research on sustainable intensification in the cgiar research programs
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Research on Sustainable Intensification in the
CGIAR Research Programs
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Sustainable Intensification
• Food, energy, water and material resources are being driven towards critical thresholds
• Key factors: – continued population growth – changing consumption patterns – impacts of climate change and environmental degradation
• Sustainable intensification– Increased productivity– Reduced negative impact on the environment– Increased contribution to natural capital & environmental services– Approaches should consider the trade-offs, local complexities; &
the social, economic and political perspectives
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Sustainable Intensification
Conceptual Frameworks:• Benchmark area approach• Integrated Natural Resources Management (INRM)
approach• Agro-ecological Intensification (AEI)
Ref: CN on SI of maize-legume-livestock integrated farming systems in ESA
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Sustainable Intensification
Examples:• 40 cases of projects in 20 countries in AfricaCommissioned by the UK Gov’t Office of Science Foresight project on Global
Food and Farming Futures [Ref: Pretty, Toulmin, & Williams (Eds.). Sustainable intensification: increasing productivity in African food and agricultural systems. Int. J. Agric. Sustainability 9 (1) 2011]
• Lessons– Science and farmer inputs into technologies & practices– Novel social infrastructure that builds trust– Improvement of farmer knowledge and capacity– Engagement with the private sector for goods and services– Focus on women’s educational, microfinance, & ag. tech. needs– Ensuring availability of microfinance and rural banking– Ensuring public sector support for agriculture
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CGIAR Vision and System Level Outcomes
Vision: • To reduce poverty and hunger, improve human health
and nutrition, and enhance ecosystem resilience through high-quality international agricultural research, partnership and leadership
Outcomes:• reducing rural poverty• improving food security• improving nutrition and health• sustainable management of natural resources
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CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs)• The change process will see the operations of the
CGIAR implemented through a number Research Programs (CRPs).
• The CRPs are the main mechanism by which the CGIAR will achieve the greater alignment of research outputs with the four System Level Outcomes
• These are aimed to better coordinate R4D efforts, enhance efficiencies, and encourage cooperation and collaboration with a focus on effective partnerships to achieve more development impacts.
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CGIAR Research ProgramsCode Title Lead Center
1.1 Integrated production systems in dry areas ICARDA
1.2 Integrated systems for the humid tropics IITA
1.3 Aquatic agricultural systems WorldFish
2 Policies, institutions and markets IFPRI
3.1 Wheat CIMMYT
3.2 Maize CIMMYT
3.3 GRiSP – A global rice science partnership IRRI
3.4 Roots, tubers and bananas CIP
3.5 Grain legumes ICRISAT
3.6 Dryland cereals ICRISAT
3.7 Meat, milk and fish ILRI
4 Agriculture for nutrition and health IFPRI
5 Water, land and ecosystems IWMI
6 Forests, trees and agroforestry CIFOR
7 Climate change, agriculture, food security CIAT
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CGIAR System on-going Reforms
Food security, Poverty, Natural Resources, Under-nutrition
Impact by 2025 Impact by 2025
Increase yield 60%Increase yield 60%
Sustain annual growth 0.5 % Sustain annual growth 0.5 %
RReduce poverty 15 %educe poverty 15 %
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Production systems
CRP 1.2 Humidtropics Domain
Markets NRM integrity
CRP 1.1
Dryland
systems
CRP 1.3
Aquatic
systems
CRP 3: Sustainable Production
Systems
Grain legumes
Roots, Tubers, & Bananas
Assessment of new crop varieties, best management technologies & livestock integration
value addition
Integrated Soil Fertility
Management
forest margins
carbon dynamics
policy support
Livestock
WetDry Rainfall Gradient
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Humidtropics: Integrated Systems for the Humid Tropics
The first of the four specific objectives is to:
Develop an integrated research program on sustainable intensification of rainfed smallholder farming systems in the humid and sub-humid tropics.
The program structure is built around the ff. complementary Strategic Themes:
• Systems Analysis and Synthesis • Integrated Systems Improvement• Scaling and Institutional Innovations
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Humidtropics Program Structure
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Western humid lowlands
Central humid lowlands
Western moistsavannas
Southern humid
lowlands
Southern moist
savannas
East and Central highlands
Southern moist savannas
Major farming systems (% of the land area by Dixon classification):
Cereal-root crop mixed (35%);Root crop (26%); Maize mixed (22%)
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Humidtropics 6-step Model: Translating Research to Impact
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CRP 1.2 Targets
15-year targets in the Action Areas:
•Increase staple food yields by 60%
•Increase average farm income by 50%
•Lift 25% of poor households above the poverty line
•Reduce the number of malnourished children by 30%
•Nutrient depletion on 40% of farms reversed to sustainable
nutrient flow
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CRP 1.1: Dryland SystemsIntegrated Agricultural Production Systems for
the Poor and Vulnerable in Dry Areas
Target Systems• Areas/systems with the deepest endemic poverty and
most vulnerable populations often associated with severe natural resource degradation and extreme environmental variability.
• Systems with the greatest potential for impact on poverty in the short to medium term
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CRP 1.1 Strategic Research Themes
• SRT 1: Approaches and models for strengthening innovation systems, building stakeholder innovation capacity, and linking knowledge to policy action
• SRT 2: Reducing vulnerability and managing risk, leading to resilient dryland agro-ecosystems with less vulnerable and improved livelihoods of rural communities
• SRT 3: Sustainable intensification for more productive, profitable and diversified dryland agriculture with well-established linkages to markets
• SRT 4: Measuring impact and cross-regional synthesis
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SRT1. Better functioning innovation systems
1.1 Innovation
models
1.3 Policy
1.2 Partners
SRT4. Targeting, characterization & impact
4.1 Future scenarios 4.3 Measuring impact
4.2 Characterization and prioritization
SRT2. Reduced vulnerability
& risk
SRT3. Sustainable intensification
2.1 Design2.2 Scaling out2.3 Trade-offs
3.1 Design3.2 Scaling out3.3 Trade-offs
Overview of CRP1.1 Strategic Research Themes (SRTs) & their Outputs
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CRP 1.1 Benchmark Areas focusing on reducing vulnerability (SRT2 type) or on sustainable intensification (SRT3 type). Circles/ovals indicate the 5 target regions
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CRP 1.1 Action, Satellite and Knowledge Sharing (KSS) Sites in East and Southern Africa