referral of proposed action form - department of the ... · 001 referral of proposed action v nov...

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

Referral of proposed action

Project title: Geoscience Australia– Vlaming CO2 3D Seismic Survey, South Perth Basin (Vlaming Sub-Basin).

1 Summary of proposed action

1.1 Short description Geoscience Australia is proposing to acquire approximately 300 km2 of 3D marine seismic in the Vlaming Sub-Basin. The survey will be undertaken with a specialised 3D seismic vessel, over a period of up to 20 days to commence between late February to early March (vessel and weather dependent).

1.2 Latitude and longitude: The co-ordinates:

1 2 3 4

Latitude Longitude -32.12o 115.26 o

-32.34 o 115.63o

-32.46 o 115.58 o

-32.24 o 115.19 o

1.3 Locality and property description The survey will be undertaken in Commonwealth Waters within the Vlaming Sub-Basin in the Indian Ocean to the west of Western Australia (refer Appendix 1). The nearest boundary of the survey area to land is located approximately 31 km SW of Fremantle, 18 km W of Rockingham, and 25 km W of Mandurah. The survey will be conducted in water depths ranging from approximately 30 m to 130 m.

1.4 Size of the development footprint or work area

(hectares)

The Vlaming CO2 3D seismic program will cover an area of approximately 300 km2.

1.5 Street address of the site

Not Applicable

1.6 Lot description Not Applicable

1.7 Local Government Area and Council contact (if known) Not Applicable

1.8 Time frame Seismic acquisition is currently scheduled to occur in the period from Feb 2012 to April 2012 for aperiod of up to 20 days (vessel availability and weather/sea-state dependent).

X No 1.9 Alternatives to proposed action

Yes, you must also complete section 2.2

1.10 Alternative time frames etc X No

001 Referral of proposed action v Nov 10


Yes, you must also complete Section 2.3. For each alternative, location, time frame, or activity identified, you must also complete details in Sections 1.2-1.9, 2.4-2.7 and 3.3 (where relevant).

X No 1.11 State assessment

Yes, you must also complete Section 2.5

X No 1.12 Component of larger action

The seismic acquisition survey is part of Geoscience Australia’sinvestigation into geological storage of Carbon Dioxide. Anyfuture exploration/development activity within the permit areawill be advised through separate referral submissions.

X No 1.13 Related actions/proposals Yes, provide details:

No 1.14 Australian Government funding X Yes, provide details:

The Australian Government has provided Geoscience Australia, which is a Government prescribed agency, funding under the National CO2 Infrastructure Plan for CO2 storage investigations including this and other areas.

X 1.15 Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

No

Yes, you must also complete Section 3.1 (h), 3.2 (e)



2 Detailed description of proposed action 2.1 Description of proposed action Geoscience Australia proposes to acquire approximately 300 km2 of 3-Dimensional (3D) marine seismic data within the area shown in Attachment 1. The targeted area is within the Vlaming Sub-Basin approximately 31 km SW of Fremantle (WA). The seismic survey is scheduled to be undertaken in the period in from late February to April 2012 (vessel and weather dependent) and is expected to take up to 20 days with the precise commencement and completion dates dependent on vessel availability and weather conditions.

The purpose of the survey is to map the subsurface geology of the survey area to identify potential prospective carbon dioxide storage targets. The survey will be conducted with a specialised seismic vessel using acoustic sources to produce acoustic pulses and hydrophone detectors to record reflected impulses. The seismic equipment onboard the vessel will comprise of a dual source array, up to 2200in3 volume, and with an operating pressure of 2000psi; located at approximately 4m-6m water depth, firing at 12.5m intervals generating a pressure pulse wave through the subsea geological layers. Reflected sound waves will be collected in up to eight (8) hydrophone collectors (‘streamers’) of length approx. 6000m, each separated by 150m, towed behind the seismic vessel. The hydrophone cable streamer will be controlled to a depth of approximately 8m below the sea surface and will be gel-filled (solid). The seismic survey vessel will traverse the survey area along defined transects (or seismic lines) in water depths ranging from approximately 30-130m.

The seismic vessel will be accompanied by an escort/support vessel to assist in maintaining a safe distance between the survey array and other vessels. Refuelling of the seismic vessel will occur in port located at Fremantle. The vessel will mobilise from Australian waters.

2.2 Alternatives to taking the proposed action

No feasible alternatives are available to the proposed action. 2.3 Alternative locations, time frames or activities that form part of the referred action

Not Applicable

2.4 Context, planning framework and state/local government requirements

GA will apply for a Greenhouse Gas Research Consent under Part 3.7 of the OPGGS Act 2006 and/or Part 2.9 of the Offshore Petroleum Act 2006 Regulations. A Greenhouse Gas Research Consent authorises the holder to carry on greenhouse gas-related operations in the course of a scientific investigation.

The proposed seismic survey will be undertaken according to the planning and environmental approvals required by the Offshore Petroleum & Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006 associated with its Regulations and Directions. An Environment Plan (EP) is under preparation for the proposed seismic survey activity in accordance with the requirements of the Offshore Petroleum & Greenhouse Gas Storage (Environment) Regulations 2009. The EP, identifying possible environmental impacts, assessing risks and determining control/mitigation measures, will be submitted to NOPSEMA for acceptance prior to the commencement of any activity.

2.5 Environmental impact assessments under Commonwealth, state or territory legislation

Not Applicable. Action will be undertaken in Commonwealth marine areas only.

2.6 Public consultation (including with Indigenous stakeholders)

Consultation with various stakeholders has commenced (see Table 1). This includes fishing stakeholders who operate in the vicinity of seismic survey area (who have been identified through AFMA and Western Australian Fishery Authorities) and government agencies.



This action is not expected to affect indigenous stakeholders.

Table 1: Stakeholders consulted or to be consulted

Commonwealth Government Stakeholders

The Department of Resources, Energy & Tourism Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPAC)

Department of Defence Royal Australian Navy

Australian Fisheries Management Authority Australian Communications and Media Authority

Border Protection Command

State Government Stakeholders

WA Department of Mines and Petroleum WA Department of Transport

WA Department of Fisheries Rottnest Island Authority

Non-Government Organisations

APPEA Western Rock Lobster Council

Perth Game Fishing Club Western Australian Game Fishing Association

Naturaliste Game and Sports Marmion Angling and Aquatic Club

WAFIC RECFISHWEST

Commonwealth Fisheries Association Ocean Watch

Private Sector

Petroleum Exploration Companies (for information as no leases)

2.7 A staged development or component of a larger project The 3D seismic program is not part of a larger project action, however information obtained from the survey will be analysed and may lead to future exploration activities such as further seismic surveys and/or drilling. Any future activity within the permit will be in accordance with the requirements of the OPGGSA and a separate assessment against the requirements of the Environment Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 will be submitted to the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for any subsequent activity.



3 Description of environment and likely impacts

3.1 Matters of national environmental significance 3.1 (a) World Heritage Properties Description There are no World Heritage Properties in, adjacent to or in proximity to the proposed seismic survey area (SEWPC, 2011a). Nature and extent of likely impact

Nil 3.1 (b) National Heritage Places Description There are no National Heritage Places in, adjacent to, or in close proximity to the seismic survey area (SEWPC, 2011a). Nature and extent of likely impact

Nil 3.1 (c) Wetlands of International Importance (declared Ramsar wetlands) Description There are no Wetlands of International Importance adjacent to or in proximity to seismic survey area (SEWPC, 2011a). The closest RAMSAR wetland is the Becher Point Wetlands that is located on the mainland approximately 9 km south of Rockingham, WA (SEWPC, 2011a). Nature and extent of likely impact

Nil 3.1 (d) Listed threatened species and ecological communities

Description

There are no threatened ecological communities identified within or in proximity to the seismic survey area (SEWPC, 2011a).

Fauna of national environmental significance which may be encountered in the survey area are listed in Table 2 based on a search of the SEWPC EPBC Act Online Protected Matters Database (SEWPC, 2011a).

Bird Species

There are 9 species of Albatross and Giant-Petrels and that could transit the seismic survey area. Most albatrosses and giant-petrels spend more than 95% of their time traversing the world's



Southern Oceans in search of prey, and usually only return to land to breed (EA, 2001(a)). Foraging may occur in the area from time to time.

Albatrosses and giant-petrels breed at only six localities under Australian jurisdiction (EA, 2001(a)). These are:

Macquarie Island (including Bishop and Clerk Islets);

Albatross Island;

Pedra Branca;

The Mewstone;

Heard and McDonald Islands; and

Australian Antarctic Territory (Giganteus Island, Hawker Island and the Frazier Islands)

None of these areas are located within the seismic acquisition area with all the above sites thousands of kilometres away from the survey area.

Other species include the Australian Lesser Noddy, Blue Petrel, Soft-plumaged Petrel and Fairy Tern. The Australian Lesser Noddy is usually found only around its breeding islands in the Houtman Abrolhos Islands in Western Australia (i.e. 350 km north of the seismic survey area) but it is also commonly found dead after winter storms along the southwest coast between Yanchep and Dunsborough (SEWPC, 2011b).

The Blue Petrel has been recorded off the Australian coast between East Gippsland in Victoria and the Perth area of Western Australia, but there are few records of it in the Great Australian Bight between Kangaroo Island and Esperance (SEWPC, 2011c).

