request for information - constant...

15
Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence Page 1 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016 Request for Information (RFI) Contact Person: Bryan Belanger Email: [email protected] Send questions and responses to: [email protected] Description: Autism Center of Excellence Information Due: Friday 12/2/2016 3:00 p.m. Arizona Time PLEASE FORWARD QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE REQUEST FOR INFORMATION (RFI) TO [email protected], VIA E-MAIL ON OR BEFORE WEDNESDAY 11/9/2016, 3:00 PM ARIZONA TIME. TELEPHONIC QUESTIONS WILL NOT BE ANSWERED. Responses to the RFI must be submitted to the contact listed above, on or prior to the date and location indicated above. Late responses will not be considered. Instructions for preparing a response are included in this request. In-person presentations, site visits or readiness review will be scheduled as needed for additional information gathering if necessary. RESPONDENTS ARE STRONGLY ENCOURAGED TO CAREFULLY READ THE ENTIRE RFI SUBMISSION OF A RESPONSE TO THIS RFI DOES NOT GUARANTEE AN OFFER OF CONTRACT.

Upload: truongphuc

Post on 11-Apr-2018

217 views

Category:

Documents


3 download

TRANSCRIPT

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 1 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Request for Information (RFI) Contact Person:

Bryan Belanger Email: [email protected]

Send questions and responses to: [email protected]

Description: Autism Center of Excellence

Information Due: Friday 12/2/2016 3:00 p.m. Arizona Time

PLEASE FORWARD QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE REQUEST FOR INFORMATION (RFI) TO

[email protected], VIA E-MAIL ON OR BEFORE WEDNESDAY 11/9/2016, 3:00 PM ARIZONA

TIME. TELEPHONIC QUESTIONS WILL NOT BE ANSWERED.

Responses to the RFI must be submitted to the contact listed above, on or prior to the date and

location indicated above. Late responses will not be considered.

Instructions for preparing a response are included in this request. In-person presentations, site

visits or readiness review will be scheduled as needed for additional information gathering if

necessary.

RESPONDENTS ARE STRONGLY ENCOURAGED TO CAREFULLY READ THE ENTIRE RFI

SUBMISSION OF A RESPONSE TO THIS RFI DOES NOT GUARANTEE AN OFFER OF CONTRACT.

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 2 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Contents Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

Purpose ......................................................................................................................................................... 3

Program Description .................................................................................................................................... 3

Collaboration............................................................................................................................................. 4

Functional Outcomes ................................................................................................................................ 5

Accessible Services .................................................................................................................................... 6

Best Practices ............................................................................................................................................ 6

Appropriate Setting ................................................................................................................................... 7

Timeliness ................................................................................................................................................. 7

Services Tailored to the Member and Family ........................................................................................... 7

Stability ..................................................................................................................................................... 8

Respect for the Member and Family’s Unique Cultural Heritage ............................................................. 8

Independence ........................................................................................................................................... 8

Connection to Natural Supports ............................................................................................................... 8

How to Respond ........................................................................................................................................... 9

Information Request .................................................................................................................................... 9

1.0 Organization & Intent ......................................................................................................................... 9

2.0 Capacity ............................................................................................................................................... 9

3.0 Program Design ................................................................................................................................... 9

4.0 Quality Management and Training ................................................................................................... 10

5.0 Reporting........................................................................................................................................... 10

6.0 Staffing and Supervision ................................................................................................................... 10

7.0 Staff Retention .................................................................................................................................. 11

8.0 Implementation Plan ........................................................................................................................ 11

9.0 Budget ............................................................................................................................................... 11

Reference Documents ................................................................................................................................ 13

Request For Information Cover Page......................................................................................................... 13

End Notes .................................................................................................................................................... 13

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 3 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 4 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Overview Mercy Maricopa Integrated Care (Mercy Maricopa) and Mercy Care Plan (MCP) are looking for innovative

ideas and programs to develop the Autism Center of Excellence and enhance whole-health outcomes for

this population. We are seeking service providers who encompass and incorporate the Arizona Vision, the

