riverdale net zero project - zero energy homes
TRANSCRIPT
Gordon Howell, P.Eng.Howell-Mayhew Engineering © 2008
EdmontonPhone: +1 780 484 0476 E-mail: [email protected]
RiverdaleNetZeroProject– One of Canada’s First 12 NetZero Energy Homes –
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Focus of Presentation
Tell you about the house
Show you:– What net zero energy means
– How we achieved it
– What we’ve learned
Answer some frequently asked questions
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Information in the Presentation
Repeat information:– from previous presentations;
– to introduce people to the house who have not known about it.
New information:– from additional performance modelling;
– today’s construction costs;
– new ways of presenting concepts.
There continue to be changes in the information:– as we learn more about the house and its costs and
performance more accurately.
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Objective of Presentation
See what solar energy and energy efficiency can do in houses when they are combined
To empower you to get ready for the energy and environmental issues coming upon us:
– to reduce your electricity and gas bills;
– to reduce your environmental footprint;
– to increase your energy security;
– to leave a legacy…
Service to others…is the rent you pay for your room here on earth. Muhammad Ali
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My Role…
I am a solar system project developerI am not an equipment supplierI have no vested interest in any technology
My interest is that you choose wisely– with your eyes wide open– based on the facts and whether it is right for you
or not.
We are open for questions, challenges…
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Riverdale NetZero Team – Proponents
Peter Amerongen Habitat Studio and Workshop– designer, builder, developer
Andy Smith, P.Eng. Solnorth Engineering– consultant, structural engineer, passive solar heating
Gordon Howell, P.Eng. Howell-Mayhew Engineering– consultant, electrical engineer, solar PV, performance monitoring
Plus 45 additional team members…
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Net Zero Energy Healthy Housing Competition
72 teams across Canada indicated their interest to CMHC in 2006 July.
20 were selected to design the project in 2006 August.
12 were selected to build their proposed project in 2006 October:– Quebec – 3 projects (Verdun, Eastman, Hudson)– Ontario – 3 projects (2 in Toronto, 1 in Ottawa)– Manitoba – 1 project (Winnipeg)– Saskatchewan – 1 project (Prince Albert)– Alberta – 4 projects (Edmonton, 2 in Red Deer, 1 in Calgary)
CMHC brand:“EQuilibrium Housing”
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Elements of EQuilibrium HousingHealth
– Indoor air qualityEmissionsThermal comfortMoistureParticle controlVentilation
– Daylighting– Noise control– Water quality
Energy– Annual energy consumption– Renewable energy strategy– Peak electricity demand– Embodied energy strategy
Resources– Sustainable materials– Durability– Material efficiency– Water conservation– Adaptability / flexibility
Environment– Land use planning– Sediment and erosion control– Storm water management– Waste water management– Solid waste management– Air pollution emissions
Affordability– Financing– Marketability
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Discussions of EQuilibrium Housing
Technology– Products– Performance simulation– Design– Installation– Operation– Monitoring
Attributes of House– Energy– Indoor environment (air, water)– Outdoor environment (water, landscaping)– Sustainability, materials– Emissions (air, water, land, waste)– Costs, economics
Organisation of Society– Policy– Infrastructure– Industrial capacity– Incentives– Subsidies– Remove competing subsidies
Technology Transfer– Communication– Awareness– Education– Training– Demonstration– Marketing
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Why is it called a Net Zero Energy Home?
A home that generates all its heat and electricity on an annual basis.
It still uses energy…but it gets all its energyfrom renewable sources (usually solar)
Net zero is just the dividing line between– net deficit (when your house needs energy from the grid
because it doesn’t generate enough), and– net surplus (when the environment is better off
because your house exists).
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The Net Zero Energy Target!
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0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Conventional Efficient Efficient & Renewable
Conventional Energy Add
expensive renewable
energy
Net zero energy home
Achieving Net Zero Energy
#2#1 #2
Renewable Energy
Purchased Energy
Inexpensive, reliable energy
efficiency…
#1 #2
– the most expensive way…
Cost: $250k
Where is it?