The Soft-plumaged Petrel is generally found over temperate and sub-Antarctic waters in the South Atlantic, southern Indian and western South Pacific Oceans (SEWPC, 2011d).

The Fairy Tern feeds in inshore waters around island archipelagos and on the Australian mainland. It lays 1-2 eggs in a sand scrape. The subspecies nests in small colonies on coral shingle on continental islands or coral cays, on sandy islands and beaches inside estuaries, and on open sandy beaches (see Garnett and Crowley, 2000).

Bird species are considered to not have a high likelihood of impact due to the nature of the seismic activities, and temporary activity in any one area.

This migratory bird species may overfly and forage within the survey area during the seismic activity.

Sharks

EPBC-listed sharks with a threatened or migratory status with habitat likely in the survey area are:

The Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus), a migratory species listed as vulnerable, is a large pelagic filter feeder found typically in tropical and warm temperate seas (both oceanic and coastal) mainly off Northern Australia. Ningaloo Reef (WA) is the main aggregation area of Whale Sharks in Australian waters (Mar-July), with other seasonal aggregations off Christmas Island (Dec-Jan) and Coral Sea (Nov-Dec) due to seasonal concentrations of krill and other zooplankton, which are a food source for the species (Last and Stevenson, 1994; DEH, 2005a).

Whale Sharks are not known to aggregate in the proposed seismic area and would, at most, transit through the area during the proposed activities.

The Great White Shark (Carcharodon carchararias) is listed as being a vulnerable threatened species as well as a migratory species. Great White Sharks are normally found in inshore waters in



the vicinity of rocky reefs and islands, and often near seal/sea lion colonies particularly during pupping season (October to December) (EA, 2002). There are sea lion haul out areas in the vicinity of the seismic survey area in Western Australia.

The Grey Nurse Shark has a broad inshore distribution, primarily in subtropical to cool temperate waters around the main continental landmasses. Their preferred habitats have sandy-bottomed gutters or rocky caves and are close to inshore rocky reefs or islands (EA, 2002b).

The Porbeagle Shark1 is a wide-ranging, coastal and oceanic shark. Around Australia, porbeagles reach a maximum size of approximately two metres. The porbeagle can be confused with the shortfin mako. In Australian waters, the porbeagle is found off southern Australia from southern Queensland to southern Western Australia.

The Shortfin Mako Shark2 is a wide-ranging oceanic and pelagic shark. The Shortfin Mako is widespread in Australian waters, but is rarely found in water below 16°C.

The Mackerel Shark occurs worldwide in tropical and temperate waters3. In Australia it is recorded from the marine waters of all States, but has not been caught in the Northern Territory. Dietary items include mainly bony fishes and cephalopods. Large individuals over 3 m in length are known to take larger prey such as billfishes and small cetaceans.

Marine Mammals

Cetaceans

EPBC-listed cetaceans with a threatened or migratory status with habitat which may occur in the survey area are:

Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) species undertake extensive migrations between warm water (low latitude) breeding and cold water (high latitude) feeding grounds between latitudes approximately 20oS to 60-70oS. The majority of sightings north of these latitudes are likely to be pygmy Blue Whales (DEH, 2005b). Migratory pathways are widespread and do not follow coastlines or oceanographic features. The species is oceanic but is not restricted to deeper waters. Exact breeding grounds are unknown (Bannister et al., 1996). Key localities in Western Australia include the Perth Canyon west of Rottnest Island and the Dampier Archipelago. Habitat critical to the survival of the Blue Whale is not currently possible to define (DEH, 2005b) but feeding areas around the southern continental shelf, notably the Perth Canyon, in Western Australia between December to April, and the Bonney Upwelling and adjacent upwelling areas of South Australia and Victoria between November – April (DEH, 2005b) are considered significant. The species is also likely to feed opportunistically in areas north of the Perth canyon and along the continental shelf break as far north as the Abrohlos Islands (SEWPC, 2011e). Studies undertaken by McCauley et al. (2004) over the period from summer 1999-2000 to summer 2003-2004 that there was a strong seasonal pattern in the presence of blue whales within the Perth Canyon. Based on this research blue whales can be expected to be present in the Canyon between November and late May, with maximum numbers from mid-February to mid-May. From aerial survey line transect analyses, and allowing for ‘missed’ animals, an average of 30 (95% CI 15 - 58) blue whales are present at the peak season (McCauley, et al., 2004). It was also found that their preferred habitat in the canyon was between 200m-500m water depth and that the whale’s stayed within the Canyon for 2-4 weeks on average (McCauley, et al., 2004). Blue whales species may transit through the survey area during the seismic activity; however the seismic survey area is not considered to contain habitat critical to the survival of the species (i.e. feeding, breeding or aggregation areas).

1 http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/species/sharks/publications/fs-three-sharks/index.html 2 http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/species/sharks/publications/fs-three-sharks/index.html 3 http://australianmuseum.net.au/Shortfin-Mako-Isurus-oxyrinchus-Rafinesque-1810/



The Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) species has been recorded in all states except the Northern Territory. Annual migrations occur between winter warm water breeding grounds (ca 15-20oS) (coastal) and summer colder water (Antarctic) feeding grounds to 60-70oS (pelagic). The WA species forms a distinct southern hemisphere population. Key localities for the species in WA are Cape Naturaliste/Geographe Bay, north of Rottnest Island, Shark Bay, North West Cape (off Dampier Archipelago) and the Kimberley coast islands (Bannister et al., 1996).

Humpback Whales migrate north from Antarctic feeding grounds around May, reaching the waters of the North-west Marine Region in early June. Breeding and calving takes place between mid-August and early September when the southern migration starts. Females with calves are the last to leave the breeding grounds stopping to rest in Exmouth Gulf and Shark Bay (SEWPC, 2011f). They are reported to also rest in Geographe Bay in November.

The Southern Right Whale migrates from Antarctica from about mid-May until September (EA, 2001b). However, there are no aggregation areas near the seismic survey area (DEH, 2005c).

Six other cetacean species, listed as migratory under the EPBC Database with the possibility of encountered in the survey area, include:

The Antarctic Minke Whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) has been recorded in all states except the Northern Territory. Distribution of the species up the west coast of Australia is currently unknown although Antarctic Minke Whales probably do not migrate as far north as Dwarf Minke Whales (to 11° S) (SEWPC, 2011g). Antarctic Minke Whales appear to occupy primarily offshore and pelagic habitats within cold temperate to Antarctic waters between 21° S and 65° S. In the winter breeding grounds, Antarctic Minke Whales appear to occupy pelagic waters exceeding 600 m depth. Mating occurs from June through December, with a peak in August and September (Best 1982; cited in SEWPC, 2011g). Gestation lasts about 10 months and calving peaks occur during late May and early June in warmer waters north of the Antarctic Convergence (ca 50oS). The winter distribution of Antarctic Minke Whales on low latitude breeding grounds is predominately composed of solitary individuals which appear to form groups of up to about five individuals in spring, and return to single swimming in November prior to their south-bound migration (SEWPC, 2011g). It is unlikely that the Antarctic Minke Whale will be present or in proximity to the survey area given their preference for deeper waters and higher latitudes.

The Killer whale (Orcinus Orca) has a distribution from polar to equatorial regions and has been recorded in all Australian with concentrations reported around Tasmania. The species is present in oceanic, pelagic and neritic (relatively shallow waters over the continental shelf) regions in both warm and cold waters, and thought to be more common in cold, deep waters. While more common in cold, deep waters, Killer Whales are most often seen along the continental slope and on the shelf, particularly near seal colonies (SEWPC, 2011h). Literature indicates that this species makes seasonal movements to areas of food supply (Bannister et al., 1996) and probably follow regular migratory routes. No information is available on the migratory pathways for Australian Killer whales (SEWPC, 2011h). Killer whales species may transit through the survey area during the seismic activity, however the permit areas are not considered to contain habitat critical to the survival of the species (i.e. feeding, breeding or aggregation areas).

Bryde's Whales (Balaenoptera edeni) occur in temperate to tropical waters, both oceanic and inshore, bounded by latitudes 40° N and 40° S, or the 20 °C isotherm (Bannister et al., 1996). Bryde's Whales have been recorded from all Australian states except the Northern Territory (Bannister et al., 1996). The coastal from of Bryde's Whale appears to be limited to the 200 m depth isobar, moving along the coast in response to availability of suitable prey (SEWPC, 2011i). The offshore form is found in deeper water (500m to 1000m). This species is likely to be found on the west or east coast of Australia, less often on southern coasts (Bannister et al., 1996). No specific feeding or breeding grounds have been discovered in Australia. The inshore form appears



to be resident in waters containing suitable prey stocks of pelagic shoaling fishes and is quite sedentary, with mating occurring in the autumn/winter timeframe, while the offshore form appears to undergo extensive migrations between subtropical and tropical waters during the winter months. Limited data suggest that this migration may be to allow breeding and calving in lower latitudes (SEWPC, 2011i). Brydes’ whales may transit through the survey area during the seismic activity, however the seismic survey area is not considered to contain habitat critical to the survival of the species (i.e. feeding, breeding or aggregation areas).

