redating the hebrew exodus to 1551 b.c

8/9/2019 Redating the Hebrew Exodus to 1551 B.C.

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Redating the Hebrew Exodus from

Egypt to 1551 B.C.

Confirming the data through the Patristic use of the Greeks, and their cited

histories.

Introduction:

In regard to those who are pushing a mythological view of the Bible rather thanhistory.

History has shown us that there are always those with flights of wild fancy, whowould rather chase dreams of mythology, or make story-telling an art forthemselves. We call them actors, and hypocrites, and other such historical names.

These are set about for amusement for the masses, until they take themselves andtheir flights of fancy too seriously.

If we investigate the origin of how myths cameabout with the Greeks, and we can through the

literary history of Patristics, then we can alsoseparate mythology from history in other ancientsocieties beside the Greeks. The Patristics help us in that regardtoward understanding ancient Egypts actual ancient history to some degree aswell.


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Dating From Christ ... back to Homer

There appears to be a certainty among the ancients that Christ was crucifiedin the second year of the 192nd Olympiad. By examining the Greek histories

dealing with the Olympics, and historical markers along the way, we can

more deeply appreciate the freshness and vitality of the history of the NewTestament, and of Christ. Further, we find, that from the Greeks themselves,they have family ties to Egypt through the Hyksos; the Syrians whooppressed the Jews as Egyptians (cf. Isaiah 52:4); and that the Romans are

themselves, de facto Greek cousins, and co-descendants of these same

Hyksos.

The reckoning of ancient histories outside the Bible is often a task of trying

to complete a puzzle that is not clear to many ancient historians themselves.

It is easier to attack the Bible, rather than to hold the same thoughtfulconsideration in reconstructing facts through the historical dative methods,

et al.

To this day, there is hostility to biblical history spoken by those closest to

the events.

The Church Fathers utilized the Greeks own histories against them. I have

found that they could often do so successfully -- as long as they refrained tothe reckoning within the first two millennia B.C. To the untrained eye, at thefirst, the numbers reckoning the years appear quite wild; but to the trainedeye, knowing the use of Greek means of reckoning in the period in which the

debate takes place, it is within the confinement of reasonability in a pre-calculator society.

The inability to understand ancient Greek history with certainty prior to

Alexander the Great, may be summed up in this way: The greatest difficulty

lies with the Greek historians themselves, who were often wildly at variance

with one another in their reckonings. And it is true, that when you havevariances and debates of up to 420 or even 500 years difference among the

Greek historians themselves, you have to really find whom the more reliable

and non-speculative source data might be.

This search is exacerbated by modern academic hypocrisy when it comes to

acceptance of ancient testimonies in regard to non-biblical history versus

biblical history. Non-biblically related Greek and Roman histories are oftenaccepted almost without question as if Gospel, and Gospel is scorned asfable or myth-making. Virtue is pooh-poohed upon 1100 and 1200 yearseverances between oldest manuscripts extant and its Greek and Roman

original authors, with no chain of custody accountability in between. In


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contrast, the New Testament has over 24,000 more manuscripts extant,

with portions to within a generation (30 - 40 years) of one of its authors,

John the Apostle; and within two or three generations from others. Yet, theNew Testament is attacked relentlessly.

In the case of the study of the chronologies of the ancient Greeks, the besthandle of some of the wild variances their ancient historians gave for whodid what, and when, -- in reference to the ages prior to the Olympiads, --appears to have been grasped by early Church Fathers: Theophilus, Julius

Africanus, Clement of Alexandria.

Julius Africanus tells us,

Up to the time of the Olympiads there is no certain history among the

Greeks, all things before that date being confused, and in no way consistent

with each other.But these Olympiads were thoroughly investigated (hekribonto) by many, as

the Greeks made up the records of their history

-- not according to long spaces, but

-- in periods of 4 years.

(Julius Africanus, fragment extant 13.1)

Even with the noteworthy Galilean Israelite, Josephus, there is a chronic

margin of error and inconsistency that plagues his formulation andcalculations as well.

Therefore, if we can place our calculations within a generation of the actual

events, using Greek reckoning of how they arrived at such calculations, weare to consider ourselves within their own margin of error.

The following formula is probably as close as we can get in trying to

establish what calculations the ancient Patristic writers and Josephus used.

The Formula

1) The Greeks who existed before Cyrus I conquering Babylon in

circa 539 B.C., reckoned their years upon a 10-month or ca. 305-day

calendar (Theophilus to Autolycus, 3.27). This was probably due toglacier recession on the European continent altering consistent seasonal

reckonings.

Using the example of how the Hebraic 480 years of I Kings 6:1 is tabulated:-- Pre-539 B.C., against a 10-month calendar of about 305 days. Hence,equal to Josephus' tabulation of 592 years in Antiquities, 8.3.1., according to

what he calls as a "Macedonian" Greek calendar.


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This is a fraction of about .8106 - .8108 of a now observed calendar year of

365.25 days. In other words, for every 81 years we have, they would havereckoned 100 years in their calculations in the pre-539 B.C. period.

2) It was with Cyrus I in Babylon, that the Greeks reckoned a 48-month cycle for each Olympiad in place of the 40-month cycle (JuliasAfricanus, Fragment 13 -.3). --Post-539 B.C., we are to calculate againsta 12-month calendar.

3) According to Herodotus, by his era, the Greek calendar became reckonedas 12 months of 30 days, with every other year being given an extra inter-

calculated month of 30 days -- Year 1 being 360 days, and Year 2 being 390

days, and then repeating itself thereafter (Herodotus, Histories, 1.33).

-- From 539 B.C. to 46 B.C., the average Macedonian / Greek year appearsto have become tabulated on average of 375 days long: being 360 days 1

year, then 390 the next. So this era of 46-539 B.C. is the point of the

greatest trouble in calculating actual years in Greek reckonings.

4) In 46 B.C., the Greeks adopted the standard Roman or Julian calendar of365 days. In that particular year, adjustments were made, and 46 B.C

appears to have been 445 days long.

5) The Olympiads were suspended during the Peloponnesian Wars, thusthere lies a possibility of adding a 13-year addendum to any reckoningexclusively by Olympiads. My personal calculations, taking all data into

advisement, point to a loss of 2 Olympiads, or another 8 years of commonreckoning, during this period.

