Responsible Innovation 1

Jeroen van den Hoven • Neelke DoornTsjalling Swierstra • Bert-Jaap KoopsHenny RomijnEditors

Responsible Innovation 1

Innovative Solutions for Global Issues

123

EditorsJeroen van den HovenNeelke DoornDelft University of TechnologyDelft, The Netherlands

Bert-Jaap KoopsTilburg Law SchoolUniversity of TilburgTilburg, The Netherlands

Tsjalling SwierstraFaculty of Arts and Social SciencesUniversity of MaastrichtMaastricht, The Netherlands

Henny RomijnEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven, The Netherlands

ISBN 978-94-017-8955-4 ISBN 978-94-017-8956-1 (eBook)DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-8956-1Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London

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Acknowledgments

This volume is based upon work that was originally presented at the First Interna-tional Conference on Responsible Innovation on April 18–19, 2011, hosted by theNetherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and co-organized by thePhilosophy Section of the Technical University of Delft. The conference broughttogether the first results of research projects under the NWO Research Program“Responsible Innovation” (Maatschappelijk Verantwoord Innoveren). The theme ofthis first conference was “Innovative Solutions for Global Issues.”

We wish to thank all people who contributed to the completion of this volume.We particularly acknowledge the referees who provided useful feedback on earlierdrafts of the chapters and the manuscript as a whole. We gratefully acknowledge theeffort that all authors mustered throughout the entire process of planning, composi-tion, and revision of the manuscript. On behalf of NWO, MVI program coordinatorJasper Roodenburg is acknowledged for making possible the conference.

The Editors

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Contents

Part I Methodological and Conceptual Issues

1 Responsible Innovation: A New Look at Technology and Ethics . . . . . 3Jeroen van den Hoven

2 Technology Assessment for Responsible Innovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Armin Grunwald

3 The Quest for the ‘Right’ Impacts of Scienceand Technology: A Framework for Responsible Researchand Innovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33René von Schomberg

Part II Governance and Institutional Design

4 Innovation and Responsibility: A Managerial Approachto the Integration of Responsibility in a DisruptiveInnovation Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Xavier Pavie and Julie Egal

5 Technology Transfer of Publicly Funded Research Resultsfrom Academia to Industry: Societal Responsibilities? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Elisabeth Eppinger and Peter Tinnemann

6 The Assumption of Scientific Responsibility by EthicalCodes – An European Dilemma of Fundamental Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Hans Christian Wilms

7 How (Not) to Reform Biomedical Research: A Reviewof Some Policy Proposals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Jan De Winter

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Part III Values in a Globalizing World

8 Responsible Design and Product Innovationfrom a Capability Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Annemarie Mink, Vikram Singh Parmar,and Prabhu V. Kandachar

9 Conceptualizing Responsible Innovation in Craft Villagesin Vietnam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149Jaap Voeten, Nigel Roome, Nguyen Thi Huong,Gerard de Groot, and Job de Haan

10 Values in Development: The Significance that CulturalTransitions have for Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181Jan Otto Kroesen and Wim Ravesteijn

11 Sustainable Innovation, Learning and Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199Udo Pesch

12 The Family of the Future: How Technologies Can Leadto Moral Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219Katinka Waelbers and Tsjalling Swierstra

Part IV Ethical and Societal Aspects of ConcreteTechnological Developments

13 Quandaries of Responsible Innovation: The Caseof Alzheimer’s Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239Yvonne M. Cuijpers, Harro van Lente, Marianne Boenink,and Ellen H.M. Moors

14 Towards Responsible Neuroimaging Applicationsin Health Care: Guiding Visions of Scientistsand Technology Developers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255Marlous E. Arentshorst, Jacqueline E.W. Broerse,Anneloes Roelofsen, and Tjard de Cock Buning

15 Optimization of Complex Palliative Care at Home viaTeleconsultation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281Jeroen Hasselaar, Jelle Van Gurp, Martine Van Selm,Henk J. Schers, Evert van Leeuwen, and Kris Vissers

