report infojobs esade: state of the labour market in spain 2013

ESADE InfoJobs Report 2013 · State of the labour market in Spain · Principal Conclusions

1

ESADE InfoJobs Report

State of the labour market in Spain

May 2014

Principal conclusions

MercadoLaboral

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43


Presentation of the report

InfoJobs and ESADE present this study with the objective of providing useful knowledge on the Spanish labour market, documenting the different trends, features and opportunities present.

The analysis focuses mainly on the activity on the site during 2013. To understand the evolution of the different trends, the data obtained is compared with 2008 and 2012.

External data has also been used for certain sections of the study. The main official sources are the statistics agency of the European Union (Eurostat), the National Institute of Statistics (INE) and the Public Service of State Employment (SPEE).

Through this study we would like to share information that InfoJobs collects as a leading job portal and as a privileged intermediary in selection processes. At the same time, we aim to give a voice to the users of the portal to allow readers to better understand the employment situation that we are currently experiencing in our country.

Introduction


65

The year ended with 5.9 million unemployed in Spain, ac-cording to the INE survey of active population, which also cites unemployment of 26.03%, one of the worst in the EU and surpassed only by Greece. Unemployment remains the prima-ry concern of Spaniards, as the CIS barometer reminds us.

In the last quarter of 2013 the economy showed signs of recovery, coming out of recession with the 0.1% upturn in GDP. This growth was not noticed in the real economy: most activity indicators showed that 2013 was another negative year, since neither consumption nor industrial activity offered signs of recovery.

Forecasts for 2014 are not very positive. The principal agen-cies and institutions indicate that growth will be modest (between 0.5% and 1% of GDP) and may not generate the employment that Spain needs.

In 2013 a total of 973,033 job vacancies were published on InfoJobs, 10% more than in 2012, which in absolute terms means a total of 85,637 additional vacancies.

68% of the 2013 total number of vacancies corresponds to the categories of business and sales, customer service and computer science and telecommunications.

The “real economy”has scarcely improved

Employment vacancies grew by 10% in 2013

Category % of vacancies 2013

Commerce and sales 40%

IT and telecommunications 17%

Customer service 11%

Professions, crafts and trades 4%

Engineers and technicians 4%

Hospitality and tourism 4%

Business administration 3%

Retail 2%

Education and training 2%

Health and sanitation 2%

Purchasing, logisticsand warehousing

2%

Marketing and communication 2%

Quality, production and R&D 1%

Banking & finance 1%

Human resources 1%

Real estate and construction 1%

Design and graphic arts 0.4%

Legal 0.3%

unemployed in Spain in

2013

5.9M

employment vacancies in InfoJobs

973,033

40%

17%

Commerce and Sales

IT andtelecommunications

Customerservice

% of vacancies by professional category

11%


87

In 2013 a total of 406,262 contracts were concluded through InfoJobs, 5% more than in 2012.

For 68% of the candidates, the employment secured was a professional advancement.

56% of the candidates accepted the job because it really interested them (44 per cent because they had no alternative and needed work).

Of the candidates who found a job in 2013, 77% were unem-ployed before finding work and 23% were in employment.

Candidates choose to register as self-employed as an alter-native in response to the decrease of employee contracts and the increase in vacancies for freelancers.

Freelance vacancies continue to grow, specifically a 10% increase on last year. Additionally, in relation to 2008, the volume of vacancies has grown tenfold.

406,262 contractsconcluded through InfoJobs

Vacancies for freelancers increased tenfold

more contractsconcluded than in

2012

5%

406,262 contracts

Vacanciesfor self-employed

grew by 10%

x10

÷


109

Category Applicants per vacancy

2008

Applicants per vacancy

2012

Applicants per vacancy

2013

IT and telecommunications 6 18 24

Commercial and sales 25 35 28

Banking & finance 25 66 63

Education and training 16 59 68

Professions, crafts and trades 21 69 75

Health and sanitation 25 77 82

Customer service 24 74 92

Engineers and technicians 30 97 117

Marketing and communication 50 135 124

Quality, production and R&D 54 99 139

Hospitality and tourism 31 104 139

Design and graphic arts 79 141 161

Legal 56 109 183

Real estate and construction 50 173 185

Purchasing, logisticsand warehousing

52 183 235

Human resources 70 209 235

Business administration 70 249 298

Retail 49 276 323

General total 28 72 74

In 2013, the number of job seekers who applied for vacancies through InfoJobs decreased 5% on 2012, and totalled 2.3 million.