Arizona Twelve Principles, Guiding Principles for Recovery-Oriented Adult Behavioral Health Services and

Systems, Patient Centered Medical Home principles, and best practices for Autism Spectrum Disorder

according to the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Child and Adolescent

Psychiatry. The agencies selected to provide this program will continue to be on the forefront with Mercy

Maricopa and MCP in ensuring fully integrated care for members and families. The expectation is that

participating providers will efficiently and effectively manage the coordination of services across systems

through member and family team facilitation, as well as other services necessary to support and empower

families to thrive in their community. The Autism Center of Excellence will serve as a role model in

collaboration with the entire team promoting member and family voice and choice.

Program Description The Autism Center of Excellence will be a hub of knowledge and technical assistance within our system

and will facilitate the advanced coordination of high quality services to drive holistic outcomes. This will

be achieved through our framework for multi-system collaboration (Figure 1.0) that is grounded in the

Arizona Vision, the Arizona Twelve Principles, and the Guiding Principles for Recovery-Oriented Adult

Behavioral Health Services and Systems, and emphasizes the role of the member and their family in the

driver seat of their care. Our approach is to support families to not only advocate for the member’s care,

but teach them skills to help them actively participate in the member’s success.

Services will be guided by a multi-disciplinary, comprehensive assessment that considers the various

environments in which members live, including the school environment where they spend a majority of

their time during the week. Drawn from this assessment, service planning will be developed based on

evidence-based practices and will include strategies for families and natural supports to learn skills and

participate in the member’s care. Those skills will include non-verbal communication, sensory-sensitivity

and in-home behavior management. The Autism Center of Excellence will take a specialized approach that

focuses on developmental milestones and functional skills development with keen attention to providing

consistency and stability across systems through advanced coordination of care.

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 5 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Figure 1.0 Autism Center of Excellence Framework for Multi-System Collaboration

Service Expectations

In accordance with the Arizona Vision, the Arizona Twelve Principles, and the Guiding Principles for

Recovery-Oriented Adult Behavioral Health Services and Systems, the Autism Center of Excellence will

maintain, at a minimum, the following expectations.

Collaboration The Autism Center of Excellence will coordinate care across all providers and systems involved with the

member and family. The Center of Excellence will:

Promote the member and family as the leaders of their care to other systems and team members

Serve as the ‘hub’ of the member’s care, facilitating advanced coordination with all ‘spokes’

supporting the member and family

Work with the member and family to actively participate in the assessment process and determine

who will be involved in service planning, the Child and Family Team (CFT), or the Adult Recovery Team

(ART)

Behavioral Health

•EBPs

•Transition to adulthood

•Inpatient

•Crisis Services

•Outpatient Services

Physical Health and Rehabilitation Services

•Dental/ Vision/ Hearing

•Preventive Care

•Specialists

•Home Health

•Inpatient

•Speech Therapy

•Occupational/Physical Therapy

Community Connections

•Family Support

•Peer Support

•Meaningful Day Activities

•Health Promotion

•Employment/Vocational Training

Stakeholders

•Department of Education

•Arizona Long Term Care System (ALTCS)

•Division of Developmental Disabilities

•Department of Child Safety

•DCS Specialist

•Foster care agency

•Therapeutic/foster care parent

•Department of Economic Security

Member

& Family

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 6 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Include at all times Department of Education (ADE), Division of Developmental Disabilities (DDD),

Arizona Department of Juvenile Corrections (ADJC), Juvenile Justice, Arizona Department of

Corrections (ADOC), Adult Probation, Department of Child Safety (DCS) and other related system

partners in the planning and service coordination for members and families

Maintain appropriate documentation, coordination and communication with all integrated health

partners and assigned primary care physicians

Engage families and multi-system/inter-disciplinary service providers into the CFT or ART process

Serve as a role model for the implementation of the CFT or ART process, performance in a team

approach and supporting member and family voice and choice

Support and work with behavioral health professionals who are credentialed to complete the core

assessment, develop and implement crisis and general service plans as appropriate

