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[1][1]

Nick Oravec & Cheney MolloyNick Oravec & Cheney Molloy

December 4 , 2009December 4 , 2009

RoboticsRobotics

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Table Of ContentsTable Of Contents

What is roboticsWhat is robotics

OriginsOrigins

Components of robotsComponents of robots ControlControl

HealthcareHealthcare

ConclusionConclusion

ReferencesReferences

QuestionsQuestions

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What is robotics?What is robotics? Robotics is the science or studyRobotics is the science or studyof the technology associated with the design,of the technology associated with the design,

fabrication, theory, and application of robots.fabrication, theory, and application of robots. [2][2]

What are robots?What are robots? Robots are a mechanical deviceRobots are a mechanical devicethat sometimes resemble a human and is capable ofthat sometimes resemble a human and is capable of

performing a variety of often complex human tasksperforming a variety of often complex human tasks

on command or by being programmed in advance.on command or by being programmed in advance.[2][2]

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OriginOrigin

Who Invented theWho Invented the

First Robot?First Robot?

The first robot was probablyThe first robot was probablyinvented in 100 A.D. or earlierinvented in 100 A.D. or earlier

by a man called Heron ofby a man called Heron ofAlexandria.Alexandria.

[1]

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Origin

Heron a Greek mathematician,physicist and engineer invented the

first steam engine called the aeolipile,

steam sphere, or wind ball. He used

this to open temple doors. Heroin

invented over a hundred other [1]

automated machines which include a

wind organ and a coin-operated holy

water dispensing machine.

[1]

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Components of RobotsComponents of Robots

StructureStructure

Power SourcePower Source

ActuationActuation SensingSensing

ManipulationManipulation

LocomotionLocomotion Other methods of locomotionOther methods of locomotion

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Structure:Structure:

Mostly MechanicalMostly Mechanical

Called a (Kinematic Chain)Called a (Kinematic Chain)

This chain is formed of links (its bones), actuators (its muscles), andThis chain is formed of links (its bones), actuators (its muscles), and

joints (which allow one or more degrees of freedom)joints (which allow one or more degrees of freedom) [4][4]

Power Source:Power Source:

LeadLead-- acid batteries (main source)acid batteries (main source)

Other sources:Other sources:Hydraulics (compressed liquids)Hydraulics (compressed liquids)

Pneumatic (compressed gases)Pneumatic (compressed gases) [4][4]

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Actuators:Actuators:

Muscles of a robotMuscles of a robot

Convert potential energy intoConvert potential energy into

kinetic energykinetic energy Electric motors are the mostElectric motors are the most

widely usedwidely used

[4][4]

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Components of Robots ContdComponents of Robots Contd

Sensing:Sensing:

TouchTouch

Robotic/ Prosthetic handsRobotic/ Prosthetic hands-- research has developed a tactile sensor array that mimics mechanicalresearch has developed a tactile sensor array that mimics mechanical

properties and touch receptors of human fingertips.properties and touch receptors of human fingertips.

-- sensor array is made up ofsensor array is made up of a rigid core,conductive fluid contained by an

elastomeric skin.

- SmartHand: this is a prosthetic hand which functions like a real hand,it has sensors which allow the patient to sense real feeling in its finger

tips. [3]

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Manipulation:Manipulation:

Pertains to robots that work inPertains to robots that work in

the real world which require some waythe real world which require some way

to manipulate objects.to manipulate objects.

Robot manipulatorRobot manipulator movable chain ofmovable chain of

links interconnected by joints. One islinks interconnected by joints. One is

fixed to the ground and a hand or endfixed to the ground and a hand or end

effector which moves freely in space iseffector which moves freely in space is

attached to the other end.attached to the other end.

[4][4]

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Locomotion:Locomotion:

--RollingRolling

--WalkingWalking

Other methods of locomotion:Other methods of locomotion:--FlyingFlying

--ClimbingClimbing--Snaking (Land/Water):Snaking (Land/Water):

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Snaking (Land/Water):Snaking (Land/Water):

[5]

YouTube - Amphibious Robot Snake

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ControlControl

Mechanical structure of a robot must be controlledMechanical structure of a robot must be controlledto perform tasksto perform tasks.[4].[4]

There are three distinct phases in robot control:There are three distinct phases in robot control:

-- PerceptionPerception

-- ProcessingProcessing

-- ActionAction

Control Theory:Control Theory: A theory that deals withA theory that deals with

influencing the behavior of dynamical systems.influencing the behavior of dynamical systems. [4][4]

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HealthCareHealthCare

Script Pro:Script Pro: Is a Company that manufactures a robotIs a Company that manufactures a robot

designed to help pharmacies fill prescriptions that consistdesigned to help pharmacies fill prescriptions that consist

of oral solids in pill form.of oral solids in pill form. [4][4]

McKessons Robot RX:McKessons Robot RX: Is another healthcare roboticsIs another healthcare roboticsproduct that helps pharmacies dispense thousands ofproduct that helps pharmacies dispense thousands of

medications daily with little or no errors.medications daily with little or no errors. [4][4]

Outcome of these types of robotsOutcome of these types of robots--saves many resourcessaves many resources

like staff members that are unavailable in a resourceslike staff members that are unavailable in a resources

scarce industry.scarce industry. [4][4]

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Summary/ConclusionSummary/Conclusion

In todays society we find most robots working for peopleIn todays society we find most robots working for people

in industries, factories, warehouses, and laboratories. Theyin industries, factories, warehouses, and laboratories. They

are useful in many ways. They boost economy becauseare useful in many ways. They boost economy because

businesses need to be efficient to keep up with the industrybusinesses need to be efficient to keep up with the industrycompetition. Robots do better and faster jobs than humans,competition. Robots do better and faster jobs than humans,

e.g. robot can built, assemble cars, assist in research ande.g. robot can built, assemble cars, assist in research and

industry. As technology improves, there will be new waysindustry. As technology improves, there will be new ways

to use robotics which will bring new hopes and newto use robotics which will bring new hopes and new

potentials.potentials.

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ReferencesReferences

[1][1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics

[2] Robotics: About the Exhibition. The tech museum of[2] Robotics: About the Exhibition. The tech museum of

innovation. Retrieved 2009innovation. Retrieved 2009--1111--2828[3] Wettels N, Santos VJ, Johansson RS, et al. (2008).[3] Wettels N, Santos VJ, Johansson RS, et al. (2008).

Biomimetic tactile sensor array. Advanced Robotics,Biomimetic tactile sensor array. Advanced Robotics,

22,82922,829--849.849.

[4] Imitation of Life: A history of the first robots[4] Imitation of Life: A history of the first robots

[5] Swimming snake robot: http://www[5] Swimming snake robot: http://www--

robot.mes.titech.ac.jp/robot/snake/acmrobot.mes.titech.ac.jp/robot/snake/acm--r5/acmr5/acm--r5_e.htmlr5_e.html

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ThankThank

YouYou

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Questions?Questions?

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