report standard compaction test

7/29/2019 Report Standard Compaction Test

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CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

CC304 : GEOTEKNIK 1 (LAB)

LECTURE NAME : PN.SUHAILA BINTI SAFIEE

MUHAMMAD ZULKARNAIN BIN SAINI

(14DKA12F1063)

AHMAD FIQRI BIN HAMDAN

(14DKA12F1065)

MUHAMMAD LUQMAN BIN YUSUFF

(14DKA12F1077)

AZRI IZZAT BIN AZAMI

(14DKA12F1061) WAN NADIATUL EFFA BINTI WAN PAKURU

(14DKA12F1126)



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FORMAT REPORT

a) Cover

b) Rubric

c) Student code of ethnics

d) The report should contain:

1- No. of experiment

2- Topic of experiment

3- Objective

4- Apparatus

5- Theory

6- Procedure

7- Result

8- Calculation

9- Discussion

10- Conclusion



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CONTENT

TITTLE PAGE

Experiment , Objective and Introduction 4

Apparatus 5

Theory and Procedure 6-9

Result and Calculation 10-12

Discussion 13

Conclusion 14



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NO EXPERIMENT : 1

TOPIC EXPERIMENT : STANDARD PROCTOR COMPACTION TEST

INTRODUCTION :Soil compaction is defined as the method of mechanically

increasing the density of soil. In construction, this is

significant part of the building process.

OBJECTIVE :

1) to determine the relationship between the

moisture content and the dry density of a soil for a specified

compactive effort.

2) to determine how much space is available for air and water.

APPARATUS :

1) Manual rammer

2) mold

3) Extruder

4)Balance

5)Drying oven

6)Mixing pan

7)Trowel, #4 sieve

8) Moisture cans

9)Graduated cylinder

10) Straight Edge.

11) 3kg of sand



5

3kg of sand



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THEORY :

Compaction is the process by which the bulk density of an aggregate of matter is increased bydriving out air. For any soil, for a given amount of compactive effort, the density obtained

depends on the moisture content. At very high moisture contents, the maximum dry density is

achieved when the soil is compacted to nearly saturation, where (almost) all the air is driven

out. At low moisture contents, the soil particles interfere with each other; addition of some

moisture will allow greater bulk densities, with a peak density where this effect begins to be

counteracted by the saturation of the soil.



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PROCEDURE :

(1) Depending on the type of mold you are using obtain a sufficient

quantity of air-dried soil in large mixing pan. For the 4-inch mold

take approximately 10 lbs, and for the 6-inch mold take roughly 15

lbs. Pulverize the soil and run it through the # 4 sieve.

(2) Determine the weight of the soil sample as well as the weight of the

compaction mold with its base (without the collar) by using the

balance and record the weights.

(3) Compute the amount of initial water to add by the following method:

(a) Assume water content for the first test to be 8 percent.

(b) Compute water to add from the following equation:

100soil massin grams 8 water to add (in ml) =

Where “water to add” and the “soil mass” are in grams. Remember

that a gram of water is equal to approximately one milliliter of water.

(4) Measure out the water, add it to the soil, and then mix it thoroughly

into the soil using the trowel until the soil gets a uniform color (See

Photos B and C).

(5) Assemble the compaction mold to the base, place some soil in the

mold and compact the soil in the number of equal layers specified by

the type of compaction method employed (See Photos D and E).

The number of drops of the rammer per layer is also dependent upon the type of mold used

(See Table 1). The drops should be



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applied at a uniform rate not exceeding around 1.5 seconds per Engineering Properties of

Soils Based on Laboratory Testing

drop, and the rammer should provide uniform coverage of the

specimen surface. Try to avoid rebound of the rammer from the top

of the guide sleeve.

(6) The soil should completely fill the cylinder and the last compacted

layer must extend slightly above the collar joint. If the soil is below

the collar joint at the completion of the drops, the test point must be

repeated. (Note: For the last layer, watch carefully, and add more

soil after about 10 drops if it appears that the soil will be compacted

below the collar joint.)