Schedule and ensure services are delivered within all required timeframes

Participate, and when appropriate, lead the CFT /ART in the continuing assessment process

throughout the course of services

Seek out and actively participate in the Exceptional Student Services process (as invited) to provide

consistency and fluency in clinical treatment provided in clinical treatment and services provided in

the classroom through the Department of Education. At a minimum:

o Know the individual’s eligibility categories for exceptional student services (and request initial

eligibility determination/re-evaluation as appropriate)

o Coordinate care with the member’s school-based multi-disciplinary evaluation team and

individualized education plan team

Ensure services are planned and delivered in accordance with practice protocols

Address all domains of the Autism Center of Excellence Framework in the service plan and coordinate

services with appropriate system(s)

Advocate and ensure that those with Autism are enrolled in supports and services in other systems

according to their eligibility

Provide consultation and technical assistance to members of the individual’s team regarding Autism

Spectrum Disorders and evidence-based practices

Functional Outcomes The Autism Center of Excellence will:

Be responsible for tracking and reporting the member’s and family’s progress on goals outlined by the

CFT/ ART in the service plan

Monitor functional outcomes as a part of the CFT/ART in the manner and frequency as required by

the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System (AHCCCS), Mercy Maricopa, and MCP

Accessible Services The Autism Center of Excellence and their families will:

Provide information about available services to the member, family and the CFT/ART to aid in the

identification of the most appropriate services, including the use of specialty providers if clinically

indicated

Teach members and families to self-advocate for supports and services from other systems and

provide assistance to navigate those systems

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 7 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Best Practices The Autism Center of Excellence will make sure that:

All clinical staff are trained on, and show competency related to:

o The Arizona 12 Principles

o The Guiding Principles for Recovery-Oriented Adult Behavioral Health Services and Systems

o CFT Facilitation training

o Adult Recovery Teams

o AHCCCS EPSDT standards

o Autism Spectrum Disorders

In order to ensure collaboration between all team members, all clinical staff are trained on, and show

basic understanding related to:

o Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) techniques of data collection, contingency management

and positive reinforcement

o Antecedent management strategies of Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related

Communication Handicapped Children (TEACCH) i that includes use of visual supports for

communication and environmental structure

o Speech therapy intervention procedures to teach functional communication skills

o Occupational therapy intervention procedures to facilitate self-regulation

o Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)

o Other nationally recognized best practices

The holistic treatment plan for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder will be driven by a panel of

assessments including at a minimum: the comprehensive assessment, CASII, and EPSDT assessments.

The treatment plan is to also include screening and diagnostic tools specific to Autism Spectrum

Disorder such as:

o Ages and States Questionnaire (ASQ)ii o Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales (CSBS)iii o Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS)iv o Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-Up (MCHAT R/F)v o Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children (STAT)vi o Autism Diagnosis Interview – Revised ADI-Rvii o Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – Genericviii o Gilliam Autism Rating Scale 2nd Edition (GARS-2)ix o DSM-5 Criteria o Additional tools recognized by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)x

Individuals are screened for Autism Spectrum Disorder, as appropriate, and in response to referrals

All assessments for a diagnosis of autism will be completed by provider types that are accepted by the

Division of Developmental Disabilities to facilitate eligibility

(https://des.az.gov/sites/default/files/Eligibiilty-Manual-chapter-200.pdf).

Clinical services are driven by the member and family and take a holistic approach to supporting

success in the home, in school and in the community. Treatment should consider the following life

domains and service types:

Table 1.0 Autism Center of Excellence Life Domains and Service Types

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 8 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Inter-personal relationships Speech/communication Family system Sensory integration Behavior management Occupational abilities Personal care Vision Hearing Dental Psychiatric assessment and

treatment Academic success

Employment Housing Nursing care Post-secondary education Home-health Psychiatric crisis Diet and nutrition Medical Assessment Screening for co-morbidities

Complementary and alternative supports

Physical Activity

Technology/app-based supports

Appropriate Setting The Autism Center of Excellence will:

Work with members and families to ensure that they decide when and where services are delivered,

and participate in CFT/ART meetings

Follow the guidelines outlined in the DBHS Practice Protocol, Out of Home Services if a member is in

an out of home setting

Accommodate other system partners to ensure they are able to participate

Timeliness The Autism Center of Excellence will:

Work with the CFT or ART to complete the appropriate assessment addendums, Strengths and

Cultural Discovery and Service Plans meeting all timeliness requirements as dictated by AHCCCS

and the Mercy Maricopa and MCP Provider Manuals

Complete progress notes for every contact as required and within the timeframe as required by

AHCCCS, Mercy Maricopa, MCP, and service providers

Be responsible to ensure all the CFT/ART members, including formal and informal supports, have

the most current information and appropriate documentation in a timely manner

Complete EPSDT screenings according to AHCCCS-required timelines

Services Tailored to the Member and Family The Autism Center of Excellence will:

Ensure that staff and associated providers maintain work schedules that are sufficiently flexible to

meet the needs of the families and other system partners, including having evening and weekend

availability

Consider the sensory needs of the member and ensure services and team meetings are

responsive to the member and family’s preferences

Stability The Autism Center of Excellence will:

Ensure, by working with the CFT/ART, that crisis and safety plans are completed and up to date as

needed

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 9 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Service plans should address periods when school is not in session (fall/winter/spring/summer

break, holidays etc.), or when the member’s routine may be disrupted

Respect for the Member and Family’s Unique Cultural Heritage The Autism Center of Excellence will:

Participate with the CFT/ART in the continued identification of the member’s and family’s

strengths and assure that the Strength, Needs and Cultural Discovery is completed with input and

approval by the family

Work with the member, family and CFT/ART to assess and prioritize underlying needs

Independence The Autism Center of Excellence will:

Plan for transitions initiated by the CFT/ART to occur in a collaborative manner between the

member, family, service agency and any other involved parties

Work with Transition Age Youth towards seamless transition to adulthood & coordinate transition

with Department of Education transition services

Connection to Natural Supports The Autism Center of Excellence will:

Work within the CFT/ART, members, and families to look within their community and explore how

their community can be incorporated into the member’s and family’s support system

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 10 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

How to Respond Submit a complete response using the “Cover Page” format on the last page of this document. The entire

response must be submitted to the RFI Contact listed on page 1 of this document via email and in PDF.

Information Request Provide a detailed written response to the categories below, no more than 20 pages written narrative and

50 pages in total including any attachments, excluding the Cover Page.

Respondents must respond to all questions to be considered.

1.0 Organization & Intent Identify the specific services your organization intends to deliver. Provide your agency’s philosophy,

mission statement, background, address & location of service provision sites, along with any information

to indicate how the physical location will support the service delivery needs. Include any providers you

plan to partner with to deliver the full continuum of services and describe those partnerships.

2.0 Capacity Describe how your program will be designed to meet the capacity and referral acceptance requirements

outlined in this RFI, to include but not limited to:

Current capacity and ability to increase capacity for the full array of services necessary to serve

members with Autism Spectrum Disorders, including speech therapy, occupational therapy, ABA,

and healthcare providers with the skill and experience to assess for ASD including those within the

specified provider types required by the department of developmental disabilities

Detail regarding knowledge and expertise related to members with ASD and how you will

facilitate/provide technical assistance to other system stakeholders/members of the CFT/ART

3.0 Program Design Describe how your program will be designed to meet the service expectations outlined in this RFI, to

include but not limited to:

Describe how your organization will manage and respond to referrals; include timeframes

Detail regarding coordination with the parties included in the Autism Center of Excellence

Framework (Figure 1.0), including how health information technology may be used to support this

coordination

Describe how you will coordinate care with other providers to ensure the member and family

have access to a full continuum of services; include how information will be shared and the

process for developing a single treatment plan

Availability, crisis coverage and hours of operation

Describe how you will ensure that each member receives a comprehensive assessment, including

a Functional Behavior Assessment as well as other assessments (developmental), as appropriate;

include the staff that will complete the assessments and their training and timeframes for

completion. Describe how the assessments will be shared with the CFT and other providers