The Sperm Whale (Physeter macrocephalus) occurs in deep waters in all oceans and confluent seas from the equator to the edges of the polar pack-ice and has been recorded in all Australian states. Sperm Whales usually live offshore, but may occur close to coasts where water depths exceed 200m, for example off volcanic and oceanic islands (Bannister et al., 1996), and are probably associated with concentrations of major food in areas of upwelling (Bannister et al., 1996). Sperm Whales are most common in submarine canyons at the edges of the continental shelf, but they also occur in mid-ocean. Females and young male Sperm Whales are restricted to warmer waters, generally north of approximately 45° S, while older males travel to and from colder waters and to the edge of the Antarctic pack-ice. Off the Western Australian coast, where the continental shelf slopes less steeply, Sperm Whales appear to be less concentrated close to shelf edge and more widely dispersed offshore (Bannister et al., 1996). In the open ocean, there is a generalized movement of Sperm Whales southwards in summer, and corresponding movement northwards in winter, particularly for males (SEWPC, 2011j).

It is unlikely that the Sperm Whale will be present in the survey area due to the limited water depths (i.e. 100m).

Information on the Pygmy Right Whale (Caperea marginata) is scant and its distribution appears to be limited (SEWPC, 2011k). It is highly unlikely to be encountered during the seismic survey.

Dusky Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscures) occur throughout the Southern hemisphere, mostly in temperate and sub-Antarctic zones. They are primarily found from about 55° to 26°S, with extensions well northwards in association with cold currents (SEWPC, 2011l).

Appropriate measures to limit impacts and control interaction will be adopted during the survey (refer Section 4).

Turtles

EPBC-listed turtles with a threatened and migratory status with habitat which may occur in the survey area are:

The Loggerhead Turtle (Caretta caretta), listed as endangered and migratory, has a global distribution. In Australia, the Loggerhead Turtle occurs in the waters of coral and rocky reefs, seagrass beds and muddy bays throughout eastern, northern and western Australia. Nesting on open sandy beaches is concentrated in southern Queensland and from Shark Bay to the North West Cape with major nesting sites at Dirk Hartog Island, Muiron Island and North West Cape in Western Australia. Loggerhead Turtles in Australia breed from November to March with a peak in late December/early January. When ready for breeding, mature turtles migrate to their chosen breeding area and when breeding and nesting is complete, turtles return to their favoured foraging areas. Foraging areas are more widely distributed. WA stock forages from Shark Bay, through to Arnhem Land, Gove (NT) and into the Java Sea (Indonesia). Loggerhead Turtles choose a wide variety of tidal and sub-tidal habitat as feeding areas and show fidelity to both their foraging and breeding area. Loggerhead Turtles are carnivorous, feeding primarily on benthic invertebrates in habitat ranging from nearshore to 55m (SEWPC, 2011m).

While no turtle nesting areas occur in proximity to the proposed survey area, Loggerhead Turtles may transit (migrate) through the area during seismic activities.



The Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) is listed as vulnerable and migratory. Green Turtles nest, forage and migrate across tropical northern Australia and usually occur near the 20°C isotherm, although individuals can stray into temperate waters. In WA, the key nesting areas are The Dampier Archipelago; Lacepede Islands; The Ningaloo and Jurabi Coasts; Serrurier Island; Thevenard, Barrow, Lowendal and Montebello Islands; Northwest Cape; Exmouth Gulf and Muiron Islands . Moderate numbers of Green Turtles also nest on Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island. Nesting in WA is between November and March, while nesting at Ashmore and Cartier Islands occurs all year with a mid-summer peak. Green Turtles can migrate more than 2600 km between their feeding and nesting grounds. Adult Green Turtles settle in shallow benthic foraging habitats such as tropical tidal and sub-tidal coral and rocky reef habitat or inshore seagrass beds eating predominantly seagrass and algae, and occasionally mangroves, fish egg cases, jellyfish and sponges (SEWPC, 2011n).

While no turtle nesting or feeding areas occur in proximity to the proposed survey area, Green Turtles may transit (migrate) through the area during seismic activities.

The Leatherback Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), listed as endangered and migratory, is a pelagic feeder, found in tropical, subtropical and temperate waters throughout the world. This species is regularly found in the high latitudes of all oceans and has been recorded feeding in the coastal waters of all Australian States. No major nesting areas have been recorded in Australia, although scattered isolated nesting occurs on sandy beaches in southern Queensland, the Northern Territory and northern NSW between December and January. The species ventures close to shore mainly during the nesting season and are capable of diving to several hundred metres. Adults feed mainly on pelagic soft-bodied creatures such as jellyfish and tunicates, occurring in greatest concentrations at sea surface in areas of upwelling or convergence. It is thought that Leatherback Turtles migrate from Australian waters to breed at larger rookeries in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands (SEWPC, 2011o).

The proposed seismic survey area does not lie in proximity to known nesting beaches or areas of aggregation however it is possible that the species may transit the area during seismic activities.

Table 2 – EPBC Listed Threatened and Migratory Species in the Seismic Area (SEWPC, 2011a)

Status:

Likelihood of Occurrence:

LO: Species or species habitat likely to occur in area E: Endangered MO: Species or species habitat may occur within area V: Vulnerable FMO: Foraging/Feeding may occur within area M: Migratory FKO: Foraging/Feeding or related behaviour known to occur in area CD: Conservation Dependent KO: Species or species habitat known to occur in area

CO: Congregation or aggregation known to be in area

Scientific Name Common Name Status Likelihood of Occurrence

Marine Turtles

Caretta Caretta Loggerhead Turtle E,M LO

Chelonia mydas Green Turtle V. M LO

Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Turtle E, M KO

Marine Mammals

Balaenoptera musculus Blue Whale E, M FKO

Eubalaena australis Southern Right Whale E KO

Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback Whale V, M CO



Scientific Name Common Name Status Likelihood of Occurrence

Balaenoptera bonaerensis Antartic Minke Whale M MO

Balaenoptera edeni Bryde’s Whale M MO

Caperea marginata Pygmy Right Whale M MO

Lagenorhynchus obscurus Dusky Dolphins M MO

Physeter macrocephalus Sperm Whale M MO

Orcinus orca Killer Whale M MO

Neophoca cinerea Australian Sea Lion V MO

Sharks

Carcharias taurus Grey Nurse Shark V, M MO

Carcharodon carchararias Great White Shark V, M MO

Rhincodon typus Whale Shark V, M MO

Isurus oxyrinchus Shortfin Mako Shark M LO

Lamna nasus Porbeagle, Mackerel Shark M MO

Marine Birds

Anous tenuirostris malanops Australian Lesser Noddy V MO

Diomedea exulans amsterdamensis

Amsterdam Albatross E,M MO

Diomedea exulans exulans Tristan Albatross E,M FKO

Diomedea exulans gibsoni Gibson’s Albatross V,M MO

Diomedea exulans (sensu lato) Wandering Albatross V,M MO

Haloaena caerulea Blue Petrel V MO

Macronectes giganteus Southern-Giant Petrel E,M MO

Macronectes halli Northern Giant Petrel V,M MO

Pterodroma mollis Soft-plumaged Petrel V MO

Sternula nereis nereis FairyTern (Australian) V KO

Thalassarche carteri Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross V,M KO

Thalassarche cauta cauta Shy Albatross V,M MO

Thalassarche melanophris Black-Browed Albatross V,M MO

Thalassarche chlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross V,M FKO

Haliaeetus leucogaster White-bellied Sea-Eagle M LO



Nature and extent of likely impact

Seismic survey activities are unlikely to have a significant effect on any listed threatened given the control measures to be adopted during the seismic activities (refer Section 4).

Seismic-related activities and associated possible impacts include the following:

High intensity sound discharges from seismic energy sources with possible behavioural or physical damage to marine fauna; and

Physical presence of marine vessel and possible collision/damage to marine mammals.

High Intensity Sound Discharges

Marine seismic surveys involve the discharge of compressed air to create noise pulses that are reflected-back from sub-sea geological structures and recorded by receivers towed behind the seismic vessel. High intensity noise discharges from seismic surveys are considered to be the most likely petroleum activity to impact marine ecosystems (NOO, 2001). Impacts to marine fauna vary with seismic discharge intensity, distance from source and species type.

Seismic survey sounds are of high energy and low frequency (APPEA, 2006) typically, for arrays, dominant frequencies are less than 200Hz with maximum sound intensities 230-255dBA re 1µPa @ 1m from the source (APPEA, 2006). As comparison, background ambient marine noise within this frequency band ranges from 80-120dBA and ship sound can measure 200dBA in the frequency range 10-100Hz (close to hull) (APPEA, 2006). The intensity of sound drops rapidly with increasing distance. Depending on local conditions, seismic noise can be reduced to background intensity within a few tens of kilometres (APPEA, 2006).

Received levels of underwater sound have been modelled for a specified seismic source at seven locations in the proposed survey area by the Centre of Marine Science and Technology at Curtin University of Technology (Maggi and Duncan, 2011). The modelled area spanned two distinct geo-acoustic environments: the shallow-water environment of the continental shelf at, and inshore of, the proposed survey area; and the deep-water, off-shelf environment, including the Perth Canyon, to its northwest. Correspondingly, acoustic propagation was modelled for two nominally representative seabeds. The conclusions were that:

Sound propagation from the near-shore survey boundary to the regions of interest at Warnbro Sound is not strongly attenuated due to relatively low bathymetry gradients and proximity of the source. Sound Exposure Levels (SEL) values up to 120-125 dB re 1µPa2s are modelled within some designated areas and up to 150-155dB re 1µPa2s at the 20 m depth contour just offshore of these areas; and

SEL values of around 120-125dB re 1µPa2s are modelled at depth at the head of the Perth Canyon with somewhat higher levels at water depths between 500 and 700m. Long range propagation into deep water is apparent from all transmission points along those azimuths for which the bathymetry profile is able to most efficiently guide acoustic energy into the deep sound channel. Maximum SEL at ranges of 100km from the source are up to 115-120dB re 1µPa2s. The nearest location to the Perth Canyon is shown below in Figure 1 below.