Inter-calulatory era:

As covered above, we are gaining time in our inter-calculatory period before

the standard Roman calendar, and the auto-implementation of a 360-dayPersian calendar. This adds one full year of inter-calculation between 46 B.C.

and 539 B.C., for every 61 years that we must reckon within the confines of

these years only. In short, a total of 8 years become now as variable. There

appears to be a lack of consistent solar and lunar adjustments to the annualcycles, so that one Olympic might occur in summer, another in springtime,

and yet another in winter; and still be true to their calendars.

It is questionable as to whether this variable is to be factored-in by thePatristic fathers - who must inter-calculate the Greek historical example theycite. If, however, we take the hypothetical example that the Greek reverts to

the Macedonian calendar in 336 B.C.; after Herodotus histories -- we then


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find the reversion to the 10-month year of about 305 days. This will be the

Macedonian influence of Philip and Alexander upon Greece, and the process

(as respecting Greek calendar reckoning), thus reverts to the pre-Cyrianinter-calculation of times for only 336 B.C. to 46 B.C. This too, without the

aid of the modern convenience of a calculator, led to some discrepancies in

citing the same calculation in different years in different letters orapologetics.

The art of comparative dative analysis is much like the sifting of modern

intelligence data. While in the process of determining exegetical accuracy,

you can commit isogetical errors quite easily. The solution is to find a factualhistorical bane by which you can pinpoint and say, Here. This year and

event we know. Now, do the historians mention that point in time we know,

and what are his calculations from that point in time?

Julius Africanus tells us,

Cyrus became king of the Persians at the time of the 55th Olympiad,

as may be ascertained from the Bibliothecoe of Diodorus, and the

histories of Thallus and Castor, and from Polybius and Phlegon,and others beside these, who have made the Olympiads a subject of

study. For the date is a matter of agreement among them all.

And Cyrus then, in the first year of his reign, which was the first year of the55th Olympiad. [ca.562 B.C.]

(Julius Africanus, Extant 13.2)

The Olympiad Reckoning

Traditionally, the first Olympiad is thought to have occurred around 776

B.C. In reality, the early Olympiads, which contained 4 years of 10 months

each, first started when Ahaz reigned in his first year in Jerusalem, in741 B.C. (Julius Africanus, Fragment 15).

Therefore, any year before 741 B.C. is pre-Olympic history to the

Greeks. By being able to balance proper Biblical Chronology early on, wecan more properly reckon the older dates of both Greek and Hebrew

Histories as presented in Patristics.

It is entirely important that we know that 741 B.C., like the Diaspora of 586B.C., be a fixed year and immutable. Once such a year is fixed firmly, such

as the Bible does do for us, we can then springboard with greater accuracy


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as to what the testimony of the past really is.

When discussing their histories in the Olympic periods of 741 B.C., onwards:the Greeks took care to designate an event as happening in the number of

the Olympiad, and the year. Each Olympiad being a cycle of four years, they

would thus say: In the first year of the 12th Olympiad, so-and-so did thus-and-thus. Therefore, we can calculate that 11 cycles of 4 years at the correctannual fraction to have occurred. This is 44 times that fraction from 741B.C., or to circa 705 to 704 B.C. (for example), for such-and-such a one,

doing thus-and-thus.

Preferably, in regards to the Greeks, the calculations should be limited to

within the times of the first settlements of Attica, which appear to have

begun as little as 40 years before the Israelite Exodus from Egypt.

By both a biblical Redating and some comparative Greek reckoning, that

date of the Israelite Exodus occurred on or about First fruits, the 17th of

Nisan, in the spring of 1551 B.C.

Properly dating Homer.

One example of using the Patristic reckoning of Greek history is found in thedating of Homer, the author of many Greek myths and false deities. But inorder to date Homer, we also need to date the fall of Troy.

During the times of the 62nd Olympiad, Heraclitus wrote that the Trojan Warand the First Olympiad were separated by 407 [10-month] years (Clement,

Miscellanies, 1.21).

By that reckoning, the Trojan War ends in 1071 B.C. But Clement also cites

the Greek historian Eratosthenes, who appears to phrase an oversight tohistorians.

a) From the capture of Troy to the descent (or expedition) of the Heraclidae:

are 80 [10-month] years

b) From the Heraclidae to the founding of Ionia: are 60 [10-month] years

c) From the Heraclidae to the protectorate of Lycurgus: are 159 [10-month]years

d) From the protectorate of Lycurgus to the First Olympiad: are 108 [10-


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month] years

First Assumption ------------------------------- Actual Testimony

1070 B.C. --- The fall of Troy ------------------ 1032 B.C.

1005 B.C.--- The descent of Heraclidae --- ----957 B.C.957 B.C.---- Ionia is founded --- -----------------909 B.C.828 B.C.--- The Protectorate of Lycurgus --- 828 B.C.741 B.C. ---- The First Olympiad ----------------- 741 B.C.

In the above, we find that the testimony hinges on a double reckoning fromthe descent of Heraclidae. Once this double reckoning is established as

being the actual intent of the Greek historian: it is then corrected, and the

Greek reckoning falls in line with the biblical testimony.

It also casts a light of importance on the double reckoning as well, because

to Eratosthenes, the descent of the Heraclidae is a major calculable event in

Greek history. Therefore, prior to the Olympics, the Greeks must have used

this as an event year from which to reckon from for about 216 years actual,

or about 256 years on their calendars.

In analyzing this period, we find that the late Second Century A.D. scholar of

Alexandria, Egypt, -- Clement of Alexandria -- cites Homer as having beenan Egyptian, and not a Greek.

Like Herodotus, Clement lists all sorts of dates that various ancient Greeks

have speculated through the centuries on the man called Homer. The mostreliable of these historians, tells us that Homer died 90 years before thefirst Olympiad (Clement of Alexandria, Miscellanies 1.15, 1.21).

Taken after the percentage of what a 10-month year is to a 12-month year,

we then calculate 90 years times that fraction to achieve a death of Homer

in 814 B.C. (the calculation being now about 73 years prior to the FirstOlympiad).

His birth, according to Philochorus, was 180 years after the Trojan War

(Clement, Miscellanies, 1.21). After the calculation of 180 years times theinter-calculatory fraction, the Greek percentage of a 10-month versus the

later 12-month calendar, we find that Homer was born in 886 B.C.

Therefore, by reckoning Greek history from fixed dates, we find that Homerdied in his 71st or 72nd year of life. No more, and no less.


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But in his Antiquities of the Jews, 8.3.1. Josephus uses the reckoning of thefamiliar Greek calendar (of his Roman audiences) to state that Solomonbuilt the Temple 592 years after the Hebrew Exodus, before switching gearsand reverting to the Jewish calendar of reckoning again.