Autism Center of Excellence Care Coordinator Job Description

Autism Center of Excellence Team Lead Description

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 11 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Ability to provide services and address life domains included in Table 1.0. including:

Table 1.0 Autism Center of Excellence Life Domains and Service Types

Inter-personal relationships Speech/communication Family system Sensory integration Behavior management Occupational abilities Personal care Vision Hearing Dental Psychiatric assessment and

treatment Academic success

Employment Housing Nursing care Post-secondary education Home-health Psychiatric crisis Diet and nutrition Medical Assessment Screening for co-morbidities

Complementary and alternative supports

Physical Activity

Technology/app-based supports

4.0 Quality Management and Training Describe how your agency will address and support the QM requirements related to this program, to

include but not limited to:

Processes for monitoring staff and provider adherence to evidence-based practices

Staff and provider orientation and advanced level training and curriculum requirements

Ongoing continuing education and coaching

Systems for communicating performance and quality measures throughout your organization and

any other partner organizations

Specific outcomes and data that will be tracked, and the frequency of reporting and analysis

Peer review process for all medical providers

5.0 Reporting Describe how your agency will address and support the reporting requirements related to this program,

as well as current AHCCCS and Mercy Maricopa Provider Manual identified deliverables, to include but

not limited to:

Functional outcomes by member and service

Service utilization

Length of stay data

Caseload size and ratio

6.0 Staffing and Supervision Describe how your agency will address and support the staffing and supervision related to the service

expectations for this program, to include but not limited to:

Technical knowledge and expertise to support members and families with ASD, including clinical

knowledge of the disorders and system knowledge of the services and supports available to

member and families

Plan to maintain appropriate caseloads

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 12 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Additional clinical expertise resources, internal or external, to be available as needed to consult

and support the Autism Center of Excellence regarding exceptionally complex cases or at risk for

out of home (i.e. Behavioral Health Medical Practitioner (BMHP), specialty provider, personal care

services, home-nursing care etc.)

7.0 Staff Retention Describe how your agency will ensure the Autism Center of Excellence FTE status will not fall below a 5%

employment rate and will be staffed with individuals appropriately trained to work with this population.

8.0 Implementation Plan Please provide as an attachment an implementation plan should you be selected to provide the Autism

Center of Excellence. We will ideally have contracts completed by Q2 2017. The plan must include detail

regarding the time that your agency proposes from program start up through full implementation.

Assuring all staffing, training and capacity in place at full implementation go live date, to include but not

limited to:

Tasks, responsible party and dates necessary to implement this service

9.0 Budget Please provide, as an attachment, a budget to include operational costs, administrative costs, salaries,

technology, capital costs and any other costs related to being selected to build and provide the Autism

Center of Excellence services.

Conclusion This RFI is intended only as a formal means for providers to supply information related to their ability to

provide this program if selected. Submission of a response to this RFI does NOT a guarantee of an offer

of contract.

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 13 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Reference Documents

Mercy Maricopa and MCP Provider Manuals

https://www.mercymaricopa.org/providers/resources/manual

https://www.mercycareplan.com/assets/pdf/MCP%20Provider%20Documents/Mercy-Care-Plan-

MCP-Provider-Manual-July-2016-Final.pdf

Collaborative Protocol Maricopa County Juvenile Probation Department

http://www.mercymaricopa.org/assets/pdf/providers/forms/new-provider-manual-forms-and-

attachments/Collaborative_Protocol_Maricopa_Juvenille_Probation_Dept.pdf

Collaborative Protocol with the Arizona Department of Juvenile Corrections

http://www.mercymaricopa.org/assets/pdf/providers/forms/new-provider-manual-forms-and-

attachments/Collaborative_Protocol_AZ_Dept_of_Juvenile_Corrections.pdf

Collaborative Protocol with the Division of Developmental Disabilities http://www.mercymaricopa.org/assets/pdf/providers/forms/new-provider-manual-forms-and-

attachments/Collaborative_Protocol_DES-DDD.pdf

Collaborative Protocol with the Department of Child Safety http://www.mercymaricopa.org/assets/pdf/providers/forms/new-provider-manual-forms-and-

attachments/Collaborative_Protocol_Dept_of_Child_Safety.pdf

Practice Protocol- Child and Family Team Practice

https://www.azahcccs.gov/PlansProviders/Downloads/GM/ClinicalGuidanceTools/cft.pdf

