roadmap to the autonomous car

PSA PEUGEOT CITROËN INNOVATION COMMITTEE

Roadmap to the autonomous car

11 June 2015

La Ferté-Vidame

The connected, autonomous cars of tomorrow will be more than just a way

to get around

At PSA Peugeot Citroën, we are always working on new solutions and technologies to make the car of

tomorrow smarter and adapt to changing customer behaviour and expectations in terms of mobility.

By 2018, we will be marketing vehicles with autonomous driving features that are "monitored by the driver".

By taking the hard work out of driving on congested motorways and when parking, we will be giving our

customers more freedom to enjoy the ride.

Automating certain features will also make some driving tasks safer, particularly mundane ones that breed

carelessness, thereby helping to prevent accidents caused by human error.

To ensure safety at all times, we will be paying particular attention to reliability, a central priority in all our

new technologies.

In 2020-2022, we will enter phase 2 with the introduction of completely autonomous driving features. Here

the driver will be able to give the car full control without any further involvement and without compromising

on safety, resulting in more time for other activities and a more pleasant trip.

Our goal at PSA Peugeot Citroën is to help drivers let go of the wheel. We are currently designing clear,

intuitive and user-friendly interfaces that allow drivers to interact effortlessly with their vehicles and take back

control whenever they wish.

Autonomous vehicles will be connected to road infrastructure and to each other to optimise travel times,

reduce fuel consumption and proactively manage potentially hazardous road incidents.

PSA Peugeot Citroën pioneered emergency call and assistance systems in 2003. Now we are doing the

same with connected services. The Peugeot Connect Apps and Citroën Multicity Connect service platforms,

for example, have been reinventing the driving experience since 2012, offering assistance, communication

and information.

These apps are paving the way for the next generation of connected services, this time aimed at optimising

customer mobility and offering a seamless user experience with more comfort, more services and more

safety.

Greater vehicle connectivity means greater vehicle autonomy, and that ultimately means greater mobility for

our customers.

INNOVATION COMMITTEE > 11 JUNE 2015

Contents

FOREWORD BY JEAN-MARC FINOT

REGULATIONS AND LEGAL ISSUES

DYNAMIC UNIT "GRAND CIRCUIT"

� MOBILITY CASE STUDIES

� AUTOMATED DRIVING AND TRAFFIC JAM CHAUFFEUR

� SAFE & INTUITIVE AUTONOMOUS DRIVING – HIGHWAY CHAUFFEUR

� AUGMENTED REALITY

STATIC UNIT "LA FERME"

� MULTI-MODAL HMI – MOVEMENT-BASED INTERACTION

� CASA: CAR SAFETY APPS

� MULTI-DEVICE CONNECTIVITY

� CITY PARK REMOTE PARKING

LA FERTÉ-VIDAME TEST CENTRE

CONTACTS


� The Vienna Convention currently forbids autonomous vehicles on the road:

Article 8. Drivers: Every driver shall at all times be able to control his vehicle or to guide his animals.

� A working group is studying the possibility of submitting an international amendment to the convention in 2017.

� If adopted, the amendments will then be transposed into national highway codes.

� UN: PSA is taking part in working parties to amend specific ECE regulations and allow autonomous driving(objective: 2017), namely ECE 79 on steering equipment and ECE 48 on lighting and light-signallingdevices.

� France: PSA is taking part in working groups on the autonomous vehicle at the French automobileconsortium PFA, and in the autonomous vehicle project in the French government's Nouvelle FranceIndustrielle reindustrialisation plan.

� A request to authorise tests of four PSA autonomous vehicles on French roads is currently under review.� China: Regulations also need to change before autonomous vehicles can be tested or sold.� US: Some state jurisdictions such as California and Nevada allow the testing of autonomous vehicles.

� Autonomous vehicles change the way the burden of responsibility is shared among drivers, manufacturersand infrastructure operators.

� Discussions are underway with insurance companies on dealing with claims.� The topic is being addressed by the PFA working group "CSTA 14".

International regulations – UN (ECE)

Legal issues

AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

REGULATIONS AND LEGAL ISSUES

Internationally defined levels of automation

Vienna Convention and national legislation

Eyes ON Eyes OFF Mind OFF

DYNAMIC UNIT "GRAND CIRCUIT"

� MOBILITY CASE STUDIES

� AUTOMATED DRIVING AND TRAFFIC JAM CHAUFFEUR

� SAFE & INTUITIVE AUTONOMOUS DRIVING – HIGHWAY CHAUFFEUR

� AUGMENTED REALITY


� Storyboarding of the mobility aspirations, expectations and usage scenarios of future autonomous vehicle customers.

� Timeframe: beyond 2020, when vehicles will be driving autonomously (OICA 3 then OICA 4*).

� Exploration of opportunities for innovation in products and services associated with driverless driving.

� Deliverables: illustrated storyboards in the form of animations and graphic novels.

� A Mobility Case Study is a set of specifications for future mobility that makes operationalrecommendations on innovations.

� Mobility Case Studies take a target customer base's aspirations, expectations and usage scenarios andproject them into the context of beyond 2020 to determine what challenges they would present forfuture mobility.

