research on sustainable intensification in the cgiar research programs
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Research on Sustainable Intensification in the
CGIAR Research Programs
Sustainable Intensification
• Food, energy, water and material resources are being driven towards critical thresholds
• Key factors: – continued population growth – changing consumption patterns – impacts of climate change and environmental degradation
• Sustainable intensification– Increased productivity– Reduced negative impact on the environment– Increased contribution to natural capital & environmental services– Approaches should consider the trade-offs, local complexities; &
the social, economic and political perspectives
Sustainable Intensification
Conceptual Frameworks:• Benchmark area approach• Integrated Natural Resources Management (INRM)
approach• Agro-ecological Intensification (AEI)
Ref: CN on SI of maize-legume-livestock integrated farming systems in ESA
Sustainable Intensification
Examples:• 40 cases of projects in 20 countries in AfricaCommissioned by the UK Gov’t Office of Science Foresight project on Global
Food and Farming Futures [Ref: Pretty, Toulmin, & Williams (Eds.). Sustainable intensification: increasing productivity in African food and agricultural systems. Int. J. Agric. Sustainability 9 (1) 2011]
• Lessons– Science and farmer inputs into technologies & practices– Novel social infrastructure that builds trust– Improvement of farmer knowledge and capacity– Engagement with the private sector for goods and services– Focus on women’s educational, microfinance, & ag. tech. needs– Ensuring availability of microfinance and rural banking– Ensuring public sector support for agriculture
CGIAR Vision and System Level Outcomes
Vision: • To reduce poverty and hunger, improve human health
and nutrition, and enhance ecosystem resilience through high-quality international agricultural research, partnership and leadership
Outcomes:• reducing rural poverty• improving food security• improving nutrition and health• sustainable management of natural resources
CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs)• The change process will see the operations of the
CGIAR implemented through a number Research Programs (CRPs).
• The CRPs are the main mechanism by which the CGIAR will achieve the greater alignment of research outputs with the four System Level Outcomes
• These are aimed to better coordinate R4D efforts, enhance efficiencies, and encourage cooperation and collaboration with a focus on effective partnerships to achieve more development impacts.
CGIAR Research ProgramsCode Title Lead Center
1.1 Integrated production systems in dry areas ICARDA
1.2 Integrated systems for the humid tropics IITA
1.3 Aquatic agricultural systems WorldFish
2 Policies, institutions and markets IFPRI
3.1 Wheat CIMMYT
3.2 Maize CIMMYT
3.3 GRiSP – A global rice science partnership IRRI
3.4 Roots, tubers and bananas CIP
3.5 Grain legumes ICRISAT
3.6 Dryland cereals ICRISAT
3.7 Meat, milk and fish ILRI
4 Agriculture for nutrition and health IFPRI
5 Water, land and ecosystems IWMI
6 Forests, trees and agroforestry CIFOR
7 Climate change, agriculture, food security CIAT
CGIAR System on-going Reforms
Food security, Poverty, Natural Resources, Under-nutrition
Impact by 2025 Impact by 2025
Increase yield 60%Increase yield 60%
Sustain annual growth 0.5 % Sustain annual growth 0.5 %
RReduce poverty 15 %educe poverty 15 %
Production systems
CRP 1.2 Humidtropics Domain
Markets NRM integrity
CRP 1.1
Dryland
systems
CRP 1.3
Aquatic
systems
CRP 3: Sustainable Production
Systems
Grain legumes
Roots, Tubers, & Bananas
Assessment of new crop varieties, best management technologies & livestock integration
value addition
Integrated Soil Fertility
Management
forest margins
carbon dynamics
policy support
Livestock
WetDry Rainfall Gradient
Humidtropics: Integrated Systems for the Humid Tropics
The first of the four specific objectives is to:
Develop an integrated research program on sustainable intensification of rainfed smallholder farming systems in the humid and sub-humid tropics.
The program structure is built around the ff. complementary Strategic Themes:
• Systems Analysis and Synthesis • Integrated Systems Improvement• Scaling and Institutional Innovations
Humidtropics Program Structure
Western humid lowlands
Central humid lowlands
Western moistsavannas
Southern humid
lowlands
Southern moist
savannas
East and Central highlands
Southern moist savannas
Major farming systems (% of the land area by Dixon classification):
Cereal-root crop mixed (35%);Root crop (26%); Maize mixed (22%)
Humidtropics 6-step Model: Translating Research to Impact
CRP 1.2 Targets
15-year targets in the Action Areas:
•Increase staple food yields by 60%
•Increase average farm income by 50%
•Lift 25% of poor households above the poverty line
•Reduce the number of malnourished children by 30%
•Nutrient depletion on 40% of farms reversed to sustainable
nutrient flow
CRP 1.1: Dryland SystemsIntegrated Agricultural Production Systems for
the Poor and Vulnerable in Dry Areas
Target Systems• Areas/systems with the deepest endemic poverty and
most vulnerable populations often associated with severe natural resource degradation and extreme environmental variability.
• Systems with the greatest potential for impact on poverty in the short to medium term
CRP 1.1 Strategic Research Themes
• SRT 1: Approaches and models for strengthening innovation systems, building stakeholder innovation capacity, and linking knowledge to policy action
• SRT 2: Reducing vulnerability and managing risk, leading to resilient dryland agro-ecosystems with less vulnerable and improved livelihoods of rural communities
• SRT 3: Sustainable intensification for more productive, profitable and diversified dryland agriculture with well-established linkages to markets
• SRT 4: Measuring impact and cross-regional synthesis
SRT1. Better functioning innovation systems
1.1 Innovation
models
1.3 Policy
1.2 Partners
SRT4. Targeting, characterization & impact
4.1 Future scenarios 4.3 Measuring impact
4.2 Characterization and prioritization
SRT2. Reduced vulnerability
& risk
SRT3. Sustainable intensification
2.1 Design2.2 Scaling out2.3 Trade-offs
3.1 Design3.2 Scaling out3.3 Trade-offs
Overview of CRP1.1 Strategic Research Themes (SRTs) & their Outputs
CRP 1.1 Benchmark Areas focusing on reducing vulnerability (SRT2 type) or on sustainable intensification (SRT3 type). Circles/ovals indicate the 5 target regions
CRP 1.1 Action, Satellite and Knowledge Sharing (KSS) Sites in East and Southern Africa