Referencing using

Harvard(the name and date system)

When do you need to reference?

Why reference?When do you need to give a

reference?

What information is included in a reference?

Two useful videos:http://lncn.eu/iwy4http://lncn.eu/cmu7

Why reference?

Prevents the accusation of plagiarism Gives credibility to your work Courtesy to the person whose ideas

you have referred to Allows the reader to locate the

sources you used Shows that you have researched an

area

When do you need to give a reference?

Direct quotes

When you paraphrase or summarise

Source of a theory, argument, viewpoint etc.

Specific information - statistics, case studies etc.

Whenever you use a source of information

Name of the author or editor Title Year of publication Books - give name of publisher Books - give location of publisher Books - give edition (if not the first edition) Journal articles – give the name of the journal and the

number of the volume/issue/part Electronic material - webpage address and when

you accessed it

What sort of information is

included in a reference?

Two parts:

1. When you quote, paraphrase or summarise -

place in the text basic details of the source (author, date and page number)

2. Provide a Reference List at the end of the your assignment (arranged in alphabetical order) containing full publication details

Harvard referencing

Give the author, year of publication and page number in brackets:

It has been stated that the use of colour in painting is “arbitrary and unreal” (Batchelor, 2000, p. 52).

Unless you put the author’s name in the sentence - then only put the year and page number in the brackets:

1. Citing references within the text

Batchelor (2000, p. 52) states that the use of colour in painting is “arbitrary and unreal”.

Two authors, give both names:

The long-standing debates about the nature of colour are continued by Herringbone and Samuel (1985, p.11), who make the point that…..

More than two authors, cite the surname of the first author followed by ‘et al.’:

It has been shown by Rattigan et al. (1989, p.67) that colour… No obvious personal author, cite the corporate body or

the title of the work:

Other commentators, such as The Times, agree that the Turner Prize is over-hyped (2004, p.32).

1. Citing references within the text

Quotingless than one line:

use quotation marks keep the quotation within the text

…the use of colour is “arbitrary and unreal” (Batchelor, 2000, p.52). The long-standing debates about the nature of colour are…

more than one line: do not use quotation marks start the quotation on a new line

and indent it

After 1945 colour increasinglybecame the reason for painting:

Colour is dangerous. It is a drug, a loss of consciousness, a kind of blindness - at least for a moment. (Batchelor, 2000, p. 51).

Another way of exploring colourwas expressed in Pop Art, which…

2. Listing sources in a reference list

and/or bibliography

2. Reference List

Always at the end of your assignment

Arranged in alphabetical order by author’s surname

Provide the full publication details of everything you havecited within your assignment

Take the publication details from the title page of the publication

Do not include any page numbers (other than the page ranges of chapters from edited books and journal articles)

Your department guidelines may ask for:Reference List only: Provide a Reference List which only has the

resources you referred to in your assignment

Reference List and Bibliography: Include a Reference List as above: Followed by a Bibliography which has all the

references from the reference list and everything else relevant you have looked at for the assignment (but haven’t referred to)

2. Reference List / Bibliography

Reference list Batchelor, D. (2000) Chromophobia. London: Reaktion. Stoner, J.P. (1999) Colour in painting. In: Mirzoeff, N. (ed.) An Introduction to Visual Culture. London: Routledge, pp. 89-121.

BibliographyBatchelor, D. (2000) Chromophobia. London: Reaktion.Guner, F. (2004) Billy Childish: we are all phonies. Modern Painters, 17 (1), pp.104-106.Stoner, J.P. (1999) Colour in painting. In: Mirzoeff, N. (ed.) An Introduction to Visual Culture. London: Routledge, pp. 89-121.

Examples

Stone, R. (2009) Modern Law of Contract. 8th ed. London: Cavendish.

Books

author

year of publication title

edition publisherplace of publication

Freeland, C. (2004) Piercing to our inaccessible, inmost parts: the sublime work of Bill Viola. In: Townsend, C. (ed.) The art of Bill Viola. London: Thames & Hudson, pp. 24-45.

A chapter from an edited book

publisher

author

year of publicationtitle of chapter

editor’s name

title of book

page range

location of publisher

Bellini, A. (2005) New York tales: reflections in a glass curtain. Flash Art, 38 (240), pp. 104-106.

Journal article

author

year of publication title of

article

title of journal

(part/issue)

volumepage range

BBC News UK (2011) Government takes first step towards Asbo abolition. [online] Available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12378755 [Accessed: 7 February 2011].

Website

author

year title

Accessed: date you accessed it

web address

Refer to the author, the year published and the page within the text of your assignment

At the end of your text, in your Reference List, give the full publication details of all the works

you’ve referred to

Check your department’s guidelines about a Reference List and/or Bibliography

Summary

Write down the details WHEN YOU FIND THE ARTICLE/BOOK etc.

Use RefWorksBibliographic management tool - automatically generates

citations and reference lists for your assignments Available on the Library page of the PortalYou will need to register the first time you use it

How do I keep track?

Attend a workshop on RefWorks -

RefWorks: the basics

You MUST follow the guidelines of your academic department

Ask your tutor if you are uncertain Record the details as you go along either

on paper or using RefWorks Take the information from the work itself Be consistent

…and finally