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0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Conventional Efficient Efficient & Renewable
Purchased Energy
Conventional Energy
More expensive renewable
energy
Net zero energy home
Achieving Net Zero Energy
#3#1 #2
Inexpensiveenergy efficiency
Efficient Efficient & Renewable
#1 #3#2(but…energy efficiency is emotionally boring)
– the least expensive way…
Cost: $90k to $110k( and decreasing)
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0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Conventional Efficient Efficient & Renewable
Energy efficiency:
most important, least expensive
Net zero energy home
#1 More expensive…
yeah, but really exciting
Efficient & Renewable
Renewable Energy
#3#2
ConventionalEnergy
Purchased Energy
Renewable energy
#1 #3#2
– the most exciting way…Achieving Net Zero Energy
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How do you plan for a net zero energy house?
Minimisethe heating and electricity consumption of the house
– The cheapest energy option
Maximisesolar energy contribution to the house’s heating and electricity supply
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Design Challenge:
We know:– the goal is net zero energy…– we need large amounts of energy efficiency (EE)
and large amounts of renewable energy (RE).
??
Cost of home’s efficiency energy
Cost of home’s renewable energy
Amount of energy efficiency or renewable energy needed to achieve net zero energy
Where is the point where we decide between using more EE and using more RE?
Cost of NZE home
Small amounts of inexpensive energy efficiency
Require large amounts of expensive renewable energy
Optimum cost point…Where is it?
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The Design Challenge:Is it possible to achieve NZ energy?
An average house uses:– Around 6 times more heating fuel energy
than electricity!
– Biggest challenge is not in supplying household electricity…
– Instead … it is in supplying home heating!
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Integrated Design Process
1.Orientation
& shape
2.Site
design
3.Lighting,
daylighting & electricity
4.Ventilation
5.Heating &
cooling
6.Material selection
8.Quality
assurance
7.Envelope
design
© 1994-2008 Teresa CoadyBunting Coady Architects, Vancouver
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Energy Flows – Standard Home
© 1982-2008 Gordon HowellHowell-Mayhew Engineering, Edmonton
Heat loss through envelope
Heat loss from ventilation air(forced plus natural ventilation)
Heat loss from waste water
Electricity used outside the home
Home’s envelope(walls, ceiling, floor, windows, doors)
Any solar heating ??
Passive solar for space heating– all windows
Appliances, lights,
electricalequipment
===============================So, we need some heat
and we need some electricity.
From where do we get it?
Why does a home have an electricity bill and a natural gas bill?
Because its on-site production of electricity and heat is not sufficient to meet
its electrical and heating requirements and so itneeds to import energy from the grids.
Any solar power or wind power??
Coal and natural gas electricity imported
from grid
Hea
tElectricity
Natural gas imported from grid
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===============================The second key
to net zero energy housing is to minimise and control
the heat loss…
Appliances, lights, electrical equipment
Energy Flows – Riverdale NetZero Home
© 1982-2008 Gordon HowellHowell-Mayhew Engineering, Edmonton
Heat loss through envelope
Heat loss from ventilation air(forced plus natural ventilation)
Heat loss from waste water
Home’s envelope(walls, ceiling, floor, windows, doors)
Active solar heat for water and home
Passive solar for home heating– all windows
Solar photovoltaics (PV) for electricity
===============================The third key
to net zero energy housing is to maximise and control
the energy gains…
===============================The first key
to net zero energy housing is to control
the electricity usage…
Electricity used outside the home
Net Zero Goal:Electricity imported from grid
minusElectricity exported to grid
=Zero when added up over the year
Surplus solar electricity exported to grid
Coal and natural gas electricity imported
from grid
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68 80 to 82 90 100Today’sAverage
NewHousing
R-2000 /EnergyStar
Performance– 1/3 reduction
Approx.Maximum
Performancewith Efficiency Alone
– 2/3 reduction
Net ZeroEnergy
Performance
EnerGuide Rating
Energy Consumption
(% compared to average new construction)
100% -
67% -
33% -
Energy Efficiency
Renewable Energy
High EnerGuide numbers become more expensive to reach – because increasing amounts of
the energy savings are wasted in the summer.
ecoENERGYBuilt Green
Gold
78-7962 to 65
1990s homes
1970s homes
55 to 58
Efficiency & Renewables to Get to Net Zero
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Riverdale NetZero Energy Homeduplex1844 ft2 per unit3 bedroomsFaces SSE
Garage: 1 regular car or 4 Smart carsintegrated with city bus transportation
walking distance from downtown
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Riverdale NetZero Energy Home
Passive solar for home heating– all windows
Active solar heating system for water and home heating
Solar PV system for electricity
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Main Floor
LR
LRDR
DR
K
K
Garage
Garage
B
B
EntranceDeck
Deck
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Upper Floor
B
B
BR
BRMB
BRBR
MB
NookNook
Balcony
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Order of Priorities for Achieving a Net Zero Energy Home
Electrical fixtures and appliances – electricalWater fixtures and appliances – waterBuilding envelope – heating
Passive solar home heating…???Active solar thermal for household water heating…???Active solar thermal for home heating…???Solar air heating… ???Geothermal heat pump…???
