PowerPoint Presentation

Reign of TerrorWednesday November 5, 2013

1You have 3 minutes to complete the reading quiz3 minutesEndPass in your sheetsTodays ObjectivesStudents will understand the changing values of revolutionary France byExamining the influence of radical ideas on the revolutionAnalyzing the effects of the Reign of Terror The Move to RadicalismLouis XVI is still on the throne as a new government is being negotiatedHe agrees to uphold a new constitution that limits his powerFrance is still in chaosGeorges Danton rallies citizens to attack the Kings palace and violence erupts in the streetsJean-Paul Marat emerges as a leader of the people

4The Move to RadicalismJean-Paul Marat urged the poor to violently revolt against the nobilityHes assassinated butHes seen as a martyr for the revolution.

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The Fate of the KingA National Convention is creates a new constitutionThey abolish the monarchy and create the French RepublicFrench is consumed by rival partiesGirondins are more moderate.Jacobins are radicals Former King Louis XVI is executed on January 21st by guillotineNow, the radicals are in control of the government

Jacobisn want the Kings execution after it is discovered that Louis XVI was collaborating with foreigners to halt the revolution.

8A Quick Note:The Guillotine:Embodies Enlightenment ThinkingEquality everyone executed in the same wayScientific ends life quickly without pain

The guillotine was conceived as an egalitarian form of capital punishment, as nobility were commonly decapitated (with several blows) before the revolution and commoners were hanged / burned at the stake / broken on the wheel

The last person guillotined in France was in 1977

9Crises and ResponseUnrest and rebellion across France because some groups dont accept the new govt.Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Britain, and the Dutch Republic all unite against France after the execution of King Louis XVI.Maximilien Robespierre (and the Committee of Public Safety) gains broad power to protect the revolution from all threats.

Crises and Response

We must smother the internal and external enemies of the Republic or perish with it; now in this situation, the first maxim of your policy ought to be to lead the people by reason and the people's enemies by terror.

The Republic of VirtueCommittee of Public Safety tries to reshape French societyLaws established for education and outlaw slaveryDe-Christianization of France with deist principles like the Cult of the Supreme BeingRobespierre wanted it to become the new French ReligionNot successful because of devout French CatholicsThe Reign of Terror (1793-1794)The Committee of Public Safety prosecutes anyone who it suspects is undermining the revolution.Revolutionary Tribunals determine guilt and punishment300,000 arrested40,000 killedMarie Antoinette and Olympe de Gouges both fall victim to the National Razor

Insert DRK Cranes Court Room

The National BathtubAs many as 4,000 are drowned in Nantes after being accused of not supporting the revolution

No, this is a totally reasonable way to voice your disagreementsSome argue that the French revolution set the cause of democracy in Europe back 100 years

End of the TerrorRobespierres terror further intensifies Members of the National Convention, condemn Robespierre before he goes after them tooRobespierre is executed on July 28, 1794, the Jacobins lose power, and the Terror ends.