(7) Carefully remove the collar and trim off the compacted soil so that it

is completely even with the top of the mold using the trowel. Replace

small bits of soil that may fall out during the trimming process (See

Photo F).

(8) Weight the compacted soil while it’s in the mold and to the base, and

record the mass (See Photo G). Determine the wet mass of the soil

by subtracting the weight of the mold and base.

(9) Remove the soil from the mold using a mechanical extruder (See

Photo H) and take soil moisture content samples from the top and

bottom of the specimen (See Photo I). Fill the moisture cans with

soil and determine the water content.

(10) Place the soil specimen in the large tray and break up the soil until it

appears visually as if it will pass through the # 4 sieve, add 2 percent

more water based on the original sample mass, and re-mix as in

step 4. Repeat steps 5 through 9 until, based on wet mass, a peak Engineering Properties of Soils Based on Laboratory Testing



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RESULT :

Determination of moisture content

Determination of dry density

TEST NO. 1 2 3 4 5

Mould + soil (g) 5.251 5.277 5.411 5.562 5.627

Mould (g) 3.741 3.750 3.761 3.781 3.756

Compacted soil (g) 1.510 1.527 1.650 1.781 1.871

Mould volume (cm ) 865.9 865.9 865.9 865.9 865.9

Bulk of density 6.064 6.094 6.248 6.423 6.498

Dry density 414.32x10- 262.42x10- 342.52x10- 286.37x10- 276.51x10-

Zero void ratio ; specific gravity 2.65

Dry density 1946.59 1667.83 1818.94 1690.19 1660.14

5% void ratio ; specific gravity 2.65Dry density 1849.26 1584.44 1728.00 1605.68 1577.13

CONTAINER NO. 1 2 3 4 5Wet soil + container (g) 0.074 0.072 0.082 0.089 0.097

Dry soil + container (g) 0.071 0.068 0.077 0.083 0.088

Container (g) 0.049 0.050 0.048 0.055 0.048

Water weight (g) 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.009

Dry soil (g) 0.022 0.018 0.029 0.028 0.040

Moisture contain (%) 13.636 22.222 17.241 21.429 22.5



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CALCULATION:

d = 10.5 cm

h = 10 cm

Mould volume (cm3 ) =

ᴨ r 2h = ᴨ (5.25) 10

= 865.9 m3

Moisture content

Moisture content = (mass of water ÷ mass of weight) ×100

1) (0.003 ÷ 0.022) x 100 =13.636

2) (0.004 ÷ 0.018) x 100 = 22.222

3) (0.005 ÷ 0.029) x 100 = 17.241

4) (0.006 ÷ 0.028) x 100 = 21.429

5) (0.009 ÷ 0.040) x 100 = 22.50



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Dry Density

Dry density =

1)

= 414.32x10

-3

2)

= 262.42x10-3

3)

= 342.52x10

-3

4)

= 286.39x10

-3

5)

= 276.51x10

-3



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DISCUSSION :

The compactive effort is the amount of mechanical energy that is applied to the

soil mass. Several different methods are used to compact soil in the field, and

some examples include tamping, kneading, vibration, and static load compaction.

The optimum water content is the water content that results in the greatest

density for a specified compactive effort. Compacting at water contents higher

than (wet of ) the optimum water content results in a relatively dispersed soil

structure (parallel particle orientations) that is weaker, more ductile, less

pervious, softer, more susceptible to shrinking, and less susceptible to swelling

than soil compacted dry of optimum to the same density. The soil compacted

lower than (dry of) the optimum water content typically results in a flocculated soil

structure (random particle orientations) that has the opposite characteristics of

the soil compacted wet of the optimum water content to the same density.



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CONCLUSION:

Mechanical compaction is one of the most common and cost effective

means of stabilizing soils. An extremely important task of geotechnical engineers

is the performance and analysis of field control tests to assure that compacted

fills are meeting the prescribed design specifications. Design specifications

usually state the required density (as a percentage of the “maximum” density

measured in a standard laboratory test), and the water content. In general, most

engineering properties, such as the strength, stiffness, resistance to shrinkage,

and imperviousness of the soil, will improve by increasing the soil density.

report standard compaction test

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