16 Privacy Aspects of Video Recording in the Operating Room . . . . . . . . . . 293Claire B. Blaauw, John J. van den Dobbelsteen,Frank Willem Jansen, and Joep H. Hubben

17 Assessing the Future Impact of Medical Devices: BetweenTechnology and Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301Neelke Doorn

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18 Video-Surveillance and the Production of Space in UrbanNightlife Districts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315Irina van Aalst, Tim Schwanen, and Ilse van Liempt

19 Responsibly Innovating Data Mining and Profiling Tools:A New Approach to Discrimination Sensitive and PrivacySensitive Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335Bart H.M. Custers and Bart W. Schermer

20 Military Robotics & Relationality: Criteria for EthicalDecision-Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351Lambèr Royakkers and Anya Topolski

21 On Technology Against Cyberbullying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369Janneke M. van der Zwaan, Virginia Dignum,Catholijn M. Jonker, and Simone van der Hof

Contributors

Marlous E. Arentshorst Athena Institute for Research on Innovation andCommunication in Health and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amster-dam, The Netherlands

Bart H.M. Custers eLaw@Leiden, The Centre for Law in the Information Society,Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

WODC – Ministry of Security and Justice, The Netherlands

Claire B. Blaauw Department of Health Law, University Medical Center Gronin-gen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Marianne Boenink Department of Philosophy, University of Twente, Enschede,The Netherlands

Jacqueline E.W. Broerse Athena Institute for Research on Innovation andCommunication in Health and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amster-dam, The Netherlands

Yvonne M. Cuijpers Innovation Studies, Copernicus Institute of SustainableDevelopment, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Tjard de Cock Buning Athena Institute for Research on Innovation andCommunication in Health and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amster-dam, The Netherlands

Gerard de Groot Development Research Institute (IVO), Tilburg University,Tilburg, The Netherlands

Job de Haan Tilburg School of Economics and Management, Tilburg University,Tilburg, The Netherlands

Jan De Winter Centre for Logic and Philosophy of Science, Department ofPhilosophy and Moral Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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xii Contributors

Virginia Dignum Information and Communication Technology, Delft Universityof Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Neelke Doorn Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Julie Egal Institute Strategy for Innovation and Service, ESSEC Business School,Paris, France

Elisabeth Eppinger Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Chair of Innova-tion Management and Entrepreneurship, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

Armin Grunwald Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

Jeroen Hasselaar Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine,Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Joep H. Hubben Department of Health Law, University Medical Center Gronin-gen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Nguyen Thi Huong School of International Education (SIE), Hanoi University ofScience and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam

Frank Willem Jansen Department of Biomechanical Engineering, DelftUniversity of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,The Netherlands

Catholijn M. Jonker Interactive Intelligence, Delft University of Technology,Delft, The Netherlands

Prabhu V. Kandachar Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft Universityof Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Jan Otto Kroesen Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Department ofPhilosophy, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Annemarie Mink Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University ofTechnology, Delft, The Netherlands

Ellen H.M. Moors Innovation Studies, Copernicus Institute of SustainableDevelopment, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Vikram Singh Parmar Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft Universityof Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Center for Innovative Business Design, Ahmedabad University, Gujarat, India

Xavier Pavie Institute Strategy for Innovation and Service, ESSEC BusinessSchool, Paris, France

Udo Pesch Faculty of Technology, Management and Policy, Department of Values,Technology and Innovation, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Contributors xiii

Wim Ravesteijn Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Department ofPhilosophy, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Anneloes Roelofsen Dutch Cancer Society, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Nigel Roome Governance & Ethics Management Domain, Vlerick Leuven GentSchool of Management, Leuven, Belgium

Lambèr Royakkers School of Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University ofTechnology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Bart W. Schermer eLaw@Leiden, The Centre for Law in the Information Society,Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

