regional tourism in southern africa transfrontier conservation areas consolidation & industry...
TRANSCRIPT
Regional Tourism in Southern Africa
Transfrontier Conservation Areas Consolidation & Industry Diversification
Structure
Part I Regional TourismPart II Trans Frontier Conservation
Areas
Non RSA perspective
Wouter Schalken
Industry backgroundCommunal tourismGovernmentEnterprises(Protected) area tourism planningProjectsHR
1.Regionalisation of Tourism
o Multi-destination itineraries o Tourism industry in generating markets sources
regional products to reduce costs. o Increasing levels of multi-country ownership of
tour operators and site-specific enterprises.o Transfrontier conservation areas function as
(proposed) tourism hubs.o Regional conservation programmes prescribe
tourism development objectives (compare RETOSA).
o Increased regional mobility of residents.
Regional Tourism
o Visitor Movement
o Market Structureo Industry Characteristicso Enabling Environment
Visitor Movement
o Visitors from the regiono Surplus/Shortfallo Seasonal
Market Structure
Embryonic Marketso low/extremely low visitor numbers o non-existent or poorly resourced tourism
support structures o lack of, or even a negative, destination imageo post conflict states (DRC and Angola)o local districts, provinces, municipal areas and
regions
Market Structure.
Adolescent (growth) marketso growth in tourism arrival numberso growth in number of enterprises and capacities.
o small tourism countries: Mauritius, Seychelleso dependent destinations: Swaziland, Lesothoo new destinations: Madagascar, Malawi,
Tanzania, Zambia
Market Structure..
Mature destinations o long track record of positive tourism
development in arrival numbers o diversified product portfolioo diversified source markets o effective support structures
South Africa, Namibia and Botswana
Market Structure...
RestartZimbabwe holds a unique position in the region as it used to be a well-established, flourishing tourism destination.
Industry Characteristics
o Equal Playerso Up-scaling from a position of
strength (market)o Regional resource access for
national benefitso Employmento Financial movementso Multi-destination travel
controlled for 87% by RSA
Enabling Environment
o MoU <> Agreementso Regulations (employment)o Capacities o Mandate & Controlo Reflection of market situation (visa)
Regionalising Tourism
o Growth Potential (finite attractions)o Stakeholder control (tourism)o Capacities Controlledo Equal players (markets)o Accesso Benefit
o Build on Strength <> Hiding Weaknesso Compete with national policy/strategy
Control
o Psychological Level – perceived experienceo Augmented Level – added valueo Formal Level – destination facilitieso Physical Level – resource base (USP)o Core Level – educate, relax, status
2. TFCA
TFCA
o High Profileo Multi-donoro RSA involvement
o T for Tourism is missingo Level of control
TFCA <> Tourism Market
Inequity in TFCA Linkages
o Mature <> Embryonico Mature <> Dependent
TFCA > Upscaling Challenges
o Local benefitso Industry Controlo Limited diversity/ PAo Different Levels of Developmento Industry value determines the resource
value
TFCA > Upscaling Challenges.
o High-end = My end/Low end = Your endo CBT initiatives to compensate for lack of
local demando Limits of wildlife tourism to create local
tourism demando Limiting national appeal (crafts)
Tourism Value of TFCA
o Clearly defined areao Stakeholderso Internationalo Conservation & Tourism
o Control > elements of regional tourism
FY=xk+1 x ∑(xk + y / (xk)n-1) / 2
Solution
Way Forward
Use TFCA as controlled tourism development initiative?
[1] Market adaptation[2] Market selection[3] Industry diversification[4] Regulatory environment strengthening[5] Mandate clarification
Fanta or Coke?