Josephus knows the Scriptures use 480 years, as according to Hebrewreckoning, in I Kings 6:1.

The Greek calendar years of 592 times our inter-calculatory fraction is about480.05 or rounded off, 480 years.

In Antiquities of the Jews, 20.10.1, in discussing the lineage of the highpriests from Moses to the A.D. 70 destruction ofJerusalem; Josephus givesa similar length of time (612 short years). When calculated against our inter-calculatory fraction, we are given a new insight into Biblical History.

Josephus cites a rule of the high priesthood for the last 16 years of the 40 years inthe wilderness, when Moses was 104 - 120 years old. This was followed, again, by a480-year gap between the entry into the Promised Land by Joshua, and the Templeof Solomons dedication.{1}

Thus, Josephus also uses this methodology for preservation of Jewish history, whenmentioning the Greek calendar, in Caesars library.

The testimony of the Galilean Israelite, Josephus, is that he agrees with the Greekreckoning that puts King David, in Jerusalem and building it, in circa 1060 to1063 B.C.!

It appears that a few years elapsed before the actual major construction began.Thus, Davids reign is calculated to have begun no more recent or later than 1075to 1070 B.C David reigned in Jerusalem for 33 years, and based on Josephuscalculations, until ca. 1037 to 1036 B.C. (I Kings 2:11).

Therefore, for Solomon to dedicate the Temple in the fourth year of hisreign (2 Kings 6:1), and for it to be 480 years after coming into the landfrom the Exodus: the Exodus entry into Canaan must date to ca. 1512 -1511 B.C.

In I Kings 6:1, the literal reading show us that it was 480 years from

the lasaah of the children of Israel from the Land of Egypt. That is, it wasthe finishing moment, the end destination, the conclusion to -- leavingEgypt, being the end of 40 years in the wilderness, and the feet of allIsraelites touching both sides of the Jordan. This makes the entry acertainty at 1511-1512 B.C.

This is hundreds of years before Rameses, and places the Exodus as being duringthe reign of the Hyksos! Therefore, Rameses now becomes Ra- Ameses or Ra-


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Amosis: the wicked and afflicted Ameses. Can that really be? The Egyptianspriests, such as Ptolemy of Mendes, in his 3 volume work Chronology, cites

Amosis as being king during the Hebrew Exodus; Inachus being his contemporaryin the colony of Greece (Clement, Miscellanies, 1.21).

In the same source, we read that Dionysius of Halicarnassus, in his Times, toldthe ancients that the Argolic states were founded first by Inachus, and later evolvedto the Hellenic states of his day. There are some who would tell us Ah-mose was awoman ruler, and that Thutmose I was the husband. So, what is the truth?

Pharaoh Histories in Chronological turmoil

In examining the Chronology of the Pharaohs that is recounted by Manetho, we findthat unlike the Bible, the histories of Egyptian rulers are F.U.B.A.R.{2}

Modern Egyptology fails miserably in attempting to reckon its dates to any accuracy

near the Biblical record. We are then to understand by the priests of Egypt, throughHerodotus, that there are 330 rulers of Egypt from its beginnings until his time inthe 450s B.C.

Upon closer examination, this is not the case. We find that the same ruler of Egyptmay go by several names during his reign, and that a vice-Pharaoh subjoins him.That is, a Chief Executive Officer, and his Chief Operating Officer rule Egypt. Thereis also a sub-division under this of an upper and Lower Egypt that is also portionedout, in which the number of rulers multiply, while the generations reduce yet again.So if for 800 years, Pharaohs A rule upper Egypt, while Pharaohs B rule lowerEgypt, and each have 25 generations: then the number of Pharaohs become 50,

with 50 more vice-Regents. There, in just 800 years, you now have 100 of therequired 330. If each of the Pharaohs alone have a second identifying name inthose 800 years, we now add another 50 names to the 330 cited by the Egyptianpriests to Herodotus, and have now reached almost half our required number: 150of 330. That is a total of 150 or almost half the required number of the 330, in just800 years!

The notion of a neat and orderly chronology, as Egyptologists try to fancy,just obliterates like the tobacco off the end of a lit cigarette.

The dilemma becomes a question of who was really the de facto potentate. In theBible, we have clear distinctions of Israel and Judah and its kings, their names and

years of rule, and their genealogies. In Egyptology, we have guesswork. Uponcloser examination of Manethos 3rd Century B.C. Histories of Egypt, we find that A-mosis is really both Ahmose, and Tethmosis (Thummosis) - the son ofAlisphragmuthosis. Under his leadership, says Josephus in Against Apion 1.14,while citing Manetho, 480,000 Egyptians rallied around the city of Avaris, andexpelled the Hyksos families of those who perished in the Red Sea with their king,Assiss (Asehre Khamudi). These families were expelled along the northern routeout of the country, and settled in Judea.


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In Manethos Chronology, through Josephus, we find a man called Jonias as theGreek equivalent of the Hyksos name of Moses step-grandfather. ModernEgyptologists disbelieve his existence, although he reigned 50 years and 1 month,his name -- and the length of his rule -- having been stricken from the histories bythem. When dealing with this kind of mutilation of history, one is at the mercy ofthe prevailing opinions of the field, until the carnival tricks and literary slights ofhand be exposed for what they are. This is why the Bible is so much superior to anyreligion or history of the world: it is consistent, it is reliable, it is verifiable, it ishistorical and outside the bounds of ready alterations, and it is above rationalreproach -- against any work the world has to offer in its place.

Manethos Time-line adjusted and reconstructed -- B.C. format:Dates and months are approximated to Manetho.

Name --------------- ----------------Reign

Tethmosis - Amosis March 1551 B.C. to July 1526 B.C. 25 Years 4 mos.

Chebron July 1526 B.C. to November 1513 B.C.13 years

Amenophis November 1513 B.C. to July 1491 B.C.20 years 7 mos.

Amesses (Hatsheput) July 1491 B.C. to April 1469 B.C.21 years 9 mos.

Memphres April 1469 B.C. to February 1456 B.C.12 years 9 mos.

Memphramuthosis February 1456 B.C. to October 1432 B.C.25 years 10 mos.

Tethmosis (II) October 1432 B.C. to June 1422 B.C.9 Years 8 mos.

