responsibilities and costs of credit
DESCRIPTION
18. Responsibilities and Costs of Credit. 18.1 Using Credit Wisely 18.2 Costs of Credit. Lesson 18.1 Using Credit Wisely. GOALS Describe the responsibilities of consumer credit. Discuss how to protect your credit from fraud. Explain how you can reduce or avoid credit costs. Chapter 18. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Responsibilities and Costs of Credit
18.1 Using Credit Wisely18.2 Costs of Credit
18
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
2
Lesson 18.1Using Credit Wisely
GOALS■ Describe the responsibilities of
consumer credit.■ Discuss how to protect your credit from
fraud.■ Explain how you can reduce or avoid
credit costs.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
3
Responsibilities ofConsumer Credit
■ You have responsibilities to yourself.■ You have responsibilities to creditors.■ Creditors have responsibilities to you.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
4
Responsibilities to Yourself
■ Use credit wisely and do not get into debt beyond an amount you can comfortably repay.
■ Check out businesses before making credit purchases.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
5
Responsibilities to Yourself
■ Comparison shop and avoid impulse buying.
■ Comparison shopping involves checking several places to be sure you are getting the best price for equal quality.
■ Impulse buying occurs when you buy something without thinking about it and making a conscious decision.
(continued)
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
6
Responsibilities to Yourself
■ Have the right attitude about using credit.■ Enter into each transaction in good faith and with full
expectation of meeting your obligations and upholding your good credit reputation.
■ Garnishment is a legal process that allows part of your paycheck to be withheld for payment of a debt.
(continued)
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
7
Responsibilities to Creditors
■ When you open an account, you are pledging your honesty and sincerity in the use of credit.
■ Some of your responsibilities are:■ Limit your spending■ Make payments■ Read and understand terms■ Contact creditor to resolve problems
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
8
Creditors’ Responsibilities to You
■ Assisting consumers in making wise purchases by honestly representing goods and services.
■ Informing customers about all rules and regulations, interest rates, credit policies, and fees.
■ Cooperating with established credit reporting agencies.■ Establishing and adhering to sound lending and credit policies. ■ Using reasonable methods of contacting customers who fail to
meet their obligations and assisting in solving credit problems.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
9
Protecting Yourself from Credit Card Fraud
■ Credit card fraud costs businesses and consumers millions of dollars each year.
■ Common types of fraud■ Illegal use of a lost or stolen credit card■ Illegal use of credit card information
intercepted online■ While the credit card holder’s
liability is limited to $50, the merchant is not protected from loss.
■ Merchants often raise their overall prices to cover such losses.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
10
Safeguarding Your Cards
■ Sign and activate cards immediately.
■ Carry only cards you need.■ Keep a list of cards and
information about them in a safe place.
■ Notify creditors if a card is lost or stolen.
■ Watch card during transactions.
■ Tear up old receipts.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
11
Safeguarding Your Cards
■ Do not lend cards or leave them lying around.
■ Destroy expired cards.■ Do not give credit card
information by phone or online to people or businesses you don’t know.
■ Keep receipts and verify charges on statements.
(continued)
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
12
Protecting Your Accounts Online■ Deal with companies you
know and trust.■ Look for secure site
symbol.■ Encryption is a code that
protects your account name, number, and other information.
■ When information is encrypted, it is made unreadable to others trying to read it.
■ Review privacy policy.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
13
Protecting Your Accounts Online
■ Look for the seal of a non-profit watchdog group.
■ Initiate all transactions yourself at sites you trust.
■ Phishing is a scam that uses online pop-up messages or e-mail to deceive you into disclosing personal information.
■ “Phishers” send messages that appear to be from a business that you normally deal with, such as your bank or Internet service provider (ISP).
(continued)
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
14
Avoiding UnnecessaryCredit Costs
■ Accept only the amount of credit that you need.
■ Unused credit can count against you.■ Unused credit is the remaining credit
available to you on current accounts.■ Make more than the minimum
payment.■ Do not increase spending as
income increases.■ Keep your credit accounts to a
minimum.■ Pay cash for small purchases.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
15
Avoiding UnnecessaryCredit Costs
■ Understand the cost of credit.■ Shop for loans.■ Take advantage of credit
incentive programs.■ With a rewards program, you
will receive a payback in the form of points that can be redeemed for merchandise or airline tickets.
■ With a rebate plan, you get back a portion of what you spent in credit purchases over the year.
(continued)
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
16
Lesson 18.2Costs of Credit
GOALS■ Explain why credit costs vary.■ Compute and explain simple interest and APR.■ Compare methods of computing finance
charges on revolving credit.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
17
Why Credit Costs Vary
■ Source of credit■ Amount financed and length of
time■ Ability to repay debt■ Collateral■ Interest rates
■ The prime rate is the interest rate that banks offer to their best business customers, such as large corporations.
■ Individuals pay higher rates because the risk is greater to the lender.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
18
Why Credit Costs Vary
■ Economic conditions■ Type of credit or loan
■ Fixed-rate loans are loans for which the interest rate does not change over the life of the loan.
■ With variable-rate loans, the interest rate goes up and down with inflation and other economic indicators.
■ The business’s costs of providing credit.
(continued)
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
19
Computing the Cost of Credit
■ Simple interest formula■ Annual percentage rate formula■ Credit card billing methods
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
20
Simple Interest Formula
■ Simple interest is interest computed only on the amount borrowed (or saved), without compounding.
■ The simple interest method of calculating interest assumes one payment at the end of the loan period.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
21
Simple Interest Formula
■ The cost is based on three elements: ■ A loan’s principal is the amount borrowed,
or the unpaid portion of the amount borrowed, on which the borrower pays interest.
■ The rate is the percentage of interest you will pay on a loan.
■ Time is the period during which the borrower will repay a loan; it is expressed as a fraction of a year.
(continued)
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
22
Simple Interest Formula
■ The formula for simple interest is:
(continued)
Interest (I) = Principal (P) × Rate (R) × Time (T)
I = P × R × T
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
23
Annual Percentage Rate Formula
■ There are two ways to calculate APR: ■ APR formula■ APR tables
■ The APR tables are more precise; the formula only approximates the APR.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
24
Annual Percentage Rate Formula
APR = 2 × n × fP (N + 1)
Where: n = number of payment periods in one year f = finance charge P = principal or amount borrowed N = total number of payments
(continued)
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
25
Down Payment
■ An installment contract requires a down payment, which is part of the purchase price paid in cash up front.
■ The down payment reduces the amount of the loan.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning
Chapter 18
26
Credit Card Billing Methods
■ Adjusted balance method
■ Previous balance method
■ Average daily balance method
■ Two-cycle billing