooperation with national authorities in the application and use of rapid assessment, environmental health impact assessment, follow-up detailed studies on pollution control through consultant assignments, study tours, fellowships, etc.

(d) The conducting of national workshops on environmental pollution assessment and control with the aim of strengthening collaboration among national and local health authorities, environmental agencies, industry, municipalities, etc.

(e) The organization of intercountry and regional workshops with the aim of fostering exchange of information and expertise among staff of Member States sharing cormnon environmental health hazards due to industrial development.

(f) The supporting of the establishment of national infrastructures for the collection and interpretation of environmental health information, including the utilization of readily available international data sets from the International Programme on Chemical Safety (!PCS) and the International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals (IRPTC).

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 9

(g) The supporting of the development of national capabilities to monitor pollution sources and the surrounding environment through international programmes such as the Global Environmental Monitoring System (GEMS).

(h) Cooperation with Member States in the design and implementation of specific and interdisciplinary programmes for human resources development aimed at upgrading the skills of engineers, scientists, physicians, technicians and administrative personnel essential for effective environmental pollution assessment and control programmes.

l. Opening Session

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 11

ANNEX I

AGENDA

2. Introduction to Rapid Assessment Methodology

3. Introduction to WHO

4. Environmental Effects and Quality Control:

a. Liquid Effluents. b. Air Emissions.

5. Health Hazards of the Human Environment.

6. Rapid Assessment of Pollution Control.

7. Introduction to ROPME.

8. Survey of National Programme for Health Protection Against Environmental Hazards.

9. Control and Dispersion.

a. Dispersion of Air Pollutants. b. Air Emission Control Technologies. c. Liquid Wastes Control Technologies.

10. Management:

a. National and Regional Management Approach. b. Initial Strategies for Pollution Control. c. Fuel Utilization and Environmental Planning. d. Solid Wastes Management.

11. Regulatory Approaches to the Control of Health Hazards from Water Pollution.

12. Rapid Assessment Case Study.

13. Rapid Assessment Exercise (working groups).

14. Control of Industrial Air Emissions in the Greater Athens Area.

15. Conclusions and Recommendations.

16. Closing Session.

Saturday, 14 September

8.00 - 9.00 a.m.

9.00 - 9.30 a.m.

9.30 - 10.30 a. m.

10.30 - 11.45 a.m.

11.45 - 12.15 p. m.

12.45 - 2.00 p. m.

Sunday, 15 September

8.00 - 9.30 a.m.

9.30 - 10.30 a.m.

10 .oo - 10.45 a.m.

10. 45 - 1.00 p.m.

1.00 - 4.00 p .m.

4.00 - 4.30 p.m.

4.30 - 5.30 p.m.

5. 30 - 6.30 p.m.

�'HO-E.'1/ES / 36 6 page 12

ANNEX II

PROGRAMME

Reg:f.s tration

Opening Session:

- Address by H.E. The Minister of Health

- Message from Dr Hussein A. Gezairy, Regional Director, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Recess

Introduction to Rapid Assessment Methodology (by Dr A. Economopoulos) - Agenda item 2

Introduction to WHO (by Dr R. Helmer and Mr T. Zeribi) - Agenda item 3

Environmental Effects & Quality Control:

a. Liquid Effluents. b. Air Emissions.

(by Dr A. Economopoulos) - Agenda item 4

Health Hazards of the Human Environment (by Dr R. Helmer) - Agenda item 5

Rapid Assessment of Pollution Control (by Dr A. Economopoulos) - Agenda item 6

Recess

Agenda item 6 (cont'd)

Recess

Introduction to ROPME (by Dr B. Al-Awadi) - Agenda item 7

Country presentations (Pakistan and Syrian Arab Republic)•

Survey of National Programmes for Health Protection against Environmental Hazards (by Dr R. Helmer) - Agenda item 8

Monday, 16 September

8.00 - 10.00 a.m.

10.00 - 10.30 a.m.

10.30 - 12. 45 p. m.

12. 45 - 1. 00 p. m.

1.00 - 2. 00 p. m.

Tuesday, 17 September

8. 00 - 10. 00 a. m.

10. 00 - 11. 00 a.m.

11.00 - 11. 30 a. m.

11.30 - 12.00 p. m.

12. 00 - 2. 00 p . m.

2. 00 - 4.00 p .m.

4. 00 - 5. 00 p. m.

5.00 - 6. 00 p. m.

6. 00 - 7. 00 p. m.

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 13

Control and Dispersion:

(a) Dispersion of Air Pollutants (b) Air Emission Control Technologies. (c) Liquid Wastes Control Technologies.

(by Dr A.Economopoulos) - Agenda item 9.

Recess

Agenda item 9 (cont'd)

Country presentations (Egypt)

Agenda item 9 (cont'd)

Management:

(a) National and Regional Management Approach. (b) Initial Strategies for Pollution Control. (c) Fuel Utilization and Environmental Planning. (d) Solid Wastes Management

(by Dr A. Economopoulos) - Agenda item 10.

Regulatory Approaches to the Control of Health Hazards from Water Pollution (by Dr R. Helmer) - Agenda item 11.

Recess

Country presentations (Islamic Republic of Iran & Jordan)

Agenda item 10 (cont'd)

Recess

Agenda item 10 (cont'd)

Country presentations (Bahrain)

Rapid Assessment Case Study (by Dr A. Economopoulos) - Agenda item 12.

Wednesday, 18 September

8.00 - 10.00 a.m.