Solar photovoltaics…???Microwind…???
Ultra-highefficiency technologies
Heatingtechnologies
Electricity technologies
}
}}
- cheapest to most expensive
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#1. Electrical Efficiency
Energy Efficient Appliances– Stove/oven, refrigerator, clothes dryer, clothes washer– Using the most efficient EnerGuide rated appliances
Energy Efficient Lighting– compact fluorescents, LEDs– task lighting– day lighting through windows
Energy Efficient Motors– ventilation, heating
Control of Phantom Electrical Loads
Uses only 4500 kWh (about $500 per year)(conventional is 9058 kWh, about $1000 per year)
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#2. Water Efficiency + Heat RecoveryTo reduce consumption of water and the energy used to heat itHousehold hot water consumption:
– average: 225 L per day– Riverdale: 100 litres of hot water per day
Drain water heat recovery– reduces water heating to
equivalent of 90 L/d
Low flow shower heads and faucetsWater conserving dishwasherWater conserving clothes washer
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Riverdale NZE 90s house 70s houseWall construction: double 2x4 single 2x6 single 2x4
#3. Energy Efficiency – most important
Insulation:– ceiling: R-100 R-28 to 34 R-12– walls: R-56 R-20 R-8– basement walls: R-54 R-8 (upper part) nothing– basement floor: R-24 nothing nothing
Windows: 3-glazed (S, E, W) 2-glazed 2-glazed4-glazed (N)low-e, argon gas
Air leakage rate: 0.5 AC/hour 4 to 6 AC/hour 5 to 7 AC/hourVentilation system: with heat recovery none none
80% efficient
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Wall Constructionand Insulation
Double-stud 2x4– Easily able to be reproduced
by home builders
Cellufibre insulation– Recycled newspapers – Low embodied energy– Locally produced– Sequestered carbon– Not a hydrocarbon product
– Walls: 400 mm (R- 56)– Ceiling: 690 mm (R-100)
Outside of wall
Inside of wall (405 mm,
16 inches)
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Wall detail and AVB
Polyethylene air barrier stub
(as per building code)
Space for cellufibre insulation
Air barrier is on the warm side of the inside stud
Outside of wall Inside of wall
(405 mm, 16 inches)
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Window Header Framing DetailsSpace for the window’s
structural support plus lots of insulation
Need insulation here, not wood, but also need structural support for window
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Basement Wall Insulation
Space for cellufibre insulation (R33)
IsocyanurateInsulation (R13)
Expanded polystyrene insulation (R8)
50% fly-ash concrete
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Ceiling InsulationHeight of attic hatch shows
the depth of the attic insulation to achieve R-100
(690 mm, 27 inches)
Attic hatch
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North windows 4-glazings
R-10
East/west windows
3-glazingsR-8.3
South windows 3-glazings
R-7.3
Soft low emissivity coatingsArgon gas between the glazings“Warm edge” spacerInsulated fibreglass framesManufactured by Duxton, Winnipeg
High Performance Windows
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2007 June 9
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EnerGuide rating:(building envelope efficiency) 86 62 to 65 55 to 58
(Built Green Gold = 78, 79)(R-2000 = 80 to 82)
Riverdale NZE 90s house 70s house
Floor area: 1844 ft2 1500 to 1800 1500 to 1800
Results: Heat Loss at Winter Design Conditions
Heat loss at –32°C: 6.6 kW 20 to 26 kW 29 to 35 kW(22,400 BTU/h) (70,000 to 90,000) (100,000 to 120,000)
_____________________________________________________________# of 4-slice toasters 4 12 to 15 17 to 21to heat the house (or 6 hair dryers) (18 to 22) (24 to 30)at –32°C at night
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EnerGuide rating: 93(electricity efficiency, passive solar)
#4. Passive Solar Home Heating
16.9 m2 of south glazing = 10% of floor area
20,000 kg thermal mass– Feature wall– Concrete counter tops– Extra drywall
Provides daylight to further reduce electricity consumption
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#5. Active Solar Water Heating
#6. Active Solar Home Heatingcombined system
7 Zen collectors – high-efficiency flat-plate collectors(21 m2) – mounted on a vertical tilt
– to maximise winter solar gain– to eliminate snow cover– to maximise reflected solar energy
300 litres – hot water storage – water heating+ 17 000 litres – warm water storage in basement – home heating
Drainback system – water-based – does not use glycol
EnerGuide rating: 96
May include a very small solar-assist heat pump (3/4 T)
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Concrete tank
17,000 Litre Solar Storage Tank
Some insulation
Tank with partial R50 insulation (walls and ceiling, R20 under floor)
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12 kW electrictop-up water heater
17,000 litrewater-filled solar heat storage
tank
Solar Pump
8w
7w
6w5w
1s
2sDrain water heat recovery unit
Household hot water loads
Solar thermal collectorsQty: 7 Brand: Conergy from BelgiumGross area: 3.1 m2 each, 21 m2 total
WaterMains
Heat exchanger4s
3s
9w
Household water heating
(This shows concept.Actual design is slightly modified.)
