renewable energy and local opportunities
DESCRIPTION
Sustainability East hosted this event as the first in a series of 4 events across the country in partnership with DECC and Climate UKTRANSCRIPT
Renewable Energy & Local OpportunitiesNational programme of free events during June and July 2013 from
Climate UK in partnership with the Department for Energy and Climate Change
25th June 2013 - Chelmsford
Welcome
Robert OverallDeputy Chief Executive & Director of
Environment, Sustainability & HighwaysEssex County Council
Introduction
Dr Hugh Ellis Chair
Chief PlannerTown and County Planning Association
Video message from the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change
Policy Perspective
Michael RutterDepartment for Energy and Climate Change
UK Renewable Energy Policy
Office for Renewable Energy Deployment, Department of Energy and Climate Change
6
Why do we need renewable energy?
7
Ambitious, legally binding targets:
•The Climate Change Act set a target to reduce emissions by at least 80% by 2050 relative to 1990 levels and by at least 34% by 2020
•The EU Renewable Energy Directive requires the UK to meet 15% of energy demand from renewable sources by 2020 (from 3.8% in 2011)
Legal framework
Key renewable technologies
Can be widely deployed, but issues with their placement and public desirability
4. Onshore Wind In 2020: 24–32TWh/yr
Very large deployment potential - but deeper /
further out sites are expensive. Working to reduce cost by 2020
1. Offshore WindIn 2020: 33–58TWh/yr
Small contribution to 2020, but potential to provide much more in
future.
7. Marine Energy In 2020: 1TWh/yr
Contributes around 40% of total renewable
electricity
3. Biomass Electricity In 2020: 32–50TWh/yr
The EU defines ‘renewables’ widely, as “energy from renewable non-fossil sources.We can use any of these to meet a target of 15% of energy use in 2020, equal to 220 –
230 TWh of generation. But the following eight technologies will be most important.
Heat from wood, waste, sewage etc.
mainly for industrial and commercial use.
2. Biomass Heat In 2020: 36–50TWh/yr
Uses electricity to pull heat from air or ground (‘reverse refrigerator’).
5. Heat PumpsIn 2020: 16 -22TWh/yr
Classic panels on roofs to generate electricity
from sunlight. Small to industrial scale
6. Solar PVIn 2020: 6–18TWh/yr
Much theoretical potential but must
ensure sustainability.
8. Renewable Transport In 2020: < 44TWh/yr
Sources: Definition from EU, Directive 2009/28/EC; TWh figures from DECC(2011 and 2012), Renewables Roadmap
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 20200
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
3141
4854 58
632011/12
83-842013/14
113-1162015/16
154-1582017/18
223-2302020
Target Range through to 2020Target LowElectricityTransportProjected Total Required Renewable Energy Generation to Meet 2020 targetEn
ergy
Gen
erat
ed fr
om R
enew
able
Sou
rces
(T
Wh)
Renewable Energy in the UK: Historic and Projected, 2007 - 2020
Because of the low starting point, deployment needs to be steep
Sources: DECC(2012), Renewables Roadmap; indicative contribution based on possible sharing of burden as set out in HMG(2009), Renewable Energy Strategy
Electricity30%Heat
12%
Transport10%
Indicative contribution: demand needed from renewables in 2020
Of the three sectors making up our 2020 goal: Renewable electricity
has made a good start. Heat and transport
have challenges
Renewable electricity generation increased from 9.4% in 2011 to 12.5% by the end of 2012.
• The Renewables Obligation is currently the main policy for supporting large scale renewable electricity deployment. The Feed in tariff supports smaller scale projects (up to 5MW).
• RO closes to new generation in 2017• Contracts for Difference will take over as
our main source of support for large scale electricity generation projects
• Between 2014 and 2017, new renewable energy projects will be able to make a one-off choice between the two mechanisms
Financial Support
12
Impact on energy prices and bills
Delivering investment and jobs
Since 2010 DECC has
recorded investments in large
scale renewable energy
totalling over £29 billion, with
the potential to support
around 30,000 jobs.
Job figures based on ORED analysis of developer announcements
What influences people’s views on renewables?
14
Call for Evidence: Part A- on how communities can have more of a say over, and receive greater economic and wider social benefits from, hosting onshore wind farms. Part B - examined the latest UK onshore wind costs.