10.00 - 10.30 a.m.

10.30 - 2.00 p.m.

2.00 - 4.00 p. m.

4.00 - 7.00 p.m.

Thursday, 19 September

8.00 - 10.00 a.m.

10.00 - 10.30 a.m.

10.30 - 11.30 a.m.

11.30 - 1.00 p.m.

1.00 - 2.00 p.m.

WHO-EX/ES/366 page 14

Country presentations (Kuwait. Oman and Qatar)

Recess

Rapid Assessment Exercise (working groups) Agenda item 13

Recess

Presentations and conclusions of working groups

Control of Industrial Air Emissions in Greater Athens Area (by Dr A. Economopoulos) Agenda item 14.

Recess

Country presentations (Iraq and Saudi Arabia)

Conclusions and Recommendations

Closing Session.

BAHRAIN

EGYPT

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 15

ANNEX III

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Mr Jalil M. Zainal Senior Environmental Engineer Environmental Protection Conmdttee Manama

Dr Zeinab Youssef Occupational Health Physician Occupational Health and Air Pollution Department Imbaba Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Cairo

Mrs Ekhlass Gamal El Din Chemist Imbaba Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Cairo

IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF Dr Jafar Nouri

IRAQ

Director of Environmental Research Bureau (Senior Expert on Marine Pollution) Department of the Environment Ministry of Health Teheran

Mr M.S. Hosseini Shie Emami Senior Expert of Water and Fisheries Department of the Environment Ministry of Health Teheran

Miss Kifah R. Abdul Hussain Head of Water Resources Section Ministry of Health Baghdad

Mrs Fatin Sabih Aziz Chemical Engineer/Leader of Air Pollution Team Ministry of Health Baghdad

JORDAN

KUWAIT

OMAN

PAKISTAN

QATAR

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 16

Dr Ahmed Ragheb Sallaj Occupational Health Specialist Environmental Health Department Occupational Health Section Ministry of Health Amman

Eng. Fathiya Abdullah Shaban Bushahri Chemical Engineer Department of Environment Protection Ministry of Public Health Kuwait

Mr Saleh Ahmed Bunashi Environmental Protection Centre Air Pollution Department Shuaiba Area Authority Kuwait

Mr Yahya Ramadan Al-Balushi Head of Water Pollution Section Council for Conservation of the Environment and Prevention of Pollution (CCEPP) Ruwi

Mrs Najeeba Saleem Senior Scientific Officer National Institute of Health Islamabad

Mr Abdul Aziz Al-Medfa Environmental Researcher Environment Protection Committee Doha

Mr Nasser Mohammed Al-Manssory Technical Administrative Engineer Industrial Department Technical Centre Doha

SAUDI ARABIA

SUDAN

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

*

TUNISIA

*

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

Dr A. R. Al-Awadi

Dr B. Al-Awadi

Dr B. Al-Bassam

Dr M. Behbehani

Dr Y. Khosravi

Dr A. Economopoulos

Could not attend

WHO-EM/ES/366 page 17

Mr Mahmood Buragga Environmental Protection Specialist Meteorology and Environmental Protection Administration (MEPA) Jeddah

Mr Taha M. Zatari Environmental Protection Specialist Meteorology and Environmental • Protection Administration (MEPA) Jeddah

*

Mr Mohamed M. Ahmed El-Awad Occupational Hygienist Ministry of Health Khartoum

*

Mr Gheis Gamal Ahmed Occupational Hygienist Ministry of Health Khartoum

Dr Abdul Latif Youssef Professor of Chemistry Chemical Department University of Tishreen Lattakia

ROPME SECRETARIAT

Acting Executive Secretary

Deputy Executive Secretary

Director of Programmes

Marine Scientist

Environmental Economics Expert

Project Coordinator, Environ­mental Pollution Control Project - ROPME Consultant

ROPME/Kuwait

ROPME/Kuwait

ROPME/Kuwait

ROPME/Kuwait

ROPME/Kuwait

Ministry of Social Services, Athens, Greece

Mr T. Zeribi

Dr R. Helmer

Miss A. El Didi

t..'HO-f.}1/ ES/ 366 page 18

WHO SECRETARIAT

Regional Adviser on Environmental Hazards and Pollution Control

Responsible O fficer, Prevention of Environmental Pollution Unit

Secretary

'WHO/EMRO

WHO /Headquarters, Geneva

'WHO/EMRO

GROUP "A"

Mr Jalil M. Zainal (Bahrain) Dr Zeinab Youssef (Egypt) Dr Jafar Nouri (Iran) Dr Ahmed R. Sallaj (Jordan)

GROUP "B"

Mrs Ekhlass G. El Din (Egypt)

w1i0-EM/ ES/ 36 6 page 19

ANNEX IV

WORKING GROUPS

Miss Kifah R. Abdul Hussain (Iraq) Eng. Fathiya A.S. Bushahri (Kuwait) Mr Taha M. Zatari (Saudi Arabia)

GROUP "C"

Mr M.S. Hosseini S. Emami (Islamic Republic of Iran) Mr Saleh A. Bunashi (Kuwait) Mr Yahya R. Al-Balushi (Oman) Mrs Najeeba Saleem (Pakistan) Mr Nasser M. Al-Manssory (Qatar)

GROUP "D"

Mrs Fatin S. Aziz (Iraq) Mr Abdul Aziz Al Medfa {Qatar) Mr Mahmood Buragga (Saudi Arabia) Dr Abdul Latif Youssef (Syrian Arab Republic)