� Three Mobility Case Studies were carried out examining the opportunities associated with:

� OICA 3 and 4* driverless driving: Philippe, 2025;

� The "Traffic Jam Chauffeur": several personas, post-2020;

� The combination of different automation modes and their transitions.

STORYBOARDED MOBILITY CASE STUDIES

Applied to connected, autonomous vehicles

Benefits of the innovation

Description of the deliverable

� This approach looks at how to create value for mobile individuals through targeted disruptive innovations: which products and services to meet which aspirations/expectations?

Outlook


* International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA): Level 4 � the driver is not required in

certain usage scenarios (hands off the wheel, eyes off the road, mind off monitoring the driving)

A forward-looking,people-centred

approach

� Control over the vehicle's steering, brakes and powertrain is automated.

� In addition to navigation data, a number of sensors are used to detect the surrounding environment,such as front and rear 77GHz radars, a front-view camera, ultrasound sensors all around the vehicle,cameras on the car body, a 'hands on' detection sensor and a driver monitoring camera.

� Drivers can monitor driving and take back control via intuitive Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs). Thisallows the car to adapt to traffic conditions and speed limits in a single lane, and to change lanes at thedriver's command.

� A less stressful, more comfortable driver experience.

� Reduced risk of driver fatigue in monotonous driving situations.

� Fewer accidents caused by human error.

Benefits for the customer

� Drivers can give the vehicle control of monotonous driving tasks in certain suitable situations such as on motorways and other dual carriageways.

� The driver remains in control of the vehicle and constantly monitors driving so as to be immediately able to take back control at any time.

AUTOMATED DRIVING – LEVEL 2

Automated driving monitored by the driver


Description of the technology

� Five demonstration vehicles operational, trials underway.

� Gradual application of autonomous driving features from 2018 onwards.

Progress report


� The technology harnesses all the devices used for automated driving, plus a front-mounted laserscanner for redundant perception, a redundant braking/lateral guidance system and changes to theelectric and electronic architecture.

� A lane-keeping feature adapts to traffic conditions and speed limits.

� When necessary, a fallback mode guarantees the safety of the vehicle while the driver retakes control(5 to 10 seconds)

� Functional analysis and reliability impact assessment for an initial definition of production architecture.

� Representative prototype operational.

� Product launch scheduled for 2020, changes to the Vienna Convention permitting.

TRAFFIC JAM CHAUFFEUR – LEVEL 3

Autonomous driving in traffic jams without driver monitoring

� Level 3 autonomous driving: the driver is not expected to constantly monitor the driving but may berequired to retake control with sufficient warning.

� The vehicle self-drives on suitable roads (dual carriageways) in congested traffic travelling at speeds ofunder 50-70 km/h. This gives the driver time to perform other tasks, such as reading, sending textmessages and relaxing, in total safety.




Progress report


� More free time for the driver.

� A less stressful, more comfortable driving experience.



� The speed automatically adapts to the surrounding environment, taking into account the presence of other vehicles, road infrastructure and the applicable speed limit (from 0 to 130 km/h).

� Lane tracking and high-precision GPS route tracking guide the vehicle's steering.

� The vehicle can change lanes automatically including for overtaking, pulling back in and preparing to exit.

� The surrounding environment is reconstructed by fusing sensor prototypes, including a six-laser 360°scanner system, a multi-function camera, front and rear central radars and differential GPS.

� Laboratory vehicle operational.

� Technological components currently in the design phase, including sensor fusion units to reconstruct the environment, vehicle guidance modules and behaviour planners.

� Reliability studies underway on sensor redundancy, the impact of the architecture, etc.

� Application scheduled for 2023.

Progress report

SAFETY & INTUITIVE AUTONOMOUS DRIVING

HIGHWAY CHAUFFEUR – LEVEL 3

Autonomous driving on dual carriageways

without driver monitoring





� Level 3 autonomous driving: the driver is not expected to constantly monitor the driving but may be required to retake control with sufficient warning.

� The vehicle self-drives on suitable roads (dual carriageways) in all traffic conditions. This gives the driver time to perform other tasks, such as reading, sending text messages and relaxing, in total safety.

� More free time for the driver.

� A less stressful, more comfortable driving experience.



� Information is projected directly on the windscreen, leading to better perception of traffic conditions and by extension a safer, easier driving experience.

� Messages from the vehicle are easier to understand.

� Driving is more enjoyable.

� Initial applications scheduled for 2020 onwards.

Progress report

AUGMENTED REALITY

Augmented reality applied to cars





� All information needed for driving is concentrated on the road, leading to better perception of traffic conditions and by extension a safer, easier driving experience.

� Potential hazards are indicated in exactly the right place on the driver's view of the road scene, thereby improving safety.

� A better understanding of the vehicle's behaviour improves the efficiency of driver assistance systems.

� The technology contributes to the HMI system for self-driving.

� A Head-Up Display (HUD) system on the windscreen projects a 5°x10° virtual image onto the windscreen in the driver's line of sight.

