REFORM of EARLY 19th Century

Increasing Democracy in America

• The Second Great Awakening

• Americans movement to re-admit God into their daily lives.

• Tent revivals• Charles Finney • Shakers

Education

• Needed to protect the republic-needed educated populace

• Horace Mann- pushed in Mass for free public education

Prison Reform

• Mixing of mentally ill with violent offenders was a problem;treatment and condition

• Dorethea Dix pushes for more humane treatment of mentally ill

Utopian Societies

• Separate from the corrupted current society– Shakers– Brook Farm– Oneida Community

• Usually strict rules, regulations.

Temperance Movement

• Need for controlling alcohol abuse– Pushed for by

women(abused) – Men spending income

on it

• Neal Dow• This would later turn

to Prohibition (elimination of alcohol)

Women’s Rights

• Role in many of the reform movements led to need for greater political rights

• Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott– Seneca Falls Convention– Declaration of Rights similar

to Declaration of Independence

Declaration of Independence

• When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one portion of the family of man to assume among the people of the earth a position different from that which they have hitherto occupied, but one to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes that impel them to such a course.

Seneca Falls VS.

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation

Declaration of Independence• We hold these truths to be

self-evident: that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. Whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of those who suffer from it to refuse allegiance to it, and to insist upon the institution of a new government,

Seneca Falls VS.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it

Susan B. Anthony

• Women’s suffragette- eventually leads to 19th amendment- named for her-women right to vote

Women’s movement

• Important firsts– Mary Lyon

• Opened first school for women.

– Elizabeth Blackwell• First woman doctor

Abolition Movement

• Push to abolish slavery in America

Abolition Movement

• William Lloyd Garrison– The Liberator-

newspaper calling for end of slavery immediately-not a gradualist

The Liberator

• I am aware that many object to the severity of my language; but is there not cause for severity? I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this subject, I do not wish to think, or to speak, or write, with moderation. No! No! Tell a man whose house is on fire to give a moderate alarm; tell him to moderately rescue his wife from the hands of the ravisher; tell the mother to gradually extricate her babe from the fire into which it has fallen; – but urge me not to use moderation in a cause like the present. I am in earnest – I will not equivocate – I will not excuse – I will not retreat a single inch – AND I WILL BE HEARD. The apathy of the people is enough to make every statue leap from its pedestal, and to hasten the resurrection of the dead.

Abolition Movement

• Frederick Douglas– Former slave

calling for end of slavery

– “I am a thief”

Abolition Continued

• Harriet Tubman– Underground Railroad– The Black Moses

Abolition Continued

• Sojourner Truth

If the first woman God ever made was strong enough to turn the world upside down all alone, these women together ought to be able to turn it back , and get it right side up again! And now they is asking to do it, the men better let them

Abolition Continued

• Nat Turner– Slave Rebellion– Scared Southern slave

owners even more about abolitionists

Abolition Continued

• Sarah and Angelina Grimke– Southern sisters

fighting against slavery