Figure 1: Maximum received sound exposure level at any depth, SELmax (r,θ) at Location Point Tx1

Cetaceans

Toothed cetaceans (sperm whale, beaked whales, and dolphins) produce echo clicks that have the highest source levels of any recorded marine mammal sound ranging from 220-230dB re 1µPa-m at frequencies between 10-100kHz (DoIR, 2007). Most toothed whale social sounds are well above the low frequency range where marine seismic is concentrated (NOO, 2001). Little information is available regarding toothed cetacean reaction to seismic noise. Smaller toothed cetaceans have poor hearing in the low frequency range of airgun noise (10-300Hz) and so may be able to approach seismic vessels closely without adverse behavioural or pathological effects (McCauley, 1994).

Baleen whales (Blue and Humpback) are considered the most sensitive of the marine mammals to seismic



arrays due to their use of low-frequency signals (range: 12Hz-8kHz but predominantly <1kHz) for communication (McCauley, 1994). Their low frequency hearing capability is believed to overlap the energy output of the seismic and the potential for disturbance in Baleen species is considered higher than that for toothed whales (DOIR, 2007).

Cetacean behavioural responses to seismic include (SCAR, 2002):

A startled response when a resting/slow moving whale rapidly moves away from the seismic source or changes surface-dive-respiration behaviour;

Avoidance by a course/speed change to maintain a minimum buffer distance to the seismic source (@140-180dB re1µPa sound level contour);

Swimming directly to the source up to a stand-off point (observed @ >3km); and

Changes to call patterns. It has been observed that cetacean avoidance behaviour to differing sound levels depends on their activity at the time. Studies indicate that cetaceans are less responsive when migrating or feeding than when suckling, resting or socialising (SCAR, 2002). Little is known about the sound levels at which hearing damage or physical injury occurs, however auditory damage is believed to occur at noise levels of approximately 230-240dBA within 1-2m of the energy source (Gausland, 2000).

It is recognised that Baleen whales must contend with the highest sound level produced by other whales (192dB re 1µPa) while singing or breaching. For an industry array, produced sound levels above this level have been measured out to 1.4km abeam of the vessel. The most likely scenario for an injury to a cetacean would be if the equipment where turned on full with the mammal close to it (SCAR, 2002).

Studies undertaken by McCauley, et. al., (2004) over the period from summer 1999-2000 to summer 2003-2004 showed that there was a strong seasonal pattern in the presence of blue whales within the Perth Canyon. Based on this research blue whales can be expected to be present in the Canyon between November and late May, with maximum numbers from mid-February to mid-May. From aerial survey line transect analyses, and allowing for ‘missed’ animals, an average of 30 (95% CI 15 - 58) blue whales are present at the peak season (McCauley, et al., 2004). It was also found that their preferred habitat in the canyon was between 200m-500m water depth and that the individual cetaceans stayed within the canyon for 2-4 weeks on average (McCauley, et al., 2004).

Blue whales species may transit through the survey area during the seismic activity, however the seismic survey area is not considered to contain habitat critical to the survival of the species (i.e. feeding, breeding or aggregation areas).

The nearest cetacean breeding area for Humpback Whales is located in the far north of WA. A resting area is located south of the planned seismic activity area in Geographe Bay. The planned timing of the survey will occur outside the migratory period between May and November. Other migratory species, may however transit through the survey area during the survey period.

The seismic survey will adopt measures detailed in the EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1-Interaction Between Offshore Seismic Exploration and Whales (DEWHA, 2008) and as a result of the adopted interaction controls together with the cetaceans ability to avoid seismic noise, it is highly unlikely that cetaceans will be exposed to levels likely to cause pathological damage (McCauley, 1994) or likely to cause significant behavioural impact to the species.

Turtles

Turtle hearing is most sensitive in the frequency range of 100 – 700Hz, which overlaps with the sound frequencies produced by seismic air guns (DoIR, 2007). Thus, it is likely that turtles would be able to hear seismic activities for a considerable distance from the source of the shots, and would experience some disturbance. Studies indicate that sea turtles begin to show behavioural responses to an approaching air-gun array at 166dB re 1µPa and avoidance around 175dB re 1µPa (LGL, 2003). From measurements of a vessel operating a typical airgun array (2678in3, 12 elements) in 100-120m of water, sound levels would create behavioural changes at approximately 2km and avoidance at 1km (LGL, 2003).



Studies (LGL, 2003) indicate that sea turtles may experience a temporary threshold shift in hearing at 30-65m from an air gun source. In circumstances where arrays were operating, it is expected that individual turtles would undertake avoidance measures before ‘physical damage’ to hearing occurs. In circumstances where seismic arrays are already operational, affected turtles would be expected to undertake avoidance measures before entering ranges that caused physical damage. The greatest potential for disturbance is likely to occur when surveys are run over mating grounds, across migratory routes or if the surveys are carried out for protracted periods (DoIR 2007). There are no nesting beaches near the survey area. The nearest are located in the far north of WA. While turtles may transit through the survey area, the survey area does not cross any known migratory routes, mating grounds or aggregation areas. Additionally the survey will only last for a period of approximately 20 days. The adoption of soft start ramp-up procedures at the commencement of seismic will also initiate avoidance behavior in Turtle species. Given the adoption of these management measures no significant impacts to turtles are likely.

Sharks and Fish

Fish are considered to have good low frequency hearing and so are likely to be able to hear seismic shots for up to several kilometres from the source. Disturbance to fish is thought to cease at noise levels below 180dBA re 1µPa (DoIR, 2007). Studies indicate the following response of fish to nearby air gun operations (McCauley et al., 2000):

Startled responses to short range startup or high level air gun signals;

A lessening of severity of startled response through time (habituation);

Movement away from the source of noise;

Tendencies in some trials for faster swimming and formation of tight groups correlating with periods of high air gun exposure returning to normal behaviour some 14-30 minutes after air gun operations cease;

No significant physiological stress increase could be attributed to air gun exposure; and

For constrained fish, some preliminary evidence of damage to hearing systems of fish in the form of ablated and damaged hair cells.

The effects of seismic surveys on fish are generally observed to be transitory except at close range. No lethal effects have been observed for adult fish, crustaceans or shellfish exposed to seismic arrays (McCauley, 1994), however above an air gun level of 171dB re 1µPa, there was a rapid increase in displacement of fish hearing systems suggesting that associated behavioural responses and susceptibility to mechanical damage will increase accordingly.

The nature and extent of behavioural changes will vary according to the species involved with evidence indicating that for some fish species seismic is no more than a nuisance factor (McCauley, 1994). The impact of seismic on fish stocks is considered as localised and transitory with the displacement of fish insignificant at a population level (NOO, 2001).

Note that sharks are less likely to be affected by airgun discharges than other fish as they lack a swim-bladder. Fish without a swim bladder are less sensitive to seismic activity than fish with a swim bladder (NERI, 2000).

Pinnipeds (Sea Lions)

The Shoalwater Islands Marine Park with its nearest boundary some 8.5 km East of the survey area has a number of haul out areas.

The Shoalwater Islands Marine Management Plan (DEC, 2006) states that:



These sites are used almost exclusively by mature and juvenile males during the non-breeding season, with Seal and Carnac islands being the primary sites in the Perth metropolitan area;

There are no breeding colonies within the marine park as females are mostly restricted to the breeding islands in the Jurien Bay region, the Houtman Abrolhos and off the south coast.

Australian sea lions have a unique breeding cycle which occurs approximately every 18 months. For approximately six months out of every 18, the males migrate north to islands off the Midwest coast to breed with the resident females.

After this, the males return to the islands off the metropolitan coast for approximately 12 months. It is thought that this spatial separation of the population may occur to relieve pressures on the limited food resources for females and pups

Measurements of underwater hearing sensitivity of pinnipeds have been made for 9 of 33 species, with most studies involving just one or two trained individuals (Reichmuth and Southall, 2011).

It is not known what the hearing thresholds are of this species of pinnipeds. However for seals it is expected that the low frequency nature of seismic will fall outside of the seal’s hearing sensitivity range, and they may be able to approach seismic vessels at close range, but that extensive studies have not been undertaken (McCauley, 1994). Harris et. al. (2001) observed that seals in the Beaufort Sea during seismic activities did not move much beyond 250m for a full array seismic survey. It is expected that soft-start procedures and the gradual vessel approach will allow pinnipeds to avoid the vessel thus reducing their potential risk. The MMO’s will record any seals being present during the daylight hours of the seismic and note their behaviour.

Due to the very short duration of the survey, implementation of the DEWHA Seismic Interaction with Whale Policy Guidelines (2008) acoustic disturbance will be controlled such that the risk is not considered environmentally significant.

