RRJoESAMay -August 2014

Research & Reviews Journal of

Embedded System & Applications

STM JOURNALSScientific Technical Medical

ISSN: 2321–8533

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(ISSN: 2321–8533)

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Dr. Bimlesh Lochab

Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance

Engineering Centre (ITMMEC)

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India

Prof. S. Ramaprabhu

Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory,

Department of Physics,

Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India

Dr. Rajiv Prakash

School of Materials Science and Technology,

Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University,

Varanasi, India

Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Assistant Professor, Department of

Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra,

Patna, India

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Gargi Asha Jha

Nupur Anand

Priyanka Aswal

Sona Chahal

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Ashish RunthalaLecturer, Biological Sciences Group,

Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Rajasthan, India.

Dr. Baldev Raj

Former Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India.

Chairman, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, India.

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of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy, India.

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Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology,

Rourkela, India.

Prof. D. N. Rao Professor, Department of Biochemistry,

AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Prof. Jugal KishoreProfessor, Department of Community

Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

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Pune, India.

Dr. Hardev Singh VirkProfessor Emeritus, Eternal

University, Baru Sahib, India.

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Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.

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Dr. Priyavrat TharejaHead, Materials and Metallurgical

Engineering Department, PEC University of Technology,

Chandigarh, India.

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

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Dr. Aniruddha BhattacharjyaAssistant Professor, CSE Department,

Amrita School of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Dr. Anand JattiAssociate Professor, Dept. of

Instrumentation Technology, R.V. College of Engineering Bangalore, India.

Dr. Narendra KohliAssociate Professor and Ex. Head

Computer Science and Engineering Department Harcourt Butler Technological

Institute Nawab Gang, Kanpur, India.

Dr. M ManimaranHead, Department Reactor Operation and

Maintenance, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India.

Prof. Raj KamalFormer Vice Chancellor and Professor,

Devi Ahilya University, Indore, M.P., India.

Prof. S. A. HariprasadProfessor, ECE Department, B.M.S.I.T,

Bangalore, India.

Mrs Tripty SinghAssistant Professor, Amrita School of Engineering, Computer Science and

Engineering, Amritanagar, Tamilnadu, India.

Dr. T C ThanujaAssociate Professor,

Department of Telecommunication Engg. R V College of Engineering, Bangalore,

India.

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the Volume 2 Issue (2) of Research &

Reviews: Journal of Embedded System & Applications (RRJoESA). The intension of RRJoESA is

to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Embedded

System & Applications.

The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by

eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoESA provides an outlet for Research findings

and reviews in areas of Embedded System & Applications. found to be relevant for National and

International recent developments & research initiative.

The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for

the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and

research in the domain of Embedded System & Applications.

Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for

their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring write-

ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With

regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality

Research/Reviesw findings for our customers base.

I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra

Director

STM Journals

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

1. Energy Efficient LED Driver using PIC Prashant V. Thokal , V. A. Deodhar Kulkarni, S. S. Pawar 1

2. Application of Image Denoising through Comorbid Pixel Regularization Algorithm based on Neuro-Fuzzy Rule Abha Choubey, G. R. Sinha, Ankush Rai 7

3. An Overview of Computerized Toll MechanismSheikh T., Hemrajani N., Bagaria G., Lalit Jangir 12

ContentsResearch & Reviews: Journal of Embedded System & Applications

RRJoESA (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications ISSN: 2321-8533 (online)

Volume 2, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Energy Efficient LED Driver using PIC

Prashant V. Thokal *, V. A. Deodhar Kulkarni, S. S. Pawar Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Abstract The tremendous growth of LED lighting in offline applications, such as office lighting,

public buildings, and street lighting is increasing, and that increase is predicted to continue for the future years. In these applications, LEDs replace linear or high-power

CFL fluorescent lamps, high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps such as metal halide and high-pressure sodium, as well as mercury vapor lamps which consume more power than

LEDs lamp. These applications require an LED driver. In this paper we propose a method

which describes an intelligent control circuitry to drive a string of LEDs with current regulation and pulse modulation (PWM)-based dimming technique using PIC

microcontroller.

Keywords: LED, PWM, PIC microcontroller

RRJoESA (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications ISSN: 2321-8533 (online)

Volume 2, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Application of Image Denoising through Comorbid Pixel

Regularization Algorithm based on Neuro-Fuzzy Rule

Abha Choubey1, G. R. Sinha

2, Ankush Rai

3* 1,2

Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institution Junwani, Bhilai, Distt. Durg, Chattisgarh-490 020, India 3CRIAD Laboratories, Bhilai, Distt. Durg, Chattisgarh-490 020, India

Abstract This study presents a novel approach of image denoising for medical images. Since, for medical diagnosis, action of object extraction plays a vital role but such jobs are limited

with the visual observation and there is no denying from the fact that the medical images

are subjected to noise which makes it difficult for the medical practitioner to extract features from such noisy images. Therefore, for accurate decisions it is required that such

images should be free from noise. But coming up with a denoising algorithm is pretty

strainful, since fine details in relevance with the diagnostic information should not be destroyed during the process of noise removal. Hence, in the study we addressed the

solution of this problem with the novel technique to the visual quality of medical images.

Keywords: Fuzzy-neural logic, denoising image, medical application

RRJoESA (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications ISSN: 2321-8533 (online)

Volume 2, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

An Overview of Computerized Toll Mechanism

Sheikh T.1*, Hemrajani N.

2, Bagaria G.

3, Lalit Jangir

4

1Department of Information technology, Suresh Gyan Vihar University,

Jaipur, India

2Department of Computer Science, JECRC University,

Jaipur, India

3Department of Computer Science, Vivekananda Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India

4Department of Computer Science, Vivekananda Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India

Abstract A Computerized Toll Mechanized is utilized for toll gathering without making movement

blockage and holding up in long line with help of radio-frequency identification (RFID) strategy. Likewise, by utilizing this system, it will spare time, i.e. by staying away from

long line as no need to stop the vehicle and no need of manual transaction. Most critical

that, the stolen vehicle will have the capacity to get effortlessly with help of RFID method

and nail gathering. The current system for gathering toll is on the premise of manual

transaction. In this every vehicle need to stop at the toll square for instalment and there

could be an issue of definite transaction. It reasons movement blockage, increase pollution and squandering time of individuals. In Mechanized Toll System no compelling

reason to stop vehicle at toll court, it will recognize the RFID label, which is mounted on vehicle. In the wake of recognizing RFID tag, the database on the executives screen will

show up and the offset from the client's record will get deducted. So there will not be any

issue as said above. A RFID tag is introduced on every vehicle with read/compose memory. An onlooker gadget peruses this information when close to toll system from the

vehicle and contrasts it and the information in the workstation database, if ID is in defaulter i.e. objection is in police headquarters about lost or something for security

reason nail get up with the goal that it will not equipped to go outside and it will get

consequently got then permits the right to gain entrance as needs be by opening the door. Anyway, ID is not in the defaulter rundown, toll Accumulation is brought and nails goes

down and door get open .The whole system is produced as an installed system utilizing

microcontroller and related gadgets. The system is joined with a PC utilizing the RS232C

interface within the implanted system. This permits the system to peruse and compose

information from/to a database that is from the record.

Keywords: Workstation, accumulation, mechanized