road diets jennifer a. rosales, p.e. senior professional associate supervising transportation...
TRANSCRIPT
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Road Diets
Jennifer A. Rosales, P.E.Senior Professional Associate
Supervising Transportation Engineer
Presentation to ACEC/ODOT
April 15, 2008
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Overview
• What is a “Road Diet”
• Road Diet Handbook
– Case Studies
– Feasibility Factors
– Design Guidelines
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Road Diet Concept
• Lane Reduction
• Four-to-two lane conversion
• Benefits to all modes of
transportation
– Improved mobility and access
– Improved livability and quality of life
– Economic and community goals
Photo simulation by Todd Boulanger, COV
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Road Diet Concept
Safety benefits– Reduced vehicle
speeds– Reduced conflict
points– Improved sight
distance
- Improved pedestrian & bike safety
Graphics by PB
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Road Diet Concept
• Minimal effect on capacity
• ADT thresholds
• Traffic diversion 2-15
percentPhoto by James Hencke, PB
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Road Diet Concept
• Simple as re-striping
• Cost-effective
• Optional enhancements
• Enhances environment
Photo by GB Arrington, PB
Photo by James Hencke, PB
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Road Diet Concept
Other Road Diet Examples– One-way streets– Three to two
lanes– Six to five lanes
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Road Diet Handbook: Setting Trends by Livable Streets
Foreword
Acknowledgments
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Previous Studies
3.0 Case Studies
4.0 Road Diet Guidelines
Appendices
References
Graphic Courtesy of PB
PB’s commitment to Sustainability
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Road Diet Case Studies
• Vancouver, Washington
• Clear Lake, Iowa
• Athens, Georgia
• Toronto, Canada
• Dunedin, New Zealand
Graphic Courtesy of PB
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Livability Survey
• Purpose – examine livability impacts
• Survey modeled from Livable Streets– Street perceptions including traffic, safety,
comfort
– Street life activities
– Reactions
• Survey medium varied
Photo by GB Arrington, PB
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Road Diet Case Studies
Fourth Plain Boulevard in Vancouver, Washington
– Arterial ~ 17,000 ADT
– Re-striping project in 2002
– Bike lanes
– ADA ramps & utilities
– Improved safety, mobility and
access for all users
Photo credits: Todd Boulanger, COV
BeforeBefore
AfterAfter
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Road Diet Case StudiesFourth Plain Boulevard in Vancouver,
Washington– Crashes 52 %
– Traffic speeds 18 %
– No traffic diversion
– Pedestrian & bike benefits
– Redevelopment and renovations
– Measured economic growth
– Easier to cross street
– Street “feels” safer
– 67% Yes, 21% Maybe, 12% NoPhoto credits: Todd Boulanger, COV
BeforeBefore
AfterAfter
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Road Diet Case Studies
Baxter Street in Athens, Georgia– Arterial ~ ADT 20,000– Safety Demonstration Project
in 1999– Re-striping– Bike lanes– Transit corridor
Photo credits: David Clark, Athens-Clarke County, GA
AfterAfter
BeforeBefore
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Road Diet Case Studies
Baxter Street in Athens, Georgia– Overall crashes 53 % and at
unsignalized locations 60%
– Traffic Diversion ~ 4%
– Easier to cross street
– Slower speeds
– Home and business improvements
– Perceived number of lanes and street width is "just right"
– 47% Yes, 33% Maybe, 20% NoPhoto credits: David Clark, Athens-Clarke County, GA
AfterAfter
BeforeBefore
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Road Diet Case Studies
Kaikorai Valley Road in Dunedin, New Zealand
– Arterial ~ 10,000 ADT
– 2003 conversion
– 4 to 2 lanes with CTL/median
– Cycle lanes and landscaping
– Exist Parking
– Project length ~ 2.4 km (1.5 mi)
Photo credits: Ron Minnema, Traffic Engineer, Dunedin City Council
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Road Diet Case Studies
Kaikorai Valley Road, Dunedin, NZ
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Road Diet Case Studies
Kaikorai Valley Road in Dunedin, New Zealand
– Crashes 30 %
– Pedestrians and bicyclists
– No traffic diversion
– Perceived # of lanes and street width "just right"
– Home and business improvements
– 42% Yes, 31% Maybe, 27% No
Photo credits: Ron Minnema, Traffic Engineer, Dunedin City Council
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Road Diet Case Studies
US 18 in Clear Lake, Iowa– State Highway ~ 12,000 ADT
– Re-striping project in 2003
– 4 to 2 lanes with TWLTL
– Extra width – shoulders
– Highway through town
Photos by Jennifer Rosales, PB