Henk J. Schers Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud UniversityNijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Tim Schwanen Transport Studies Unit, School of Geography and theEnvironment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Tsjalling Swierstra Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Maastricht,Maastricht, The Netherlands

Peter Tinnemann Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte,Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin,Germany

Anya Topolski Institute for Philosophy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Irina van Aalst Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty ofGeosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

John J. van den Dobbelsteen Department of Biomechanical Engineering, DelftUniversity of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Jeroen van den Hoven Department of Values, Technology and Innovation, DelftUniversity of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Simone van der Hof eLaw@Leiden, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands

Janneke M. van der Zwaan Information and Communication Technology, DelftUniversity of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Jelle Van Gurp Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine,Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Evert van Leeuwen Department of IQhealthcare; Ethics, Radboud UniversityNijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Harro van Lente Innovation Studies, Copernicus Institute of SustainableDevelopment, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Ilse van Liempt Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty ofGeosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

xiv Contributors

Martine Van Selm Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCOR),University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Kris Vissers Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine,Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Jaap Voeten Development Research Institute (IVO), Tilburg University, Tilburg,The Netherlands

René von Schomberg European Commission, Brussels, Belgium

Katinka Waelbers Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Maastricht,Maastricht, The Netherlands

Hans Christian Wilms Max Planck Research Group “Democratic Legitimacyof Ethical Decisions: Ethics and Law in the Areas of Biotechnology andBiomedicine”, Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and InternationalLaw, Heidelberg, Germany

Author Biographies

Marlous E. Arentshorst holds a master degree in health and life sciences. In herPh.D.-research she explores options how a (more) socially responsible researchand innovation process of medical neuroimaging technologies can be created inorder to establish an appropriate societal embedding of these technologies in theDutch clinical context. Hereto an interactive, multi-stakeholder approach is appliedin which stakeholders from science and society are actively involved.

Bart H.M. Custers is research manager at eLaw, the Institute for Law in theInformation Society at Leiden University, the Netherlands. His research is focusedon discrimination and privacy issues of new technologies, particularly data miningand profiling, the most important tools to deal with Big Data. In 2013 dr. Custerspublished the book “Privacy and Discrimination in the Information Society”. He haspublished his work, over 60 publications, in both scientific journals and newspapers.

Claire B. Blaauw obtained her degree in law at the University of Nijmegen.From 2008 to 2012 she worked as a Hospital Lawyer and as a lecturer HealthLaw at UMCG (Groningen). From 2012 she works as a lawyer at Medirisk withspecialization in medical liability.

Marianne Boenink is an assistant professor at the Department of Philosophy,University of Twente. Her research focuses on philosophy and ethics of biomedicaltechnologies. She is particularly interested in the role of science and technologyin visions of the future of medicine. She also investigates methodologies forethical and societal reflection on emerging technologies. She is PI of the project‘Responsible innovation of early diagnostics for Alzheimer’s Disease’, fundedby the ‘Responsible Innovation’-program of the Dutch organization for ScientificResearch (NWO), 2009–2014.

Jacqueline E.W. Broerse is professor of innovation and communication in thehealth and life sciences. She holds a master degree in biomedical sciences andobtained her Ph.D. degree on the development of an interactive approach inresearch agenda setting processes. Her current research is focused on methodology

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xvi Author Biographies

development for facilitating a dialogue between science and society, and manage-ment of systemic change processes, to contribute to more equitable and inclusiveinnovation processes. Many of her research projects are in the health sector.

Yvonne M. Cuijpers has a background in Philosophy of Science Technology andSociety at the University of Twente and has worked on research projects aboutsystem innovation in animal husbandry and alternatives for animal testing. Currentlyshe is affiliated to the Utrecht University, where she is preparing a doctoral thesis onthe subject of responsible early diagnostics for Alzheimer’s Disease.

