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The The Gospel Gospel

according to according to JOHNJOHN

Johns Gospel is the one, fine,true, and chief gospel, and isfar, far to be preferred overthe other three and placed

high above them.Martin Luther

http://www.nga.gov/cgi-bin/pimage?41353+0+0

Gospels 1.205 - MGVHoffman

Resources for Studying the Resources for Studying the Gospel of JohnGospel of John

by Felix Justby Felix Just

http://catholic-resources.org/John/

The Gospel according to JohnThe Gospel according to John Who?

Beloved Disciple = author? Literary deviceLiterary device (beloved disciple as reader)? LazarusLazarus? - 11.3,5,36: "Lord, he whom you love is ill." John of ZebedeeJohn of Zebedee? - 13.23; 19.26; 20.2; 21.7,20:

One of his disciples -- the one whom Jesus loved --was reclining next to him

No explicit reference in the Gospel to John son of Zebedee (21.2)

Tradition of John and Mary (19.26) ThomasThomas (the Twin)?

Relation to (John) the Elder of Johannine Letters (2 John 1.1; 3 John 1.1)

Relation to John of Revelation (1.1, 4, 9; 22.8)

The Gospel according to JohnThe Gospel according to John When?

Stages of compositionEarly: 40-70CE - Jewish

Xns within synagogue

Middle: 70-80CE - Xns and synagogue in tension

Late: 80-100CE - Xns over against synagogue

>> ~90CE

Oral, unorganized collection of Jesus words and deeds

Distinctive units shapedthrough decades ofpreaching/teaching

(Signs Gospel?)

Units organized consecutivelyRedactions

Final editing:Add chs 15-17, 21

The Gospel according to JohnThe Gospel according to John

Where? Traditional: Ephesus Galilee? Syria? Alexandria? John and the John and the SynopticsSynoptics

http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm

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John and the John and the SynopticsSynopticsMaterial ONLY in JohnMaterial ONLY in John

Prologue (1:1-18)

Wedding at Cana (2:1-12) Dialogue with Nicodemus (2:233:21) Samaritan Woman at the Well (4:1-42) Healing of a Sick Man at Pool of Bethesda (5:1-18) Bread of Life Discourse (6:22-65) [Woman caught in Adultery (7:538:11)] Giving Sight to a Man Born Blind (9:1-41) Raising of Lazarus (11:1-44)

http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm

Washing of the Disciples Feet (13:1-20) Last Supper Discourses, including "Paraclete" & "Vine and

Branches" The "Disciple Whom Jesus Loved" Great Prayer of Jesus (17:1-26) New Details at the Crucifixion (19:20-24, 26-28, 30-37, 39)

Resurrection Appearance to Mary Magdalene alone Resurrection Appearance to Thomas (20:24-29) Resurrection Appearance at the Sea of Galilee

John and the John and the SynopticsSynopticsMaterial ONLY in JohnMaterial ONLY in John

http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm

John and the John and the SynopticsSynopticsMaterial different in John compared to Material different in John compared to SynopticsSynoptics

http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm

Anointing at Bethany by Lazarussister Mary,and objection by Judas Iscariot

Anointing at Bethany by anonymous woman,and objection by anonymous people

Jesus ministry overlaps with John (3:22-24)

Jesus ministry begins after John the Baptists arrest

Temple cleansing at the beginning of Jesus ministry (2:13ff)

Temple cleansing one week before Jesus death

First Disciples are Andrew, an anonymous second one, Simon Peter, Philipp, Nathanael (1:35-51)

First Disciples Jesus calls directly are Simon & Andrew, James & John

Multiple Journeys to JerusalemOnly One Journey to Jerusalem

Jesus ministry spans three Passovers (2:13; 6:4; 11:55)

Jesus ministry lasts about one year

JohnSynoptics

John and the John and the SynopticsSynopticsMaterial different in John compared to Material different in John compared to SynopticsSynoptics

http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm

Main focus: Eternal LifeMain focus: Kingdom of GodRealized Eschatology (Present)Future Eschatology (Imminent)

Martha of Bethany, Mary Magdalene, and the "Beloved Disciple" are more prominent as "disciples"

Peter is the first and most prominent of the "apostles"

Love one another (focus within the community)

Love your neighbors; Love you enemies

Jesus opponents are usually called "the Jews" or "the world"

Opponents of Jesus include Sadducees, Herodians, etc.

Only a few "signs" but several long monologues and dialogues

Many miracles but few longer speeches

Last Supper is before the Passover (13:1; 18:28), and Jesus dies on the Preparation Day before Passover

Last Supper is the Passover Meal,and Jesus is crucified on the Day of Passover

JohnSynoptics

Outline of JohnOutline of John

Introduction / Prologue: 1.1-18 Book of Signs: 1.19-12.50 Book of Glory: 13.1-20.31 Conclusion: 20.30-31 Epilogue: 21.1-25

http://catholic-resources.org/John/Outlines-Gospel.htm

John 1.1John 1.1--1818

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John 1.1John 1.1--1818

Pre-existence of Christ Incarnation Two naturesdivine &

humanof Christ

To all who To all who received him, who received him, who believed in his name, believed in his name, he gave power to he gave power to become children of become children of God. God. (1.12)(1.12)

http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/eurptg/14pc_dipaolo.html

John 1.20John 1.20--5151Jesus and Jesus and

John the BaptistJohn the Baptist

.

