RIT College of Engineering

Multidisciplinary Senior Design

P10054-Monitoring Device for Human Smoking Behavior

Final Product Review19 February 2010

Team MembersProject Manager

Frank Forkl

Mechanical EngineerBrian Gilbane

Electrical EngineerDerek Ng

Systems EngineerRich Steen

Mechanical EngineerMichael Kraft P10054

IntroductionObjective: Create device which measures natural human smoking

behavior

Major Requirements: Subjects will need to carry device for up to one month in

the field Subject will use device for every cigarette smoked

Device must be as unobtrusive as possible Data to capture:

Flow Rate through cigarette Total Lung Volume to measure Deep Inhalation Puff

• A self-contained battery operated device that measures ambulatory smoking behavior with time and date tags assigned at cigarette insertion/removal. 

• Onboard memory is used to store all measures for up to four weeks without requiring interaction with study staff.

http://www.plowshare.com/products/portable/index.html

Existing TechnologyCReSS Device by Plowshare Technologies

Major Problems:• Extremely obtrusive which does not allow for natural smoking behavior

• Unable to capture entire smoking event (Deep Inhalation Puff)

• Performs poorly at bottom of flow rate resolution (less than 17.5 mL/s)

• Does not output Flow Curves, just aggregate data

• Extremely expensive (~$2000)

Chosen Concept

Remote Handheld Smoking Device

Deep Inhalation Puff Sensor Belt

Belt Clip Central Unit

System Diagram

Arduino Microcontroller(Rich)

Ergonomic Handheld(Frank)

Flow Meter(Brian)

DIP Respiratory Belt

(Mike)

Signal Conditioning

(Derek)

Battery(Derek)

Control Interface

(Rich, Frank)

MicroSD Card Shield- Data

Storage(Rich)

0-5 VDC Signal Belt Output Voltage

0-5 VDC

Digital I/O

Clock Time, Signal Voltages

+12 VDC

Belt Clip5V DC Power

5V DC Power

5V DCPower

Post Collection Data Processing

(Rich, Mike, Brian)

CSV onMicroSD Card

Flow Path Design Process

Handheld DeviceErgonomic Foam Mock Ups

Finished Handheld Designs

Deep Inhalation Puff (D.I.P.)

The deep inhalation puff is the breath of “clean” air after taking an initial draw on a cigarette. This “clean” air includes side stream smoke or commonly known as second hand smoke.

By capturing the deep inhalation puff, the device will provide more accurate data than the CReSS device on how a human smokes a cigarette during an entire smoking event.

Which type of belt?SLP Inc. Inductive Bands• Closed loops of conductive

wire woven in an elastic band

• Flow of the current is limited by a change in magnetic flux

BioPac Strain Gauge Belt• Linear strain gauge attached

to an adjustable elastic band

• Strain from tension is converted to a voltage signal

The signal-to-noise ratio from the BioPac belt was of a notably higher fidelity before amplification.

http://www.biopac.com/ProductImages/tsd201.jpghttp://www.sleepsense.com/pages/product

Arduino Microcontroller

Criteria for Selection• Cost• Digital and Analog Inputs• Digital Outputs• Flash Memory

Arduino Duemilanove• Most economical

Conclusions• Real Time Clock (RTC)• Storage• Auto-Reset

Data Storage Serial interface

rather than parallel ~0.5 second per

write operation Unreliable

operation

12Volt DC 1800mAH rechargeable lithium-ion battery

Disposable battery would Requires frequent replacement Process more complicated for

the customer. Two main factors

capacity of the battery cost.

Other factors: size weight amount of voltage supplied

Requires external jumper

Signal Amplification

DIP belt signal was too weak to be read properly

INA128 Biomedical Amplifier is a higher fideltiy

Belt Clip Case

Pressure Sensor Correlation

BioPac/Spirometer CorrelationTidal Volume vs. Time

BioPac/Spirometer CorrelationFlow Rate vs. Time

Simulated Smoking Behavior

1

2

Simulated Smoking Behavior

Inaccuracies of either correlation

Experimental noise

Leaks in the pressure sensor system

Air taken in by the smoker but not going through the cigarette

Features Deemed Beyond Project Scope

Feature Rationale Cigarette Detection (Infrared or other method) Time, Lack of EE Expertise, Deemed Bell/Whistle Wireless Communication Between Device Components

Not necessary, possibly not actually desirable (losing pieces), lack of EE/CE expertise

Wireless Communication for Data Transfer Time, Lack of EE/CE Expertise, Deemed Bell/Whistle

Internal Permanent Connection Between Board and Battery

Time, Lack of EE Expertise

E-cigarette Adapter Time, Deemed Bell/Whistle

Flow Path Optimization Time, Lack of CFD expertise, will begin this work

Cigarette Vent Hole Issue Very challenging problem, solution is being attempted but is not guaranteed

Onboard Zeroing Sensors Time, Deemed Bell/Whistle, not wholly necessary

Custom DIP Belt Design Time, Lack of Expertise/Understanding in a timely manner, Cost

Embedded Software Upgrades: Power Management, Data Processing, Automated Calibration

Time, Lack of CE Expertise, team will make software functional and as advanced as possible

Battery Life Improvements Lack of EE expertise. Incremental improvement, our design will be adequate but could be improved

Case Design Upgrades for Moldability Time. Necessary for ramp up, will get done if possible

Further Ergonomic Testing and Improvements Time: incremental improvement achieved through additional focus group

Adding Retractable Wire Mechanism to Device Difficulty locating vendor of appropriate pre-fabbed mechanism. Will likely need custom design or custom part from vendor.

Improved Durability Limited time to design case internal structure. Will meet minimum level but cannot guarantee beyond that

Thank You

All pictures used under educational fair use