Amenophis (II) Osiris {3} June 1422 B.C. to April 1391 B.C.(Gk. diety as- Bacchyus) 30 Years 10 mos. (credited as though unbroken)(Gk. diety as Dionysus) w/ Queen Isis {4}

Orus April 1391 B.C. to February 1354 B.C.(Gk. diety as Apollo) {5} 36 Years 10 months

Acenchres February 1354 B.C. to March 1342 B.C.(Ikhnaton/Amenhoteps wife) 12 years 1 month(Egyptian - Nefertiti: the beautiful one has arrived)(Gk. diety as Artemis/Diana) {6}


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Rathotis March 1342 B.C. to March 1333 B.C.(Egyptian - Tutankhamen) 9 years

Acencheres (I) March 1333 B.C. to August 1321 B.C.12 years 5 mos.

Acencheres (II) August 1321 B.C. to November 1308 B.C.12 years 3 mos.

Armais November 1308 B.C. to December 1304 B.C.4 years 1 mos.

Ra-Ameses (I) December 1304 B.C. to March 1302 B.C.1 year 4 mos.

Armesses (Miamoun) March 1302 B.C. to May 1242 B.C. {7}

(perhaps Ra-Ameses II) 60 years 2 mos.

Amenophis (III) May 1242 B.C. to November 1223 B.C. {8}19 years 6 mos.

Sethosis November 1223 B.C. to November 1210 B.C. {9}13 years

Ra-Ameses (III) {10} November 1210 B.C. to November 1143 B.C.67 years

---------------------------------------------------------------1 There were only 13 high priests ruling in all that time. 480 divided by 13 is about37 years per high priests tenure. Contrast this with the 28 appointed high priests inthe 107 years from Herod I to Titus conquest, in which the average high priestserved for a little less than 4 years because of robbery and political corruption ofthe office.

2 A clear example can be seen in lineage trees that are drawn up for the dynasticfamilies. One tree actually shows that Thutmosis - Isis - Akhenaten all share thesame era of rule as though brothers and sisters, children of Amenhotep III and Tiye(Archaeology, Mar/Apr 2002, All in the Family by Mark Rose, p.22). It is a high

affront and insult, for Egyptologists (in general) to reckon demands for stringentrequirements of lineage upon Hebraic Kings and take great fabrication liberties andmyth-making endeavors upon their own craft. If the world of academia did not takethem so seriously, we would be permitted to equate their historical Egyptology

craft, (at times), with base humor and thespian slapstick. Josephus is clearly atodds with these modern historians, citing that Pharoah was as much a

household representation of the royal family as was Caesar. We would not placeBrittanicus, son of Claudius, as a ruler of the Roman Empire simply because he was


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called a Caesar. But that is exactly what Egyptologists do with the history of thePharaohs.

3 What few bones were left of Osiris, (if there are any), was buried under theSphinx of Egypt, about 300 feet below the surface. (e.g., Archaeology, Sep/Oct2000, Tales from the Crypt by Angela M.H. Schuster, pp. 30-33).

4 Isis was known as IO, Ceres, and Demeter among the Greeks. Demeter wasknown as the goddess of grain harvests. Therefore, upon marriage to Osiris, shenot only brought culture to Greece, she was its grain benefactor as well.

5 The Tel Amarna tablets are written to the Sun deity, Orus (a type of counterfeitMessiah): in 1384 B.C. His city, and that of his father, is Heliopolis. The Greeksname the sun as Helios. Thus, to the Greeks, Heliopolis becomes the city of thesun deity, Apollo. The Romans call the sun after the Greek as Teitan or titan. Inthe Greek, this designation corresponds Gematrically to 666, the number of Anti-Christ and the Beast (Irenaeus, Against Heresies, 5.30.3). In Greece, the

priestesses of Delphi conferred oracles in Apollos name, being a cult of Apollo.

6 Artemis / Diana continued the work of her mother or grandmother as abenefactor of Attica. In Rome, she was remembered as the one who brought aboutthe wharves of the Tiber, and fed Rome from Egypt -- justifying Romes relationshipwith the breadbasket economics of Egyptian wheat.

The Greeks may also have called her as Kore / Persephone, who was raped by herfather (identified for us here as Osiris) by force. This activity appears to deal withthe mother of Nefertiti as being either the victim of, or the offspring of Osiris. Basedon the Chronology of Manetho, the raped child would have to have been anywhere

from 1-10 years of age at the time of such an occurrence. This act was the reasonwhy Osiris was slain by his own brother, who chopped him to pieces, scattering himto the far reaches of Egypt; to which we now call Osiris Hades, and Pluto, and the

Sphinx (under which what was left of Osiris is thought to be buried. Yet, this lateroffspring of rape is deified as love and beauty, whose Egyptian worshipersremembered her mother and grandmothers angst by ritually beating their breasts.

As Nefertiti, Artemis/Diana married an Ethiopian from Thebes who moved thecapitol from Thebes to Amarna. Amarna was about 130 miles north of the thenEthiopian controlled region of Egypt, and was probably a marriage contract forpeace between two nations. Together, Nefertiti and her husband worshipped a sundeity, (the Helios) -- her deified brother Horus, whom was later, renamed

Apollo in Greek adaptation of the mythology, was more than likely her uncle.

Egypt refused to continue abandonment of all its other deities upon her death,supposedly some 13 years after assuming the throne. Amarna wall inscriptionsshow she lost at least one child in its infancy, but that she was happily married withseveral children. The Egyptians eventually revolted against the racial crossbreedingof their queen, erasing her memory across Egypt; and then reinventing her historythrough worship and the mythology of Artemis/Diana. Although Orus was


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remembered as a deity among the many, there was never again a sole deity ofEgypt.

7 In 1292 B.C., Saturn/Bellus comes into prominence, colonizing families Greece,Crete, and Italy (which is then called lesser Greece). The Jews call the Romans thechildren of Bel, and Beelzebub. Thus, the act of slandering another Jew by thisname, is the same as accusing that one of being a ****, or illegitimate child ofRoman stock, without the furnishing of proof.In 1271 B.C., Ceres / Isis is deified by both Greeks and Egyptians, perhaps beingthe 100th anniversary of her death.

8 In 1231 B.C., Tyre is founded, either within or just beyond Egyptian militaryinfluence. The lineage is traced directly from Saturn, a Hyksos descendant born inthe Egyptian colony of Greece.

9 The Babylonian language wanes as the universal - language of communication inthe Middle Easts eastern Mediterranean region, circa 1211 B.C., as Egypt begins to

expand its influence yet again.

10 This Ra-Ameses is listed in Judges 13:1 as being at Kadesh, 331 yearsafter the Exodus!!! The testimony, as discussed in the next section, is supportedby a victory relief in Karnak, Egypt. The fact that the myth of a wrong Ra-ameses,and other factual errors have existed for centuries, was probably based more onanti-Semitic and anti-Christian bias, than upon historic fact. Even just a few casualobservations, discussed in the next section, make this clear.