Little Penguins

Little Penguins are found in the Shoalwater Islands Marine Reserve on Penguin Island which is about 10km from the nearest boundary of the seismic survey area. The little penguin is the only penguin species that breeds on the Australian mainland4 . Little penguins are found along the southern coasts of Australia, from near Perth in Western Australia to around Coffs Harbour in northern NSW. They also occur in New Zealand. Originally, little penguins were fairly common on the Australian mainland, but these days their colonies are generally restricted to offshore islands.

Little penguins feed on small fish, squid and krill (tiny shrimp-like crustaceans). They mainly feed in shallow waters within 15 to 20km off the coast. They hunt near the surface for fish such as pilchards, anchovies and garfish. They can also quickly dive to the sea floor to feast on squid and krill.

Little is known about their hearing underwater. From the hearing thresholds for birds it can only be assumed that these penguins have relatively poor hearing thresholds in the lower frequencies, where the seismic sources have the most energy (10-300Hz) (McCauley The MMO’s will record any little penguins being present during the daylight hours of the seismic survey and note their behaviour.

Krill and Planktonic Larvae

Seismic impact on krill is not known and is assumed to be similar to crustaceans (NOO, 2001). Studies have shown that larvae, which cannot remove themselves from the area, can be fatally affected in the area immediately adjacent to the noise source (McCauley, 1994). The impact to larvae is considered low when compared with total population size and natural mortality rates for eggs and larvae.

The physical presence of the vessel



The seismic vessel will not be anchoring whilst performing the seismic survey (except in emergency situations) and therefore will not impact on the surrounding seabed environment and benthic communities. During periods of non-seismic activity, proximity distances as detailed in the Australian National Guidelines for Whale and Dolphin Watching (DEH, 2006) will be observed. Marine species (particularly cetaceans) if present will also practice avoidance behaviour due to vessel noise (NOO, 2001). In the unlikely situation of cetacean impact from vessel collision, individuals may be affected however it will not affect species at a population level.

3.1 (e) Listed migratory species Description Migratory species are included in Section 3.1(d) above. Nature and extent of likely impact

As per Section 3.1(d) above. 3.1 (f) Commonwealth marine area (If the action is in the Commonwealth marine area, complete 3.2(c) instead. This section is for actions taken outside the Commonwealth marine area that may have impacts on that area.) Description The seismic survey will be undertaken in Commonwealth Marine Waters. Nature and extent of likely impact

Refer to Section 3.2 c) 3.1 (g) Commonwealth land (If the action is on Commonwealth land, complete 3.2(d) instead. This section is for actions taken outside Commonwealth land that may have impacts on that land.) Description This action will not be undertaken on, nor will it impact on, Commonwealth land.



3.1 (h) The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Description The action will not be undertaken in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Nature and extent of likely impact

Nil

3.2 Nuclear actions, actions taken by the Commonwealth (or Commonwealth agency), actions taken in a Commonwealth marine area, actions taken on Commonwealth land, or actions taken in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

X No Is the proposed action a nuclear action?

Yes (provide details below)

If yes, nature and extent of likely impact on the whole environment

3.2 (a)

No Is the proposed action to be taken by the Commonwealth or a Commonwealth agency? X Yes (provide details below)

If yes, nature and extent of likely impact on the whole environment

3.2 (b)

See 3.2 (c)

No Is the proposed action to be taken in a Commonwealth marine area? X Yes (provide details below)

3.2 (c)

If yes, nature and extent of likely impact on the whole environment (in addition to 3.1(f)) Seismic-related activities and associated possible impacts to the Commonwealth Marine Area include the following:

Physical presence of vessel and possible collision/damage with other vessels;

Routine vessel waste discharges resulting in altered water quality;

Ballast water discharges or biofouling resulting in the introduction of exotic marine organisms; and

Hydrocarbon and/or chemical spills resulting in contamination of the commonwealth marine environment and marine fauna.

The physical presence of the vessel

The seismic vessel has the potential to present an interference hazard to commercial shipping however with adopted maritime safety controls and operating practices and notices to mariners this risk is minimised. An escort vessel will also be available to assist with possible vessel interactions.



The fishing industry may also be affected with the additional potential for damage to fishing equipment however, with close liaison, consultation and planning, impacts on fishing activities in the area will be minimized to a level which is as low as practicable.

Ballast water/Biofouling

Ballast water has the potential to introduce exotic marine pests. If the seismic vessel mobilises to the seismic area directly from international ports ballasting will be in accordance with the AQIS Ballast Water Management Procedures (AQIS, 2008). The vessel will be assessed for biofouling risk prior to its entry into Australian waters in accordance with the Australian Biofouling Management Guidelines (Commonwealth of Australia, 2009). Identified actions to minimise biofouling risks will be implemented prior to mobilisation. On this basis, invasive species introduction from biofouling will not significantly impact on the seismic survey area.

Oil spills

The highest risk of hydrocarbon spillage during seismic activities is attributable to small spills of diesel during marine bunkering operations (spill volume <1m3). The seismic vessel will have documented bunkering procedures for fuel transfer operation in port.

Diesel spills associated with grounding or collision events are considered very unlikely to occur given the survey area is located in moderately deep water (30-130m). The vessel will operate in accordance with all maritime safety standards; navigation equipment will monitor for potential collision threats

Spills of diesel in area conditions (i.e. high sea temperature) will readily evaporate and disperse within the marine environment (i.e. in order of days). Given the distance to sensitive locations and the limited volume which might be released, impacts on these sensitive environmental locations is considered very unlikely and impacts to the Commonwealth marine environment temporary and not significant.

No hydrocarbon should be released from seismic streamers during seismic operations. The seismic vessel uses a “solid streamer” as opposed to previous streamers which were kerosene-filled (to maintain buoyancy). Use of this streamer type eliminates the risk of hydrocarbon spills/leaks.

Various Waste Streams

The treatment and/or discharge of various liquid waste streams (sewage, putrescible waste, oily water discharges) will be in accordance with MARPOL 73/78 Annex requirements. Solid, inert waste items which are combustible may be incinerated on-board. Non-combustible solid materials shall be securely stored onboard the vessel and returned to shore for disposal. Hazardous wastes (including waste oils) will be segregated and stored in sealed containers and transferred to shore for disposal in accordance with regulatory requirements.

Given the temporary and small-scale nature of the program; and the level of treatment and equipment (monitoring and shutdown) on these waste streams, the risk associated with the waste discharge is considered low and not environmentally significant to the Commonwealth marine environment. Refer to Section 4 for controls to be adopted during the seismic program to minimise/ eliminate possible impacts.

X No Is the proposed action to be taken on Commonwealth land? Yes (provide details below)

3.2 (d)

If yes, nature and extent of likely impact on the whole environment (in addition to 3.1(g))



X No Is the proposed action to be taken in the

Great Barrier Reef Marine Park? Yes (provide details below)

3.2 (e)

If yes, nature and extent of likely impact on the whole environment (in addition to 3.1(h))

3.3 Other important features of the environment 3.3 (a) Flora and fauna The seismic survey area is part of the broad south west marine region which comprises Commonwealth waters and seabed from the eastern end of Kangaroo Island, South Australia, to 70 km offshore from Shark Bay, Western Australia (SEWPC, 2011p).

The South‐west Marine Region is generally characterised by:

Low levels of nutrients and high species biodiversity, including a large number of endemic species.

The flora and fauna of the region are a blend of tropical, subtropical and temperate species. Temperate species dominate the southern and eastern parts of the region, while tropical

species become progressively more common towards the north of the region adjacent to Australia’s west coast.

About 360 species of fishes have been recorded in the waters of the surrounding area. 3.3 (b) Hydrology, including water flows The seismic survey area falls within the Leeuwin Naturaliste Meso-scale region. The IMCRA Technical Group (1998) summarised it oceanographic features as follows:

Clear waters; A cool northward current flows near shore along the coast in early summer; Warm southward-flowing Leeuwin Current reaching the shore during late summer, and winter

in some years; Waters on the west side of Cape Naturaliste may be several degrees warmer than that in

Geographe Bay; A diurnal tide with its range less than 1m; and A high energy coast exposed to heavy wave action driven by the West Wind Belt.

In particular the Leeuwin Current has three main influences on the south-west region (Richardson, et al., 2011):

Suppressing upwelling and therefore contributing to the low productivity of the region, and

consequently the relatively small fisheries on the west coast; Maintaining warm-water communities much further south than they would normally occur—

for example, corals and coral reef fish as far south as Rottnest Island; Driving inter-annual variability in settlement of western rock lobster, which is a significant

component of benthic communities on the west coast and a valuable fishery species.



3.3 (c) Soil and Vegetation characteristics The seismic survey area is on the continental shelf in that part known as the Rottnest Shelf. Richardson et al. (2005), in a review of the literature on the geomorphology and sedimentology in this region found that:

Sediments form a thin (<1m) veneer overlying Pleistocene limestone with the inner shelf consisting of wave-rippled sand and localised algal hard grounds in nearshore regions. Algal hard grounds and rhodolith pavements occur on offshore ridges on the inner shelf margin. Extensive areas of bioturbated fine sand occur on the outer shelf (Collins, 1988 cited in Richardson, 2005 ); and

Along the Rottnest Shelf, macroalgae occurs frequently on rocky substrates in areas down to

50 m water depth (James et al., 1999 cited in Richardson, 2005). Southern Australian forms such as Ecklonia and Sargassum are common, with infrequent tropical macroalgal species occurring at Rottnest Island. Tropical species at southern latitudes are inferred to reflect the influence of the Leeuwin Current. Green calcareous algae such as Halimeda occur frequently on the shelf and ramp (James et al., 1999, cited in Richardson, 2005).

