Redistricting in Wisconsin

Presentation to theWisconsin Land Information Association Conference

February 16, 2012

Sarah Kemp, ResearcherUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonPhone: 608-256-6781Email: kemp@wisc.edu

Redistricting in Wisconsin• Summary of the State Population

• Review of Redistricting History

• Research Question

• Data and Methodology

• Results

• Future Research

Total Population for the State of Wisconsin by Race/Ethnicity

Number Percent Number Percent Number PercentTotal Population 5,363,675 100.0% 5,686,986 100.0% 323,311 6.0%Race/EthnicityOne race 5,296,780 98.8% 5,582,669 98.2% 285,889 5.4% Non-Hispanic White 4,769,857 88.9% 4,902,067 86.2% 132,210 2.8% African American 304,460 5.7% 359,148 6.3% 54,688 18.0% American Indian 47,228 0.9% 54,526 1.0% 7,298 15.5% Asian 88,763 1.7% 129,234 2.3% 40,471 45.6% Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 192,921 3.6% 336,056 5.9% 143,135 74.2%

2000 2010 2000 to 2010 Change

The percentage of non-Hispanic white decreased while the percentage of all other race/ethnic groups increased from 2000 to 2010.

All race/ethnic population groups increased from 2000 to 2010.

Non-Hispanic white population increased the least (3%) while Hispanic population increased the most (74%).

RedistrictingRedistricting prior to 2011State Statutes (1980s) - Reflect a good faith effort to apportion the legislature giving due consideration to the maintenance of the integrity of political subdivisions and of communities of interest. [4.001(3)]

Assembly and Senate districts were determined by the courts and not the legislature in the 1990s and 2000s.

Summer of 2011Act 39 (August 8, 2011) Local Redistricting - Wards and Supervisory Districts

Act 43 (August 23, 2011) Redistricting of Senate and Assembly Districts

RedistrictingAct 39 Section 5.15 (1) (a) 2. indicates that wards are to be created in such a way that aldermanic and supervisory districts can be created allowing enhanced participation by members of racial or language minority groups.

Act 43 created the 2011 assembly and senate districts and repealed the language regarding communities of interest.

2001 Blocks Wards Legislative Districts

2011 Blocks Legislative Districts Wards

Research Question

How does the concentration of racially and ethnically distinct groups within Wisconsin’s legislative districts compare between 2001 and 2011?

Data• Census Block data, 2000 and 2010• Assembly District data, 2002 and 2011

Methodology• ArcGIS

Percent Population (over 18 years old) by Race/Ethnicity

Non-Hispanic White

African American Hispanic Asian

Native American

Non-Hispanic White 94.0% 18.2% 26.2% 27.2% 14.9%African American 1.6% 73.7% 7.5% 9.6% 0.1%Hispanic 2.1% 4.5% 61.1% 6.5% 1.7%Asian 1.3% 2.1% 2.6% 54.1% 0.0%Native American 0.7% 0.6% 1.7% 0.9% 82.9%Total 99.8% 99.0% 99.1% 98.3% 99.6%

Non-Hispanic White

African American Hispanic Asian

Native American

Non-Hispanic White 91.5% 15.6% 23.0% 24.1% 13.4%African American 2.1% 75.0% 9.2% 11.6% 0.3%Hispanic 3.3% 5.1% 63.7% 5.3% 2.4%Asian 2.0% 2.8% 2.3% 57.3% 0.1%Native American 0.8% 0.6% 1.4% 0.8% 83.4%Total 99.8% 99.1% 99.6% 99.0% 99.7%

Majority Race/Ethnicity, 2000

Majority Race/Ethnicity, 2010

Non-Hispanic White African American Hispanic Asian Native American0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Majority Race/Ethnicity, 2000

Non-Hispanic White

African American

Hispanic

Asian

Native American

Race/Ethnicity Majority Population

Perc

ent P

opul

ation

By Census Block

Non-Hispanic White African American Hispanic Asian Native American0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Majority Race/Ethnicity, 2010

Non-Hispanic White

African American

Hispanic

Asian

Native American

Race/Ethnicity Majority Population

Perc

ent P

opul

ation

By Census Block

2000 Minority Population (over 18) by Census Block

2010 Minority Population (over 18) by Census Block

Results

African American Hispanic Asian

Native American

Non-Hispanic White 18.3% 26.5% 28.6% 14.9%African American 74.4% 7.6% 10.1% 0.1%Hispanic 4.6% 61.6% 3.3% 1.7%Asian 2.1% 2.6% 57.0% 0.0%Native American 0.6% 1.7% 0.9% 83.3%District Count 64 77 79 47

African American Hispanic Asian

Native American

Non-Hispanic White 15.7% 23.1% 24.3% 13.5%African American 75.7% 9.2% 11.7% 0.3%Hispanic 5.1% 64.0% 5.3% 2.4%Asian 2.8% 2.3% 57.8% 0.1%Native American 0.6% 1.4% 0.8% 98.5%District Count 93 94 92 74

Majority Minority Population by Assembly District, 2000

Majority Minority Populaton by Assembly District, 2010

Results

2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 201010 10 8 8 77 77 36 3616 16 9 9 18 11 74 7417 18 61 66 78 18 5 8711 17 64 47 85 16 34 518 11 88 65 81 98 92 6

African American Hispanic Asian Native American

Top 5 Assembly Districts with Greatest Population Totals

Findings• Percent minority population increased while percent non-Hispanic white

population decreased from 2000 to 2010.

• Persons of color appear to be more dispersed throughout the State of Wisconsin from 2000 to 2010.

• Percent population (over 18) of majority minority population has increased for African American, Hispanic and native American populations within assembly districts.

• Asian American percent population (over 18) remained the same within assembly districts.

Future Research

• Evaluate population in assembly districts with a higher concentration of minority populations.

• Compare 2000 & 2010 minority population by local wards.

• Compare 2010 population by 2001 assembly districts to 2000 population by 2001 assembly districts.

THANK YOU !

Sarah KempApplied Population Laboratory

University of Wisconsin-Madison608-256-6781

kemp@wisc.edu