Renewable Energy for Enhanced Recovery and Environmental StewardshipRecovered resources include oil, gas, and water

Jill Engel-Cox, Deputy Director, JISEA

Bud Johnston, NREL

October 12, 2016

JISEA—Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis 2

Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis

http://www.jisea.org

JISEA—Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis 3

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Mission: NREL advances the science and engineering of energy efficiency, sustainable transportation, and renewable power technologies and provides the knowledge to integrate and optimize energy systems.

• 1700 employees + 700 visiting researchers + 80 post-doctoral students + 234 student interns• 327-acre campus in Golden & 305-acre National Wind Technology Center 13 miles north• 58 R&D 100 awards and more than 1000 published materials

http://www.nrel.gov/about/

Example Technology Areas:

Geothermal

Solar

Buildings

Computational Science

Resource Measurement

BatteriesFuel Cells

Energy Analysis

Grid Integration

BiofuelsHydrogen

Wind

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Outline

I. US Trends towards Decarbonization

–Power Generation Shares

–Net Capacity Additions by Fuel Type

–NREL Power Generation Projection

II. Role of Renewable Energy in Resource Recovery

–Concentrated Solar Power steam for EOR

–Power generated by oil field water supply wells

– Exploiting synergies with gas and renewables

JISEA—Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis 5

Power Generation Shares

The U.S. Power Sector Is Undergoing Profound TransformationSignificant shift from coal to natural gas power generation

Source: EIA Electric Power Monthly and EIA Form 860. Note: 2016 data is a 12-monthly rolling average with data through June 2016.

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Net Capacity Additions by Fuel Type

-20000

-10000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

19

50

19

55

19

60

19

65

19

70

19

75

19

80

19

85

19

90

19

95

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

Net

Cap

acit

y A

dd

itio

ns

(MW

)

Coal Natural Gas Petroleum Biomass Nuclear

Hydroelectric Wind Solar Geothermal Other

Nearly 35 GW of Coal Retired in Past 4 YearsStrong growth in wind and solar generation Source: EIA.

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NREL Electricity Generation Scenario

Generation by technology type in the Central Scenario, from: NREL 2015 Standard Scenarios Report: A U.S. Electricity Sector Outlook

Projected generation is dominated by natural gas, wind and solarLook for the 2016 Standard Scenarios Report coming soon at

http://www.nrel.gov/analysis/data_tech_baseline.html

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Outline

I. US Trends towards Decarbonization

–Power Generation Shares

–Net Capacity Additions by Fuel Type

–NREL Power Generation Projection

II. Role of Renewable Energy in Resource Recovery

–Concentrated Solar Power steam for EOR

–Power generated by oil field water supply wells

– Exploiting synergies with gas and renewables

JISEA—Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis 9

Enhanced Oil Recovery using CSP

Chevron/BrightSource Solar-to-Steam Demonstration Facility

Location: Coalinga, CAFacility Size: 100 acresSteam Production: 29 MWt (megawatts thermal)Electrical Output Equivalent: Approx. 13 MWe (megawatts electric)Tower Height: 327 feetNumber of Heliostats / Mirrors: 3,822 heliostats; 7,644 mirrorsYears of Operation: 2011-2014

http://www.brightsourceenergy.com/coalinga#.V-QUkjsSfPE

Coalinga, CA Sept 4, 2015A four-year project at a Chevron Corp. enhanced oil recovery wellsite in California's central valley has come and gone with no plans to replicate it.

http://www.naturalgasintel.com/articles/103562-potential-for-solar-assisted-eor-in-california-oilfield-still-unfulfilled

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Enhanced Oil Recovery using CSP

Miraah CSP system designed to:

• Produce 6,000 tons of solar steam each day for thermal EOR operations.

• Save 5.6 trillion Btus of natural gas each year.

• Reduce CO2 emissions by more than 300,000 tons each year.

http://www.glasspoint.com/markets/projects/

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Geothermal Power from Oil Field Water Supply Wells

Hot brine from wells may be used to generate electricity using facilities with Organic Rankin Cycle technologies.

Will Gosnold leads a University of North Dakota Partnership with Continental Resources, Access Energy, Olson Construction, Basin Electric Cooperative, and Slope Electric Cooperative. Project details include:

• Project is located at Cedar Hills Field, which is a water flood EOR operation in Rhame, ND.

• 2 hz water supply wells produce 98C, 51 kg/s, 3000 ppm TDS water from the Lodgepole formation.

• Access Energy delivered two 125 kW ORC units to the site, & power production commenced Apr 2016.

• An analysis indicates the Madision, Red River and Bakken formations could yield sufficient water to be economic for co-produced electrical power. Source: 2016 SMU presentation by

will.gosnold@engr.und.edu

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Synergies with Gas & Renewables

http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2016/09/could-the-pipeline-network-solve-the-renewable-storage-problem.html

• Natural gas pipeline networks may provide an ideal method of harnessing off-peak wind and excess solar.

• Compressors could be powered by excess renewable energy to store compressed gas within the pipeline network.

Electrification of industrial processes will be important for emissions reduction.

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I. The U.S. Power Sector Is Undergoing Profound Transformation

– Significant shift from coal to natural gas power generation

– Strong growth in wind and solar generation

– NREL’s projected generation is dominated by natural gas, wind and solar

II. There are viable roles for renewable energy in resource recovery.

– EOR projects have deployed CSP for steam flooding reservoirs.

– Electrification of oil & gas field processes reduce emissions and operating costs

– Natural gas provides flexibility and reliability as renewable energy increases.

III. Future Study Questions

– Where are the most profitable opportunities to exploit synergies between fossil fuel recovery/utilization and renewables deployment within the US?

– Who are the key stakeholders that benefit the most from exploiting fossil fuel/renewable energy synergies?

– What barriers dampen the exploitation of these synergies, and what steps could key entities take to overcome these barriers?

Summary and Related Questions

Thank you!