3.3 (d) Outstanding natural features There are no outstanding natural features within the survey area. However, its nearest boundary is located approximately 20-22km from the 500m contour of the Perth Canyon. 3.3 (e) Remnant native vegetation Not relevant to the Commonwealth marine environment. 3.3 (f) Gradient (or depth range if action is to be taken in a marine area) The water depth ranges from 30m-130m. 3.3 (g) Current state of the environment The water quality in the Commonwealth marine environment is of a good quality. Anthropogenic uses include fishing, shipping, previous oil and gas activities etc. 3.3 (h) Commonwealth Heritage Places or other places recognised as having heritage values No Commonwealth Heritage Places lie in proximity to the survey area (SEWPC, 2011a). Review of the National Shipwreck Database (SEPC, 2011p) indicated that no shipwrecks were within the survey area. 3.3 (i) Indigenous heritage values Not applicable to this location. 3.3 (j) Other important or unique values of the environment To the east of the seismic survey area is the Shoalwater Islands Marine Park which is located in state waters. The boundary of this marine area is approximately 8.5km from the nearest boundary of the seismic survey area. The park covers an area of approximately 6,545 hectares and contains the



waters of Shoalwater Bay, Warnbro Sound and a part of Cockburn Sound off Cape Peron. Key features of this area include:

Sixteen species of seabirds use the islands for breeding, nesting, feeding and roosting. Little penguins breed in burrows on Penguin Island. There are also breeding colonies within the marine park of silver gulls, fairy terns, bridled terns and Caspian terns. Crested terns are commonly seen, but don't usually breed on the islands;

A colony of Australian sea lions haul out on Seal Island for most of the year and often fish and swim in nearby waters; and

Extensive areas of the sea floor are dominated by seagrass. These areas are important in the

life cycle of many fish, since they provide a nursery habitat for juveniles of an array of fish. The seagrass beds also help stabilise the sandy floor.

Part of the seismic survey area falls within the proposed Perth Canyon Commonwealth Marine Reserve5 which is designated multiple-use (See Appendix 2). 3.3 (k) Tenure of the action area (eg freehold, leasehold) Not Applicable 3.3 (l) Existing land/marine uses of area

The proposed seismic survey area is situated offshore south of the Perth metropolitan area. Activities include the following:

Commercial Fisheries

Commercial fishing activities operating in the survey area vary in scale from small Indonesian boats to large trawlers. Commercial fishery management areas are present in the survey area including:

Commonwealth6

Small Pelagic Fishery;

Western Tuna and Bill Fish Fishery;

Western Skipjack Tuna Fishery; and

Southern Bluefin Tuna Fishery.

State7

West Coast Rock Lobster Fishery;

South West Trawl Fishery (Scallops and Prawns);

West Coast Purse Seine Fishery (Pilchards); and

West Coast Demersal Scalefish Fishery.

Consultation with the fishing industry will be undertaken through the WA fishing industry peak bodies, and where identified by the WA fishing industry peak bodies, with a particular company, before any seismic activities commence to ensure any impacts are minimised to a level which is as low as reasonably practicable.



Commercial Shipping

The Port of Fremantle is about 28km to the north east of the planned survey area. In the 2010-11 period visiting ships numbered 1,9788. Vessels generally enter/exit the port on the northern side of Rottnest Island. The other commercial port is located about 95km SE of the seismic survey area at the Port of Bunbury. In 2010-11 this port had 414 commercial vessel visits9.

Oil and Gas Exploration

Oil and gas exploration has occurred in the Vlaming Sub-Basin over many decades. Five of the 17 exploration wells drilled in the basin recovered oil/and or gas shows (e.g. Tuart 1, Gage Roads 2, Araucaria 1). Current permit holders will be consulted prior to any activities commencing. However, there are no current exploration permits.

Carbon Capture and Storage

In 2009 the Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism released CO2 storage acreage blocks Vlam-1 and Vlam-2 as part of its greenhouse gas storage assessment process. The planned seismic survey overlaps a portion of Vlam-2.

Submarine Cables

Three (3) submarine are charted10 along the sea bed in an approximate east west orientation. Certain regulatory limits are applied to the pressure (sound) waves such cables can be exposed to. Geoscience Australia has consulted ACMA and they do not own the three cables and are only concerned with the Perth sub-marine cable exclusion zone which is north of the survey area.

Consultations with the Department of Defence have identified no issues with the survey and the three identified submarine cables.

Defence

The naval base, HMAS Stirling, is located on the Cockburn Sound side of Garden Island which is located 11km NE of the nearest part of the seismic survey area.

Other

Recreational boating, sailing, diving and fishing may also occur in the area.

3.3 (m) Any proposed land/marine uses of area There are no further activities proposed for this area at this time. Further exploration activities will be subject to the findings of the seismic survey.



4 Measures to avoid or reduce impacts

An Environment Plan is under preparation for submission to the National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA) who will be the assessment body.

The EP will assess seismic activities for their potential environmental impact and identify control measures to be implemented during the program to minimise risks to the environment to a level which is as low as reasonably practicable. This also includes socio-economic considerations such as consultation/communication strategies with other marine user groups (fishermen and commercial vessels) to minimise impacts. Specific measures to be adopted to avoid/reduce environmental impacts are provided in Table 2.

Table 2 – Measures to Minimise Seismic Survey Impacts

Activity Potential Environmental Effect Management Approach

Displacement and interference to other Marine Users (commercial shipping and fishing, recreational uses)

Consultation with other Marine Users to identify and mitigate possible impacts.

Notice of Mobilisation and Notice to Mariners to all affected marine users.

Support vessel available to identify and prevent interference with other marine users.

Dropped objects or streamers retrieved. Identification of Shipping lanes.

Collision with other vessels and or grounding with potential oil spill impacts to marine environment

Vessel equipped with navigation aids and crew competent in maintaining 24hr visual, radio and radar watch for other vessels.

Notice to Mariners Issued. Vessel operating under approved Shipboard Oil

Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP) which has been tested and implemented.

Competent crew to required maritime safety standards.

Support vessel available to identify and avert possible marine hazard.

Identification of Shipping lanes.

Collision with Marine Fauna (outside seismic activities)

Adherence to proximity distances in the Guidelines for Whale Watching (DEH, 2006).

Light-spill with potential to interfere with marine fauna and birds

Lighting in accordance with navigational/workplace safety (i.e. not powerful ice-lights).

Seismic activities undertaken for duration (20 days).

Physical Presence of Vessel

Anchoring Impacts to benthic fauna

Anchoring only undertaken in emergency situations. Seabed habitat is sandy/silty which can be readily

recolonised by adjacent benthic organisms. Area impacted is very localised.

Acoustic Noise Physiological impacts and disruption to marine fauna behaviour

Adoption of ‘standard’ management control measures detailed in the EPBC Policy Statement 2.1 – Interaction between offshore seismic exploration and whales (DEWHA, 2008). This includes the following: o Visual observation for cetaceans as part of pre-



Potential Environmental Activity Management Approach Effect start procedures and during seismic activities.

o Use of ‘Soft start’ procedure. o Delay Procedures and power-down procedures

based on fauna presence within observation zone (3km), low power zone (2km) and shut down zone (500m).

Crew Awareness Training and Induction (including APPEA CD).

Two Marine Mammal Observer (MMO) will also be engaged for the seismic program.

Cetacean sightings recorded and reported. All sightings to be treated as whales until confirmed

by MMO. Survey timing undertaken outside of known

migration windows (Humpback).

Vessel Oily water discharges with potential for impacts to marine water quality

All oily water discharge in accordance with MARPOL Annex I requirements: Oily water separator to treat and monitoring oil-

in-water content to <15ppm. Shut-in if exceeded.

Oily water equipment approved and regularly inspected and maintained.

Oily residues contained for onshore treatment and disposal.

Small volume discharged in highly dispersive environment.

High standard of housekeeping on vessel. Spill cleanup materials available and located in close

proximity to spill sources. Deck bunding (temporary or permanent) provided

for areas/activities within increased risk of spill. MSDSs available for all chemicals used on vessel.

Vessel grey water/sewage discharges with potential for impacts to marine water quality

All sewage and grey water discharged in accordance with MARPOL Annex IV requirements including approved equipment:

o Sewage treatment plant approved and routinely inspected/maintained.

o Biodegradable detergents used Small volumes discharged in dispersive

environment. Discharge in accordance with the requirements of

the Protection of the Sea (Prevention of Pollution by Ships) Act 1983.

Marine Environment Discharges

Vessel putrescible waste discharges with potential for impacts to marine water quality

All waste disposal in accordance with the Garbage Management Plan required under MARPOL Annex V.

Maceration to particle size <25mm prior to discharge.

Macerator routinely inspected and maintained. Small discharge in a highly dispersive environment.



Potential Environmental Activity Management Approach Effect Discharge in accordance with the requirements of

the Protection of the Sea (Prevention of Pollution by Ships) Act 1983.

Survey/Vessel solid waste/hazardous waste disposal with potential for degradation of the marine environment

All waste disposal in accordance with the Garbage Management Plan required under MARPOL Annex V.

