roots & tubers: serving people, the planet, and prosperity … · roots & tubers: serving...
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ROOTS & TUBERS: Serving People, The Planet, and Prosperity Pamela K. Anderson 18 January 2016 [email protected]
GOAL 2 – ZERO HUNGER
Malnutrition
2 billion people experience micronutrient malnutrition 1.9 billion people are overweight or obese 794 million people are estimated to be calorie deficient 161 million children <5 are stunted 1 in 12 adults worldwide has Type 2 diabetes Soure: 2015 Global Nutrition Report (IFPRI)
By 2050, the world population is expected to reach 9.7 billion
We will need to increase food production by 70%
International Potato Center
Growth rates of yields for major cereals in developing countries are slowing
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1963 1967 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003
Aver
age
annu
al gr
owth
rate
(%) maize
rice
wheat
Source: World Bank, 2007. World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for development.
Yam 2.9%
Potato 2.7%
Cassava 1.9%
Sweetpotato 1.0%
Growth Rates of
Roots & Tubers (1993 – 2020)
The Chinese population is expected to continue growing and stabilize at about 1.5 billion. China has targeted 95% food self-sufficiency. They estimated that over the next 2 decades food production will need to increase by 100,000,000 T, and that 50,000,000 T should come from potatoes alone
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Virus
Late blight
Clean seed
Bacterial wilt
World average
+ 6.0 tons
+ 5.1 tons
+ 2.8 tons + 0.6 tons
Yield(t/ha)
Potato yield gap analysis
Source: a) Fuglie, 2007. Research Priority Assessment for the CIP 2005-2015 Strategic Plan: Projecting Impacts on Poverty, Employment, Health and Environment.
Olluco
Kañihua
Quinua
Oca
Potato
Barley
Ullucos tuberosus
Chenopodium quínoa
Oxalis tuberosa
Ssp. Andigena
(Carbohidrate)
(Carbohidrates) 97 / 2.1 / 0.5
61 / 1.0 / 1.6
62 / 1.1 / 1.1
376 / 11.5 / 4.2
Nutritional properties (quality and quantity of aminoacids
(Metabolismo de colorantes sanguíneos)
Energ. K/Cal
Protein g.
Hierro Mg.
Energ. K/Cal
Proteinas g.
Hierro Mg.
Energ. K/Cal
Protein g.
Hierro Mg. Energ.
K/Cal Protein
g. Hierro Mg.
Mutton
Dairy
Malanga, Yautía Xanthosoma sagittifolium
Yam Dioscorea spp.
Taro Colocasia esculenta
Orange-fleshed Sweetpotato
1.7 million households in Sub-Saharan Africa as direct beneficiaries of OFSP Spillover may have benefited 2 – 5 times that many households
Vitamin A Cassava Vitamin A Cassava developed through conventional breeding by CIAT, IITA, and Nigeria’s national program: 6 cultivars released (2011-14) • Starter packs of stems reach 500,000
farmers and 1,000,000 bundles of stems were harvested by commercial farmers for sale to others in 2015
• Promotion creates demand and price premia
Micronutrient Content of Native Potatoes: Iron, Zinc, Vitamin C, Vitamin A
GOAL 1 – NO POVERTY
PAPA ANDINA INITITIVE
Seed production system for native potatoes
Commercial information systems (price info on native potatoes)
IPM for market quality criteria
Post Harvest management to smooth supply
Input provider Farmer Wholesaler Processor Retail
2002 2006
PERU: Native Potato Chips Market
2008
MT
1000
2000
Creative imitations
Large companies
Certification
2004
PMCA: Commercial Innovation
2009
Pepsico-Frito Lay officially launched “Lays Andinas”
THE SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY CHALLENGE:
Embedding new products into the company business plan – not corporate social responsibility efforts
Spaces dedicated to potatoes - Supermarkets in 2014 -
Cassava is a versatile commodity; given it’s high starch content, it can be transformed into many important products for industrial use
Composite flour for bread, biscuits, snacks, pasta
Animal feeds (poultry, fish,
livestock)
Glucose, sorbitol & other products
High Quality Cassava Flour
(HQCF) Cassava chips Starch Ethanol
Cassava
Export (for use in ethanol production) Plywood
Food & beverage (culinary cubes, drink powders)
Industrial (pharma, textile, adhesives,
paper)
Spirit distilling
Pharmaceutical / industrial uses (sterilization)
Sweeteners & sugar replacements
Toothpaste, cosmetics, &
medicine
Source: Dahlberg, 2015: Overview of cassava in Africa.
Cassava in Latin America
Cassava in Asia
Biofuel
Nearly all of Africa’s cassava is grown for subsistence, with industrial potential largely untapped
Source: FAOSTAT, SESRTCIC “Food Security and Poverty Alleviation Initiative in OIC Member States of sub-Saharan Africa: A preamble to Cassava Integrated Project”, 2006, http://www.iita.org/cassava
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5
5
5
5
10
16
16
17
53
Malawi
Ghana
Angola
DRC
Nigeria
Uganda
Cameroon
Tanzania
Sierra Leone
Mozambique
Top cassava producers in Africa, 2013 (million MT)
STUDY BY DALBERG, 2015: Overview of cassava production in Africa
Cassava in Africa
Improving value addition and nutrition using orange-fleshed sweetpotato
Making it happen required research on best technologies & marketing strategies
GOAL 8 – DECENT WORK
The Youth Bulge
YOUTH AFRICA ASIA LAC < 15 Years 41% 26% 24% 15 – 24 Years 19% 17% 16%
Source: UN World Population Prospects, 2015 Revision.
GOAL 5 – GENDER EQUALITY
Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index
Access to productive resources
Control over use of income
Production decision-making
Time allocation
Community leadership
WEAI
GOAL 13 – CLIMATE ACTION
Climate induced % change in production by 2050
Source: M. Rosegrant (IFPRI) 2009
NCAR A2a
Global Production 16%
Sloped land (Laos)
Nigeria
Brazil
Dry environments
Humid environments
Orinoco river, Venezuela
Amazon, Brazil
Acid soils, Colombia
Fertile soils, Vietnam
GOAL 17 – PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS