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12 kW electrictop-up water heater
17,000 litrewater-filled solar heat storage
tank
Solar Pump
10f
6h
5h
Fan-coil
pump
Fan-coil
12a
14a
Coolreturn air
from house
Heated supply air to house
Home heating(This shows concept.
Actual design is slightly modified.)
Solar thermal collectors
1s
2s
4s
3s
7h9f
11f
13a
8h
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Solar assist heat pump
(This shows concept.Actual design is
slightly modified.)
Very small, ¾ T capacity (like a large fridge)
Makes the solar collectors more efficient in winter- cools storage tank faster
Allows more heat to be drawn from the solar tank- about 600 kWh
Provides cooling in the summer, if needed
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Air heat recovery ventilator
Fan-coil2a
8f
Standard air ventilating system with heat recovery
57fCool stale
house air
exhaustedto outside
Warm stale house air
drawn from bathrooms and kitchen
Cold fresh outside air
4s
Cold air
return1a
Heated fresh air to
all rooms in house
6s
Warm fresh outside air supplied to
house3a
Cold fresh air
drawn from outside
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Heating SystemForced airUses ventilation system that is already required by the houseLow-speed fan – very quietGives uniform room temperatures
Heat and air supply vents to centre of rooms
Return air at outside of wall
Can do this because the walls and windows have such high R-values and so:
– the walls and windows will be warmer; and
– the rooms will need such little amounts of heat.
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EnerGuide rating: 100.4
(surplus of 580 kWh/year)
#7. Solar Electric Power System
28 Sanyo high efficiency (17%) 200 W PV modules (Japan)– 33 m2, 5600 W in bright sunshine– Solar array is mounted at 53°tilt to:
minimise snow cover, and maximise annual electricity production
called “photovoltaics” or PV
SMA Sunny Boy 6000W grid-dependent inverter (Germany)No battery bankExports to grid every day of the year (even cloudy days)
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PV Array Installation
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PV Array Installation
49www.riverdalenetzero.caSolar energy is the ultimate in wireless nuclear fusion
… where the fusion generator is very safely stored 150,000,000 km away!
kWh
PV Array
kWh
DC
Wire Service Provider's electricity distribution lines
AC
All electrical circuits in a house or building
Importmeter
Export meter
1
2
3
4
Inverter
This is by far the most common configuration for a grid-connected solar power system.There is no battery bank.
How How can you can you generate generate
electricity into electricity into your your house house
and also and also back into the grid?back into the grid?
kWh
kWh
©1995-2008
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PV Array
DC
AC
All electrical circuits in a house or building
1
2
3
4
Inverter
The inverter senses that there is a power outage and turns itself off.
When power returns it turns itself on automatically.
People who say it cannot be done… should not interrupt those who are doing it. George Bernard Shaw
What happens What happens during a during a
power outagepower outage??
Wire Service Provider's electricity distribution lines
kWh
kWhImportmeter
Export meter
kWh
kWh
©1995-2008
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kWh
ExportImport
kWh
1 kWh 1 kWh 1 kWh
PV system owner Neighbour
Electricity distribution lines
Ordinary kWh meter (goes both ways)
Ordinary kWh meter
Neighbour pays the ER and the WO full fees for the electricity and its delivery.
PV system owner runs the meter backwards, sending the previously
imported electricity back for full credit. In effect, the PV system owner stores the Energy Retailer's electricity but without charging any storage fee.
Exported electricity is carried to neighbour without extracarriage fees, and displaces the electricity that wouldhave been otherwise provided by the Energy Retailer.
12
3
4Electricity paid in full
1 kWh supplied, 1 kWh paid for ©1995-2008
How does "net metering" work?("net metering" means "running your meter backward")
- as solar power system owners see itEnergy Retailer & Wires Service Provider
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ExportImport
kWh
1 kWh 1 kWh 1 kWh
PV system owner
Bidirectional kWh meter
Ordinary kWh meter
AESO pays the provincial export price for the electricity. Since this electricity
exists on the grid at this customer point, the Energy Retailer, in effect, swaps this electricity with the AESO in exchange for the electricity that its own supplier would have generated.
Some Wire Service Providers have meter data management fees that are quite high relative to the value of the electricity delivered ($2 to $10 fees per day to deliver 40¢ to $1.50 worth of electricity). Its time we work together to resolve this.
Electricity paid in full
Energy Retailer sells it to the neighbour for full retail price.
Net billing permits exported electricity to be valued at any price, such as:- a discounted wholesale price,- a price equal to the import price, or- a premium feed-in (green) price.
12
3
4
1 kWh supplied, 1 kWh paid for
kWh
©1995-2008
How does net billing work?Energy Retailer & Wires Service Provider
Electricity distribution lines
Neighbour
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2008 January 03
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How about Cooling?Very small cooling requirements…
Passive cooling:– Ventilation through openable windows,– Shading on the south windows,– Low solar heat gain coefficient (tinting) on the east and west
windows.
Active cooling:– Ground loops under the garage and next to the foundation
provide a very small amount of cooling to the fan coil and to the solar assist heat pump
– Using the solar heating system as an active solar cooling system?
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What we did not use…Insulated concrete forms (ICF)– great products,
– more expensive than RNZ wall,
– did not give us the R-value we needed,
– very high embodied energy and manufacturing emissions.
Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs)– great products,
– more expensive than RNZ wall,
– is a hydrocarbon product.
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What we did not use…Radiant floor heating– great system,
– more expensive than RNZ low-speed forced air heating,
– not necessary – duplicates existing air distribution system,
– did not see an advantage in comfort – we are already going to be comfortable with our warm walls, warm windows, no drafts, and even temperature.
Window shutters (inside or outside)Concerns with:– condensation, air sealing, – rattling, effective R-value, – would they be used consistently?, – cost.
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What we did not use…
Evacuated tube solar collectors (ETC)– great technology,– more expensive than flat-plate collectors,– concerned about durability.
Geothermal Heat Pump (GTHP)– great technology,– was a possibility,– did consider it,– could still be a good option if we did not
have an active solar space heating system.
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Why use expensive electricity instead of cheap natural gas?
If we supplied our backup heat from natural gas,we would only be need 4.6 GJ worth of heat, which would meanwe would need to burn 4.9 GJ of natural gas to get this heat.
This would cost us:– $42 for the gas (= $40 to heat the house and $2 to heat the water)– plus $348 for the annual service charges – for a total of $390 per year.
Natural gas: $390 for 4.6 GJ of heat = $84 /GJ.
Electricity: $145 for 4.6 GJ of heat at $31 /GJ.