Waste minimisation practiced. ‘No waste overboard’ Policy. Environmental induction for all personnel on survey

vessel. Limited chemicals stored onboard vessel. Wastes segregated as follows:

o Solid Waste: Containerised and transported to shore for onshore disposal in accordance with landfill requirements unless material is incinerated in onboard incinerator;

o Hazardous Waste: Containerised, labelled and stored in dedicated vessel compound for onshore disposal in accordance with prescribed disposal requirements.

o Oils/Grease: Containerised/returned to shore.

Ballast water discharges or Biofouling with potential to introduce exotic species

Vessels locally sourced where possible. Adopt AQIS Ballast Water Management

requirements prior to entry into Australian waters. Vessel assessed for biofouling risk and

recommendations implemented prior to entry to Australian Waters.

Marine Environment Discharges

Atmospheric emissions with potential to impact on visual amenity and contribute to Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Engines maintained at optimum efficiency to minimise emissions.

Diesel usage monitored. Highly dispersive offshore air environment.

Fuel or Chemical spill

Potential toxic impacts on marine water quality and marine fauna

Refuelling undertaken in port in accordance with approved bunkering procedures.

Chemical storage areas contained. Personnel trained in chemical handling and spill

risks. Spill cleanup equipment available. Vessel operating under approved Shipboard Oil

Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP) - tested and implemented.

High house-keeping standards on-board and sorbent materials available to cleanup deck spills.

‘Solid’ streamer type employed in seismic activities.



5 Conclusion on the likelihood of significant impacts

5.1 Do you THINK your proposed action is a controlled action?

X No, complete section 5.2

Yes, complete section 5.3

5.2 Proposed action IS NOT a controlled action.

A comparison to the EPBC Act Administrative Guidelines on Significance (DEWHA, 2009) indicates that the proposed seismic activity does not represent a significant impact to Threatened Species for the following reasons:

It is not likely to lead to a long-term decrease in the size of a species population; It will not reduce the area of occupancy of a species population; It will not cause fragmentation of an existing population into two or more populations; it will not adversely affect habitat critical to the survival of a species; It will not cause disruption to the breeding cycle of a species population; It will not modify, destroy, remove, isolate or decrease the availability or quality of habitat to the

extent that a species is likely to decline; It is not likely to result in the introduction of invasive species harmful to a threatened species by

becoming established in the threatened species habitat; It is not likely to introduce a disease that may cause the species to decline; or It is not likely to interfere substantially with the recovery of the species. Migratory species such as cetaceans will not have their lifecycle (breeding, feeding, migration, or resting behaviour) seriously disrupted. There may be some minor localised avoidance behaviour due to seismic activities (McCauley, 1994) however the action is not likely to: Substantially modify, destroy or isolate an area of important habitat for a migratory species; Result in an invasive species harmful to a migratory species becoming established in an area of

important habitat for migratory species; or Seriously disrupt the lifecycle of an ecologically significant proportion of migratory species. Environmental impacts on the commonwealth marine environment are not expected to be significant for the following reasons: The action is not likely to result in a pest species becoming established in a marine area; The activity will not modify, destroy, fragment, isolate or disturb an important area of habitat

such that the functioning of the marine ecosystem suffers from adverse impacts; The activity is not likely to have adverse impacts on marine species or cetaceans during their

lifecycle or impact on their spatial distribution; The activity will not substantially change air quality or water quality which may impact on

biodiversity, ecological integrity, social amenity or human health; The activity is not likely to result in persistent organic chemicals, heavy metals or other harmful

chemicals accumulating in the marine environment such that biodiversity, ecological integrity and human health may be adversely affected; and

The activity will not have an adverse impact on heritage values of the Commonwealth marine area including damage to or destruction of a historic shipwreck



5.3 Proposed action IS a controlled action Matters likely to be impacted

World Heritage values (sections 12 and 15A)

National Heritage places (sections 15B and 15C)

Wetlands of international importance (sections 16 and 17B)

Listed threatened species and communities (sections 18 and 18A)

Listed migratory species (sections 20 and 20A)

Protection of the environment from nuclear actions (sections 21 and 22A)

Commonwealth marine environment (sections 23 and 24A)

Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (sections 24B and 24C)

Protection of the environment from actions involving Commonwealth land (sections 26 and 27A)

Protection of the environment from Commonwealth actions (section 28)

Commonwealth Heritage places overseas (sections 27B and 27C)



6 Environmental record of the responsible party Yes No 6.1 Does the party taking the action have a satisfactory record of responsible

environmental management?

Provide details Geoscience Australia is a prescribed Commonwealth agency currently within the Resources, Energy and Tourism portfolio. Its role is to provide geo-scientific information and knowledge which enables government and community to make informed decisions about:

Exploitation of resources; Management of the environment; Safety of critical infrastructure; and Resultant wellbeing of all Australians.

The outcome of this work is an enhanced potential for the Australian community to obtain economic, social and environmental benefits through the application of first class research and information. Activities cover onshore, offshore and spatial information. Our offshore activities focus on providing pre-competitive data and information to assist in identifying new prospective basins for petroleum exploration, and the geological storage of carbon dioxide, in Australia's offshore jurisdiction. Activities also include mapping and documentation of Australia's maritime boundaries, studies of the marine environment using seabed mapping techniques and determining estuarine water quality and health. These studies assist natural resource management. Spatial information activities focus on providing key spatial information of Australia with an emphasis on response to rapid and slow onset hazards, the detection of change, emergency management requirements, natural risk assessment and marine zone management. Activities also include coordinating the implementation of the Australian Government's policy on spatial data access and pricing. Geoscience Australia has conducted numerous marine studies in Australia’s offshore jurisdictions, including seismic surveys over the years. Further information on the Agency can be found at: http://www.ga.gov.au/index.html

Yes

6.2 Has either (a) the party proposing to take the action, or (b) if a permit has been applied for in relation to the action, the person making the application - ever been subject to any proceedings under a Commonwealth, State or Territory law for the protection of the environment or the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources?

NO


http://www.ga.gov.au/index.html


If yes, provide details

6.3 If the party taking the action is a corporation, will the action be taken in accordance with the corporation’s environmental policy and planning framework?

If yes, provide details of environmental policy and planning framework

N/A

6.4 Has the party taking the action previously referred an action under the EPBC Act, or been responsible for undertaking an action referred under the EPBC Act?

Provide name of proposal and EPBC reference number (if known) Reference Number Title of referral

2011/6067 Geoscience Australia/Exploration (mineral, oil and gas - marine)/Waters offshore from Geraldton/WA/North Perth Marine Survey

2010/5517 Geoscience Australia/Science and research/Van Diemen Rise west of Bathurst Island Timor Sea/Commonwealth Marine/Joseph Boneparte Gulf Seabed mapping survey

2009/4951 Geoscience Australia/Science and research/Bonaparte Gulf/Commonwealth Marine/Bonaparte Basin Seabed Mapping Survey

2008/4493 Geoscience Australia/Science and research/Mentelle, Perth, Northern and Southern Carnarvon Basins andWallaby Plateau regions offshore WA/Commonwealth Marine/2D seismic survey

2008/4466 Geoscience Australia/Science and research/Wallaby Plateau, Perth Basin, Southern and Northern Carnarvon Basins/Commonwealth Marine/Marine reconnaissance survey

2007/3636 Geoscience Australia/Exploration (mineral, oil and

gas - marine)/Tasman Sea/Commonwealth Marine/Faust-Capel Basins and Gifford Guyot Seismic Survey

2007/3390 Geoscience Australia/Science and research/West Island/Cocos Keeling Island/Infrasound Monitoring Station

2007/3301 Geoscience Australia/Science and research/Lord Howe Island/NSW/Seismic Station

2006/3137 Geoscience Australia/Science and research/Great Australian Bight/Commonwealth Marine/Bight Basin Geological Survey

2006/3026 Geoscience Australia/Science, research and investigations/Commonwealth Marine/NSW/Continental slope research

YES


http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/epbc/epbc_ap.pl?name=current_referral_detail&proposal_id=6067


































2006/2844 Geoscience Australia/Exploration (mineral, oil, gas)/Capel and Faust Basin/Commonwealth Marine/Seismic Data Survey for GA Oil Exploration Program, Capel and Faust Basins (700km East of Brisbane)

2005/2069 Geoscience Australia/Science, research and investigations/Indian Ocean/Commonwealth Marine/Geo-science Investigations

2005/2004 Geoscience Australia/Science, research and investigations/Arafura Sea/Commonwealth Marine/Geo-scientific survey

2004/1700 Geoscience Australia/Exploration (mineral, oil, gas)/Offshore/WA/Seismic Survey, Bremer Basin, Mentelle Basin and Zeewyck Sub-basin

2002/613 Geoscience Australia/Science, research and investigations/Shannon National Park/WA/CTBT Infrasound Monitoring Station

2001/424 AGSO Geoscience Australia/Other/Bucklands Military Training Area/TAS/Infrasound Monitoring Station (ISO5)























7 Information sources and attachments (For the information provided above)

7.1 References APPEA, 2006, Seismic and the Marine Environment downloaded on 20/09/08 at http://appea.com.au Australian Quarantine Inspection Service (AQIS) (2008) – Australian Ballast Water Management Requirements, Version 4 2008 downloaded on 4th October 2011 at http://www.daff.gov.au/aqis/avm/vessels/shipping-advice-notices/02-08/notice-0308 Bannister, J.L., Kemper, C.M. and Warneke, R.M., 1996, The Action Plan For Australian Cetaceans, Environment Australia. Commonwealth of Australia, 2009 – National Biofouling Management Guidance to the Petroleum Production and Exploration Industry downloaded on 26th December 2009 at http://www.marinepests.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/1120131/Biofouling_guidance_petroleum.pdf Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC), 2006, Shoalwater Islands Marine Park Management Plan, 2007-2017, Management Plan Number 58. Perth, WA.