Over 1000 response from members of the public, NGOs developers, Local Authorities etc.
Our response was published in June and announced:• Maintained level of financial support for onshore wind; • Fivefold increase in community benefits payments;• Compulsory pre-application consultation;• Commitment to clear and reliable evidence on the impacts of
onshore wind, through an evidence toolkit;• Best practice guidance for use by those parties involved in
onshore wind developments;• Register of community benefits on offer.
Onshore Wind Community Engagement and Benefits
Low Carbon Innovation for the Area
Dr Aled JonesGlobal Sustainability Institute
Global Sustainability Institute
"According to a new U.N. report, the global warming outlook is much worse than originally predicted. Which is pretty bad when they originally predicted it would destroy the planet." --Jay Leno
Climate action
• It is estimated that $1 trillion a year globally will be invested in ‘climate solutions’ by 2030
• UK Climate Change Bill • EU 2020 and 2030 targets
• Decarbonise energy by 2050
East of England growth
• The East of England has a market value of £12.9 billion, with 6,234 companies employing about 103,000 people.
• How much of the $1 trillion investment per year does it want to attract?
Generating capacity investment ($billion)
Fossil fuel
Clean energy
0
50
100
150
200
250
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Investments on the rise
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Europe, Middle East, Africa Asia/Oceania Americas
Bil
lio
n U
S$ 2007
2008
2009
2010
Innovation on the rise
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
Year-by-Year Comparison: 6 Low-Carbon Energy Technologies: 1976-2007
Wind CST Biomass Photovoltaic Clean Coal Carbon Capture
Application year
Nr
of
pa
ten
ts
Knowledge generation
• Discover
• Develop
• Deploy
Knowledge partnership
• Discover University
• Develop University - Business
• Deploy Business
Government enabled
Local and national
Strategic opportunities
• Feed-in-Tariff• Renewable Heat Incentive • Green Deal • Planning changes • Local authority strategic plans
• Low cost technologies– In particular following investments over last 4 years
However…
Apr-1
0
Jun-
10
Aug-1
0
Oct-1
0
Dec-1
0
Feb-1
1
Apr-1
1
Jun-
11
Aug-1
1
Oct-1
1
Dec-1
1
Feb-1
2
Apr-1
2
Jun-
12
Aug-1
2
Oct-1
2
Dec-1
2
Feb-1
30
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
East of England: knowledge hub
Clean-tech innovation
Environmental management
Energy technologies
‘Green’ finance
‘Green’ manufacturing Transport innovation
East of England: knowledge hub
Contact details
Dr Aled Jones, Director
Global Sustainability Institute
Tel: 0845 196 2931 (direct)
http://www.anglia.ac.uk/gsi
Planning Policy Framework
Dr Hugh EllisChair
Questions
Refreshments
Local Authority Examples
John Preston - Epping Forest District CouncilPaul Hinsley – Essex County Council
Renewable Energy and Local Opportunities
A Presentation by John de Wilton Preston
25 June 2013
John Preston 25 June 2013
Introduction
John de Wilton Preston
Director of Planning and Economic Development for Epping Forest District Council
Chairman of Essex Planning Officer Association (EPOA)
Chairman of Epping Forest District Council Green Corporate Working Party
John Preston 25 June 2013
Epping Forest District CouncilCivic Offices
John Preston 25 June 2013
Lights
John Preston 25 June 2013
Lights
John Preston 25 June 2013
Windows - before
John Preston 25 June 2013
Windows - before
John Preston 25 June 2013
Windows - after
John Preston 25 June 2013
Windows - after
John Preston 25 June 2013
Southend YMCA
John Preston 25 June 2013
Design
The newly refurbished eco-hub facility provides affordable workspace, meeting rooms and conference facilities.
The exterior space maximises on the flexibility of the eco-hub. It has been designed to allow the remediation of the existing grounds whilst increasing the ecological value of the local area.