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Road Diet Case Studies
US 18 in Clear Lake, Iowa– Crashes 65 %
– Aggressive speeding 52%
– Adequate traffic operation & good mobility
– Mixed perceptions - striping confusing
– Livability benefits still to be realized
Photos by Jennifer Rosales, PB
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Road Diet Case Studies
St. George Street in Toronto, Canada– Minor Arterial ~ ADT 7,500
– Through University campus
– Two project phases ’93 & ‘96
– Cycle lanes, on-street parking, wider sidewalks, urban landscaping
– Alternate paving materials
Photos by Jennifer Rosales, PB
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Road Diet Case Studies
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Road Diet Case StudiesSt. George Street in Toronto,
Canada– Crashes 40 %
– Pedestrians and bicycles
– No traffic diversion
– Easier to cross street
– Perceived slower speeds, "feels safer,” perceived increase in pedestrians and bicyclists
– 81% Yes, 12% Maybe, 6% No
Photos by Jennifer Rosales, PB
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Road Diet Example – Tacoma Street, Portland
• Curb Extensions• Refuge Islands
• ADT 30,000• 4 lanes to 2 lanes
with center turn lane• On-street parking
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• Traffic Diversion – minimal
• Peak hour traffic- spread
• Overall Traffic
• Speeding Decreased
• Increased parking
• Improved pedestrian environment
BeforeBefore
AfterAfter
Road Diet Example – Tacoma Street, Portland
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Road Diet Handbook: Setting Trends by Livable Streets
Foreword
Acknowledgments
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Previous Studies
3.0 Case Studies
4.0 Road Diet Guidelines
Appendices
References
Graphic Courtesy of PB
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Road Diet Guidelines – Identification and Evaluation
• Feasibility Factors– Roadway Function and
Environment
– Overall Traffic Volume and Level of Service
– Turning Volumes and Patterns
– Frequent-Stop and Slow-Moving Vehicles (Agriculture, Buses, Buggies)
Reference: Knapp, Keith and K. Giese, Guidelines for the Conversion of Urban Four-Lane Undivided Roadways to Three-Lane Two-Way Left-Turn Lane Facilities Final Report, Iowa State University, April 2001.
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Road Diet Guidelines – Identification and Evaluation
• Feasibility Factors, cont.– Weaving, Speed, and
Queues – Crash Types and Patterns– Pedestrian and Bicycle
Activity – Right-of-Way Availability,
Cost, and Acquisition Impacts
– Presence of Parallel Routes – Other Contextual
Considerations Reference: Knapp, Keith and K. Giese, Guidelines for the Conversion of Urban Four-Lane Undivided Roadways to Three-Lane Two-Way Left-Turn Lane Facilities Final Report, Iowa State University, April 2001.
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Design Guidelines and Concepts
• Traveled Way• Suggested Left-Turn
Treatments• Transitions• Bicycle Facilities• On-Street Parking • Pedestrian Realm
Graphic Reference: MUTCD, Federal Highway Administration, 2003.
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Typical Road Diet Cross-Sections
Graphics Courtesy of PB
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Traffic Calming and Roundabout Options
• Pavement texturing/coloring• Curb extensions• Medians• Landscaping• Street trees• Narrow streets• On-street parking• Chicanes• Chokers• Raised crosswalks• Raised intersections• Diagonal diverters• Selective enforcement
Photo by Jennifer Rosales, PB
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Green Street Options/Enhancements
• Street Trees
• Reduced Imperviousness
• Permeating or Eliminating Curb and Gutter
• Vegetative Filter Strips
• Swales
• Linear Detention Basin
• Infiltration Trench
• Infiltration Basin
• Solar
Photos by Jennifer Rosales, PB
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• Pavement reconstruction project or jurisdictional transfer
• Other supporting conditions such as parallel route
• Consider community requests• Tech evaluation and
community involvement – keys to success
• Pilot project study• With other corridor
improvements• With concurrent pavement
overlay projects.
Planning
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Implementing
• Public Education• Manage community
expectations• Consider focus groups,
workshops, open houses• Consider traffic calming• Consider “greening”• Include access management
strategies• Address key intersection
operations• Repair sidewalks and ramps• Police enforcement
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Road Diets - Summary
• Meet transportation need
• Safety benefits
• Livability Benefits
• Asset to the community
• Compatible with the environment
• Cost-effective
• “Better than Before”