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Greek origins from Egypt

In circa 1580 to 1568 B.C., a group of colonists from Hyksos controlled Egypt, led

by a mixed breed (probably Hyksos-Egyptian) called Inachus, settled in the harbor

in what would become known as Attica (and later, Athens).

These colonists spoke Attic, or a variant of Syriac-Babylonian. Some scholars will

call it a Semitic dialect. From this colonization until the Doric Invasion, the average

generation was reckoned as anywhere from 20 to 33 years. It would be safe to say

about 25 - 27 years, to the Greeks of pre-1000 B.C., to be the length of a

generation.

Prior to the Trojan War, both the Greeks and the Egyptian Homer reckon

Greece to be populated by Danaans, Argives, and Achaeans (Thucydides,

Peloponnesian War, 1.3).

From the time of Inachus to the Trojan War, are 20 Attic generations.

In 1016 B.C., the Dorian invasion brought the Doric language to Greece

(Thucydides, Peloponnesian War, 1.12).

In 909 B.C., the Ionic language took root there. In later centuries, Greece also

came to possess an Aeolic and a Koine (common) language. It is by this last

language that we have come to possess the New Testament. But more importantly,

in the third century B.C.: through Egypt, we receive a translation of the Old

Testament (known as the LXX or the Septuagint) as well.

The Greeks -- in their culture and philosophy --are intertwined like strands on a

rope, with Egypt for over 1,000 years.

First, we have the era of Ogygus (ca. 1551 B.C.), then with the marriage of Ceres

seven short generations later.

This is followed by the settlement of the navies of Danaus. Sethos, whom called

himself Aegyptus (Josephus, Against Apion, 1.26), was brother to Danaus.

Danaus also goes by the name of Hermeus. Tertullian, in his Apology, .19 calls

him as the most ancient name of the Romans. That honor is exclusive, and

suggests the lineage of Romes rulers as being, in part, as from the families of

the Pharaohs. Later, we see the Greek settlements on the Nile and in the Delta,

and so on.


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The Biblical, Greek, and Egyptian points to ponder

1) In Egyptology, we find that there is a relief that celebrates Raameses victory

at Kadesh in 1180 B.C. This same victory is recorded in Judges 13:1, which

the biblical record of successions tells us, is 331 years AFTER THE EXODUS.

Therefore, this Pharaoh is not the one who died in the Red Sea during the Hebrew

Exodus in the era of the Hebrew Judges of Israel, who judged IN ISRAEL.

2) Kadesh: 31 years earlier. In Judges 11:26, Jephthaa speaks of 300 years

having passed from the entry of the Hebrews into Israel, to his time. The

Judges, like Jephthaa, are more so contemporaneous with the Tell El-Amarna

tablets, than is the Exodus to its contents. The tablets, dated by some to ca.

1375 - 1358 B.C., calls for Egypt to deliver the Philistine Lords from their

apiru or habiru oppressors.

Archer, Gleason L. A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, Chicago: Moody

Press, 1964,

p. 164, (1974 edition.); cf. pp.241, 289-295 (1994 edition.)

In 1422 B.C., Amenophis ruled Egypt, until 1391 B.C. Osiris is known as the deity

of Heliopolis. In the reign of Amenophis, there were ambassadors sent out to those

shepherds driven out of the land (of Egypt) by Tethmosis, to the city of Jerusalem,

whereby he informed them of his own affairs (Josephus, Against Apion. 1.26.).

The result of this communication forges an alliance between the Rephaims and

Philistines with Egypt, against the local Israeli Hebrew population.

If this is the case, this supports the validity for and the era of the Tel Amarna

tablets. These Babylonian linguistic tablets from the Philistines to Egypt are to be

dated to circa 1384 B.C., when: 1) Ehud, the son of Gera, of the tribe of Benjamin,

delivers the Israelites from Eglon (Judges 3:16 -20); and 2) Shamgar, the son of

Anath, kills 600 Palestinian men with an ox goad the same year (Judges 3:31).

The Hyksos, former masters in Egypt, only 167 years after their concurrent Exodus

through the northern Sinai, were servants of Egypt in Israel. In Canaan/Israel, the

once oppressive Hyksos were, in turn, afflicted by the Hebrews: and resorted to

asking Egyptians (who their ancestors despised as weak), for archers as protection

against the Hebrew judges and a popular uprising.

In 1391 B.C., Horus, the son of Osiris and Isis was upon the throne. Isis, says


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Clement of Alexandria, in Miscellanies 1.21. will be deified in what we may

reckon as somewhere near 1271 B.C.

The Romans over a thousand years later, will worship her as Demeter: the deity of

the fruitful and bountiful earth, and the protector of marriage. Her son, Horus,

also is -- centuries later -- remembered by the Greeks, and thought of as a deity:

Apollo. His sister, Acenchres (called Nefertiti), is Artemis and Diana. She ruled

from 1354 B.C. until 1342 B.C. through Ikhnaton (Amenhotep IV). Her successor

from 1342 to 1333 B.C. was Rathotis (a.k.a., Tutankhamen). Thus, the Tell Amarna

tablets become a type of formula for prayers or requests to the fabricated deities

Apollo (Horus) and Diana (Acenchres), for deliverance from the Jews, and the One

True Faith in YHVeH.

3) In the Tell El-Amarna tablets, the Philistine lords or city-kings,

communicate to Egypt in the Babylonian languagenot in Egyptian. Why?

One tablet speaks of Gezer having fallen, along with Ashkelon and Lachish. In

Joshua 16:10, 21:21; and Judges 1:29; we find that Gezer was portioned as half-

Jewish priests with their families and half-Canaanite. The Babylonian language

entered the land with distinction in ca. 1450 B.C. with the invasion of

Chushanrishathamin (Judges 3:8 , and remained the language of trade

from 1450 B.C. until ca. 1211 B.C., some 239 years later. This example we

see again with the Hellenization of the region and the influence of the Greek

language over 1,000 years later.

4) In Isaiah 52:4, we find the Jewish history that those who oppressed the

Jews in Egypt before the Exodus were not Egyptian at all: they were Syrian

or Assyrian. In other words, the only peoples that fit this description within Egypt

during the era in question: are the Hyksos, who came out of Syria-Assyria and into

Egypt, because the Hittites were too strong for them to defend against at the time.