� Virtual information is superimposed over real objects on the road.

STATIC UNIT "LA FERME"

� MULTI-MODAL HMI – MOVEMENT-BASED INTERACTION

� CASA: CAR SAFETY APPS

� MULTI-DEVICE CONNECTIVITY

� CITY PARK REMOTE PARKING


� More intuitive commands make driving safer and more comfortable.

� The functions are easy and enjoyable to use.

� Application scheduled for 2020.

Progress report

MULTI-MODAL HMI

Movement-based interaction





� This innovation offers users a new, more natural and more efficient way to interact with their vehicle.

� The car adapts to each driver's needs and expectations and responds to various communicationmethods, including voice, touch and movement.

� The driver can control the multimedia display, sunroof blind and roof lighting with the new contactlessmovement tracker.

� Sensors implanted in the driver compartment respond to specific movements, duplicating existing touchand voice controls.

� The driver's smartphone is transformed into a 'guardian angel' of sorts that warns them of road hazards, monitors their behaviour and health, and helps them to drive better.

� A Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) approach offers affordable driver assistance features by leveraging the capabilities available on the driver's smartphone.

� The interface is safe and efficient.

� First applications scheduled for 2018.

Progress report

CASA: CAR SAFETY APPS

Information-based advanced driver assistance systems

(ADAS) no longer a luxury





� This collaborative French project aims to:

� Foster the emergence of affordable information-based ADAS features;

� Determine how the driver, the driver's mobile applications and in-vehicle data can interact safely and effectively.

� These smartphone-based driver assistance applications harness:

� the smartphone's sensors and other resources to help the driver understand the drivingenvironment and their own state of health and to manage the various features;

� communication between the smartphone and the vehicle to process vehicle data and controlvehicle features (Car Easy Apps solution).

� A test platform simulates the vehicle and its environment to enable the applications to be developed,approved and demonstrated.

� Users have access to their own connected content in an environment that is compatible with road rules.

� The Car Easy Apps solution enhances the driving experience by offering a high-level of controlled, safeinteraction with the vehicle.

� MirrorLink: available on PSA vehicles since 2014.

� CarPlay: available on PSA vehicles in 2015.

� Android Auto: available on PSA vehicles in 2016.

� Car Easy Apps: available on PSA vehicles in 2016.

Progress report

MULTI-DEVICE CONNECTIVITY

Smartphones driving the user experience





� This innovation offers a triple play service by allowing different smartphone-vehicle connectivity solutionsto coexist on the embedded system, thereby ensuring compatible car-mode applications for theirdevices:

� Three solutions for extending the smartphone to the in-dash display:

� MirrorLink, the Car Connectivity Consortium standard

� CarPlay by Apple

� Android Auto by Google

� One manufacturer-controlled and -secured solution for exchanging data and activating thevehicle actuators.

� The technologies reproduce the smartphone display on the car's embedded multimedia display using connectivity standards such as Wi-Fi and USB and consumer electronics protocols like Airplay and VNC.

� The software architecture uses exchange protocols similar to the web, and security mechanisms (Car Easy Apps).

� Customers benefit from greater comfort, accessibility and ease of use every day.

� Smartphone-based testing resource operational through Wi-Fi.

� First remote parking applications scheduled for 2020 onwards.

Progress report

CITY PARK REMOTE PARKING

Automated parking in just a few taps of the smartphone





� City Park allows drivers to be out of their car but close enough to keep an eye on it while they:

� Finish parking, turn off the engine and lock the doors;

� Unlock the car, start the engine and get the vehicle to begin a short journey.

� Drivers can get in and out of their vehicle when parking in tight spaces.

� Some drivers will appreciate not having the stress of manoeuvring into very tight parking spaces.

� Park assist sensors detect the surrounding environment and provide the information necessary for calculating the vehicle's course.

� The City Park function then takes control of the steering, brakes, accelerator and gearbox to manoeuvre the vehicle into the parking space.

� A secure remote vehicle control interface is currently under consideration.

La Ferté-Vidame test centre

� The La Ferté-Vidame test centre in north-western France is used by the Group to trial passenger carsand light commercial vehicles under severe and varied conditions well before their market launch.

� The fully enclosed site is surrounded by trees, meets strict security and confidentiality criteria and iskept under close surveillance.

� Spread over 800 hectares, the La Ferté-Vidame site has several kilometres of tracks for testingvehicle endurance, driveability, comfort, road handling, performance, running noise, and city andmotorway driving compatibility.

� Every year, 4 million kilometres of tests are conducted at the La Ferté-Vidame test centre.

� Test drivers carry out around 20,000 kilometres of tests each day.

� All test drivers undergo suitable driver and workstation training in how to perform in the predefineddriving conditions without compromising their safety, while also ensuring the technical teams haveaccess to the maximum amount of information for processing.


Media Relations

For more information on Group innovations, please contact the PSA Peugeot CitroënMedia Relations Department:

Laure de [email protected]+33 1 40 66 35 42

Alain Le [email protected]+33 1 40 66 58 54

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Aurélie Briout

[email protected]+33 6 62 33 55 01

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