13% more registrations than in 2012. Despite the increase in vacancies (10%), competition for jobs increased slightly, rising from 72 to 74 applicants per vacancy.

The mismatch regarding training between supply and de-mand of employment continues. 45% of jobseekers have university-level education and only 21% of the vacancies requested these studies

Mobile applications programmer, the most in-demand emerging post.

The growing need for energy technicians is also confirmed.

HTLM5 technology continues to generate vacancies and more specializations.

The emergence of Cloud Computing, which requires programmers, systems administrators, analysts and engineers.

Big Data bursts onto the scene. Its demand has grown exponentially, requiring analysts, programmers, architects and consultants

2.3 million jobseekers

Information technologies create new opportunities

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

419

208

400

1.266

2.045

2.360

10144

67444

130

89

42

9

496

124168

917

632601

259

Programmer of mobile applications

Energy technician

Big Data

HTML5 Programmer

Cloud Computing

Vacancies

74

208208208208

Jobseekersintensify their

activity.

CloudComputing

and Big Datageneratenew jobs.


1211

The average salary offered is of

23,650€ gross.

In 2008 28% of candidates indicated a willingness to change residence for reasons of work. In 2013 33% of candidates expressed this predisposition.

The reality of the portal indicates that 29% of candidates apply for vacancies that are outside their autonomous community. The mobility rate has grown in recent years, taking into account that in 2011 the rate was 20%.

Increases in the intention and the real rate of mobility

The trend of wagemoderation continuesThe average salary offered by companies in their vacancies published in InfoJobs was 23,650 Euros per annum gross in 2013. This grew by barely 0.2% in 2013, the same as inflation.

Jobs requiring university studies are still the best paid with an average salary of 28,263 Euros gross per year, and the difference (which is now more than €8,000) has increased between those with basic studies or high school baccalaureate.

Candidates that have been longer-term unemployed accept remuneration below their expectations in order to return to the world of work. The mismatch between supply and demand remains as far as wages are concerned.

Category Annual gross salary

2013*

Engineers and technicians €29,165

Banking & finance €27,245

Real estate and construction €26,983

Education and training €26,922

IT and telecommunications €26,621

Quality, production and R&D €25,390

Legal €25,086

Health and sanitation €24,747

Marketing and communication €24,306

Commerce and sales €24,247

Business administration €22,499

Design and graphic arts €21,740

Purchasing, logistics and warehousing €21,483

Human resources €21,253

Hospitality and tourism €18,293

Professions, crafts and trades €18,098

Customer service €16,030

Retail €15,794

Salariesaboveoverallaverage

Salariesbelowoverallaverage

*Average maximum salary offered


1413

Management, engineering and dental health, categories with better wages

Job Applicants per vacancy

Annualgross salary*

Engineering Projects Manager 107 €62,250

General Manager** 206 €55,800

IT Manager 129 €55,545

Orthodontist / Implantologist 16 €54,101

Industrial Manager 120 €51,974

Consultant banking 32 €48,610

Odontologist 37 €47,988

Financial agent 23 €46,626

Commercial Director 87 €44,411

Financial Director 334 €44,387

Foreign trade 159 €39,660

Vacancies for Management and Engineers are those that recorded better salaries in 2013. These salaries have greater variability, depending on the company hiring and the sector.

The phenomenon of dental franchises linked to insurance companies has generated a growing demand for specialists in dental health, especially of odontologists and implan-tologists, who also enjoy good salaries.

* Average maximum salary offered** Position with a high salary fluctuation

Young peopleand over-45s,vulnerable groups59% of the unemployed - 3.4 million people - are either young or older than 45 years. The figures speak for themselves and put the focus on these two groups, which, in some cases, are found in the same family. 25% of these unemployed people, a total of 856,713, sought employment through InfoJobs in 2013.

We have asked 21,394 over-45s and 11,426 16-29 year olds about their experience of this situation. At the same time we asked 290 companies to relate their vision and behaviour regarding these two groups.