Covered Behavioral Health Services Guide

https://www.azahcccs.gov/PlansProviders/Downloads/GM/CoveredServiceGuide/covered-bhs-

guide.pdf

Practice Protocol- Working with Birth to Five Population

https://www.azahcccs.gov/PlansProviders/Downloads/GM/ClinicalGuidanceTools/birthtofive.pdf

Practice Protocol- Transition to Adulthood

https://www.azahcccs.gov/PlansProviders/Downloads/GM/ClinicalGuidanceTools/tas.pdf

Arizona Department of Education, Exceptional Student Services http://www.azed.gov/special-education/

Governor’s ASD Advisory Committee Report https://www.azahcccs.gov/shared/Downloads/ASD/ASDAdvisoryCommReport.pdf

AHCCCS Medical Policy Manual, chapter 10000

https://www.azahcccs.gov/shared/Downloads/MedicalPolicyManual/Chap1000.pdf

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 14 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

Request for Information Cover Page

Respondent Information

Organization Name: _______________________________________________________

Tax ID#: ________________________

Organization CEO Name: ___________________________________________________

Organization Address: _____________________________________________________

City _________________________ State _____ Zip _______________

RFI Contact

RFI Contact Name: ________________________________________________________

RFI Contact Title: _________________________________________________________

RFI Contact Phone: _______________________________________________________

RFI Contact Email: ________________________________________________________

I attest that the information included in this response is true and accurate to the best of my

knowledge. I understand that responding to this Request for Information (RFI) is for

informational purposes only and does not signify a contracting opportunity, nor a guarantee of

contracting for the provision of an Autism Center of Excellence.

Authorized Respondent

Signature: _____________________________________ Date: ___________________

Printed Name: _________________________________ Title: ____________________

Request for Information Autism Center of Excellence

Page 15 of 15 Nov. 1, 2016

End Notes

i University of North Carolina School of Medicine (2016). TEACCH Autism Program. Retrieved from: http://www.teacch.com ii Brookes Publishing Company. Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Retrieved from: http://agesandstages.com/ iii Wetherby, A.M. & Prizant, B.M (2002). Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scale Development Profile. Retrieved from: http://firstwords.fsu.edu/pdf/checklist.pdf iv Glascoe, F.P. (2013). Parents Evaluation and Developmental Status (PEDS) Developmental-Behavioral Screening Tool. Retrieved from: http://www.pedstest.com/default.aspx v Robins, D.L. (2016). Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers. Retrieved from: http://mchatscreen.com vi Vanderbilt Kennedy Center (2016). Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children (STAT). Retrieved from: http://mchatscreen.com vii Lord C., Rutter, M., Le Couteur, A., (1994). Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised: a revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism Developmental Disorders. 1994 (5): 659 – 685. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7814313 viii Lord C., Risis, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook E.H., Leventhal, B.L., DiLavore, P.C., Pickles, A., Rutter, M. (2000). The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: a standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism Spectrum Disorders. (3). 205 – 223. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11055457 ix Pearson Education (2016). Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, 2nd Edition (GARS-2). Retrieved from: http://www.pearsonclinical.co.uk/Psychology/ChildMentalHealth/ChildAutisticSpectrumDisorders/GilliamAutismRatingScale-SecondEdition(GARS-2)/GilliamAutismRatingScale-SecondEdition(GARS-2).aspx xAmerican Academy of Pediatrics (2016). https://medicalhomeinfo.aap.org/Pages/default.aspx American Academy of Pediatrics clinical reports: Identification and Evaluation of Children with ASD and Management of Children with ASD” by the AAP Council on Children with Disabilities.