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Rise of the Franks Charlemagne Slide 2 What happened to the Roman Empire? Slide 3 What was lost when Rome fell? Large cities Democratic government Centralized government Focus on law and justice Reading & writing Trade Slide 4 What remained? Christianity Germanic tribes converted and began to grow in power. Created monasteries The only places that kept literacy alive. Slide 5 The Franks Germanic tribes that migrated into Gaul in the 5 th and 6 th centuries Fierce warriors Larger than average Battle axe Slide 6 The Battle of Tours Fought Oct. 10, 732 near Tours, France Charles Martel Results: Decisive victory for Franks Prevented Muslim conquest of Europe beyond Spain. Slide 7 Frankish Kings Charles Martel The Hammer Pepin The Short Charlemagne Charles The Great Slide 8 Slide 9 Charlemagne Carolingian dynasty For his spread of the Christian faith, two forces were needed: Spiritual already existed as the Western Church Secular the political authority to rule Pope Leo III proclaimed him The Consecrated Lord of Christendom and Emperor of the Romans Slide 10 Coronation of Charlemagne Illuminated manuscript "The Coronation of Charlemagne" Slide 11 A New Chance for Empire Slide 12 Charlemagnes Sons Mess It Up They fought over the land and eventually split it up. Lack of a single leader or administration lead to a new form of government Feudalism Slide 13 Feudalism Slide 14 Feudalism Political and economic system based on land ownership and personal loyalty. Political and economic system based on land ownership and personal loyalty. Slide 15 Feudalism Fifes given out for services and loyalty to nobles Fifes given out for services and loyalty to nobles Nobles gave out the right to work the land to serfs Nobles gave out the right to work the land to serfs No central government No central government Slide 16 Europeans Under Constant Attack Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims raided Europe. Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims raided Europe. Lords defended the peasants. Lords defended the peasants. Slide 17 Castles Slide 18 Knights Knights were the warrior class. Knights were the warrior class. Armed and armored. Armed and armored. Chivalry was their code of conduct. Chivalry was their code of conduct. LoyalLoyal BraveBrave CourteousCourteous Slide 19 Manorial Economy Named after manor, which is where the lord lived. Named after manor, which is where the lord lived. Self sufficient communities Self sufficient communities Peasants owed their lord three days of work each week. Peasants owed their lord three days of work each week. Also paid to grind grain, get married, or anything else that required the lords approval. Also paid to grind grain, get married, or anything else that required the lords approval. Slide 20 Agriculture Three Field System Three Field System Plant two fields each year and leave third fallow (empty)Plant two fields each year and leave third fallow (empty) Increased food productionIncreased food production Increased populationIncreased population Slide 21 Medieval Life Lots of back breaking work Lots of back breaking work Illness and malnutrition Illness and malnutrition Average life expectancy was 35 Average life expectancy was 35 Most people never traveled more than 25 miles from where they were born Most people never traveled more than 25 miles from where they were born The Church was the social and cultural center of the community The Church was the social and cultural center of the community Slide 22 Medieval Medicine Poor hygiene Poor hygiene Medical knowledge was limited Medical knowledge was limited People believed that disease was spread by bad odors. People believed that disease was spread by bad odors. It was also assumed that diseases resulted from sins. It was also assumed that diseases resulted from sins. Slide 23 Medieval Medicine First Patient Your patient has black and blue blotches all over her body. You are fairly certain it is the plague. What treatment do you prescribe? A.Apply sterile egg whites. B.Give the patient a treacle (made from over 60 ingredients including the roasted skin of vipers). B.Give the patient a treacle (made from over 60 ingredients including the roasted skin of vipers). C.Swaddle the patient and shave the sign of the cross into her head. Slide 24 Second Patient Your patient has taken to his bed with chills, a fever, and a terrible headache. When you examine him, you find pimple-like spots covering his skin. Your diagnosis is smallpox, a contagious disease common in your time. How will you treat this patient? Second Patient Your patient has taken to his bed with chills, a fever, and a terrible headache. When you examine him, you find pimple-like spots covering his skin. Your diagnosis is smallpox, a contagious disease common in your time. How will you treat this patient? A.Soak a piece of linen in a mixture of peony root and rose oil and apply it to the affected areas. B.Have the patient eat chicken broth. C.Wrap the patient in red cloth and drape red hangings around his bed. Medieval Medicine Slide 25 Last Patient Last Patient You have a patient who is showing all the signs of having leprosy, what do prescribe for the treatment? You have a patient who is showing all the signs of having leprosy, what do prescribe for the treatment? A.Have the patient attend his own funeral and banish him to a colony. B.Amputate the patient's limb that is afflicted. C.Mix vinegar, sulfur, and oil and place on affected area. Medieval Medicine Slide 26 The Western Church The Church was heavily involved in politics. The Church was heavily involved in politics. Church could threaten kings with excommunication or interdict. Church could threaten kings with excommunication or interdict. Constant struggle for power between church and state. Constant struggle for power between church and state. Slide 27 Excommunication Today Canon 1364: apostasy, heresy, or schismCanon 1364: apostasy, heresy, or schism Canon 1367: violation of the sacred speciesCanon 1367: violation of the sacred species Canon 1370: laying violent hands on the PopeCanon 1370: laying violent hands on the Pope Canon 1378: absolution of an accompliceCanon 1378: absolution of an accomplice Canon 1382: Episcopal consecration without authorization from the Holy SeeCanon 1382: Episcopal consecration without authorization from the Holy See Canon 1388: violation of the seal of Confession by a ConfessorCanon 1388: violation of the seal of Confession by a Confessor Canon 1398: procuring an abortionCanon 1398: procuring an abortion Slide 28 The Western Church Organized under the Pope in Rome. Organized under the Pope in Rome. To increase their power they: To increase their power they: Assumed legal authoritiesAssumed legal authorities Sent out their own diplomatsSent out their own diplomats Collected money from tithes: everyone had to give 10% of their income to the church or elseCollected money from tithes: everyone had to give 10% of their income to the church or else