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Other options to consider on next houses
Solarwall air pre-heating
Solarwall air heating to recover heat from solar PV system
Very small geothermal heat pump
Recycling grey water in the house
Solarwall pre-heat to clothes dryer
Drying cabinet (as supplement to clothes dryer)
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Water heating energy [kWh]
8250 kWh
Water efficiency + Heat recovery
Conventional home
Active solar heating
98% 100%
Solar PV
75%
natural gas------
Home heating energy [kWh]
22,970 kWh
RNZ with conventional construction
53% savings
Heating efficiency:building envelope and mechanical systems
Internal gains(electricity and people)
Passive solar heating
Active solar heating
66%
85%
95%0
100%
Solar PV
Heating: natural gas-------------
Electrical energy [kWh]
9060 kWh
Conventional home
Solar PV
-620
surplus
Electrical efficiency
52%
107%
Energy Consumption(preliminary numbers)
electricity------ electricity-------
4350
2060
7890
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Water heating costs
$259 energy costs
Water efficiency + Heat recovery
Conventional home
$62
Active solar heating
95%$8
Solar PV
76%natural gas
Home heating bill
$1070 bill
RNZ with conventional construction, reduced by passive solar and internal gains (people and electricity)
$688
36% savings
Heating efficiencyInternal gains(electricity and people)
Passive solar heating
Active solar heating
$594
44%
$457
57%
$137
87%
$0 bill100%
Solar PV
Supplementary heating: natural gas
Electricity bill
Conventional home
Solar PV
Electrical efficiency
42%
88%
Energy Bills (2007 prices)
Costs: $25k none ??? $16k $2.5k $8k $2k $35k
$722 energy costs
$340
$246
$109
$1012 energy costs
$502
$7.5k $1k
$1226 bill
Natural gas subscription fees = $348 /year
Electricity subscription fees = $214 /year {
gas elecgas electricity -$48
gas
100% $0 costs
$166 bill
$716
}
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Electrical energyemissions [kg]
Water heating emissions [kg]
2240 kg
Water efficiency + Heat recovery
Conventional water heating
560
Active solar heating
94%130
100%0
Solar PV
75%
Home heating emissions [kg]
6250 kg
RNZ with conventional construction
2960 kg remaining
53% savings
Heating efficiency
Internal gains(electricity and people)
Passive solar heating
Active solar heating
2100
66%
915
85%
936
85%
0100%
Solar PV
7540 kg
Conventionalhome
3620
Solar PV
-510
Electrical efficiency
52%
107%
GHG Emissions
Helps to restore the environment
elecnatural gasgas gas
gas electricity
Supplementary heating: natural gas
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Total energy bill
Energy efficiency, internal gains, heat recovery
Conventional home
Active solar heating
94%
Solar PV
42%
Total fossil energy use
40,300 kWh
RNZ with conventional construction
65% savings
Energy efficiency, internal gains, heat recovery
Passive solar heating
Active solar heating
Solar PV
76%
86%
-620102%
Total emissions
Conventional home
Solar PV
Energy efficiency, internal gains, heat recovery
61%
103%
Capital costs: $30k $24k
14,300
9,800
5,600
16,040 kg
6,300
-510$44k
Summary$ 2541
$ 1464
$665
52%
Passive solar heating
$636
67%
$850
-$48
68%
5,100
Passive solar heating
71%
4,000
Active solar heating
elec.gas
Supplementary heating: natural gas
natural gas gas gas elec.
natural gas gas gas elec.
Green power value:$385 $152 $122 $113 -$12
$166
$ 1979
Sub. fees$562{
$902
$ 1228
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Preliminary Cost Numbers
Wall energy efficiency: $4 to 4.50 /ft2 extra
Energy efficiency: $20k to $30kSolar thermal: $25k to $30kSolar electricity: $40k to $50k
Total additional cost: ~$85k to $110kTotal house cost: ~$244 /ft2
Socialism collapsed because it did not allow the market to tell the economic truth. Øystein DahleCapitalism may collapse because it does not allow the market to tell the ecological truth. Exxon Norway
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NZE Home Energy Supply Options– preliminary cost comparison
Several competing options:
Solar PV with standard construction: $245 kSolar PV, standard construction, plus all energy and water efficient appliances: $216 k
Solar PV, solar thermal, energy/water efficiency,plus geothermal heat pump: $110 kSolar PV plus all energy efficient building envelope: $104 kRiverdale NZE house: $98 kSolar PV, all energy efficiency, geothermal heat pump: $92 kAll combinations of solar heating, solar PV, and geothermal heat pump are within ~$20k of each other.
Conclusion:Energy efficiency pays off very quicklyMany opportunities to develop innovative technologies, strategies and commercial capacity to achieve net zero energy.
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Why Net Zero Energy…
Why not just buy Green Power?Very important question
Does energy matter?– No!!! (but it is exciting to relate to and talk about…)
What really matters is:
– Environmental degradationcaused by the exploration, production, operation, transmission, distribution, maintenance and administration of natural gas and coal resources(through air, water and land emissions, plus destruction of wildlife and plant habitat)
– Resource depletion(natural gas, coal, fields, wildlife, plants, plus clean ground water, clean river water, clean air, clean ground)
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Net Zero Energy… or Green Power?
People who want one
2? Edmonton home builders
18 to 24months
$85k to $110k
0 m3
0 m3
0 kg
0 kg0 kg
$0$0
$162
Riverdale NZE home
ENMAX, Bullfrog Power, and ??Who supplies a NZ emissions home?
Most everyone,regardless of economic means
Who can buy a NZ emissions home?