This brings into Egypt the language of Aram, which is later characterized as Syriac-

Babylonian.

Therefore, the language of Moses and of the Hyksos was a separation of distinctions

or dialect of the same general mother tongue. To not be immersed and familiar

with the characterizations and recent slang might cause one to stammer and stutter

in conversing with those who use certain unfamiliar idioms regularly. This is

perhaps what Moses meant in his asking GOD for, and receiving, a helper in Exodus

4:10-16.


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The Tidal Wave, the Exodus, and Greco-Egyptian deities

Julius Africanus records that the Greek historians call the Great Cataclysm asthe Flood of Ogygus, or like terminology (Julius Africanus, Fragments, .12,

.13.4).

They remained following the last great Krakatoa-like explosion of Santoriniin 1551 B.C., which occurred simultaneously with the Dead Sea crossing.After the deaths of Phoroneus and hundreds of colonists, only Ogygus and a

handful of survivors remained. There is no doubt that the nations in that era,

such as Crete, and the Hittite Empire, must have also sustained damage inthat same cataclysm or massive Tidal Wave.

There is no contesting this Cataclysmic event as happening, or of the year or

month or day of its happening among the ancients. Only Philochoruschallenged the name of Ogygus successor, Acteus, as having never existed,

and apparently, he was a lone dissenter. He probably considered Apis, the

son of Phoroneus, who is deified as a bull in Memphis of Egypt, as the

successor.

The first official king in Attica following the Flood and gradual repopulation

was Cecrops, in circa 1398 B.C.

From the Flood to the First Olympiad, there were reckoned 1020 10-month years. That is, 827 12-month years.

If subtracted from 741 B.C., we come to a year of 1568 B.C. However, withthe double reckoning of the descent of the Heraclidae, we find that we canallow for the plus or minus of a generation of up to 25-27 years. Doing this,

we fall within our margin of error and within the justified criticism of the

consistency in the Greek reckoning of years prior to the Olympiads.

Polemo, in his Greek History, volume I, recorded how that adivision of the Egyptian Army left Egypt and settled in Canaan,

following the tidal wave: Apis, the Son of Phoroneus of Attica being

among the survivors of the Cataclysm. (Julius Africanus, Fragments,

13.6.).

In Egyptology, Apis is the bull, (the stud who repopulates by being

oversexed, much like the oversexed Osiris) but the Greeks call himEpaphus - the intensive of upon informing secretly of crimes in progress(Herodotus, Histories, 2.153).12

As Dionysus, the deity of the vine and wine, we find that Osiris is also a


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known habitual drunkard. Understanding these Greek and Egyptian labels,

we may conclude that he may also have practiced a sexual deviancy, which

we now label as sado-masochism. The ancient Egyptians thought upon Apisas the deity of cataclysms and disaster. After a disaster, the Egyptians are

called to celebrate and make merry to Apis (Herodotus, Histories, 3.27).

Apis is deified in Memphis as the bull of Ptah, making him out to be anEgyptian son. Memphis, as referred to by the Greeks, translates as beingthe house of the spirit of Ptah.

Apis, as a festivity deity, is out-celebrated only by Osiris: whom the Greeks

call Bacchyus and Dionysius, whom married Ceres, the daughter ofPrometheus (Herodotus, Histories, 2.42, 2.49, 2.59, etc.). In return, Osiris

brought Egyptian arms and civilization into Greece. Ceres became known as

Isis among the Egyptians, and Demeter among the Romans in later

centuries. To the Greeks, she became known as IO, the beginning of alltime: As of now, and forever, we have arrived, might be a free translation

of this. Osiris married Ceres, the Greeks claim, because of his sex drive.

The Egyptians call Ceres or Isis the moon, perhaps as an idiom of Osiris

first obsession with her. In honor of his memory, the phallic orgies of Greecewere annually celebrated, with male organs of every size and material

waved about; until drunken or - gies raged through the night by the torches

and campfires.

It must be remembered, that these adults engaging in this activity weremost often only from their mid-teens to their mid twenties; there being a life

expectancy of no more than 33 years among the Greeks of the period fromOsiris to the First Olympiad. So it probably also was with the ages ofmaturity in regards to those Hyksos who were forced to leave Egypt. They

were most likely a largely teen-and-under population, with parents no

older than in their 30s. What are believed to be the bones of parts of Osiris

are buried deep beneath the Sphinx, which image represents the man and

his se - xual appetite. During the festival of Isis, the people are called tobeat their fists upon their chests for hours on end; symbolizing the grief that

this man put Isis through.

He met his end by raping a young girl, who perhaps was the daughter of hisown brother. Her offspring, either daughter or granddaughter, became

Nefertiti to the Egyptians; but to the Greeks, she became the goddess

"Artemis" /Diana.

Josephus relates that Manetho agrees with Polemo, stating that no fewerthan 240,000 of the Hyksos (men, women, and children) left Egypt

immediately (and peacefully), following a brief siege by native Egyptians


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(from Thebes) after the Red Sea crossing; and settled in Judea, -- even in

and about Jerusalem (Josephus, Against Apion, 1.14). These were the very

ones, being giants and Rephaim/Nephilim, who the spies of Israel, only dayslater, discovered and feared in Numbers 13:33.

Geo-climatic obstacles: a frozen pre-1000 B.C. Europe

The reason why the 10-month calendar existed in the first place probably

had to do with the melting glaciers of Europe. In the pre-1000 B.C. era,much of what was north of the Balkans, and certainly north of the

Danube, was glacial ice.

In this period, and until after the Assyrian conquests of Israel in the 8thCentury B.C., for example, Britain was called as the southern area of

the Artic (i.e., polar) regions (Theophilus to Autolycus, 2.32).

However, by the reign of Cyrus I, the region above the northern

Mediterranean had stabilized. Slowly, civilization was migrating into thewestern and northern unsettled wildernesses. Why else, except for glacier

flows, would Europe for so long been unexplored earlier? And within these

regions allegedly lurked remnants of the dinosaur species, which still wereknown on occasions to kill multitudes. These dinosaur remnants were to beled astray out of the forest, and into an open plain; because they could bekilled only by employing a proven technique and with hordes of warriors

against it from all sides (Irenaeus, Against Heresies, 1.31.4).This activity, of slaying dinosaurs, was a current necessity as late as 181 -183 A.D. and was the means by which we have our dragon legends dating to

as late as the 500s A.D. in our day.

Tthe use of this key to understanding the Greek reckoning is a matter of

willingness to apply the formula left behind for us, and to examine what isbeing passed down to us.

