renaissance 1300-1650. renaissance in italy renaissance means “rebirth” from the disorder &...
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Renaissance in Italy
Renaissance means “rebirth” from the disorder & disunity of the medieval world
Began in Italy & lasted from 1350 to about 1500
Why Italy
Italy was the center of the Roman Empire
Center of European/Asian trade
Wealthy, powerful merchant class promoted cultural rebirth – the Medicis family
What was the Renaissance
New worldview – Focus on human experience/achievement instead of life after death
Spirit of Adventure – Curiosity to explore new worlds; Christopher Columbus and Nicholas Copernicus
Humanism – Study of worldly subjects and the classics instead of only religious issues; (grammar, rhetoric, poetry & history) most famous – Francesco Petrarch
The Arts
New Expressions Artwork portrayed religious figures but backdrops
were Greek & Roman Artwork depicted well-known figures of the time -
reflected individual achievement
New Styles Perspective, shading, study of anatomy and live
models
Architecture Abandoned Gothic style – too cluttered New styles used columns, arches & domes (like
the Roman built Pantheon)
Renaissance Painters/Artists
Leonardo da Vinci Mona Lisa, The Last Supper Studied botany, anatomy, optics, music
architecture & engineering
Michelangelo Sistine Chapel, Statue of David, St. Peters Sculptor, engineer, painter, architect &
poet
Raphael St. Peter’s Cathedral Architect & painter
Renaissance Writers Baldassare Castiglione – The Book of the Courtier
“How to” handbook for aspiring & ambitious men & women on skills, manners & virtues a member of the Court should have
Men – athletic, musical, knows literature & history Women – graceful, kind, lively yet reserved
Niccolo Machiavelli – The Prince “How to” book on
leadership The end justifies the
means Do whatever necessary
to achieve goals
Renaissance Moves North
Lack of economic growth & the plague slowed the spread of the Renaissance north
Began in Flanders – northern France, Belgium & Netherlands
Rebirth in Spain, France, Germany & England came 100 years later
Artists Albrecht Durer - engraver Jan & Hubert van Eyck – developed oil paint Pieter Bruegel – portrayed peasant life not religious themes Peter Paul Rubens – blended the classics with real life
Northern Humanists
Stressed education & classical learning
Emphasized religious themes
Revival on ancient learning should be used to bring about religious & moral reform
Desiderius Erasmus Called for the Bible to be written so all
could read Disgusted by corruption in the Church &
called for reform
Thomas More - wrote Utopia Called for social reforms to create an
ideal society
Shakespeare Wrote 37 plays - Twelfth Night, Richard III,
Romeo & Juliet, Macbeth Added 1700 words to the English language
Cervantes Wrote Don Quixote