rhs qb trainer
TRANSCRIPT
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RHS Football:
Quarterback Trainer
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Table of Contents Page 5: Quarterback Qualifications Page 11: Quarterback Tips
Page 18: Quarterback Fundamentals Page 19: Stance Page 21: Quarterback/Center Exchange Page 28: QB / Running Back Exchange (Sweep/Option/Pitch Page 34: Grip Page 36: Throwing Page 43: Drop Backs
Page 50: Quarterback Ball Handling Dills Page 52: Quarterback Agility Drills Page 66: Quarterback Warm-up Drills Page 72: Quarterback Drills Page 104: Quarterback Specific Strength Exercises Page 114: Reading Defenses
Page 114: Reading DefensesPre-Snap Page 125: Reading Defenses: Post-SnapCoverages Page 148: Reading Defenses: Basic Quarterback Reads
Page 179: RHS Offense: QB Steps Page 181: QB Steps: Run Game30 Series Page 188: QB Steps: Run Game40 Series
Page 196: QB Steps: Run Game10 Series Page 199: QB Steps: Run Game20 Series
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RHS Football Quarterback TrainerBy Phil Heyn
Acknowledgments Phil Heyn
Playing: 3-Year QB Starter at Revere High School; 3-Year QB Lettermen and 2-Year QB Starter Ohio WesleyanUniversity
Coaching: 2000 Ohio Wesleyan University, 2001 8th Grade Football at Revere, 2002-Present Varsity Football at Revere
This trainer was based on the fundamentals, beliefs and philosophies gain from a number of sourcesthroughout my playing and coaching career, most notably: Joe Pappano
Longtime Head Coach Revere High School My quarterback coach for two years at Revere High School
Pat Samanich 3-Year Starter at Ashland My quarterback coach for four years at Ohio Wesleyan
Terry Cistone Former quarterback at St. V-M Current Head Coach Revere High School
Dr. Will HayesQuarterback-Receiver Manual Todd BlackledgeQuarterback School Manual
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Quarterback Qualifications
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Quarterback Qualifications:
Leadership
A quarterback does not have to be the loudest or most emotional person onthe field, but he must instill a feeling of confidence to the rest of histeammatesthey must want to rally behind him.
He must have a take-charge attitude in the huddle and on the field (during
games and practice).
He must work hardhe should be the hardest worker on the fieldthis wi llhelp him earn the respect of h is teammates.
Too many young quarterbacks lead by being yelling at their teammatestelling them what to do and chastising them after mistakes; instead of pickingthem up and talking them through mistakes.
A good leader takes the responsibility on himself: there is nothing worse thenwatching a young quarterback visibly blame the center for a Center-Quarterback exchange so that he feels better knowing the people in the standsknow it wasnt his faulttake ownership, accept blame for failures!
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Quarterback Qualifications:
Confidence
Successful quarterbacks have an air about themacertain swagger that borders on cockiness. However,there is a big difference between swagger and cockiness
even though they are so close. Teammates respect, believe in and want to fol low a quarterback
with swaggerwhile they might not respect nor like a quarterbackwho is cocky and arrogant.
Quarterbacks must have ultimate belief in their abili ties,regardless of the circumstances, and have a never-say-dieattitude.
Most importantlythe quarterback must be CONFIDENT!
He wants the ball in his hands when the game is on theline!
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Quarterback Qualifications:
Mental Toughness
A quarterback must be mentally tough to accept
The quarterback position is such a visible positionpeople know when he makes a mistake. If a center
misses a block or a guard does not pul l, people tend notto notice. When a quarterback makes a mistake, everybody knows.
Whether it is a yelling coach, booing fans, adropped pass, an interceptiona goodquarterback must stand tall and rally around thesituation.
He must be able to stay poised and relaxed whiledisplaying confidence despite the negative(s).
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Quarterback Qualifications:
Preparedness
Proper preparation during the preseason
and practice week allows the quarterback torelax on game day and REACT rather than
THINK!
A successful quarterback possesses a driveto learn about the game, his offense, the
types of defenses he will face, etc.
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Quarterback Qualifications:
SummaryATTRIBUTES OF A REVERE QUARTERBACK
Aside from the many physical attributes required to play the game of football,there are many non-physical demands on a quarterback. The QB is a naturalleader, field general, and coach on the field. He must be able to lead his menthrough the highs and the lows of the game. It must be earned throughpreparation. The QB must be physically, mentally, and emotionally responsible to
his teammates.
Example Qualit ies of the Quarterback Position:
Must be prepared to be put through the ringer Does not have to be a great athlete Must be able to palm a ball freshman year of high school
Is not allowed to look at stats. Team is primary concern Will sacrifice for others. Possibly, the first time Has a short memory. FOCUS Never dishes out responsibility, even when it is easy to blame others Evaluates players, not friends
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Quarterback Tips
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Quarterback Tips:
Preparation
Know the offense thoroughlystudy and know the gameplan.
Know personnelskil ls and capabilit ies of teammates(dont ask a teammate to do something they are incapableof doing).
Learn about opponentsdont be surprised during games(QB needs to be REACTING rather than THINKING).
what fonts and coverages to expect, tendencies and strengths andweaknesses of personnel.
Come early and stay late! No one should put more time inthan the QB!
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Quarterback Tips:
In the Huddle Get team set in the huddle quicklycenter should have huddle called and
players should be set; however, it is the quarterbacks job to make sure it isgetting done.
Present a confident atti tude at all timeseach play should be called as i f thereis the full expectation that it will result in a touchdown (whether or not the QBpersonally likes the call).
Allow no talking in the huddle besides the QBuse timeouts or when thedefense is on the field to discuss strategy or issues. The only information given in the huddle from another team member is when the
quarterback asks for it.
Be Clearwhen talking, make eye contact wi th teammates and speak clearlyE-N-U-N-C-I-A-T-E
Make sure all players are looking at quarterback so they can hear p lay clearly.
Call the Formation, Play, and the Snap Count (release the center)then repeat thePlay and Snap Count and say Ready as everyone wi ll clap their hands and say BREAK.
Break the huddle sharply and demand the team hustle to the line of
scrimmage.
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Quarterback Tips:
At the Line
Approach the line of scrimmage (LOS) looking to the lef t, middle, andrightsurvey the defense for any pre-snap read or key that could helpor just ify an audible.
(do not give away the direction of play by only looking there).
Upon reaching the LOS, place a hand on the top of the centers butt sothe center knows the quarterback has arrived.
Make sure your cadence is loud and clear to both sides of theformation.
Vary your snap countdont fall into a rhythm that lets the defense
anticipate the snap.
Execute the play, carrying out all fakes until the whist le!
the rest of the team is blocking and/or running unti l the whist lejustbecause you dont have the ball doesnt mean you shouldnt!).
Check time and down and distance after every play!
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Quarterback Tips:
Two Minute Offense
General If the clock is not stopped, line up immediately and run the predetermined or called
play(s).
If the clock is topped, use the huddle and again receive play(s). When the clock is stopped for measurement or penalty, use huddle on the ball and
be ready to play when referee signals the ball ready for play.
When carrying the ball, get as much yardage as possible then get out of bounds.
Clock Management The Game Clock Stops:
When time out is called by of ficial Incomplete pass Ball carrier goes out of bounds
When offi cials measure for first down On first downs (to move chains) and then restarts
QB Guidelines Know the number of timeouts remaining. Make team aware when in 2-minute offense Must make teammates aware of situation (getting out of bounds, getting down
instead of fighting for yards and wasting time) Must stay Cool and remember that QB is in CHARGE!