Behold the Lamb of God who takes away

the sin of the world!

in Johnin John

http://catholic-resources.org/John/Themes-Jews.htm

The The JewsJews in Johnin John Specifically and only to the "Jewish leaders

and authorities," rather than to the people as a whole

Only or mainly to the people living in the geographical territory of Judea, that is, "the Judeans

To all members (or some or any in general) of the ethnic/religious group of people still called "Jews" today

SignsSigns in Johnin John 2:11, 18, 23; 3:2; 4:48, 54; 6:2, 14, 26, 30; 7:31; 9:16;

10:41; 11:47; 12:18, 37; 20:30 Cana: Jesus did this, the first of his signs Healing officials son: Now this was the second sign

that Jesus did 4:48 Then Jesus said to him, "Unless you see signs

and wonders you will not believe." (6.26) 20:30-31 Now Jesus did many other signs in the

presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book. But these are written so that you may come to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that through believing you may have life in his name.

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The Last Supper and Crucifixion in The Last Supper and Crucifixion in JohnJohn

For both Synoptics and John: Passover is on 15 Nisan On Thursday evening, Jesus had a last

supper with his disciples and later was arrested

On Friday, Jesus was tried and crucified and buried late that afternoon

On Saturday: Sabbath rest On Sunday morning, women/disciples

go to the tomb

http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Jesus_Death.htm

The Last Supper and Crucifixion in The Last Supper and Crucifixion in JohnJohn

The difference between Synoptics and John

15 Nisan is on Friday

>>

Last Supper is a Passover meal

Jesus crucified on Passover

15 Nisan is on Saturday

>>

Last supper is not a Passover meal

Jesus crucified on the Day of Preparation when Passover lambs were slaughtered

http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Jesus_Death.htm

Grunewald

John 3:30 John 3:30 He must increase, He must increase,

but I must decrease.but I must decrease.

Woman, here is your sonWoman, here is your son

Here is your mother.Here is your mother.I am thirsty.I am thirsty.

It is finished.It is finished. ResurrectionResurrection

Noli me tangere.

http://www.abcgallery.com/P/poussin/poussin88.JPG

John 20.24John 20.24--2929DoubtingDoubtingThomasThomas

http://www.c-vonaesch.ch/jean20site.jpg

"My Lord and my God!

"Have you believed because you have seen me? Blessed are those

who have not seen and yet have come to believe."

John 20.30John 20.30--3131

http://www.c-vonaesch.ch/jean20site.jpg

Now Jesus did many other signs in the

presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book. But these are written so that you may

come to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the

Son of God, and that through believing you

may have life in his name.

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John as a TwoJohn as a Two--Level StoryLevel Story

1. Story located in time of Jesus2. Story located in Johannine community

Jesus and John the Baptist

John 9 as an example of Johannine writing style

Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistJohn 1:19-21 This is the testimony given by John when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, "Who are you?" 20 He confessed and did not deny it, but confessed, "I am not the Messiah." 21And they asked him, "What then? Are you Elijah?" He said, "I am not." "Are you the prophet?" He answered, "No."

Mark 8:27-29Jesus asked his disciples,

"Who do people say that I am?" 28 And they answered him, "John the Baptist; and others,Elijah; and still others, one of the prophets." 29 He asked them, "But who do you say that I am?" Peter answered him, "You are theMessiah."

Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistJohn 1:29-34 The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him and declared, "Here is the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world! 30 This is he of whom I said, 'After me comes a man who ranks ahead of me because he was before me.' 31 I myself did not know him; but I came baptizing with water for this reason, that he might be revealed to Israel." 32 And John testified, "I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it remained on him. 33 I myself did not know him, but the one who sent me to baptize with water said to me, 'He on whom you see the Spirit descend and remain is the one who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.' 34 And I myself have seen and have testified that this is the Son of God."

Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistJohn 3:26-30 26 They came to John and said to him, "Rabbi, the one who was with you across the Jordan, to whom you testified, here he is baptizing, and all are going to him." 27John answered, "No one can receive anything except what has been given from heaven. 28 You yourselves are my witnesses that I said, 'I am not the Messiah, but I have been sent ahead of him.' 29 He who has the bride is the bridegroom. The friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices greatly at the bridegroom's voice. For this reason my joy has been fulfilled. 30 He must increase, but I must decrease."

Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistJohn 10:41-42 Many came to [Jesus], and they were saying, "John performed no sign, but everything that John said about this man was true." And many believed in him there.

Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistActs 18:24-26 Now there came to Ephesus a Jew named Apollos, a native of Alexandria. He was an eloquent man, well-versed in the scriptures. 25 He had been instructed in the Way of the Lord; and he spoke with burning enthusiasm and taught accurately the things concerning Jesus, though he knew only the baptism of John. 26 He began to speak boldly in the synagogue; but when Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they took him aside and explained the Way of God to him more accurately.

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Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistActs 19:1-6 While Apollos was in Corinth, Paul passed through the interior regions and came to Ephesus, where he found some disciples. 2 He said to them, "Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you became believers?" They replied, "No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit." 3 Then he said, "Into what then were you baptized?" They answered, "Into John's baptism." 4 Paul said, "John baptized with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in the one who was to come after him, that is, in Jesus." 5 On hearing this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. 6 When Paul had laid his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came upon them, and they spoke in tongues and prophesied.

John as a TwoJohn as a Two--Level StoryLevel Story

1. Story located in time of JesusThere was a relationship between John and Jesus that may have been somewhat competitive

2. Story located in Johannine communityThere are disciples of John the Baptist who are somewhat in competition to the disciples of Jesus