DEH, 2005a – Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Recovery Plan 2005-2010, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, downloaded on 28th Sept 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/r-typus/

DEH, 2005b – Blue, Fin and Sei Whale Recovery Plan 2005-2010, downloaded on 29th Sept 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/balaenoptera-sp/pubs/balaenoptera-sp.pdf DEH, 2005c- Southern Right Whale Recovery Plan: 2005 – 2010, downloaded on 29th Sept 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/e-australis/pubs/e-australis.pdf DEH, 2006 Australian National Guidelines for Whale and Dolphin Watching accessed on 21st November 2009 at http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/publications/whale-watching-guidelines-2005.html

DEWHA, 2008, EPBC Act Policy Statement 2.1- Interaction between offshore seismic exploration and whales, May, downloaded on 1st November 2008, at http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/publications/seismic/pubs/seismic-whales.pdf

Department of Industry and Resources (DOIR) 2007 – Petroleum Guidelines for minimising acoustic disturbance to marine fauna downloaded on 08/12/2011 from http://www.dmp.wa.gov.au/documents/ED_Pet_GL_MinAcousticDisturbanceMarineFauna_Jan07.pdf

Environment Australia, 2001(a), National Recovery Plan for Albatrosses and Giant-petrels, Wildlife Scientific Advice, Natural Heritage Division, October.

Environment Australia, 2002(a), White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias) Recovery Plan, Canberra, ACT, July.

Environment Australia, 2002(b), Recovery Plan for the Grey Nurse Shark (Carcharias taurus) in Australia, Canberra, Act, June.


http://appea.com.au/

http://www.marinepests.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/1120131/Biofouling_guidance_petroleum.pdf

http://www.marinepests.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/1120131/Biofouling_guidance_petroleum.pdf

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/r-typus/

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/balaenoptera-sp/pubs/balaenoptera-sp.pdf

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/balaenoptera-sp/pubs/balaenoptera-sp.pdf

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/e-australis/pubs/e-australis.pdf

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/e-australis/pubs/e-australis.pdf

http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/publications/whale-watching-guidelines-2005.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/publications/whale-watching-guidelines-2005.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/publications/seismic/pubs/seismic-whales.pdf


Garnett, S and Crowley, G.M.,The Action Plan for Australian Birds, Environment Australia, 2000

Gausland, I. (2000) – Impacts of seismic surveys on marine life. SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production

Geoscience Australia (GA), 2011 – AMSIS Database downloaded on 3rd August 2011 at http://www.ga.gov.au/imf-amsis2/?accept_agreement=on

Harris, R.E., Miller, G.W. and Richardson, W.J., 2001, Seal Responses to airgun sounds during summer seismic surveys in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea, in Marine Mammal Science, Vol 17, Issue 4, pp 795-812, October, 2001.

Interim Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia, 1998, An ecosystem classification for marine and coastal environments, Version 3.3, IMCRA Technical Group - Environment Australia for the Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, Canberra.

Last, P.R, and Stevens, J.D. 1994 – Sharks and Rays of Australia, CSIRO, Australia

LGL Ltd., 2003, Environmental Assessment of Marine Seismic Testing Conducted by the R/V Maurice Ewing in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, May – June 2003 downloaded on 28th October 2008 at http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/pdfs/permits/ldeo_gom.ea.pdf

Maggi, A.L., and Duncan, A.J., 2011, Sound exposure level modeling for the Vlaming Basin 3D seismic survey, Project: CMST 1025, Report C2011-68, Curtin University of Technology, Prepared for: Enquest Pty Ltd on behalf of Geoscience Australia.

McCauley, R.D., 1994, Seismic Surveys in Environmental Implications of Offshore oil and Gas Development in Australia- The Findings of an Independent Review, Swan, J.M., Neff, J.M., and Young, P.C.,(Eds), Australian Exploration Association, Sydney, pp.19-121.

McCauley, R.D, Fewtrell, J., Duncan, A.J., Jenner, C., Jenner, M-N., Penrose, J.D., Prince, R.I.T., Adhitya, A., Murdoch, J., and McCabe, K., 2000, Marine Seismic Surveys- A Study of Environmental Implications, APPEA Journal, pp 692-708.

McCauley, R., Bannister, J, Burton, C., Jenner, C., Rennie, S. and, Kent, C. S., 2004, Western Australian Exercise Area, Blue Whale Project, Final Summary Report: Milestone 6, Prepared for Australian Defence, CMST Report R2004-29, Project – 350, October.

National Environmental Research Institute (NERI) (2000) – Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment of Regional Offshore Seismic Surveys in Greenland, Ministry of Environment and Energy available at http://www.bmp.gl/petroleum/NERI%20Rapport%20132_sec_dmu.pdf

National Oceans Office, 2001, South East Regional Marine Plan: Impacts on the Natural System, Chapter 4- Impacts of Petroleum, October 2001.

National Oceans Office (NOO) (2004) – Non-fishery uses in Australian Marine Jurisdiction (Shipping), A www publication accessed on http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mbp/publications/pubs/nat-atlas6.pdf in February 2007.

Reichmuth, C., and Southall, B.L., Underwater hearing in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus): Expansion and interpretation of existing data, Accessed on 22nd October, 2011 at http://www.pinnipedlab.org/publications/pub_146_2011.pdf

Richardson, L., Mathews, E., and Heap, A., 2005, Geomorphology and Sedimentology of the South Western Planning Area of Australia: Review and synthesis of relevant literature in support of Regional Marine Planning, Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT.


http://www.ga.gov.au/imf-amsis2/?accept_agreement=on

http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/pdfs/permits/ldeo_gom.ea.pdf

http://www.bmp.gl/petroleum/NERI%20Rapport%20132_sec_dmu.pdf

http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mbp/publications/pubs/nat-atlas6.pdf%20in%20February%202007

http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mbp/publications/pubs/nat-atlas6.pdf%20in%20February%202007


SCAR Adhoc Work Group, 2002, Impacts of Marine Acoustic Technology on the Antarctic Environment Accessed on 22nd September, 2008 at http://www.geoscience.scar.org/geophysics/acoustics_1_2.pdf SEWPC, 2011a – EPBC Act Protected Matters Report, generated on 20th Sept 2011 from www.environment.gov.au SEWPC, 2011b- SPRAT Database Australian Lesser Noddy downloaded on 3rd October 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=26000 SEWPC, 2011c, SPRAT Database Blue Petrel downloaded on 3rd October 2011 at, http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=1059 SEWPC, 2011d, SPRAT Database Soft- plumaged Petrel http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=1036 SEWPC, 2011e – SPRAT Database Blue Whale downloaded on 2nd August 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=36 SEWPC, 2011f – SPRAT Database Humpback Whale downloaded on 2nd August 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=38 SEWPC, 2011g– SPRART Database Antarctic Minke Whale downloaded on 2nd August 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=67812 SEWPC, 2011h – SPRAT Database Killer Whale downloaded on 2nd August 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=46 SEWPC, 2011i – SPRAT Database Brydes Whale downloaded on 2nd October 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=35 SEWPC, 2011j – SPRAT Database Sperm Whale downloaded on 2nd October at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=59 SEWPC, 2011k- SPRAT Database Caperea marginata — Pygmy Right Whale downloaded on the 4th October, 2011, http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=39 SEWPC, 2011l – SPRAT Database Lagenorhynchus obscurus — Dusky Dolphin downloaded on the 4th October, 2011, http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=43 SEWPC, 2011m – SPRAT Database Loggerhead Turtle downloaded on 3rd October at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=1763 SEWPC, 2011n – SPRAT Database Green Turtle downloaded on 3rd October, 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=1765 SEWPC, 2011o – SPRAT Database for Leatherback Turtle downloaded on 3rd October 2011 at http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=1768 SEWPC, 2011p, Draft South-west Marine Bioregional Plan, Canberra, ACT


http://www.geoscience.scar.org/geophysics/acoustics_1_2.pdf

http://www.environment.gov.au/

http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=26000













7.2 Reliability and date of information Data presented is contained in Government maintained Databases and peer-reviewed scientific journals,

7.3 Attachments

attached Title of attachment(s) You must attach

figures, maps or aerial photographs showing the project locality (section 1)

figures, maps or aerial photographs showing the location of the project in respect to any matters of national environmental significance or important features of the environments (section 3)

If relevant, attach

copies of any state or local government approvals and consent conditions (section 2.5)

copies of any completed assessments to meet state or local government approvals and outcomes of public consultations, if available (section 2.6)

copies of any flora and fauna investigations and surveys (section 3)

technical reports relevant to the assessment of impacts on protected matters that support the arguments and conclusions in the referral (section 3 and 4)

report(s) on any public consultations undertaken, including with Indigenous stakeholders (section 3)



Attachment1: Location Map




Appendix 2: Seismic survey area relative to marine reserves

referral of proposed action form - department of the ... · 001 referral of proposed action v nov...

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