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Quarterback Tips:
Wasting Time When Ahead
Use the full 25 seconds on each play whenever possible If visible play clock: start cadence around 8 seconds
If NO visible play clock: Look at game clock to see when refereespots ball (start cadence 18 seconds later) OR look to coach on the
sideline who will signal when to start cadence.
Remind runners to stay inbounds.
Remind ball carrier to hold on to the ball and get up slowly!
Never call a timeoutand if you have to, call i t with 1second remaining on play clock.
If less than 25 seconds left, let the clock run withoutsnapping the ball.
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Quarterback Fundamentals
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Quarterback Fundamentals:
Stance The quarterback needs to have a consistent stance while under center. This avoids
tipping the defense to the upcoming play by the way the QB is in his stance.
The quarterback should be away from the center enough that he can maintain a wrist-deep posi tion wi th his arms slightly bent (approximately 120 degrees).
The quarterback should stand behind the center wi th his feet parallel to one another
Or SLIGHTLY offsetthe throwing foot should be slightly back (but not fur ther back than theother foot s heel).
The feet should be slightly narrower than the shoulders (even with the armpits).
The knees should be slightly bent wi th the weight on the balls of his feet.
The weight should be evenly distr ibuted between both feet (although the weight shouldshift to the foot pushing of f just prior to the snap). He should be upright (straight back
at a forward angle), this wi ll help him observe the defense.
The quarterback should maintain the same routine prior to every snap. He should avoid tipping the play by his behavior(looking at secondary only on pass plays, lookinginto backfield only on run plays, lick ing fingers only on pass plays, etc.).
While in his stance, the quarterback should: make sure all players are in their correctpositions and set, read the defense (blitzes, coverages, etc.), maintain clock awareness,
etc.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:
Stance
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Receiving the Snap/Center-Quarterback Exchange
The quarterbacks hands should touch at the inside of each wrist by interlock thethumbsnon-throwing thumb notched in the crevice of the right thumb. The palm of thethrow ing hand faces the ground while the palm of the non-throwing hand faces in.
The quarterbacks hands should be place wrist-deep under the center with the back ofthe throw ing wrist pressed firmly against the centers buttocks. The hands shouldalways be relaxed wi th the fingers well spread and pressed against the buttocks. If thequarterbacks fingers remove themselves from the buttocks, he runs the risk of havingthe snap hit his fingers (a painful mistake).
The aiming point for the centers snap is the palm of the throwing hand. Maintainingfirm pressure allows the center to know exactly where that hand ishe should actuallytry to lif t center at time of snap. The laces should come to the quarterbacks fingersupon receiving the snap.
To ensure that he is getting the laces, have the quarterback get a good grip and then place hisand the ball under the center. The center wil l then take the ball from the quarterback and reversehis motion until the ball is on the ground (usually this means the center gripping the laces withhis thumb and the laces facing away from the quarterbacks throwing side).
The purpose of the quarterback positioning his stance wi th his arms slightly bent is toallow him to ride the centerextending his arms during the exchange while beginningto pull away with his feet.
The center-quarterback exchange MUST BE automatic in a game and therefore must beworked on with realist ic simulation (quarterback stepping back simulating a run or passwhi le center steps forward simulating a block).
It is also important that all the quarterbacks work w ith all the centers to ensure consistency.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Receiving the Snap/Center-Quarterback Exchange
Q arterback F ndamentals
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Receiving the Snap/Center-Quarterback
Exchange
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Getting Away from Center
From a parallel to sl ightly staggered starting stance, thequarterback will have his weight on the inside balls of thefeethaving the weight forward encourages a solid pushoff or pivot.
The quarterback should put 60 to 70 percent of his weight
on the foot he will be pushing off with. Shifting weight pr ior to the snap will help eliminate false steps
(taking a step forward before stepping back or stepping with wrongfoot).
Example: a right-handed quarterback taking a straight drop wil l putthe majority of his weight on this left foot in order to push off andtake his fi rst step with his r ight foot.
Another key element of getting away from center is a firstbig step, no matter the play!
A first big step is essential for getting away from the line ofscrimmage to avoid pul ling l ineman or strong defensive charges.
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:QB / Running Back Exchange
(Hand-Off) QB always seats the ball f irst . He must get as much depth on his firststep and remaining steps
Getting as much depth as possible before the hand-off g ives RB more timeto read the hole.
On developing run plays to (i.e. off-tackle plays to tailback), thequarterback should extend the ball to the running back with bothhands once he gets past any immediate threat (pulling lineman,fullback, etc.)this will help sell counter and play-action off the samelook.
QB should keep his eyes on the RB pocket. Place the ball firmly in
pocketdont slam it in but dont be too soft. Pull the inside hand away by sl iding it down the outside hand and hide
it in the belly (at last second). Let the Back feel his way through theball.
Pull outside hand away as the RB goes by. Fake hand-off the QB pullsball out with inside hand and leaves the outside hand in the pocket.
CARRY OUT ALL FAKES!!!
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:QB / Running Back Exchange
(Hand-Off)
PICTURE SHOWING HAND-OFFSHOW THE
FOOTBALL ON HANDOFFS
PICTURE SHOWING HAND FAKE
FOR PLAY-ACTION PASS
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:QB / Running Back Exchange
(Sweep Pitch) QB always seats the ball fi rst and then the ball slides to the hip towards the pitch. Head
and eyes come around f irst and lock on the target, the QB's body will fol low.
On a sweep right, the right foot is the pivot point. The left foot will be swung around toabout 250 degrees (4 oclock) of the QB starting posit ion under the Center.
It is preferred that the QB opens his hips too far rather than not far enough to avoid him fromthrowing across his body.
The football should be at the right upper hip with knee's bent and the right elbow high inthe air and thumbs pointed at the ground to begin the release.
The pitch is made at the end of the first step and should be made from the hip.
Keeping the ball on hip and pitching from there will keep QB from sw inging the ball [this w illresult in a sloppy pitch and the ball will stay on this path elevating in height and risking goingover the head of the TB].
Second step should follow the first to help ensure a solid pitch (never pull off a pitch;follow the pitch).
The ball should be tossed to the running back in such a way that the back can run to theball and catch it in st ride.
At the end of the second step drop direct ly back set ting up at f ive yards to fake a pass.
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:QB / Running Back Exchange
(Sweep Pitch)
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:QB / Running Back Exchange
(Option Pitch) QB always seats the ball first. Ball close to the body. Head and eyes
pick up the pitch key.
Ball has moved to the center of the QBs chest and he should pump itslightly (left inside pec-to right inside pec) as he runs.
When he approaches pitch key and is prepared to pitch, he shouldbreak down his feet and pick up the pitch man (TB usually).
DONT PITCH BLINDLY (Did RB go wrong way? Did RB fall?)
From chest height, he should extend the ball with his outside hand and
pitch the ball by pushing out with arm and flicking wrist ( thumbdown).
At this same tame, he should step towards his pitch man to ensure anaccurate pitch and to protect himself so his momentum is no going fullspeed at the pitch key.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:The Grip
The bases for throwing the football starts with the grip. Each QB mayhave a slight ly di fferent drip depending on preference and the size ofthe hand. While no two grips are identical, there are certain basics thatapply to all quarterbacks
First, the grip is placed on the back third of the ball. The ball should beheld firmly, but not too t ight, with the fingertips and thumb. The ballshould not be placed against the palm of the hand, there should bespace between the palm and the ballyou should be able to see pastthe football between the ball and the QBs hand.