The Chronology of the ancients, some to greater and many to lesser

degrees, will need to be re-evaluated and re-dated, and re-learned. Whowould have thought that a real woman named Ceres married Osiris and

became Isis, turning her homeland of Attica (Athens) into an enriched

Egyptian colony?

Or who would have thought that a tidal wave would have wiped Attica out acouple centuries earlier, when it was a minor settlement of the (Syriac-

Babylonian) Hyksos who ruled Egypt, at the same time the Jews passed


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through the Red Sea on dry land? This too, is contained in the reckoning of

the Greeks.

Julius Africanus, in Fragments 13.7, cites that Theopompus in his

Tricareneus, stated that it should have been expected that Attica

(Athens) would share in the judgments of the Exodus, of hail andstorms, and to suffer with the Egyptians, as Attica was a colonydescended from these same Egyptians.

Some call Danaus, uncle, and vice-Pharaoh (or Administrative Regent)

with Rameses, as the most ancient name of origin among the Greeks wholater settled Italy and became Romans (Tertullian, Apology, .19). This

Danaus built many monuments and statues in tribute to his nephew all over

Egypt, before taking his navy and settling Greece. We also learn that about

200 years later, some 20 Greek years after the Trojan War, in 1012 B.C.,the Dorians conquered Greece, and the government of Ascanius began.

Then, in just two generations (in 957 B.C.), these same oppressive Dorians

sparked the descent of the Heraclidae: a mass migration to lesser Greece

(Italy, and also Sicily - when as yet the Corinthian Sea had not emptied out

to indicate that tidal wave that removed Sicilys then land passage to Italy).Thus, the Syrians or Assyrians who migrated to Egypt as Hyksos, migrated

to Greece, then migrated also to Italy, and later became the Romans.

Some of those Hyksos who migrated to Greece, also migrated to Tyre,becoming Tyrians, and some of those migrated to Carthage, becoming theCarthaginians to which Hannibal made his name of renown. This makes the

Carthaginians and Romans as distant cousins. Strangely enough, the Hyksoswere also related to the Anakims (Numbers 13:33) or Nephilims. Nephilimsare translated as giants, but literally, it means the fallen ones, and is a

direct reference to those who died in the Red Sea while pursuing Israel.

In Joshua 11:21-22, we see that --although they are later defeated -- they

are pressed into an area and people from which Goliath the giant was from.For the Greek pirates of Crete and Greece, the Aegean Sea based

Philistines; it was only natural for them to invade Israel against the

Hebrews, as the Anakims and the Philistines were cousins. This explains

why the Philistine conquest came about after the Exodus: it was a familyconquest to regain land lost to the giants of the land, who lost their lands to

the Hebrews -- a lowly people who had once been their slaves.

And so, history falls into place, and the nonsensical histories of the Biblesuddenly begins to make sense and be quite logical.


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Appendix:

1) A 1551-1140 B.C. using the Clementine Stromata Book1, Chapter 21 with Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews and

the Bible. .

1551 1486 B.C.

Joshua 24:29 ; Judges 2:8 -- And Joshua the son of Nundied, being a 110

years old.

Clement: As the book of Joshua relates, the above mentioned man was the

successor of Moses 27 [ actual 25] yearsClement: After the close of Mosess life, Joshua succeeded to the leadership of

the people, and he, after warring for 65 years, rested in the good land other

25. [Corrected by Josephus]

1511 B.C. -1486 B.C.

Josephus, Antiquities, 5.1.29: So Joshua, when he had thus discoursed to

them, died, having lived a 110 years; 40 of which he lived with Moses, He

also became their commander after his death for 25 years.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1486-1471 B.C. [Unknown 8 year tributary period at any time in this 15 year

period]

Judges 3:8 -- the children of Israel served Cushan-rishathaim 8 years.

Clement: Then the Hebrews having sinned, were delivered to Chusachar [

Chushan-rishathaim] king of Mesopotamia for 8 years

------------------------------------------------------------------

1511 B.C. 1471 B.C.

Judges 3:11 And the land had rest 40 years. And Othniel the son of Kenazdied.

Clement: Gothoniel [ Othniel]. the younger brother of Caleb, of the tribe of

Judah, who, having slain the king of Mesopotamia, ruled over the people 40

years in succession.

----------------------------------------------------------------------


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1477 -1459 B.C.

Judges 3:12 -- and the L-RD strengthened Eglon the king of Moab against

Israel

Clement: And were delivered into the hands of glom [ Eglon] king of the

Moabites for 18 years

Josephus AoJ 5.4.1.: Eglon, king of the Moabitesreduced [the Israelites] to

poverty for 18 years.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1441 1361 B.C.

Judges 3:30 -- So Moab was subdued and the land had rest 80 years.

Clement: But on their repentance, Aod, [ Ehud.] was their leader for 80

years

Josephus AoJ 5.4.3: Ehuddied after he had held the government 80 years.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1361-1341 B.C. --------------------[actual Jabin, king of Canaan]

Judges 4:3 -- [Jabin for ] 20 years mightily oppressed the children of

Israel.

Clement: On the death of Aod [Ehud] were delivered into the hand of

Jabim,20 years.

Josephus AoJ 5.5.1-2 - Israel subdued by Sisera to Jabins control, 20 years.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

1341-1301 B.C.

Clement: Deborah ruled, judging the people 40 years

Josephus AoJ 5.5.3-4 - Israel delivered to Deborah administration and

commander Barak.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

A Kadesh in May, 1300 BC would have encountered a simultaneous

Midianite bid for control of the plains and farmlands of the Hebrews.

1301 1294 B.C.

Clement: On her death, the people were delivered into the hands of the

Midianites 7 years

Josephus AoJ 5.6.1: For about 3 years the Israelites fought off the Midianites

and Arabians, then retired to the mountains, and endured famine.

---------------------------------------------------------------------

1294-1254 B.C.

Clement: Gideon, of the tribe of Manasseh ruled 40 years


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Josephus AoJ 5.6.7 Gideon ruled over the government 40 years.

------------------------------------------------------------------

1254-1251 B.C.

Clement: The son of Ahimelech, 3 years

----------------------------------------------------------------------

1251-1229 B.C.

An Israelite judge [obscured by Clement]of the tribe of Ephraim, who ruled 23

years

Josephus AoJ 5.7.6.: Jair the Gileadite of the tribe of Manasseh22 years.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

1229 1211 B.C.

Clement: The people having sinned again, were delivered to the Ammonites 18

years

-----------------------------------------------------------------

1211-1205 B.C.

