renaissance art in the 1400 – 1600. overview italian/early 1400-1490 italian/high 1500-1600...
TRANSCRIPT
Renaissance
Art in the
1400 – 1600
Overview • Italian/Early 1400-1490
• Italian/High 1500-1600
• Northern/Late 1500-1600
• one can argue about dates:
1300 – 1520
1400 – 1600
map
Renaissance• 1st period to name itself and say nasty
things about earlier times:“Gothic” & “Dark Ages”
• Term means “Rebirth”• Looking back to Classical culture –
Ancient Greece and Rome• Names! Artists known by name – 1st
contemporary art historian (1550); Individuality celebrated in this era
Renaissance• Church is still the biggest power
structure• Beginning of banking• Private fortunes & power• Starts in Italy – specifically
Florence
Man loves himself once again
The Return of Humanism
. . . I feel that I have come to some understanding of why man is the most fortunate of living things and, consequently, deserving of all admiration; of what may be the condition in the hierarchy of beings assigned to him, which draws upon him the envy, not of the brutes alone, but of the astral beings and of the very intelligences which dwell beyond the confines of the world.
from Pico della Mirandola's Oration on the Dignity of Man (1486)
see also p. 190
Donatello, David, 1432
p. 203
Donatello, David, 1432
Tuscan hat
p. 203
Style of helmet & art symbolic reference to other Italian city-states
Love of texture
Donatello,David, 1432
Goliath’s headdetail
Donatello, David, 1432
1st free-standing, life size nude sculpture since antiquity!
• contrapposto; but not just an imitation of past models
• for private collection
• David = underdog = Florence
• Goliath = giant = Milan & other central Italian cities in league against Florence
Donatello, David, 1432
Inscription:
“The victor is whoever defends the fatherland. God crushes the wrath of an enormous foe. Behold - a boy overcame a great tyrant! Conquer, O citizens! Kingdoms fall through luxury, cities rise through virtues. Behold the neck of pride, severed by the hand of humility.”
p. 203
An earlier Donatello David (c.1410)
Florence CathedralBrunelleschi dome
p. 193-197
CONFIDENCE REDISCOVERED!
Florence CathedralBrunelleschi domeinside view
Tower designed by Giotto,
1334
View of Duomo from Pitti Palace (across the river)
View from the Duomo
Uffizzi Pitti Palace
Pazzi Chapel
Post & lintel returns;
GEOMETRY
Pazzi Chapel
p. 198
Pitti Palace
Alberti (façade architect), Santa Maria Novella, Florence, 1470
By the numbers:
2:1
3:1
4:1
not in text
p. 202
MasaccioTrinity1427-28Fresco21' 10 1/2" x 10' 4 Santa Maria Novella, Florence
1st use of linear perspective
not in text
Masaccio, Tribute Money, c. 1427
p. 199
Tribute Money,detail
Note use of chiaroscuro
(light and dark shading) to
create volume in the clothes.
Ghiberti, LorenzoThe Gates of Paradise 1425-52Bronze with gilding
p. 195-196
Ghiberti, LorenzoThe Gates of Paradise 1425-52Bronze with gilding
p. 195-196
Ghiberti, LorenzoThe Gates of Paradise 1425-52Bronze with gilding
Ghiberti, LorenzoThe Gates of Paradise 1425-52Bronze with gilding
Ghiberti, LorenzoDetail from the Gates of Paradise The story of Joseph1425-52Bronze with gilding80 x 80 cmBaptistery, Florence not in text
BOTTICELLI, SandroThe birth of Venusc. 1485, Tempera on canvas(67 7/8 x 109 5/8 in.)
NOT IN TEXT
p. 199
BOTTICELLI, SandroPrimaverac. 1482. Tempera on wood203 x 314 cm
BOTTICELLI, SandroPrimaverac. 1482. Tempera on wood203 x 314 cm
BOTTICELLI, SandroVenus and Marsc. 1485. Egg tempera and oil on poplar69 x 173.5 cm not in text
NOT BIBLICAL!
KEY IMAGEPERIOD:
PLACE:
ARTIST:
TITLE:
DATE:
p. 203
Early RenaissanceFlorence
Donatello
David
1432
KEY IMAGEPERIOD:
ARTIST:
TITLE:p. 199
Renaissance
Botticelli
La Primavera (Birth of Spring)
Pazzi ChapelKEY IMAGE
p. 198
Summary – Italian Renaissance• POLITICS – Italian city-states; power from money
• EARLY RENAISSANCE – Florence
• HIGH RENAISSANCE –
• ART – Classical ideals revived
• IDEAS – Humanism returns
• MUSIC –