The little finger and the ring finger should be across the laces. Themiddle finger should be placed at the end of the last lace (one to three
fingers need to cross the laces). The first three fingers (litt le, ring andmiddle) should be evenly spaced. The index finger takes a widerspread towards the point of the ball. The thumb just supplies theleverage.
Grip Test see daylight between the palm of the hand and the ball .
Gripping too tight or burying the ball in the palm will cause the wrist to lockand force a slinging/pushing motion rather then wrist-snapping release.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:The Grip
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Q t b k F d t l
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Throwing Motion
The passing elbow should never drop below shoulder height. Also, thepassing elbow should be thrown out in front of the body duringrelease.
The non-throwing hand should be used to support and protect the ballunti l the clocking/loading step. At that moment, the off hand comes offthe ball and the arm is pull down and through. This pul ling movement
of the away arm creates a natural weight shift towards target.
The hips are an important, and often unappreciated, part of throwingthe football. As the quarterback pushes off his back foot, he wants toemphasize throwing his hips into the pass. Throwing accuratelyrequires a passer to be square to his target when the ball is releasepoint your pelvis to your target.
Feet are the MOST IMPORTANT part of a quarterbacks release. Aquarterback should always be on the balls of his feet, never flat-footed.When the throwing motion begins, the passer pushes off his back footand steps towards his target. This step should be short and compactas well as being slightly off away from the throwing arm side. Over
striding will result in high balls and locked hips which leads to adecrease in velocity.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Throwing Motion
Bad: Cranking
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Release
Most young quarterbacks usually develop as strong armed baseball players,
but it is important to understand that these two throws having dif ferentmechanics. A baseball throw has a long armed motion and is released out infront of the eyes. The football should be a short arm mot ion and is releasedabove the ear.
From the cocked/loaded position, the ball w ill come forward and snappedforward. The snap is achieved by drawing the fingers and the hand sharplydownward and inward as the ball is released (the palm wi ll face out away fromthe body). In index finger is the guide for the ball and the last finger to leavethe ball.
Upon release, the index finger wi ll have a downward flicking motion ( flicking abugger from the finger ). When the ball is released, the index finger should bepointed directly at the target with the thumb down and to the inside of thepalm.
When the ball is released, it the nose of the ball should be down allowing theball to cut through the air and elements. When the ball is thrown with the noseup, the ball is more easily affect by wind rather than cutting through the wind.You want to throw the ball downward over the clothesline .
The stride prior to release should be short w ith a slight bend in the front knee.A long stride and/or too much bend in front leg make it extremely difficult torelease the ball high.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Follow Through
A proper and consistent follow through is important inconsistent passing. After the ball has been released, thepalm of the throwing hand is pointed downward and out(the palm facing away from the body).
A key difference between a football and baseball throw is that infootball, the arm does not cross the body but is brought to the nearhip as it decelerates.
The throwing arm foot (right hander-right foot) should drag
forward to a point where it is squared off with the frontfoot. This will as result in the hips following through.
A quarterback wants to complete his throw with his weightcoming forward. Just like a boxer punches through his
opponent, a quarterback wants to throw through his target.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Follow Through
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Common Passing Problems
Throwing with a windup:
This usually results from carrying the ball too low initially, or from developing the habit of dropping the ball tobegin the throw ing motion (via baseball).
Throwing off balance: It can never be over stressed that throw ing the football correctly and accurately begins with p roper footwork.
Not following through: Whenever it is possib le, a complete follow through to the target should be executed.
Not stepping in the direction of the throw: This causes a quarterback to throw across his body.
No knowing HOW to throwhard, soft, high, or low: A good passer must develop touch and recognize what type of throw is needed.
No Knowing WHERE to throw: Here is a basic rule on leading the receiverThrow the outs , out; and throw the deep routes, deep!
Not knowing WHEN to throw: A quarterback must develop a keen sense of t iming. The old adage, he who hesitates is lost applies perfect ly
to the quarterbacks.
Loss of Spiral: Normally, if a quarterback tries to put too much into the throw he has a tendency of twisting the wr ist rather than
snapping it forward.
Dropping the elbow: This prevents a quarterback from staying on top of the ball. When the elbow goes down, the ball goes down
as well.
Over str iding: Too big of a stride locks the hips which dramatically decreases a passers power, and forces an arm only
throw. It also usually causes the ball to sail.
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Drop Back Pass
The straight drop back has the quarterback fronting out w ith his fi rst step from 12oclock to 6 oclock. The second step is a cross-over (left foot over the right for right-hander). The length of the second step depends on the type of drop; however, some
things are universal no matter the length of the drop.
In the drop, the quarterbacks feet and shoulders should be facing the sideline, 90-degreeangle from the line of scrimmage. He should never over rotate and face his shouldersaway from the line nor should his toes be pointing away from the line of scrimmagethis w ill make it more difficult to view down field and tougher to set and throw.
The quarterbacks hands/arms and the football should stay in rhythm with the feet and
should be used in a swaying motion to help the quarterback drop quickly andsmoothly.
To not use the ball would be like watching a sprinter run with his arms hanging at his sides. Onthe first step, the ball should be seated and then brought to midd le-right of the quarterbackschest. On the second step, the ball will move to the quarterbacks middle-left of his chest. Thismovement should cont inue the rest of the drop. Key point on this movement is for thequarterback to keep the ball inside of his chestit should not get outside the middle of eitherpectoral. When this occurs, the movement becomes too big and can hinder the quarterbacksability to get into a ready-to-throw position.
Upon reaching the final step in the drop, the quarterback wants to make sure it is a smallstepa balance step. This will avoid a lunging motion brought on by a big last stepwhich will result in a change of eye level (which can affect the read and the throw) and ashift in weight back which is anti-productive since the quarterback wants to have weightgoing forward to throw the ball.
Upon reaching the final step, the quarterback then wants to gather himself by hitching
up. This movement refers to the quarterback stepping back towards the line ofscrimmage wi th his back foot. Sometimes this is referred to as gathering himself.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Drop Back Pass
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Drop Back Pass
Quarterback Fundamentals:
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Half Roll (Gap Pass)
This pass action is designed to move the quarterback to a set up position seven yardsdeep behind the offensive tackle.
Initially, the half roll may give the defense the impression that the quarterback issprinting out to the corner. After five steps he pulls up into a set posit ion simi lar to apocket pass. The quarterback can deliver the ball front side or back against the flow oflinebackers and defensive backs who have reacted to the sprint action.
This type of pass can be extremely helpful when: The quarterback is smaller and yet a talented passer. Moving him sl ight ly out of the pocket area
can improve his vision of the field.
The quarterback does not possess exceptional arm strength making out patterns tot eh w ide sideof the field difficul t to complete. The defensive pass rushers are pinning their ears back and anticipating the quarterback set up
position. This slight change of pace can redirect and slow down defenders.
Footwork: The half roll has the quarterback fronting out w ith his first step from 12 oclock to 6 oclock (to let
backs clear). After the first , the remaining steps are in a running style (no crossover).
The second step is at a 45-degree angle and the remaining three steps are at that same angle
(resulting in a fishhook like roll). Rolling to QBs throwing side: Hitch Up after fifth step (at seven yards). Rolling away from QBs throwing side: as the fifth step is reached, he must quickly shif t his feet and whip
his shoulders and hips around in order to be in the throw ing position (often called a hop around. Thequarterback should focus on pull ing his throwing elbow back to get his body turned and his feet shouldglide over the groundleaving the ground ( jumping ) takes the quarterback away from being able todeliver the ball quickly.
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Quarterback Fundamentals:Sprint Out
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Quarterback Ball Handling Drills
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Quarterback Ball Handling Drills
Ball Slap Drill: Procedure: QB hold football in his hand and slap the ball with an open hand, going
from hand to hand.