John Preston 25 June 2013
Blending the historical contest of the existing stables with contemporary
interior space
Benching and planters made from re-used timber Naturally lit spaces
John Preston 25 June 2013
Design achieves a “very good” BREEAM rating
Designed to compliment the Victoriana
John Preston 25 June 2013
Evogreen Photo Votaic site survey – Buckhurst Court
Location specific irradiance model
Structural suitability
Electrical capacity
Shade modelling
This information is then assessed to design a unique system specific to site needs
John Preston 25 June 2013
PV site survey Buckhurst Court
The amount of energy produced is guaranteed for 20 years. Most sites exceed this by around 20%
John Preston 25 June 2013
PV site survey Jessop Court
The amount of energy produced is guaranteed for 20 years.
John Preston 25 June 2013
My own efforts…
John Preston 25 June 2013
Credits to:
Sarah Creitzman, Environmental Coordinator, EFDC
Stuart Mitchell, Senior Building Surveyor, EFDC Southend-on-Sea Borough Council Chris Redman, Management Assistant, EFDC www.ledhut.co.uk www.southendymca.org.uk www.ecohub.org
John Preston 25 June 2013
Questions?
Paul HinsleyEnvironmental Project Officer
Planning, Environment & Economic Growth
Allowable Solutions & Community Energy Funds
Jonathan GaltonClimate Consulting
Making energy efficiency our businessMaking energy efficiency our business
Allowable Solutions and Community Energy Funds
An analysis of viewpoints from local authorities in the East of England
Jonathan GaltonClimate Consulting (part of the Climate Energy Group)
25th June 2013
Making energy efficiency our business
Background
• Proposal for Building Regulations Part L 2016 to include a zero carbon requirement for new dwellings.• “Zero carbon” (proposed definition) includes mandatory energy efficiency standard and “carbon compliance” target.• Beyond carbon compliance, developers can either meet full zero carbon target onsite or offset remaining emissions through offsite carbon reduction projects called “Allowable Solutions”
Making energy efficiency our business
Making energy efficiency our business
Background
Allowable Solutions: Options for Developers
Direct Delivery
Contract an AS Provider
Pay into Fund
Route A Route B
(Local authority list) (No local authority list)
Community Energy Fund
Private Provider
Private Energy Fund
•Investing in social housing retrofitting initiatives
•Investing in renewable energy projects•Investing in district heating projects•Investing via Green Deal
•Investing in embodied carbon initiatives• Investing in low-carbon lighting projects
Making energy efficiency our business
Objectives and Methodology• Research project conducted with three key objectives in mind: To explain government proposals for Allowable Solutions and
Community Energy Funds to local authorities. Collect feedback and opinion from local authorities on these proposals To learn from local authorities with existing “Carbon Offset Funds”.
• Research methods used:• Desktop literature review• Telephone interviews with 13 local authority officers (planners,
building control, sustainability officers).
Making energy efficiency our business
Making energy efficiency our business
Results and Analysis (1)
• Most local authorities are open to benefitting from Part L 2016 legislation with local Allowable Solutions…
Making energy efficiency our business
No. of responses
Social h
ousing
retrofit
Renewable
energy
Decentra
lised
energyGreen deal
Low energy
lightin
gEmbodied
energy
11
5
4 4
2
0
85% of local authorities interviewed express a preference for simple Allowable Solutions which are easy to deliver and provide clear benefit to the community.
Making energy efficiency our business
Results and Analysis (2)
• … but many have concerns over limited internal resources and knowledge and current lack of government clarity
• Limited internal resource was identified a key challenge in implementing
Allowable Solutions. • However, local authorities with established Carbon Offset Funds have not reported
a significant strain on resourcing when establishing their funds. • All interview respondents expressed a need for more clarity from
government on its proposals• NB: We are expecting a further announcement prior to the summer
recess. • Some respondents doubted whether carbon offset payments could
generate enough income to fund worthwhile projects • NB: Of the Carbon Offset Funds investigated, one had accrued £2.6
million (since 2008) while another had accrued £65,000 (since 2012)
Making energy efficiency our business
Making energy efficiency our business
Results and Analysis (3)
• Some views on using Allowable Solution funding to finance Renewable Energy installations:
“Solar thermal panels on social housing or larger scale standalone projects would be most appropriate”
“…small-scale renewable energy projects seem most appropriate for the district.”
“ Councillors not keen unless direct community benefit from electricity.”
“Renewable energy projects are unlikely to meet tests of additionality as they are fairly low risk and already receive significant funding.”
Making energy efficiency our business
Making energy efficiency our business
Next Steps
• Think about where your organisation fits in:• How can you benefit from the legislation?