Tjard de Cock Buning is professor of applied ethics in life sciences. He was trainedas bio-physicist in the neurosciences and as philosopher of science. His currentresearch focuses on complex multi-stakeholder problems in the life sciences. Byengaging patients as well as industry, government and academia in agenda settingand decisions processes he develops and investigates methodologies of variousforms of dialogue. The last years he dealt with topics as health system reforms, alco-hol & drugs policy, genetic modified food, neuroimaging and predictive medicine.

Gerard de Groot is retired director and senior economist at the DevelopmentResearch Institute of Tilburg University. Throughout his career, he carried outa series of research projects in the fields of economic development, innovation,poverty alleviation in developing countries. Moreover, he was responsible for invarious capacity building projects of African Universities financed by Dutch andinternational donors. With these programs, he enabled a substantial number of Ph.D.candidate from Africa to graduate at Tilburg University.

Job de Haan is associate professor on international production management atTilburg University’s School of economics and Management. His research interestsinclude lean logistics, international supply chains, corporate social responsibilityand innovation. Dr. de Haan was involved in the responsible innovation researchin Vietnam and particularly brought in the qualitative research and case studiesmethodologies of international value chains.

Jan De Winter studied moral sciences at Ghent University. He works as a Ph.D.fellow of the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) at the Centre for Logic andPhilosophy of Science (Ghent University). His research focuses on issues in socialepistemology and research ethics. He also published some papers on explanation.

Virginia Dignum is an associate professor at the Faculty of Technology, Policy andManagement, Delft University of Technology. She got her Ph.D. in 2004 at UtrechtUniversity. Her research focuses on agent based models of organizations, and theinteraction between people and intelligent systems and teams. In 2006, she wasawarded the prestigious Veni grant from NWO (Dutch Organization for ScientificResearch). She has organized many international conferences and workshops, andhas more than 120 peer-reviewed publications and books.

Neelke Doorn has a background in civil engineering and philosophy. She iscurrently affiliated to Delft University of Technology and the 3TU. Centre for

Author Biographies xvii

Ethics and Technology. For her Ph.D. research, she was involved in an ethicalparallel research on Ambient Intelligence Technology. Neelke Doorn has publishedon topics within the field of applied ethics, notably engineering ethics and medicalethics, responsible innovation, and water governance. Her current research focuseson distributive issues in technology regulation and water governance.

After graduating from the French Business School ESSEC and two years of workexperience in a major consulting company, Julie Egal has joined the ESSEC ISIS in2009 as a research associate. She contributed to several research projects, focusedon innovation and responsibility in the service industry.

Elisabeth Eppinger is a researcher and lecturer at the University of Potsdam,Germany, Chair for Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship. She holdsa degree in Science and Technology Studies from Maastricht University andUniversity of Strasbourg and a degree in engineering. Her research focus is oninnovation, intellectual property rights and technology transfer. Currently, she isthe project leader of a research project on innovation and business models in thepharmaceutical industry.

Armin Grunwald is physicist by education. After occupations in industry andresearch institutes he is now full professor of philosophy and ethics of technologyat Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), director of the Institute for TechnologyAssessment and Systems (ITAS) at KIT and director of the Office of TechnologyAssessment at the German Parliament at Berlin. His main research areas aretheory and methodology of Technology Assessment, theory and methodology ofsustainable development, and ethics of technology

Jeroen Hasselaar (Ph.D.) is assistant professor in palliative care at RadboudUMCNijmegen and project leader for palliative care on behalf of the Dutch federationof UMCs. He is vice-chair of the pain and palliative care center at RadboudUMCNijmegen. He graduated in health sciences (Rotterdam, cum laude) and Appliedethics (Utrecht) and holds a Ph.D. in Medicine (Nijmegen).

Professor Joep H. Hubben is professor of health law at the University MedicalCentre and Faculty of Law of the University of Groningen and lawyer at NysinghLawyers & Notaries NV. He was previously employed as public health inspectorand counselor to the Arnhem Court of Appeal.

