RENAISSANCE PERIODRENAISSANCE PERIOD1414thth - 17 - 17thth C C

Re-birth or Revival of Cultural AwarenessHistorical & cultural movement Spanning periodLocationRenewed interest of Renaissance

◦Roman Art & Design◦Greek Art & Design

Area of emphasis for Renaissance◦Study of Human Beings◦Environment◦Science & other intellectual aspect◦Philosophy◦Literature◦Art & design◦Politics

Encompass Of RenaissanceRevival of learning based on classical

sourcesRise of courtlyPapal patronageDevelopment of perspective in paintingAdvancements in scienceEmphasis Of Renaissance Scholars

Study of humanist methodSearch for realismHuman emotion in art

Renaissance HistoriographyLong and complexDebate of usefulness of renaissance

Cultural "advance" from the M.A Period of pessimism and nostalgia for the classical

age19TH C Historians

Clear "break" from medieval thought and practice Continuity between the two eras

Incorrect to classify any historical period Better Worse

Early Renaissance Centered in Italy, 15th Century

Period of creative and intellectual activity,Artists broke away from the restrictions of

Byzantine ArtStudy of natural world for perfect

understanding of Anatomy Perspective

Northern Renaissance Centered in Germany and the Netherlands, 15th-16th C

Influence of Northern European Tradition of G.A

Major influence on Technical advancements of the renaissance in Italy Philosophical advancements

Minor concerned Studies of anatomy Linear perspective

Northern artists styles Masters of technique Beautiful & delicate detail

High Renaissance Centered in Italy, Early 16th C

Culmination of the artistic developments of early renaissance

Great explosions of creative genius in history

Great artists of history Michelangelo Buonarroti Raphael Sanzio Leonardo da Vinci

High Renaissance Art Mannerism

Mannerism Europe, Mid to Late 16th Century

Continuation of ideas of Raphael and Michelangelo Buonarroti

Period of technical accomplishment Overly Stylized Mannerist Art characterized by

Complex Composition Muscular Elongated figures in complex poses

Renaissance Men / Great Men

◦Florence Birthplace Of Renaissance

◦Result Of Luck

◦Great Men Born There By Chance

Michelangelo Buonarroti Raphael Sanzio Leonardo da Vinci

Sources Presented for Origin of Renaissance

Writings paintings

Renaissance's Origin◦Assimilation of Greek and Arabic knowledge◦Social and political structures in Italy◦The Black Death◦Cultural conditions in Florence

Assimilation of KnowledgeRediscovery of ancient texts Preserved work

Monastic Libraries at Cordoba Educational institutions

Translations of Greek and Arabic texts into Latin Works of ancient Greek and Hellenistic writers Muslim scientists and philosophers

Imported into the Christian world (crusaders)provide

New intellectual material for European scholarsKnowledge assimilation from

Spain Middle East

Study of mathematics & its Flourishment

Social and political structures in ItalyLack of political entityDivision into smaller city states and territoriesUnusual social climate Emergence of a cultural efflorescence

famous forItaly merchant republics

◦ Republic of Florence Producer of Silk & Jewelry

◦ Republic of Venice Producer of Fine Glass

Trading CentersIntellectual crossroads Ideas from far corners of the globe

Commission of large Public Private artistic projects

Black DeathDevastation in FlorenceShift in world view of people in 14th CMore on their lives on earth, Rather than on spirituality and the afterlifeManifested in sponsorship of religious works

of artCultural conditions in FlorenceCultural movementSeveral features unique to Florentine cultureRole of Medici family

Patronization Stimulation of arts

Religion in Renaissance Emphasis Ideals of HumanismSecular aspectsTheology presented

People perceived the relationship between man and god

Followers of the humanist method Thomas More John Calvin

Better Educated Middle Class ◦Fascinated by human achievement◦Mankind shapes the destiny◦Inspiration for high point of human

achievement

HumanismNot a philosophy Method of learningHumanistsStudy ancient texts in originalAppraise them through a combination of

Reasoning Empirical evidence

Humanist Education Study ofPoetryGrammarEthicsRhetoricHumanists AssertionGenius of manUnique and extraordinary ability of the human

mind

Features Of Renaissance ArtDevelopment of highly realistic linear perspectiveContribution of Writings of architects

Filippo Brunelleschi Leon Alberti

Perspective an artistic techniqueRealism in arts Depiction of beauty of nature Study of

Light Shadow Human anatomy

Development of techniques by paintersDevelopment of Vibrant artistic culture

Development of painting in Italy Technically Stylistically

Introduction of Oil paint Canvas

Inspiration for artists Depiction of themes of everyday life Naturalism

Flanders Prosperous Weaving Center

Trade with ItalyEducation of Italian noble families Flanders influence

German English Bohemian French

Reviving of art of panel painting Manuscript illuminationPanel painters & manuscript illuminatorsManuscript painting techniques

◦Sophisticated ◦Realistic◦Subject matter painted in larger format◦Naturalism in the art

Northern painters◦Depictions of objects and people from the

everyday world◦Use of oil paint

Luminous qualities Rich effect

Trademarks Of Northern Painting

NaturalismAttention to specific detail

Mysticism in religionPerspectiveFewer depictions of

Nude & Observed anatomy

Landscape painting

Science in Renaissance Scientific revolution

Astronomy Physics Biology Anatomy Flourishing discipline of mathematics

Development of Engineering TechniquesIntermixing of science and art

Leonardo da Vinci

Observational drawings of anatomy and nature

Flowering Elements in Art and Philosophy

Decline in power of church in EuropeRise of strong nation states

Increase in Education Richness of Middle Class

Increased interest & emphasis on ancient philosophers, particularly Plato

Development of printing in mid-15thC, spread of new learning throughout Europe

Renaissance Spreads Birthplace in Florence

First to the rest of Italy

Soon to the rest of Europe Invention of printing press

Rapid transmission of ideas Ideas Diversification Adaptation to Changed local culture

Regional and National Movements of Renaissance

◦The Italian Renaissance◦The English Renaissance◦The German Renaissance◦The Northern Renaissance◦The French Renaissance◦The Renaissance in Netherlands◦The Polish Renaissance ◦The Spanish Renaissance◦Renaissance in Eastern Europe

On Angel's WingsLost-wax, cast bronze sculpture15thC Italian Renaissance artNatural finishHardwood baseHighly detailedDimension

12" x 10" x 13"

Temple Bronze ChestInspired by ancient ArchitectureHand-rubbed natural textureHighly detailed exteriorPyramid topShaped feetDimension

9 " x 9" x 9 1/2"

American SpiritLost-wax cast bronze sculptureDramatically captured at moment of

taking flightFree-standing base of eagle◦ Natural Finish◦ Highly DetailedDimension

12" x 12" x 13"

Copper Collection Beautiful round lidHand hammered

◦Spiral shape◦Round

Dimension◦8" D◦11" H

Venetian Inlaid Chest (Souvenir, Jewelry Box)

Beautifully InlaidHardwoodOctagonal Shape Floral PatternHand-rubbed FinishDimension

10" x 10" x 7"