What challenges might you face?• What can you start doing now?
• Respond to the government’s next consultation on Part L 2016 proposals.
Contact details:Jonathan Galton
Principal Consultant - Sustainable Planning and Policy
020 8633 9807
www.climate-consulting.co.uk
Making energy efficiency our business
Community Benefits Discussion
Michael RutterDepartment for Energy and Climate Change
1. Which example do you think brings the most positive benefits to the community? Why?
2. In each example, how would you define the community? Is this appropriate?
3. How would you administer the community fund in each example?
4. What could be done to improve these schemes?
5. What benefits do you think renewable energy can bring to an area? What does this need to be balanced against?
Lunch
Welcome Back
Developing Renewables in Harmony with Nature
Alex CooperRoyal Society for the Protection of Birds
Developing renewable energy in harmony with nature
Renewable Energy
& Local Opportunities,
Chelmsford, 25th June 2013
Introduction• The RSPB’s response to climate
change and the need to reduce emissions
• The risks posed to wildlife by renewable energy deployment
• Ways these risks can be either avoided or mitigated for
• Plus the potential opportunities for delivering a net biodiversity gain
Climate change: the greatest long term threat to wildlife
Black tailed godwit Lapwing
And
y H
ay (
rspb
-imag
es.c
om)
Chr
is G
omer
sall
(rsp
b-im
ages
.com
)
What are we doing about it?
Installing solar panels at RSPB Sandwell Valley, Birmingham
An
dy
Ha
y, (
rsp
b-im
ag
es.
com
)
Risks to wildlife from renewable energy• Direct habitat loss and damage
• Disturbance and displacement
• Collision mortality
• Cumulative impacts of multiple developments
Blanket bog
Curlew
Noctule bat
Blanket bog: Eleanor Bentall (rspb-images.com) Curlew: Chris Gomersall (rspb-images.com) Noctule: Steve Knell (rspb-images.com
)
Renewable energy in harmonywith nature
• Strategic planning
• Project level considerations
• Potential to deliver positive biodiversity gain
Nick Upton (rspb-images.com)
From RSPB Research report no.35 “Mapped and written guidance in relation to birds and onshore wind energy development in England”
Strategic planning for renewables
Key elements from a nature conservation point of view:
• Robust evidence base
• Spatially-explicit approach
• Sensitivity mapping
• Community and stakeholder engagement
Strategic planning for renewables:
delivering positives
“Habitat creation or restoration conforms to the principles contained in the Clocaenog Statement of Environmental Planning Principles (SEMP)...”
Project Level Considerations
• Good siting and design
• Mitigation of predicted impacts
• Early and close collaboration
• Post construction monitoring
John Bridges (rspb-images.com)
Take-home messages
• Climate change is here, now. We need renewable energy projects to happen.
• Strategic planning saves time (and tempers!)
• Project level planning – plan, do, review
• Create harmony: deliver renewables and look
for opportunities to benefit wildlife directly
Nick Upton (rspb-images.com)
The RSPB is the country’s largest nature conservation charity, inspiring everyone to give nature a home.
Planning for Wind Energy
Robin Basten RWE npower renewables
RWE Innogy PAGE 84
PLANNING FOR WIND ENERGY
Robin BastenRegional Development ManagerEast of England
11.04.2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 85
RWE npower renewables
> UK subsidiary of RWE Innogy and one of the UK’s leading renewable energy developers and operators
> We operate 21 hydroelectric power schemes, 27 onshore wind farms and 2 offshore wind farms
– including the UK’s first major offshore wind farm, North Hoyle
> Employ 453 staff in the UK, from Development to Operation
> During 2012 our renewable energy sites contributed >£1m into local communities
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 86
Background
> The NPPF – “Development that is sustainable should go ahead, without delay”
> Prime Minister David Cameron claimed last year that applications for judicial review hamper economic growth and that many are "completely pointless".– http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2012/nov/19/david-cameron-clam
pdown-judicial-review
> Unprecedented number of onshore wind planning decisions called in by the Secretary of State this year
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 87
NPPF – para 97
> To help increase the use and supply of renewable and low carbon energy, local planning authorities should recognise the responsibility on all communities to contribute to energy generation from renewable or low carbon sources. They should:
– have a positive strategy to promote energy from renewable and low carbon sources;
– design their policies to maximise renewable and low carbon energy development while ensuring that adverse impacts are addressed satisfactorily, including cumulative landscape and visual impacts
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 88
Renewable energy mappingsite selection
> Regional capacity studies undertaken such as the East of England Renewable Energy Capacity Study & Maps [Aecom] the evidence base
> Study undertaken by RWE nrl earlier this year
– 236 LPAs policy documents scrutinised – looking at regional guidance and more detailed local planning documents
– 65 LPAs carried site specific guidance
– Application of high level constraints – wind speed, cumulative impact, proximity to settlements and site size
• Reduced total of 22 LPAs and 108 sites
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 89
A plan led system?