Nguyen Thi Huong is researcher and staff member of the School of InternationalEducation of Hanoi University of Science and Technology. She graduated fromUniversity of Leipzig in entrepreneurial competencies and their impact on theperformance of small enterprises. Mrs. Huong acted as researcher and Vietnamesecounterpart in the NWO Responsible Innovation research project at Tilburg Uni-versity. Within Hanoi University of Science and Technology she continues withresearch in the fields of informal institutions, sustainable business and innovation.

Frank Willem Jansen is a gynaecologist at the Leiden University Medical Center.He is appointed as professor at the Leiden University and the Technical University

xviii Author Biographies

Delft for Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS). His research line is on qualitycontrol in MIS and prevention of complications. Herewith guidance is obtained toimplement this high technological innovation in a patient safe way. At this momenthe is the president of the Dutch Society of MIS.

Catholijn M. Jonker is full professor of the Interactive Intelligence group at theFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science of the DelftUniversity of Technology. Her recent publications address cognitive processes andconcepts such as trust, negotiation, and the dynamics of individual agents andorganisations. In Delft, she works with an interdisciplinary team to engineer humanexperience through multi-modal interaction between natural and artificial actors ina social dynamic context.

Prabhu V. Kandachar is extensively involved in projects involving students andbusinesses to identify opportunities as well as to design & prototype products andservices for the Base-of-the-Pyramid (BoP) and emerging markets. Issues coveredinclude water, healthcare, energy, housing, etc., in countries like India, Indonesia,China, Brazil, Ghana, Tanzania, Honduras, Philippines, Pakistan, Madagascar, etc.He was also directing research work on some healthcare issues of the poor indeveloping countries. He has several keynote lectures and publications includingan edited book on this topic.

Bert-Jaap Koops is Professor of Regulation & Technology at the Tilburg Institutefor Law, Technology, and Society (TILT), the Netherlands. From 2005 to 2010,he was a member of De Jonge Akademie, a young-researcher branch of theRoyal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. His main research fields arecybercrime, cyber-investigation, forensics, privacy, and data protection. He is alsointerested in identity, digital constitutional rights, techno-regulation, and regulatoryimplications of human enhancement, genetics, robotics, and neuroscience.

Jan Otto Kroesen is Assistant Professor at the Technological University Delft. Heteaches ethics, language philosophy and intercultural communication. His researchis focused on the co-development of society, institutions, values and technology,especially in view of future strategies for developing countries, and the technologytransfer and the institutional transition required to reach that objective.

Annemarie Mink is investigating the implications of Amartya Sen’s capabilityapproach on product development for rural people in emerging markets. In 2006 shere-designed a silk reeling machine for rural women in eastern India. After graduationshe developed this machine further, in collaboration with NGO’s. The machine waslater patented in her name and named Anna Charkha. Currently 156 machines areoperational running on solar power. Besides doing research on responsible design,she teaches master students on research methods and guides graduation students.

Ellen H.M. Moors is Professor of Sustainable Innovation. Her research in thefield of innovation studies focuses on the dynamics and governance of emergingtechnologies in science-based sectors, such as agro-food, life sciences and health

Author Biographies xix

& ageing. Responsible innovation is an important topic in her work. The theoreticalfocus of her work is on the role of user innovations and user-producer interactions inemerging technological innovation systems and changing institutional governancearrangements in emerging technology fields.

Vikram Singh Parmar has been working in the base of the pyramid context sincethe past 10 years in the domain such as medical devices for affordable health,agriculture, and education. He is interested in persuasive technology and how itcan be used to change social beliefs and attitudes. In VentureStudio, his goal is tooffer a platform to entrepreneurs and grassroots innovators to refine their innovationby building prototypes, providing design and engineering support, and determiningtheir viability. The objective of the Studio is to demonstrate a working model for aninnovation eco-system which can be replicated in other parts of the country.