$0Additional home construction costs
Now… with a phone call and credit card to a Green Power supplier
Time to accomplish NZ emissions goal
For heating: (originally 8500 kg) unchangedFor electricity: (orig. +7550 kg) now -8500 kg
Annual GHG air emissions
Natural gas for heating: (3000 m3) unchangedNatural gas for electricity: (+530 m3) now -500Coal for electricity: (+2040 kg) now -1910
Annual resource depletion(water not included)
For natural gas heating emissions: $204For coal & natural gas elec. emissions: $181
Additional annual Green Power costs
$2,625Annual energy bill
Same home except with standard construction, plus Green Power to offset all energy emissions
Strategy:
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• Native and low water plants• Rain water collection• Minimal lawn• Ron Berezan
TheUrbanFarmer.ca
Landscaping• All about much more than energy
• All about beauty, nature, low maintenance, fresh secure food…
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Use materials that:– Had low manufactured energy– Are cleanly manufactured– Have low transportation energy– Are highly durable
– Have high recycled content, are recyclableUses feature beams recycled from liquor store
Uses siding from the old house for finish exterior around the windows
– Have low off-gassing of VOC’s(volatile organic compounds)
Sustainable Materials, Air QualitySustainable materials database:GreenAlberta.ca
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Construction WasteMost efficient (?) framer in Edmonton– Reduces framing waste– Uses roughly the same amount of wood as an
identical non-efficient home
Recycle most of the building construction wastes– Sorted into bins on site– Bins placed next to curb so that neighbours
can take what they would find useful
PlasticCardboard
Firewood Useable scrap wood RhinoBag.ca
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In designing and building the house, what have we learned so far?
Likely we do not need to have a heat distribution system!– Standard ventilation system can be used to distribute any additional heat that
the rooms need in addition to the house
Make the house “grey water ready” so that when you want to add a grey water heat recovery system in the future, you will be ready for it.
Use more passive solar space heating and make sure it is controlled well.
The design, installation and control points for the active solar space heating system are quite complex.
Solar electric power is a very easy and flexible technology, though expensive.
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Barriers and Opportunities
LOTS of work to be done here…– Re-organisation of society’s energy and development priorities
Green loans – interest rates easily block energy efficiency andrenewable energy options
Changes to fossil fuel energy tariff and subsidy structure:– Elimination of utility bill monthly connection charges– Full-cost accounting for fossil fuel health care and environmental costs– Remove substantial subsidies on fossil fuels– Remove industrial-scale fees and taxes on renewable energy
– where policies need to facilitate change instead of blocking the changes…
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Financial Contributions
CMHC EQuilibrium Housing Initiative– $10k towards additional required design charrette, – $50k (roughly $25k towards additional required monitoring, project
reporting and $25k towards some of the design and construction costs)
Habitat Studio & Workshop– $35k project management fee (in kind)
Solar Energy Society of Canada – Northern Alberta Chapter– $12k towards design charrette– Strong partnership in technology transfer and public education
In-kind professional time and volunteer team– likely worth $200k on this first-time house
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Want to Learn More?
Riverdale NetZero presentations, workshops, tours– www.riverdalenetzero.ca– Send us your e-mail address so we can keep in touch with you.
Solar Energy Society of Canada – Northern Alberta Chapter– www.solaralberta.ca
Trimline Renewable Energy Training Centre– renewable energy training courses– www.TrimlineDesignCentre.com
Eco-Solar Home Tour – 2nd Saturday in June– www.ecosolar.ca
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Public Tours
When: TBATime: TBAFormat: Open house, come and go as you pleaseWhere: at the house, 9924 - 87 Street
(just north of river, west of Dawson Bridge)
Cost: Free, no need to registerDuration: Would take about an hour to see
What to see: Solar heating system, solar power system, high performance windows, highly insulated walls and construction details,air tightness + ventilation with air heat recovery, sustainable materials, energy and water efficient appliances, drain water heat recovery.
Discover details, ask questions, and learn for your own house.
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City Hall
95 Street
103A Ave
House: 9924-87 St
Low Level Bridge
From 99 Street
From River Valley Road
87 Street
Dawson Bridge
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What can you do?– Becoming Ready for NetZero in a New House!
Make your house as energy efficient and solar friendly as possible!
House orientation – roof lines from SW to SE
Amount of solar collection area– Area of south windows– Area of roof– Roof tilt angle
Landscaping– Well-placed trees– Deciduous trees on the south
Space from basement to attic– Conduit for electrical cables– "Chase" for 2 solar hot water pipes
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What can you do?– Energy Efficiency in an Existing House!
