Chapter 11Principles for Managing Essential Processing in Multimedia Learning

Richard E. Mayer

GDIT 705: Presentation: Chapters 11,12,13Jessica MartinFall 2013

3 Multimedia Design Methods Used to Minimize Essential Overload:

Segmenting Pre-training Modality

Segmenting Principle

Multi-media message is presented in learner-paced segments.

View a quick video on the segmenting principle from the link below:› YouTubeVideo: Segmenting Principle

Segmenting Techniques

Allow learner to control pace of presentation.

Continue button

Pre-training Principle

Learner knows the names and characteristics of the main concepts

Pre-training Techniques

Mayer, Mathias, and Wetzell (2012)› Two-stage learning process

Component Model Casual Model

Modality

Multimedia message uses spoken words rather than printed words

Modality Techniques

Research and Limitations

Preliminary evidence supports all 3 theories.

“Further research work is also needed to better understand the condition under which each of the principles is most effective”

Chapter 12:Principles for Reducing Extraneous Progessing in Mulitmedia Learning

Richard E.Mayer

5 Design Methods to Minimize Extraneous Overload

Coherence Signaling Redundancy Spatial Contiguity Temporal Contiguity

What is ‘extraneous overload’ ?

Coherence Principle

Extraneous material excluded

Signaling

Cues are added to highlight essential material

Redundancy Principle

Spatial Contiguity

Corresponding words and pictures are presented close together.

Temporal Contiguity

Corresponding narration and animation are presented simultaneously.

“The designer should take learner characteristics into account and be aware that well-designed multimedia instruction may be most effective for low-experience learners and high-spatial learners.”

Chapter 13Principles of Multimedia Learning Based on Social Cues

Richard E. Mayer

3 Principles Based on Social Cues

Personalization Voice Image

“Social cues may prime social responses in learners that lead to Deeper cognitive processing during learning hence better testPerformance.”

Personalization Principle

Words presented in conversational style rather than formal style

› “I” and “you”

Voice Principle

Standard-accented human voice instead of machine or foreign-accented voice.

Image Principle

Speaker’s image in on the screen rather than off screen