Objective: To improve tactile feel for the football and to wake up hands.
Grip Drop Dril l: (One Minute) Procedure: Hold ball at waist level w ith one hand and bring ball up 6 to 8 inches and
let go of ball completely. Then regrip it. Don't slap at ball, but squeeze it. Alternateright and left hand. Increase speed as you get better
Objective: To improve hand strength and tactile feel for the football.
Grip Lock Drill : (One Minute) Procedure: Hold ball at chest level with two hands. Let go with the left and swing
the ball to the right. Turn palm out w ith thumb facing down and lock elbow at fullextension. Bring ball back to starting posi tion and exchange ball from left hand asfast as possib le. Do the same wi th the left arm. Increase speed as you get better
Objective: To improve hand strength and tactile feel for the football.
Globetrotter Drill: Procedure: QB passes the ball around his body from hand to hand without looking
at ball (around each leg, figure 8s between legs, around torso, around head, etc.).
Objective: To improve tactile feel for the football.
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Quarterback Agility Drills
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Legend For All Drills
Shuffle
Straight Drop Back
1-Step, 3-Step, 5-Step, 7-Step
Forward Sprint
Step-Up/Step-Back
Thrown Ball
Sweep Pitch/Option Pitch
Back Peddle
Trash Can Tackling Dummy
Coach
Quarterback
Cone
Quarterbacks
Feet
Hand Shield
WR
Quarterback Agility Drills
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Quarterback Agility Drills
High Knee
Side Step
Bunny Hops
Zig-Zag
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Quarterback Agility Drills
One Foot Agility Drill
Procedure: Bags are one yard apart. Start withshoulders and feet pointing down field, step over the
bags placing one foot between each bag. Keep
shoulders pointing down f ield and keep ball in throwing
position at all t imes.
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
StartLeft
Foot
Right
Foot
Left
Foot
Right
Foot
Left
Foot
Right
Foot
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Quarterback Agility Drills
Sideways Shuffle Dri ll:Procedure: Face the coach and shuffle over top the
bags (when going left, lead with left foot). Make sure to
have good knee bend and keep feet under armpits with
good balance.
Agi
lity
Bag
Agi
lity
Bag
Agi
lity
Bag
Agi
lity
Bag
Start
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Quarterback Agility Drills
Sideways Pitter-Patter Dril l: Procedure: Face away from the coach next to a bag. The quarter
back wil l step over the bag, as if avoiding a rusher. He wil l always
step with his throwing foot and then pit ter-patter on the new side of
the back then step back with his throwing foot.
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Quarterback Agility Drills
Bag Drop Drill : Procedure: Start with a 5 step drop. Shuffle to the right keeping
shoulders pointing down field. Run forward keeping shoulders
pointed down field and the ball in a throwing position at all times.
Shuffle over and then do another drop back.
Agi
lity
Bag
Agi
lity
Bag
Agi
lity
Bag
Agi
lity
Bag
Start
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Quarterback Agility Drills
Bag Drop Drill:
Procedure: Bags are one yard apart. Start with
shoulders and feet pointing down field (back to bags),start drop with front out and then crossover next bag
continue drops through bags. Keep shoulders pointing
down field and keep ball in throwing position at all
times.
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
Start LeftFoot
Right
FootLeft
Foot
Right
Foot
Left
Foot
Right
Foot
Right
Foot
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Quarterback Agility Drills
Bag Drop Throwing Drill:Procedure: Bags are one yard apart. Start with
shoulders and feet pointing down field (back to bags),start drop with front out and then crossover next bagcontinue drops through bags. Keep shoulders pointingdown field and keep ball in throwing position at alltimes. At the end of the bags, hitch up and deliver a
pass to the coach who is five yards in front of the bags.
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
Agility
Bag
Start LeftFoot
Right
FootLeft
Foot
Right
Foot
Left
Foot
Right
FootRight
Foot
Coach
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Quarterback Drills
Box Z-Drops:Procedure: Put cones in
a box formation. Havequarterback(s) line up tothe outside of the cone.Take a proper 5-step dropand then on the hitch-up,slide left to the next cone.
Then sprint forward to thenext cone and then slideright. Continue dril l tofinish the boxes.
Start
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Legend For All Drills
Shuffle
Straight Drop Back
1-Step, 3-Step, 5-Step, 7-Step
Forward Sprint
Step-Up/Step-Back
Thrown Ball
Sweep Pitch/Option Pitch
Back Peddle
Trash Can Tackling Dummy
Coach
Quarterback
Cone
Quarterbacks
Feet
Hand Shield
WR
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Quarterback Drills
Window Drill:
Procedure: QB will get his grip and hold it up infront of his face, he should be able to see his
target (in-between his palm and the ball).Objective: To ensure a fundamentally sound
grip with fingertips.
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Quarterback Drills Grip Test
Procedure: Players line up in asemi-circle and drop the ball infront of them. On coachescommand, they quickly pick up theball and grip it with both hands.The coach walks around to checkgrip.
Coaching Points: Identi fy fivethings: proper finger spacing, oneto three fingers across the laces,thumb supplying leverage,forefinger rests at 45 degrees to the
back point of the ball, and l ightbetween the palm and the ball see daylight between the palm ofthe hand and the ball.
Objective: Practice adjusting thehand to hold the football correctly.
COACH
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Slight bend at
waist
Shoulders slightly
over hips
Slight bend in the
knees
Feet no widerthan hips
Use only
throwing
hand
Seek and secure ball and
pull it in towards stomach
Pre-snap Stance
Hand position snapping Ball secure snapping
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4 Yards4 Yards4 Yards
QB Hand Exchange Line Drill
Procedure: Players line up on a lineapproximately 4 yards apart (you can usecones to space them) with two QBs ateach cone. Start out by demonstratingthe attr ibutes of a good QB stance. OneQB on one knee and holds one hand
parallel to ground to simulate centersbutt; other QB assumes good stance,back flat, knees bent, arms flexed, slightstagger to stance. On cadence, centersnaps ball into QBs hands and QB takesgood solid first step seating the ball.
Objective: To ensure a fundamentallysound QB-Center Exchange. To practiceand instill muscle memory to always seat football upon snap.
Quarterback Drills
Quarterback Drills
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4 Yards4 Yards4 Yards
QB Center Exchange Line Drill
Procedure: Players line up on a lineapproximately 4 yards apart (you can usecones to space them) with a QB and acenter at each cone. Start out bydemonstrating the attributes of a goodQB stance. QB assumes good stance
behind the center, back flat, knees bent,arms flexed, slight stagger to stance. Oncadence, center snaps ball into QBshands and QB takes good solid first stepseating the ball. After several snaps,QBs should rotate clockwise to adjust to
a knew center and continue practicingthe fundamentals
Objective: To ensure a fundamentallysound QB-Center Exchange. To practiceand instill muscle memory to always
seat football upon snap.
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Quarterback Drills
Towel Step Drill:
Procedure: Place a towel 2-3 yards behind theQBs feet. Quarterback should take a snap from
center stepping to 6 oclock over the towel. Allpass drops require this big first step.
Objective: Allows player to focus a big firststep away from center and seating the
football.
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5 Yards
2 Yard
Step 17:00
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
5 Yards
3.5 yards
121
2
3
4
56
7
8
9
10
11
Step 2
Clock Drill Procedure: Players l ine up on a yardline and
the out of bounds line with their backs to thefieldthis is to use the yardline straddlingthem as a landmark for their steps. Gothrough the footwork (different handoffs,sprint outs, etc.) one step at a time on thecoachs command.