31% 1.8 million Over 45 years

28% 1.6 million Between 16 and 29 years

Unemployed by age according to EPA (INE)

41% 2.4 million Others


1615

One of every four young peopleis considering undertakinga new business venture

Training, changing sectorsand undertaking new ventures,main alternatives at age 45

24% of young people are thinking on undertaking a new business venture, either on their own or by partnering with other professionals.

The majority (56%) indicate that they are training and recycling their skills in order to get a job and 27% are considering changing sector.

Their intention is to relocate: 7 of every 10 young people would change residence for a job.

Half of the companies acknowledge that they have not given an indefinite contract to any of the young people who have completed their placement contract

Almost 6 in 10 say that they are training and recycling their skills. At the same time, 15% are considering a change of sector. Training is a key to change to a sector that offers them more likelihood of being employable.

Given the difficulty of finding a job, 12% of them are con-sidering a new venture, either individually or together with other professionals.

8%

8%

2%

10%

12%

17%

15%

24%

27%

46%

56% 59%

What do you do to improve your employability? What do you do to improve your employability?

Training/Recycling Training/Recycling

Specific training: languages

Change of sector

Undertake a new venture on my ownor with others

Emigrate, widen horizons

Change of sector/sector where moreemployable

Voluntary work

New venture on my ownor with others

Others

Specific training: languages

Emigrate: search outside the country

(n=11,426) (n=21,394)

2%

1%

Take official examinations

Voluntary work


1817

The companies,a little more optimistic about the future

Experience, knowledge andstability, the characteristics most valued by companies

The employment situation at national level will hold steady in the short term, in the opinion of nearly half of the companies. In the long term, 76% of companies believe that the situa-tion will improve.

For next year, 55% of firms expected to maintain current staff. For the next two years, half now expect to increase their workforce.

Will the national employment situation improve in the future?

In 4 years In 2 years In 1 year

It will improve

It will be worse

It will remain the same

In 4 years In 2 years In 1 year

What is the forecast regarding recruitment in your company for the next few years?

47.93%75.86% 7.59%5.17%

44.48%44.48%

20.34%30.00%

49.66%

34.00%11.00%

55.00%

50.00%4.00%

45.00%

57.00%5.00%

38.00%

Experience, knowledge and work and personal stability are the aspects most valued by the candidates and companies alike, though each assigns different weights.

Acquired habits, deficiencies in language and technology are the principal inhibitors for companies in contracting the over-45s. For candidates, the most important disad-vantages are their lacking language skills, less willingness to travel and acquired habits.

73% of the companies surveyed admit that they have not hired any over-45s in the last year.

96% of over-45 candidates affirm that companies are reluctant to contract from this group. 26% of the can-didates reveal that the company, at the end of the process, informed them that it ruled them out in favour of a younger candidate, although they conformed to the profile required.

Advantages of contracting over-45s

Experience

Knowledge

Employment stability

Personal stability

Network of contacts

They know what they want...

Tax

They handle pressure better

Training

They are more motivated

Mentoring

Ability to relativize

Other

Acquired habits

Technological gap (recycling)

Languages gap (recycling)

Fear of and/or resistance to change

Less flexibility

Less willingness to travel

Health-related risks

They are less motivated

Others

Early retirement

86%

92%

54%

75%

43%

67%

67%

41%

38%

33%

33%

60%

20%

35%

20%

56%

18%

43%

15%

42%

13%

34%

13%

39%

2%

5%Companies (n=290) Companies (n=290)

Candidates (n=21,394) Candidates (n=21,394)

35%

43%

34%

21%

30%

14%

16%

34%

15%

22%

11%

5%

8%

10%

8%

25%

67%

25%

42%

24%

Disadvantages of contracting over-45s

Press Contact InfoJobs

Mar LlanasT +34 93 552 22 43

[email protected]

Report produced by InfoJobs and ESADE

InfoJobs Business Analysis

Supervision: Laura Lara Team: Neus Margalló, Pedro J. Mellinas, David Rojo

ESADEBusiness School

Carlos Obeso

MercadoLaboral

orientacion-laboral.infojobs.net/mercado-laboral

@InfoJobs

facebook.com/infojobs

#

report infojobs esade: state of the labour market in spain 2013

Recruiting & HR