Judges 11:26 [And Jepthaah inquired] - While Israel dwelt in all the cities

that are along by the side of the Arnon, 300 years; wherefore did ye not

recover them within that time?

Clement: Jephtha the Gileadite, of the tribe of Manasseh ruled 6 years

----------------------------------------------------------------

1205 1198 B.C.

Clement: Abatthan. of Bethlehem, of the tribe of Juda, ruled 7 years.

Cf. Judges 12:7,9

---------------------------------------------------------------

Clement: 1198 - 1190 B.C.

Clement: Then Ebron the Zebulonite, 8 years

Scripture: 1198 - 1188 B.C. Judges 12:11

--------------------------------------------------------------

Clement: 1190 1182 B.C.

Scripture: 1188 1180 B.C.

"And after him Abdon... judged Israel...8 years."


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Judges 12:13-14

Clement: Then Eglom of Ephraim, 8 years

------------------------------------------------------------

A Kadesh battle in 1180 B.C. would left a vacuum of power quickly filled

by the Cretan based Philistines.

Clement: 1182 1142 B.C.

Scripture 1180-1140 B.C.

Judges 13: 1 And the children of Israel ...into the hand of the Philistines 40

years."

Clement: Under the power of the foreigners, the Philistines, for 40 years

[Cretan based]


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Appendix 2:

Some Quick Insights into the Origin of Greek Deities

via Patristics

Some Theophilus to Autolycus literary insights.

in the land of Canaan there was a city, by name Haran. And in these days [from

the dating of Haran], Pharaoh, who by the Egyptians was also called Nechaoth, was

first king of Egypt, and thus the kings followed in succession.Theophilus to Autolycus, 2.31

And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the

Chaldees.(Genesis 11:28).

In other words, the first king of Egypt preceded Abrahams visit by less than one

generation, according to the records available to Theophilus. Therefore, Egypt is not

older in its formation as a nation in the making than Terah, the father of Abraham.

For it was fit that they who wrote should themselves have been eye-witnesses of

those things concerning which they made assertions, or should accurately have

ascertained them from those who had seen them; for they who write of things

unascertained beat the air.

For what did it profit Homer to have composed the Trojan war, and to have

deceived many[about deities, etc.]; or Hesiod, the register of the theogony of

those whom he calls gods; or Orpheus, the three hundred and sixty-five gods,

whom in the end of his life he rejects, maintaining in his precepts that there is one

God?

Theophilus to Autolycus 3.2


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named Attica. And whence the other countries and cities derived their names, we

think it unnecessary to recount, especially to you who are acquainted with history.

That Moses, and not he only, but also most of the prophets who followed him, is

proved to be older than all writers, and than Saturn and Belus and the Trojan war,

is manifest. Foraccording to the history of Thallus, Belus is found to be 322

[261 actual] years prior to the Trojan war[ca. 1293 B.C.].

But we have shown above that Moses

[sic, should be Jacob at 729 - 810 years prior to the 1032 B.C. sack of Troy --

Brianroy]

lived somewhere about 900 or 1000 years before the sack of Troy. And as Saturn

and Belus flourished at the same time, most people do not know which is Saturn

and which is Belus.

Some worship Saturn, and call him Bel or Bal, especially the inhabitants of

the eastern countries, for they do not know who either Saturn or Belus is.

Andamong the Romans he is called Saturn, for neither do they know which of

the two is more ancientSaturn or Bel.

Theophilus to Autolycus 3.29

This last quote is resolved in Isaiah, when the ancient Romans in Isaiah's day

transported idols through Israeli ports to Babylon/Assyria. The idols were of Saturn

and called Belus by those purchasing such idols, and the two mixed.

Danaus was the patriarch of a Greek faction which settled Sicily and Italy, as well

as being the Patriarch the Tyrians and Carthaginians. Hence, Danaus was a

contributing or primary patriarch involved in 5 important or primary ancient

Mediterranean civilizations/ peoples.

We should perceive this possibility with the testimony of some men of the Old

Testament having many wives and many children, such as Gideon, father to 70

male off-spring in Judges 8:30 -

"And Gideon had 70 sons of his body begotten: for he had many wives."

and that it only took Israel 215 years to populate until more than 2 millions had

sprung from less than 70 of their males.

Danaus / Saturn, the once head of the navy of Egypt, defecting, in light of history

therefore, could well have begotten and supported several times that number.


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Origins of gods / deities in Greece are traceable to a definitive year they

had to be created after:

Tertullian, Apology .10

"No one of your gods is earlier than Saturn:

from him you trace all your deities,

even those of higher rank and better known.

What, then, can be proved of the first, will apply to those that follow. So far, then,

as books give us information, neither the Greek Diodorus or Thallus, neither Cassius

Severus or Cornelius Nepos, nor any writer upon sacred antiquities, have venturedto say that Saturn was any but a man: so far as the question depends on facts, I

find none more trustworthy than thosethat in Italy itself we have the country in

which, after many expeditions, and after having partaken of Attic hospitalities,

Saturn settled, obtaining cordial welcome from Janus, or, as the Salii will have it,

Janis.

The mountain on which he dwelt was called Saturnius;

the city he founded is called Saturnia to this day;

last of all, the whole of Italy,

after having borne the name of Oenotria,was called Saturnia from him.

He first gave you the art of writing, and a stamped coinage, and thence it is he

presides over the public treasury. But if Saturn were a man, he had undoubtedly a

human origin; and having a human origin, he was not the offspring of heaven and

earth.

Tertullian, Ad Nations 2.12

For the origin characterizes all that comes after it.

Now this origin of your gods dates, I suppose, from Saturn.

[This Saturn was the same Armais / Danaus, who was in the year 1293

B.C. Therefore, the origin of Greek 'god / deification' mythology began no


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earlier than 1293 B.C. !!! The same year Danaus settled in Greece with his

navies from Egypt]

And when Varro mentions Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva, as the most ancient of the

gods, it ought not to have escaped our notice, that every father is more ancient

than his sons, and that Saturn therefore must precede Jupiter, even as Clus does

Saturn, for Saturn was sprung from Clus and Terra.

[Hence, Tertullian isolates for us that the oldest deification was of Armais as

Saturn among the Greeks.

Other deifications came later, after 1293 B.C., also based, at the first, upon

reinventing real people in real history.

That is, it began as a monotheistic worship of a singular Patriarch that graduated

to polytheism. The monotheism came first.]

redating the hebrew exodus to 1551 b.c

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