The clock is the referencein his stance heis at the very top center of a clock face with
his feet on the 1 and 2 of 12 oclock. You can go to one group and insert trash
cans (for line spacing) and RB
Example 45 Man: FIRST STEP : QB steps with left foot at 7:00.
SECOND STEP: QB steps with right foo t at 7:00 and stepspast first step.
THIRD STEP : QB steps with left foot with a deeper angleand presents the ball to the RB.
FOURTH STEP: QB steps with righ t foot past the third stepand hands the ball of (3-4 yards deep over the guard) ridingwith his hands.
FIFTH STEP: QB reverses out on a boot course.
Objective: To ensure proper footwork andhand/arm placements. To practice and instil lmuscle memory to the different mesh points.
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Quarterback Drills
Pitch Dril l: Procedure: Standing 7-8 yards
apart and staggered by 3-5 yardsfrom a partner, QB #1 reverse pivotsand pitches the ball to QB #2. QB
#2 then turns around and he goesthrough his pitch steps to pitchback to QB #1. The pitch should beto the front shoulder of the otherquarterback. Then switch thestagger to simulate a pitch the otherdirection.
Objective: To emphasize/practicethe QB throwing on the runinparticular off the correct foot. Alsoto practice proper upright throwingmechanics and emphasize properhip rotation and pelvis pointing.
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Quarterback Drills
Standing Option Pitch Dril l: Procedure: Each QB will stand 6 yards apart, facing opposite
sidelines, one will have a ball. The ball will be held tight to the QBchest with both hands. The QB will step and pitch to his partner,the partner will do the same. Each QB wil l do 25 each with one andthen they will face the opposite sideline and get in another 25 withthe other hand.
Q
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Quarterback Drills
Running Option Pitch Dril l: Procedure: Each QB will stand 5 yards apart, one wil l have a ball.
The ball will be held tight to the QB chest with both hands. Each
QB will run straight down the line alternating the pitch. The QB
receiving the ball should stay a yard behind the other QB. Then
return back down the yard l ine doing the same.
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4 Yards4 Yards4 Yards
Throwing Stance Line Drill
Procedure: Players line up on a lineapproxmiatly 4 yards apart (you can usecones to space them). Start out bydemonstrating the attributes of a goodthrowing stance: Ball is chest high 1-3inches from the breast bone, Elbows
comfortably at your side, Shouldersalways over hips, Push ball backwardwith front hand, Two hands on the balland hold it l ike an egg, Keep back kneeinside ankle, Chin over shoulder, andHead and eyes up looking down field.
Objective: Evenly spread out QBs socoach can quickly walk around andcheck players throwing stance.
Quarterback Drills
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Quarterback Drills
Indian Style Drill: Procedure: QB wi ll sit Indian Style about five yards away from his
partner. With the ball in the proper position, he wi ll softly throw the ball tohis partner.
Objective: Allows player to focus in on the release and rotation of the ballsince distance and veloci ty are not concerns.
Towel Drill: Procedure: Quarterback will hold a bath towel in his hand with the
excess coming out the back of his grip. He should go through the propermotion with the wrist coming down and out. The excess part of the towelwil l follow through out away from the body if the player has the propermechanics.
Objective: To ensure proper release movement. If the player is followingthrough like a baseball, the excess of the towel wi ll his thigh. If his wrist isnot coming down and OUT, the excess part of the towel will not come downand away from the body. If the player is cranking or dropping theshoulder/elbow, the excess of the towel will whip during the throw ratherthan just hanging behind the throwing hand.
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Quarterback Drills
Wall/Fence Drill: Procedure: Quarterback, with a ball in his
hand at proper starting position, will puthis back about 6 from a wall/Fence (orcoach can hold up pad). He wi ll cock/loadback making sure that the back of the balldoes not hit the wall. The off arm, once itcomes of the ball, should s lap the wall.
The dril l can involve the throw ing action oran actual pass (with target 7-10 yardsaway). If drill is being done on the practicefield, a coach or fellow player can hold uphis hands or hold a bag in p lace of thewall.
Objective: To make sure he is notdropping the ball (if player drops the ball
windup , the ball will hit the wall. Thedrill also keeps him from cranking theball since the ball would hit the wall if theplayer were cranking. This drill createsa quick release, follow through withshoulder rotation, and eventually anincrease in arm st rength.
F
ENCE/WA
LLStep with front foot
Throw the ball forward
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Quarterback Warm Up Drills Knee Drills
Ball Flick Drill: Procedure: Each QB wi ll kneel down on the theirthrow ing side knee 3 yards apart. Start wi th the ball inthrow ing hand and arm extended straight up in the air.QB wants to flick the ball to the other QB with the wristand hand. Concentrate on the index finger leaving theball last.
One Knee Drill (Wrong Knee Down): Procedure: Kneel on one knee (throwing side kneedown) with the ball on the ground about a foot in frontof the knee that is down. Using only your passing hand,grip the ball and lift i t from the ground to thecocked/loaded posi tion. Throw the ball wi th the propermechanics focusing on accuracy. Start 8-10 yards fromtarget and increase the dis tance gradually.
One Knee Drill : Procedure: Kneel on one knee (throwing side knee
down) with the ball on the ground about a foot in frontof the knee that is down. Using only your passing hand,grip the ball and lift i t from the ground to thecocked/loaded posi tion. Throw the ball wi th the propermechanics focusing on accuracy. Start 8-10 yards from
target and increase the dis tance gradually.
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Quarterback Warm Up Drills
Knee Dri lls
Right knee down Left knee down Both knees down
Rotate 90
Degrees
Rotate 90
DegreesRotate 90
Degrees
Keep ball above
elbows and
shoulders
Keep most of the
ball inside back
elbow
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Quarterback Warm-Up Drills
Ten Yard Throws:Opposite Foot Forward:
Procedure: With a heal to toestagger, throw the ball to your
partner. Throw the ball with theproper mechanics focusing onaccuracy.
Feet Together: Procedure: With both feet
together, throw the ball to yourpartner. Throw the ball with theproper mechanics focusing on
accuracy.
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Quarterback Warm-Up Drills
Ten Yard Throws: Rotation:
Procedure: He wi ll then turn, realigninghimself 90 degrees towards his throwing arm(so if he was facing target downfield, he nowhas his body facing the sideling). He wi ll get
on the balls of h is feet and rise to his toespoint ing his pelvis at his target and deliveringthe ball wi th proper mechanics. After a setnumber of throws, the quarterback will thenturn his body towards the other sideline (amuch tougher throw). He now needs to onceagain get on the balls of his fee and rise to his
toes. Simultaneously, he wil l rotate his upperbody (exaggerating as if someone were pullinghis throwing elbow and hip) pointing his pelvisat his target and delivering the ball with propermechanics.
Objective: To practice proper upright throwingmechanics and to emphasize proper hip
rotation and pelvis pointing.
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Quarterback Warm-Up Drills
Long TossProcedure: Two QBs approximately
25 yds apart (longer if strongerarms). Adjust plane of shoulders
with front shoulder slightly higher.Start with arching throws trying to drop the ball into a trash can focusing on making sure nose offootball is coming down. Work into
more line drive throws, cuttingthrough the wind with the nose ofthe football still down.
Objective: To increase arm strengthand practice keeping the nose of the
football down during longer throws.
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Quarterback Drills
Drop Sprints:Procedure: Put quarterback(s) at a yard marker
on the sideline with their backs facing the field.