Xavier Pavie, Ph.D. is the Director of the Institute for Strategic Innovation &Services (ISIS) of ESSEC Business School. He is also research-associate at IREPH(Institut Recherche Philosophique) – Université Paris Ouest. For many years hispublications have emphasized philosophical approaches to innovation managementand particularly the notion of ‘responsible-innovation’ as a source of innovation andperformance. He has published several articles and a dozen of books on philosophyand on innovation and has developed courses, conferences and workshops aroundthe topic of responsible innovation.

Udo Pesch is assistant professor at Delft University of Technology. He is affiliatedto the department of Values & Technology of the department of Technology,Policy and Management. His disciplinary interests include science and technologystudies, environmental politics, sustainable innovation, public administration, andphilosophy.

Wim Ravesteijn is a Senior Lecturer & Researcher at TU Delft and affiliated to bothHarbin (China) Institute of Technology and Beijing Information Science & Technol-ogy University as a Visiting/Contract Professor. He teaches Technology Dynamics,Innovation Management & Impact Assessment from historical, international, socio-cultural and ethical perspectives. His present research is focused on ResponsiblePort Innovation in China and North-West Europe. He has published, amongothers, on water resources development & management in Europe, Indonesia andChina.

Anneloes Roelofsen has a background in medical biology. She obtained her Ph.D.degree on the development of a constructive technology assessment (CTA) approachthat aims to facilitate broad societal reflection on emerging technologies, and toguide research activities into societal desirable directions. In her current position atthe Dutch Cancer Society she focuses on patient participation in health research.

Henny Romijn is an Associate Professor of Technology & Development Studiesin the School of Innovation Sciences of Eindhoven University of Technology. Herresearch focuses on sustainable pro-poor innovation in the global South, using

xx Author Biographies

evolutionary economics & transition studies as analytical perspectives. Beforeturning into an academic, she worked for the International Labour Organisation onemployment promotion projects in East Africa and South Asia. She is currentlycoordinating a programme funded by the Dutch Science Organisation’s programmeon Responsible Innovation which addresses the drivers and consequences of theemergence of contentious biofuel projects in Tanzania and India.

Nigel Roome is professor of governance, corporate responsibility and sustainabledevelopment at Vlerick Business School (Leuven University Belgium). His researchinterests examine the relationship between business strategies, technological andmanagement innovation and systemic changes arising from sustainable develop-ment. He also advised various multi-lateral organizations, including the EuropeanCommission, and governments in developing innovation and sustainable devel-opment policies. Prof. Roome acted as Project leader of the NWO responsibleinnovation research project in Vietnam of Tilburg University.

Lambèr Royakkers is associate professor in Ethics and Technology at EindhovenUniversity of Technology, and associate professor in Military Ethics at NetherlandsDefense Academy. He is also chairman of the Ethics Advisory Board of theEuropean FP7-project SUBCOP (Suicide Bomber Counteraction and Prevention,2013–2016). He is co-author of the book Ethics, Engineering and Technology(Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, with professor Ibo van de Poel). His current researchinvolves the ethical aspects of social robots, value sensitive design, and theformalization of (collective) responsibility.

Bart W. Schermer Ph.D., LLM is an assistant professor at the Institute for Lawin the Information Society (eLaw@Leiden) at Leiden University, the Netherlands.His research is focused on privacy and cybercrime. Apart from his work for theUniversity Bart is partner at Considerati, an IT law and policy consultancy.

Henk J. Schers (MD, Ph.D.), is a general practitioner and a senior researcher inprimary health care at RadboudUMC.

Tim Schwanen is Departmental Lecturer in Transport Studies and Human Geogra-phy at the University of Oxford. He holds a Ph.D. Degree from Utrecht Universityand his research can be positioned at the intersection of urban, transport, cultural,political and economic geography. His current research interests revolve around thegeographical dimensions of well-being; social inequalities in passenger transport;and transitions towards low-energy and low-carbon societies.