Make your house as energy efficient as possible!
Get an energy audit done on your house – it is a roadmap of what can be done
– See www.energyexperts.ca and www.atcoenergysense.com
Replace your incandescent light bulbs (6 month payback)
Replace your ancient fridge
Change out your standard efficiency furnace to a high efficiency one
– 14 year payback (at 0% loan rate), – 18 years if standard loan at 7%.
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What can you do?– Energy Efficiency in an Existing House!
Make your house as energy efficient as possible!
Lots of energy information is available– “Keeping the Heat In” from CMHC– Energy Solutions Alberta (www.energysolutionsalberta.com)
Eco-Solar Contacts and Services List for Alberta– e-mail [email protected] and ask for a copy
Sustainable Materials– See Green Alberta (www.greenalberta.ca)
Landscaping– See The Urban Farmer (www.theurbanfarmer.ca)
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What can you do?– Solar Energy in an Existing House!
There is a lot of research and information already available for you.
Solar Energy– Tap the Sun passive solar design book from CMHC– Solar Energy Society – Northern Alberta Chapter
(www.solaralberta.ca)– Canadian Solar Industries Association (www.cansia.ca)
Trimline Renewable Energy Training Centre– www.trimlinedesigncentre.com on 67 Ave, 99 Street– Courses in solar power, solar heating, microwind, biodiesel,
straw bale, geothermal, carbon busting
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Habitat Studios & Workshop Peter AmerongenBruce Watt
Manasc Isaac Architects Shafraaz KabaU of Calgary Environmental Design Tang LeeRon Wickman Architect Ron Wickmanarchitect Peter Bull
Riverdale NetZero Team– Architectural Design –
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Habitat Studios & Workshop Peter AmerongenSolnorth Engineering Andy Smith
Dan LangfordSaskatchewan Research Council Robert DumontHowell-Mayhew Engineering Wil Mayhew
Gordon HowellHydraft Development Services David Morrowchemical engineer Phillip MeesAlberta Research Council Chris Astle
Kazimierz Szymochamechanical engineering EIT Mikhael HorvathThe Urban Farmer Ron Berezan
Riverdale NetZero Team– Energy and Water Design –
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Taylor Munro Energy Systems Peg KeenleysideManasc Isaac Architects Shafraaz KabaHabitat Studio and Workshop Michel Barrierspecialist consultant Max AmerongenPembina Institute Kristin ZarownyClimate Change Central Helen Corbettgraphics and media Natasha Goudar
Scott Harrisdocumentation Joanne MoffatHowell-Mayhew Engineering Gordon Howell
Riverdale NetZero Team– Communication –
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Climate Change Central Simon Knight
Servus Credit Union Gail Stepanik-KeberRichard Zolkiewski
Anielski Management Mark Anielski
ATCO Gas Walter Dunnewold
Riverdale NetZero Team– Financial, Economics –
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Planet Organic Markets Mark Craft
Lincolnberg Homes Lewis Nakatsui
Alberta Research Council Dean Richardson
realtor Leslee Greenaway
Riverdale NetZero Team– Marketing –
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Solar Energy Society of Canada – Northern Alberta ChapterRob Harlan
Telus World of Science Max Scharfenberger
NAIT Peggy MacTavishGreg Peters
Riverdale NetZero Team–Technology Transfer –
This is not just about building a house…
it is about helping society to prepare for
the energy and environmental issues around us…
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Green Door Builders Adam LarsenTaylor Munro Energy Systems Joe Thwaites
Morgan McDonaldConergy Mark CugliettaEarthNet Geothermal Doug NelsonThreshold Energies Leigh BondTrimline Design Centre Harold VerburgGreen Alberta Stephani CarterCity of Edmonton, Environment Brenda OsborneCanCell IndustriesDuxton Windows
Riverdale NetZero Team– Technology Partners –
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Riverdale NetZero Team
Hicklin Consultants Janne Hicklin
Kitska Designs Lorie Saito
design charrette Teresa Chilkowich
electrical engineer Richard Caldwell
– Management, Events, Logistics –
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…we hold our childrens' future in our hands
But will they want to live……in what we are giving to them?
Gordon Howell, P.Eng.Howell-Mayhew Engineering
EdmontonPhone: +1 780 484 0476E-mail: [email protected]
©1995-2008 Photo credits: Gordon Howell,
Peter Amerongen, Max Amerongenand several others