> Are these studies recognised?
> Council statements about renewable energy and Economic Development?
> ‘the proposal is not therefore considered to be sustainable development’
> Community acceptance?
> Adverse impacts?
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 90
The planning balance
> Current planning decisions on onshore wind are not always reflecting a locally-led planning system. New planning guidance supporting the planning framework from DCLG will make clear that the need for renewable energy does not automatically override environmental protections and the planning concerns of local communities. [DECC/DCLG 06-06-2013]
> When determining planning applications, local planning authorities should:
– approve the application if its impacts are (or can be made) acceptable. [NPPF para 98]
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 91
“adverse impacts”
> My attention was drawn to places where the turbines would be seen in juxtaposition with Churches. However, a wind turbine and a Church are legible as different objects with different functions. I do not consider that there would be any significant competition between them or any visual confusion as a result of the juxtaposition. [Para 27, APP/F2415/A/09/2109745]
> As individual objects, if carefully designed and proportioned a wind turbine or a meteorological mast can attain a degree of elegance as a sculptural object, notwithstanding their scale and consequent landscape impact. [Para 28, APP/F2415/A/09/2109745]
> The current landscape is what it is… [Para 39, APP/Y2810/A/11/2164759]
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 92
Engagement
> As part of the measures, the Government will make pre-application consultation with local communities compulsory for the more significant onshore wind applications [DECC/DCLG 06-06-2013]
> Preparation of planning applications already involves consultation with a wide range of statutory stakeholders and communities
> National stakeholders suffering from financial curtailment
> Community consultation – early & meaningful
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 93
Localism
> Not much has changed – excepting increased expectation from local communities!
> Pre-determination changes now enable Local Councillors to engage in discussions – to better represent constituents and encourage democratic debate
– This is a change that has not really worked its way into practice
– Implementation will facilitate engagement
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 94
Community Benefit –bribe or benefit?
> an increase in the recommended community benefit package in England from £1,000/MW of installed capacity per year, to £5,000/MW/year for the lifetime of the windfarm. [DECC/DCLG 06-06-2013]
> Little Cheyne Court wind farm
– £60,000 pa community fund
– Decisions about grant applications are made by a panel of local community members.
> >£1m pa paid into community initiatives
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 95
Economic Development
> In 2010/2011 RWE npower renewables invested almost £1 billion into renewable energy projects in the UK. During 2012 we invested a further £500 million into UK renewable energy projects.
> For every £1 spent by our Civils contractors for our Novar II wind farm in Scotland, between £1.93 to £2.31 was generated in the wider region. The multiplier effect on the Scottish economy as a whole is estimated as between £2.30 to £2.44. More than double the initial £1 spend!
> For our onshore wind farms we generally agree:
– four major contracts – turbines, electrical, civil, grid
– up to 40 minor contracts – for example, site investigation, resident engineers, tree felling
– the entire project might contain up to 200 contracts, large and small.
11/04/2023
RWE Innogy PAGE 96
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION.
11.04.2023
Questions
Workshop Session
Positive and Proactive Action:Barriers, Opportunities and Help Needed
Please nominate a scribe to capture group a discussion about the following points:
The BarriersPlease consider organisational barriers and those with stakeholder engagement as well as barriers in technology and public perception.
The OpportunitiesPlease consider opportunities for organisations and for areas as a whole, e.g. reputational and financial opportunities as well as jobs, growth, investment into an area, etc. What would help?
At the end of the session you will be asked to feedback one point to the group as a whole.
Reflections, Summary and Close
Thank You!