They will drop as fast as they can using propermechanics (feet and shoulders parallel to end
zone keeping front shoulder pointing down the
field) while staying straight in the drop
(remaining on the line) all the way to the hash.Objective: To practice quick, crisp drops
without worrying about the number of steps.
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Quarterback Drills
Footwork Drop Dril l:
Procedure: Place QBs onsideline on a yard line. Gothrough the different
footwork for run and passplays. Start slow ( first step,second step, etc.) and thenhalf-speed and then fullspeed. Picture shows drop
sequence doing this drill .
Objective: To buildunderstanding and musclesmemory of all aspects of
footwork.
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Quarterback Drills Clothes-Line/Net/Goal Post Dril l:
Procedure: Standing 15 yards from a partner, thequarterback will rise up on his toes and release theball to his target. The drill can be done by having thequarterback imagine throw ing over a clothes line, acoach can hold something up in front of the QB (bag,hands, broom, etc.), throwing over a net, throwingover the upright of a goal post , etc.forcing him to
throw over the clothes line. This drill goes inphases. Phase One is to have the quarterback standwith his feet stationary about 15 yards from histarget. The quarterback wil l rise up on his toes andrelease the ball to his target. The Second Phase is tohave the quarterback repeat the dril l but take a stepto throw. The Third Phase is to have the quarterback
take a drop and then throw. Objective: To emphasize/practice the QB to keep the
nose of the ball down in order to keep the throw fromfloating and allow it to cut through the elements. Aswell as to emphasize/practice getting the ball overthe outstretched arms of the defensive linemen andover the heads of l inebackers.
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Quarterback Drills
Trash Can Dril l: Procedure: Start with a QB under receive a snap from another
QB. Place a trash can at various spots down field. QB wil l take
a 3 or 5 step drop and try to put the ball in the trash can
indicated by the coach or at random. Can run on both sides for
maximum reps.
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Quarterback Drills
Attack Drill:Procedure: Standing 10 yards
from a partner, quarterback #1 will
jog towards quarterback #2, who
is back pedaling, and throw theball with correct form. Once
quarterback #2 catches the ball
and sets, he jogs towards
quarterback #1 who is now
backpedaling.
Objective: To emphasize/practicethe QB throwing on the runin
particular off the correct foot.
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Quarterback Drills
Circular Attack Drill : Procedure: Standing 10 yards from
a partner, quarterback #1 will jog ina circle around quarterback #2 whois stationary but w ill pivot so he isalways facing his partner.Quarterback #1 wi ll step towards
his partner and step and deliver theballhe should try and get 4-6throws in one time around and thenswitch di rections he is circling.Then the two quarterbacks switchpositions.
Objective: To emphasize/practice
the QB throwing on the runinparticular off the correct foot. Alsoto practice proper upright throwingmechanics and emphasize properhip rotation and pelvis pointing.
Quarterback Drills
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Quarterback Drills
Sprint Drill: Procedure: Standing 10 yards
apart and staggered by 5 yardsfrom a partner, quarterback #1sprint towards quarterback #2
is jogging parallel. Throwshould be to the front shoulderof the receiver. Go both waysand then the two quarterbacksswitch positions.
Objective: To
emphasize/practice the QBthrowing on the runinparticular off the correct foot.
Also to practice proper uprightthrowing mechanics andemphasize proper hip rotation
and pelvis pointing.
Quarterback Drills
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Quarterback Drills
Circular Sprint Drill: Procedure: Using three
quarterbacks, set up twoquarterbacks 15 yards apartdiagonally. The thirdquarterback will be the
passer. He sprints outbehind the LOS and movesdown toward his target.Using proper followingthrough he throws the ball tothe other quarterback. Onceeach quarterback has gone
twice, reverse that that theyare sprinting out the otherway.
Objective: Simulates goodfootwork and throws andstresses to the quarterback
to chase down his throw.
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Quarterback Drills
Down the Line Dril l: Procedure: Each QB will stand 10 yards apart, one will have a ball.The QBs will start jogging down the line keeping the ball inthrowing position. The QB will throw the ball to his partner, bygetting his shoulders and hips pointed at the other QB. Then returnback down the yard line doing the same.
Objective:
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Quarterback Drills
Box Drops:Procedure: Put cones in a box
formation. Have quarterback(s)
line up to the outside of the
cone. Take proper dropsaround the square3-step
drop=5 yards; 5-step drop=7
yards.
Objective: Obtain multiplequality practice drops in a
organized manner in which the
coach can watch all the QBs.
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Quarterback Drills
Box Z-Drops:Procedure: Put cones in a box
formation. Have quarterback(s)
line up to the outside of the
cone. Take a proper 5-stepdrop and then on the hitch-up,
plant and sprint diagonally up
to the left front cone. Then take
another 4-step drop and on thehitch-up, sprint diagonally to
the right front cone.
Objective:
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Quarterback Drills
M-Drill Procedure: Place QBs
10 yards apart andstaggered. Have QB #1(in upper-right) take hisdrop (3, 5, 7, etc.) andthrow to QB #2. Repeatunti l the ball gets to QB#4 and then just reverseit throwing back until itgets to QB #4. Canchange drops, can rotateQBs to all posit ions, etc.
Objective: Obtainmult iple quality practicedrops in a organizedmanner and short periodof timebut still requireball thrown. in which thecoach can watch all the
QBs.
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Quarterback Drills Multiple M-Dril l
Procedure:Same as M-Drill exceptmix up thedrops androtate QBsthrough allthe drops.Set up cones
if you needto workdepth andsteps of thedifferentdrops.
Objective:Obtainmultiple
qualitypracticedrops in aorganizedmanner andshort periodof timebutstill requireball thrown.
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Quarterback Drills Partner Drops
Procedure: Two lines of QBsoffset and 5 yards apart.
Perform desired drop and
throw to partner. When
throwing away from throwing
arm, be sure to force openhips and have final step
slightly back to open up.
Objective: To get high qualityand quantity reps while still
having to deliver ball. Focuson footwork and ball delivery.
3 Step Drop and Throw (right
and left)
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Quarterback Drills
Weave Dri ll : Procedure: QB takes a 5 step
drop then shuffles throughbags with ball cocked inthrowing position. He leadswith back foot so can step andthrow quickly. On command,delivers ball to receiver (otherQB) as quickly and accuratelyas possible, using great form.
Objective: To simulate a game
type scramble. This will forceQB to keep the ball up and haveproper fundamentals whi le stilltrying to attack down field.
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Quarterback Drills
Shuff le Dril l: Procedure: QB takes a 5-
step drop then shuffle feet.The coach will point in adirection (left, right, back,forward) and the quarterback
wil l take steps in thatdirection (leading with histhrowing foot) and thenshuffling until the coachgives his next command.The dril l can be finished witha throw to the coach on
command or sprintingtowards the line ofscrimmage.
Objective: To emphasisfootwork while helping tocreate pocket awareness and
field vision.
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Quarterback Drills
Wave Drill : Procedure: QB takes a 5
step drop then takes singlesteps in pocket left, right,forward and backward oncoachs verbal or handcommand. After about 3-4single steps, on coachscommand, sprints out topoint outside tackle box, setsup and hits receiver with
great form and accuracy. Objective: To emphasisfootwork while looking downfield and prepared to throwaccurate pass.
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Quarterback Drills
Re-Set Drill: Procedure: QB takes
a 5 step drop thentakes single steps inpocket left, right,forward and backward
on coachs verbal orhand command. Afterabout 3-4 singlesteps, on coachscommand, sprints outto point outside tacklebox, sets up and hits
receiver with greatform and accuracy.
