regional hydrological model selection and data requirementcss.escwa.org.lb/sdpd/1608/17b.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Regional hydrological model selection
and data requirements
Anna Johnell
Activities, Project Document
“This would include preparing a set of criteria for
selecting the two to three hydrological models for
supporting the impact assessment, followed by a
review of existing hydrological models for potential
application at the regional level.”
Selection criteria
The model should be one that can be applied over a range of catchment
sizes from large to global
The model should have been used for water-balance studies
Adequate sophistication to simulate all relevant hydrologic processes,
including arid area processes. In particular interactions between surface
water and groundwater flows, and estimation of evapotranspiration.
Representation should also include the river flow network.
Should be able to output daily values
The minimum input data requirements for the model must be easily
available (data-poor catchment).
The model should be able to use data from various global databases.
The model must be readily and freely available with available
documentation
Hydrological Models
1. ACRU
South African model used in semi-arid areas
Multi-purpose model hydrology, crop yield,
irrigation.
Small to medium sized catchments
2. HBV
Swedish model developed at SMHI
Catchment scale model
3. HEC-HMS
American model
Catchment scale model
Several options for modelling runoff,
baseflow, river flow and meteorology
Hydrological Models
4. HYPE
Swedish model developed at SMHI
Improved water quality routines
Better in using spatial data
5. Mac-PDM
Global model developed in the UK
Simulates runoff on a gridded basis
6. VIC
American model
Large scale catchments
Models on a grid
7. WaterGAP
Global model
Gridbased, uses data from global databases
Coputes withdrawl and consumption of
water
Other Hydrological Models
Nile-DST, Sacramento model
Database
River simulation and management
Agricultural planning
Hydrologic modeling, Sacramento model
Remote sensing, and User-model interface.
Others?
Input data
Precipitation
Temperature
Evaporation
Elevation data (mainly for defining watershed)
Soil type
Land use (special interest could be irrigated areas)
Large lakes, surface area
Rating curves
Dams, reservoirs and its use / regulation
Diversions / bifurcations - that is, if the water takes a different path than the one given by the
topography
Desired data
Groundwater, major aquifers
Lengths of rivers
Flow measurements (almost a requirement)
Water level measurements
Information on soil depth
Etc.
Whist – a tool for
automated creation of
subbasin data
(geophysical inputs)
Uses global
databases, but
improves
with local data
WHIST, World Hydrological Input Set-up
Tool
Nile basin Detail from Nile basin
Global Databases
Topography: Hydrosheds (from USGS)
Lakes: Global Lakes and Wetlands database (GLWD)
Land use: GlobCover Land Cover
Soil: Soil map of the World, UNESCO, 10 km
Local knowledge important!
Hydrological Simulation System
HYSS
Data regarding model set-up e.g.
number of watersheds, areas, soil layers
etc.
Needed observations for the given
timestep
State variables
Variables for model parameters
Time variables
Variables for storage of result
Constants
Specific variables
Hydrological model
Definition of model parameters
Definition of result variables
Sets values for result
Model run for one timestep
Initial values for state variables,
förberedande calculation of parameters
Preliminary Recommendations
Hydrological models (2-3 to be choosen)
1.HBV or HYPE
Used at SMHI
Source code available, can be included in HYSS
2.VIC
Extensive use in many regions
Source code available, can be included in HYSS
3. ??
Input data
Use WHIST and global databases
HYSS to make the hydrological modelling more efficient
Good DATA for calibration IMPORTANT especially river discharge and groundwater!
Thank you for your attention!