Prof Dr. Tsjalling Swierstra is full professor in Philosophy at the University ofMaastricht (the Netherlands). The theoretical interest that connects his work inthe philosophy of technology is: how can the dynamic interaction between moraland technological development be analyzed, anticipated and evaluated? He haspublished articles and books on cloning, new reproductive technologies, genomics,technology ethics in general, and on the ethics of New and Emerging Science andTechnology (so-called NEST-ethics) in particular.

Author Biographies xxi

Dr. Peter Tinnemann heads the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin global healthresearch at the Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics.He is a Medical Doctor with a Master in Public Health from Cambridge University,United Kingdom with substantial work experiences in international humanitarianaid organisations and the United Kingdom and German National Health Services.As a medical doctor he worked in paediatrics, infectious diseases and tropicalmedicine settings.

Anya Topolski is a FWO (Research Foundation Flanders) postdoctoral fellow at theCentre for Ethics, Social and Political Philosophy of the Higher Institute of Philos-ophy at the KU Leuven, Belgium. Her current research involves the deconstructionof the discourse of Judeo-Christianity in relation to European identity formation andits symbolic role in propagating Islamophobia. In 2008 defended her Ph.D. thesisentitled: A Political Ethics of Intersubjectivity: Between Hannah Arendt, EmmanuelLevinas and the Judaic (KU Leuven). Her thesis was awarded the 2009 AuschwitzStichting prize and is being prepared for publication.

Irina van Aalst is Assistant Professor Urban Geography at the Utrecht University,having previously worked as senior researcher at the Institute for Housing andMobility Studies at Delft University of Technology. Her research covers a widerange of urban topics and can be positioned at the intersection of urban, culturaland economic geography. She has published on urban dynamics and culture, publicspaces, creative industries, surveillance and nightlife.

John J. van den Dobbelsteen obtained his degree in psychophysics at the Uni-versity of Groningen. His Ph.D. degree was obtained in 2003 at the Departmentof Neuroscience of the Erasmus MC in Rotterdam. From 2005 he works asassistant at the Department of Biomechanical Engineering of the Delft University ofTechnology. His research projects focus on the study of instrument-tissue interactionin minimally invasive techniques and on the development of workflow monitoringsystems for the OR.

Jeroen van den Hoven is professor of Moral Philosophy at Delft Universityof Technology. Van den Hoven is Vice Dean of the Faculty of Technology,Policy and Management. He is former Scientific Director of the Centre forEthics and Technology of the Three Technical Universities in The Netherlands(www.ethicsandtechnology.eu) and Editor in Chief of Ethics and InformationTechnology (Springer). Jeroen van den Hoven is chair of the responsible innovation(“Maatschappelijk Verantwoord Innoveren”) programme of the Netherlands Orga-nization of Scientific Research (NWO).

Simone van der Hof is a full professor in law and the information society. Simone’sparticular academic interest is in the fields of online privacy, data protection andprivacy statements, digital identities, digital child rights, (legal, social, technolog-ical) regulation of online child safety, and empowerment of individuals throughtechnology.

xxii Author Biographies

Janneke M. van der Zwaan is a Ph.D. candidate at the Faculty of Technology,Policy and Management of Delft University of Technology. In her research, Jannekeexplores how intelligent virtual agents can provide social support to users. She isparticularly interested in endowing these agents with the emotional skills requiredto comfort users. She has developed a virtual buddy prototype system that providesemotional support and practical advice to victims of cyberbullying.

Jelle Van Gurp is a Ph.D. candidate in the department of Anaesthesiology, Painand Palliative Care, RadboudUMC, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. He is workingon the ‘Optimization of complex palliative care at home by means of expertteleconsultation’-project. He has a degree in Media Studies and Philosophy, and, bynow, an extensive experience with qualitative research with vulnerable people. Hismain interests are patient-provider communication (through technology), empathy,and the ethics of caring for extremely vulnerable people.