Objective: Toemphasis footworkwhile looking downfield and prepared to
throw accurate pass.
ShuffleForward
Scramble Right
Duck Under
Step Back
Re-Set Deeper
5-Step Drop
Scramble Left
Step Up
Throw
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Quarterback Drills
Avoid Drill: Procedure: QB takes a 5
step drop. When hereaches plant step, coachthrows a hand shield at hismidsection. QB should takequick, short evasive actionto avoid shield then deliverpass left or right dependingon which receiver puts uphis hands.
Objective: To emphasisfootwork while lookingdown field and prepared tothrow accurate pass.
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Quarterback Drills
Scramble Drill: Procedure: QB takesa 5 step drop. Whenhe reaches plant step,he sprints forwardaround the agili tybag. Once upon the
bag, QB takes anotherdrop behind the cone.Then the QB goesaround the cone andattacks the coach andthrows on the run.
Objective: To
emphasis footworkwhile looking downfield and prepared tothrow accurate pass.
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Quarterback Drills
Read Drill :Procedure: 3
receivers 15 ydsdeep and 15 ydsapart. QB takes a 5
step drop. Thecoach is behind theQB and points toone of receivers toshow hands. QBshould adjust feetand throw todesignated receiver.
Objective: Keepingeyes down field andreacting to open
receiver.
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Quarterback Drills
Windows Drill: Procedure: 3 defenders at LB
depth 5 yards apart. 1receiver aligned at one endbehind defenders. QB takes a5 step drop. On plant step,receiver wil l start across, and3 defenders take one giantstep left or right at random,creating natural windows. QBshould adjust feet and throw
to receiver in best window Objective: Identifying andthrowing to openings in thedefense.
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Quarterback Drills
Route Rep Drill: Procedure: With a center or another QB, each QB takes a snap andtakes proper depth (depending on the route) wil l throw a pass. He
then rotates to the right. Can throw all the routes with all the drops
Objective: To put everything together (C/QB exchange, drops,
throw) and includes working on QB and Receiver timing.
QB QB QB QB
RR R
RC C C C
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Strength Exercises
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Strength Exercises
Internal/External Rotation:
This exercise will be done usinga thera-band or tubing with
handles.Grab the band with one hand
with your elbow pinned to your
side.
Internal rotation consists ofpulling the band towards your
body, and external rotation
consists of pull ing the band
away from your body.
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Strength Exercises
90-degree Internal/ExternalRotation:This exercise will be done using
a thera-band or tubing withhandles.
Grab the band with one hand,and raise your arm in the airforming a 90-dregree angle.
Internal rotation consists ofpulling the band down towardsthe ground, and external rotationconsists of pul ling the band backbehind your head.
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Strength Exercises
Crossover: This exercise will be done using a thera-
band or tubing with handles. Attach theband to something that is a few inches offthe ground.
Using your left arm first, start with the
band near your right hip. Keeping yourarm straight for the whole movement, pul lthe band across your body unti l your armis completely extended above your headon your left side.
After completing the prescribed numberof repetitions, start the band near yourleft hip and pull the band across yourbody unt il your arm is completelyextended on the right side of your head.
After completing repet itions with your leftarm, perform the same two exercises withyour right arm.
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Strength Exercises
Alternating Later/Front RaisesStart by holding a dumbbell in
each hand. Raise one dumbbelldirectly to the side and the otherdirectly to the frontsimultaneously.
Rotate your arms while holdingthis position and then return tothe starting position.
Repeat but switching which armgoes to the side and which armgoes to the front. Aftercompleting this sequence, thatis one, do 10.
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Strength Exercises
Tricep Pushdowns Perform 10 Tricep Pushdowns keeping
elbows tight to ribs
Decrease weight 10 to 15 pounds;immediately perform 10 more reps
Decrease weight 10 to 15 pounds;
immediately perform 10 more reps Sets/Reps: 2x10+10+10
Dumbbell Bench Press Lie with back on bench; hold dumbbells
near front of shoulders
Keeping elbows tight to ribs, drivedumbbells to ceiling unt il arms arestraight
Lower dumbbells to start posit ion withcontrol; repeat for specified reps
Sets/Reps: 4x6
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Strength Exercises
Overhead Plyometrics This exercise is ideally performed with a weighted medicine
or plyometric ball, but a basketball may be substituted.
Face an open wall with your feet square and about 3-4 inchesaway from the wall. Raise your arm to the passing positionoverhead. Keeping the elbow fi xed in space, quickly"bounce" the ball against the wall, using only the palm of thehand to suppor t the weight of the ball.
After st riking the wal l, the ball should rebound into your palmand cause the hand and forearm to recoil slightly (externallyrotate). Remember to keep the elbow stil l, and quickly return
the ball to wall (internally rotate). Perform 3 sets of 50 bounces against the wall. Begin with a
medicine ball weighing about 4-6 pounds and progress asstrength inc reases.
Overhead Medicine Ball Tosses With Partner Athlete is seated on the f loor with legs extended in f ront,
while partner faces and mi rrors seated position so that feet
are separated by a few inches. Starting position is both hands supporting the medicine ballbehind the head with elbows bent. The thrower executes a 2-hand overhead pass by extending the elbows full y andfollow ing through wi th wris ts. The receiver catches the ballwith both hands overhead. The force of the throw should takethe receiver's hands behind the head into the startingposition. Throwers should aim jus t above partner's headlevel.
Progress exercise to 3 sets of 20 passes or to slight fatigue.
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Reading Defenses:
P S
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Pre-Snap
Reading Defenses:
P S R d
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Pre-Snap Read
Hustle in and out of the huddle to gain as much pre-snap time aspossible in order to look over the defense and make decisions.
Get under centerif the defense is going to shift, they wil l do it afterthe QB is under center.
In shotgunget set quickly to simulate quick snap in order to force
defense to make their shif t. This 8-10 window is essential in getting the offense in the right play
and giving the QB an opportunity to know what he is going to do withthe ball.
Make sure all w ide receivers are "covered down" , with a defender inclose proximity. If not, you have an Uncovered Throw opportunity.
If running play, mentally rehearse your steps to the hand-off.
If passing play, locate your read player, but don't STARE at him.
Reading Defenses:
P S R d A dibl
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Pre-Snap ReadAudibles
It is just as valuable to audible OUT of a bad playas it is to audible IN to a big play
Never try to be too smart at the expense of the
teams aggressiveness and confidencesometimes you need to rely on your teamspreparedness and abili ty to overcome the defense
Take the gimmies in the quick passing gamewhen they are thereespecially on 1st and 2nddown
Be prepared to use dummy audibles
Reading Defenses:
P S R d F t
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Pre-Snap ReadFronts
Front SevenFront seven alignmentwhat are they in (5-2, 4-3, etc.),
do they have any tendencies based on their alignment?Get in the habit of identifying the front.
5-2 Strong Safety is back
5-3 Strong Safety is up
4-3 Strong Safety is back
4-4 Strong Safety is up
Reading Defenses:Pre-Snap ReadFronts
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Pre Snap Read Fronts5-25-3
Reading Defenses:Pre-Snap ReadFronts
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Pre Snap Read Fronts
4-34-4
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Reading Defenses:
Pre Snap Read Coverages
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Pre-Snap ReadCoverages
To tell the dif ference between these coverages we will use a phrase call "BoxD.E.A." , which stands for Men in the Box, Depth of corners, Eyes of theDefensive Backs, and Alignment of Defensive Backs.
Men in the BoxHow many Safeties are in the box?
Depth of cornersHow deep are the Corners?
Eyes of the Defensive BacksWhere are the eyes of DBs: on QB or Receivers.
