roma and equal access to education roma and equal access to education from segregation to integrated...
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Roma and equal Access to Roma and equal Access to EducationEducation
From segregation to integrated schooling
Brussels, 28-29 April 2006
www.gitanos.org
ContentContent
1. The Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG)
2. Spain’s Education System
3. Education and the Roma Community in Spain
The Fundación Secretariado GitanoThe Fundación Secretariado Gitano
Non-profit inter-cultural social organisation
Mission: the social advancement of the Roma community based on respect for cultural identity.
Activity:Provision of services to the Roma communityTraining, counselling, awareness-heightening
The Fundación Secretariado Gitano
Direct beneficiaries of our actions (2005): 70,000
Work centres throughout Spain: 60
The The Fundación Secretariado Fundación Secretariado GitanoGitano
Workers: over 728 (2005)
The Fundación Secretariado Gitano
International cooperation: 14 countries.
Spain´s Education System
Integrated schooling.
Education: two types of teaching:General Education: basic voluntary and compulsory
Education.
Specialised Education: Artistic Education, Language Education, Education leading to the Sport Technician Certificate.
Adult Education: basic education for adults and vocational training.
Characteristics of Educational System
Integrated schooling
Compulsory Education: free of charge
Grants to defray student expenses: meals, transport, books, school material.
University scholarships.
Specific compensatory programmes (temporary measures)
Teacher´s training
Programmes targeting NGOs and other organisations.
PRE-SCHOOL (INFANT PRE-SCHOOL (INFANT EDUCATION)EDUCATION)
Ages: from 0 to 5
PRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY EDUCATION
Ages: 6-11
COMPULSORY COMPULSORY SECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY EDUCATION
(E.S.O)(E.S.O)
Ages: 12- 16.
BACHILLERATOBACHILLERATO
Ages: 16-18Ages: 16-18
Academic years: 2
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
A.C.E.S*A.C.E.S*
(Aulas de Compensación
Educativa)
Age: 15
Professional Initiation Programs
Age: 16
* 2 academic years
Intermediate Training Intermediate Training CyclesCycles
Advanced Training Advanced Training CyclesCycles E
MP
LO
YM
EN
TE
MP
LO
YM
EN
T
The Roma Community in Spain
Sedentary Approximately: 650,000 40% under the age of 16 45% reside in the south of Spain (Andalusia) Heterogeneity and diversity Identity based on a common origin and tradition, shared
beliefs, values, philosophy of life and a yearning to be recognised as Roma
Fewer than 30 years: access to housing local plans High percentage characterised by deficiencies in areas:
education, housing, health care, fostering of their culture and identity.
Education and the Roma Education and the Roma CommunityCommunity
Level of schooling of Roma Community below that of other social groups.
Illiteracy: higher in the case of women.
Repercussions: fail to take advantage of opportunities.
Enrolment of Roma children: fruit of efforts. They are reaching levels of education superior to those of their parents.
Small group going to finish high school and university (250 at university).
Education and the Roma Education and the Roma CommunityCommunity
Difficulties:
Irregular attendanceProblems in conforming to certain routines at school.Come to class without necessary school material.Relations between families and schools are
insufficient.Absenteism at the age of 12-13, especially the girls.
Education and the Roma Education and the Roma CommunityCommunity
Causes: A large number of families fails to give the same importance
to schooling. Expectations: “Knowing how to read and write is quite
enough”. Educational is basically the responsibility of the family. They feel that the school will fail to teach their children
Roma values. The school represents a cultural majority and a type of
society that makes it difficult for ethnic minorities.
Education and the Roma Education and the Roma CommunityCommunity
Degree of educational mainstreaming of the Roma population in Spain (Nation-wide study 2000-2001)
17
27
19
22
7 814,13
17,7
10,613,2
2,5 2,9
15,418,1
10,8
15,4
3 3,8
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1. Access 2. School pace,routines and
rules
3. SocialInteraction
4. Terms ofschool
achievement
5. Familiyparticipation
6. Right todifference
Normative punctuation Study year 1994 Study year 2001
Education and the Roma Education and the Roma CommunityCommunity
Educational status of Roma students at Compulsory Secondary Education
39.3 %
43.7 % 50
%63.4
%
60.7 %
56.3 %
50 %
36.6
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200Number of students
men 119 58 31 15women 77 45 31 26
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Roma population and Roma population and employmentemployment
A comparative study (FSG 2006)
2.5 13.1
12.8 58.2
23.1 22.4
61.6 6.3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Illiterate
No studies
Primary
Secondary or more
2001 census Roma