Evert van Leeuwen, Ph.D., is head of the section Ethics, Philosophy and Historyof Medicine of the Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare: IQ healthcare at theRadboudUMC Nijmegen. Evert van Leeuwen studied philosophy and mathematicsat the Free University (VU) of Amsterdam. In 1986 he graduated cum laude inphilosophy on the Ph.D. thesis “Descartes’ Regulae.”

Harro van Lente is professor ‘philosophy of sustainable development, from ahumanistic perspective’ at Maastricht University, where he studies the relationbetween needs and novelty. He is also Associate Professor of ‘Emerging Tech-nologies’ at the Utrecht University, where his research focuses on the dynamicsof expectations in nanotechnology, hydrogen and medical technologies.

Ilse van Liempt gained her Ph.D. (2007) at the Institute for Migration and EthnicStudies, worked as a Marie Curie Postdoc Fellow (2008–2010) at Sussex Universityand is currently employed as Assistant Professor at Utrecht University in the HumanGeography Department. She has published widely on migration, human rights,surveillance, security, public space and qualitative research methods.

Martine Van Selm is an Associate Professor in the Amsterdam School of Commu-nication Research and director of the College of Communication at the University ofAmsterdam. Van Selm combines her gerontological expertise on personal meaningin later life (Ph.D. 1998, Department of Psychogerontology, Radboud UniversityNijmegen) with researching media content and media use. She has published on theuse of new media in health care organizations, portrayals of old age-stereotypes inthe media, corporate communication and lifelong employability, and on qualitativeresearch methods.

Kris Vissers MD, Ph.D. is anesthesiologist, professor in Pain and PalliativeMedicine and chairman of the Academic Center of Pain and Palliative Medicineof the RadboudUMC in the Netherlands. He is President Elect and member of theExecutive Board of the World Institute of Pain, Honorary Secretary of the Benelux

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Chapter of the World Institute of Pain. His fields of research are proactive careplanning, innovative care solutions and patient follow-up systems in chronic painpatients and patients in a palliative trajectory.

Jaap Voeten is a development economist at the Tilburg School of Economicsand Management (TiSEM) of Tilburg University specialised in poor small andhousehold business in developing countries. His past long-term working experiencein Vietnam, where he lived and worked closely with small producers in ruralareas, provided the basis for his Ph.D. research on ‘Responsible Innovation’ withinNWO’s thematic program. He produced a series of articles on innovation in smallproducers’ clusters with regard to sustainable business and poverty alleviation.

Dr. Dr.phil. René von Schomberg is an agricultural scientist and philosopher.Author/co-editor of 12 books. He holds Ph.D.’s from: The University of Twente,the Netherlands (Science and Technology Studies) and J.W. Goethe Universityin Frankfurt am Main, Germany (Philosophy). He has been a European UnionFellow at George Mason University, USA in 2007 and has been with the EuropeanCommission since 1998. Before joining the Commission he was teaching at TwenteUniversity and Tilburg University in the Netherlands.

Dr. Katinka Waelbers studied both Natural Sciences and Philosophy, and workedas a bioethicist at Utrecht University (1998–2005). She went to the Universityof Twente (2005–2010) to focus on philosophy of technology, and continued thisresearch line at the University of Maastricht (2010–2012), before she decided tofocus on her artistic career. She authored dozens of articles, scientific reports andbooks on bioethics and philosophy of technology, and she is the author of the book“Doing Good with Technologies”.

Hans Christian Wilms studied law in Freiburg/Germany and holds a Ph.D.degree in law of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg. He worked as aresearch fellow in a Max Planck Research Group about “Democratic Legitimacyof Ethical Decisions” at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law andInternational Law in Heidelberg. Scientific ethical codes in German, European andInternational Law are the centerpiece of his research and were general topic of histhesis.