Alignment of Defensive BacksHow are DBs aligned: inside, head up, or outsideshade.
This is a pre-snap read that can, and most l ikely will , change after the snap ofthe ball.
Look for the best side to read. Number of defenders vs. Number of blockers/receivers.
Know where all the routs are going to be run
Look for possible blitzesknow where your hot routes are!
At this point , the QB should have a pretty good idea of where he is going to go withthe ball!
Reading Defenses:Pre-Snap ReadCoverages
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p g BOX: The Box is tackle to tackle, 10 yards from the L.O.S. and
back. But it can shift right or left depending on whether the ballis in the middle of the field or on the hashes. If there is a safety in the box, then you know that the defense is either 1,
3, or 3 Squat.
If there is not a safety in the box, the defense is either 0, 2, 4, or 5.
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BOX
Reading Defenses:
Pre Snap Read Coverages
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Pre-Snap ReadCoverages
CBs inside witheyes on WR
Cover 0
(Expect Blitz)
No Safeties
CBs inside witheyes on WR
Cover 1
CBs outside witheyes on QB
Cover 3
One Safety
CBs shallow witheyes on QB
Cover 2
CBs deeper witheyes on QB
Cover 4
Two Safeties
Safety Indicators
Cover 0 - Man - man by all LBs, Corners and Safeties. (expect a multiple blitz in zero coverage)
Cover 1 - Man Free - man by both Corners and the LBs but the Free Safety is in a zone coverage.
Cover 2 - Two Deep Zone - SS and FS are both deep and the Corners & LBs are in a zone coverage.
Cover 3 - Three Deep Zone - both Corners and t he FS are deep with zone coverage underneath.
Cover 3Squat - Robber A cover 3 shell with the SS squatting in the seam / hook area.
Cover 4 - Four Deep Zone - a corner and a safety cover of the deep field to t he strength and the other corner covering the other.
Cover 5 - Two Deep Man Under Deep zone by the Safeties and Man by t he LBs and the Corners.
ea ng e enses:Pre-Snap ReadCoverages
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DEPTH:
If the corners are 7 or more yards deep
their coverage, it is most likely a type ofzone.
EYES:
If the DBs eyes are on the quarterback, itis most likely a type of zone coverage.
ALIGNMENT:
An outside alignment by the DBs on a
receiver points to zone coverage.
5
10
BOX
DEPTH:
If the corners are with in 6 yards it is most
likely a type of man coverage.EYES:
If the DBs have their eyes on thereceiver, it is most likely some type of mancoverage.
ALIGNMENT:
An inside or head-up alignment by the
DBs points to man.
75
Reading Defenses:
Post Snap Coverages
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Post-SnapCoverages
Reading Defenses:
Post Snap Read
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Post-Snap Read
Quickly confirm or correct your pre-snapsuspicions.
Check for coverage changes (defense trying todisguise coverage).
If there was a blitz threat, is it coming or was it athreat.
See how the play develops, reduce field to the
read area cant read whole field so dial in aspecific read.
Realize you are making the final decision on whereto go with the ball on your way backnot at the
end of the drop
Reading Defenses:
Post Snap Read Coverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Deep MiddleDeep Left Deep Right
Left Flat Left Curl Left Hook Right Hook Right Curl Right Flat
Pass Zones
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Reading Defenses:
Post Snap Read Coverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
TE T
B B
N E
C CFS SS
Cover 0 vs. Spread
Reading Defenses:
Post Snap Read Coverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Strengths
Help in Deep Middle Tight Coverage
Good Run Support to SS
Can Rush Five
5
10FS
Cover 1 - Man Free - man by both Corners and the $/LBs but the Free Safety is in a zone coverage.
Weaknesses
No Underneath Help Crossing Routes
Breaking Routes
Pick Routes
Play Action Passes
Out Routes
Reading Defenses:
Post Snap Read Coverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Cover 1 vs. Pro
T N TB
B B
E
C C
FS
SS
Reading Defenses:
Post Snap Read Coverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Cover 1 vs. Spread
TE TB
B B
EC C
FS
SS
Reading Defenses:
Post Snap Read Coverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Cover 1 vs. Trips-Split
TE T BB B
EC C
FS
SS
Reading Defenses:Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Cover 2 - Two Deep Zone - $ and FS are both deep and the Corners & LBs are in a zone coverage.
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5
Strengths
Five Underneath Coverage Ability to disrupt timing ofoutside receivers with jam
Can Rush Four
Flat Areas
Weakness
Deep Coverages Fade Area Deep Middle
Strong-Side Curl
Run Support Off-Tackle
Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Cover 2 vs. Pro
T N TB B B
EC
C
FS SS
Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Cover 2 vs. Spread
TE TB
BB
EC C
FS SS
Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Cover 2 vs. Trips-Split
TE TBB
B
EC C
FS SS
Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post-Snap ReadCoverages
Strengths
Three-Deep Secondary Four Man Rush
Run Support to Strong-Side
Cover 3 - Three Deep Zone - Both Corners and the FS are deep with zone coverage underneath.
5
10FS
Weaknesses Weak-side Curl/Flat
Strong-Side Curl Limited Fronts
Flood Routes
Run Support Away from Strong-Side
Dig Routes (In Routes)
Four Verticals
Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post Snap Read Coverages
Cover 3 vs. Pro
T N TBB B
E
C C
FS
SS
Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post Snap Read Coverages
Cover 3 vs. Spread
TE TB B B
E
C C
FS
SS
Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post Snap Read Coverages
Cover 3 vs. Trips-Split
TE T
BB B
E
C C
FS
SS
Reading Defenses:Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Cover 4 Quarters or Four Deep Zone Each DB covers of the field; Safety and Corner together cover of the field.
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Strengths Four Deep Coverage
Run Support from Safeties Ability to Double OutsideReceivers
Allows corners to play aggressivetechnique on outside receiversbecause they have help over-the-top the top in the middle
STRENGTHS
1.Four-deepcoverage.2.Runsupportfromsafeties.3.Abilitytodoublecoveroutsidereceivers.4.Allowscornerstoplayaggresivetechniqueonoutsidereceiversbecausetheyhavehelpover-the-topfromsafeties.
WEAKNESSES
1.Flatcoverage.2.Safetiesareverysusceptibletoplay-action.3.Doublecoverageon#1canbenullifiedbyhaving#2attackthecoverageofsafety.
Weaknesses Flat Coverage
Safeties are very susceptible toplay-action Double coverage on #1 can be
nullified by having #2 attack thecoverage of safety.
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Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post Snap Read Coverages
Cover 4 vs. Spread
TE TB
B BE
C C
FS SS
Reading Defenses:
Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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Post Snap Read Coverages
Cover 4 vs. Trips-Split
TE T
BB B
E
C
C
FS SS
Reading Defenses:Post-Snap ReadCoverages
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COVER 5 - Two Deep Man Under Deep zone by the Safeties and Man by the LBs and the Corners.
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Reading Defenses:Post-Snap ReadCoverages
REMEMBER!!!! Th l d A d i di t
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REMEMBER!!!! These are only pre-snap reads. A pre-snap read may indicatea certain coverage only to have it change right after the snap of the ball .
Changes in coverage are performed by a rotation in the secondary coveragepersonnel. A common coverage change-up is to align in a cover 2 and rotate to a cover
3Squat.
As the quarterback takes his drop, he needs to keep h is eyes down field andrecognize any alignment changes after the snap of the ball . Movement of theFree Safety and Strong Safety are usually the best indicators.
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Cover 3 Squat - Robber A cover 3 shell with the SS squatting in the seam / hook area.