Pumping Algae! An Alternative Energy Future

Donald G. Redalje, The University of Southern MississippiJohn J. Cullen, Dalhousie UniversityZackary I. Johnson, Duke University

Mark Huntley, CellanaGabriel de Scheemaker, Cellana and Royal Dutch Shell

Plus the 50 other members of the Cellana Team, including Xiaogang Chen, Egan Rowe, Merritt Tuel, Adam Boyette, Rebecca Schilling,Casey Smith and Matthew Stone.

Supported by Cellana, a joint venture of Huntley-Raleigh BioPetroleum and Royal Dutch Shell

Northeast Algae and Energy SymposiumUniversity of Vermont

Here is What I Want to Talk About Today:

Energy Status and CO2 Emissions

Our Options for Alternatives to Petroleum

Corn was NOT the Answer!

Marine Microalgae May Well be Our Best Chance

The Hows and Whys of Growing Marine Microalgae

Cellana and How We are Approaching the Issue

Martelle, 2009

The world now consumes oil at the staggering rate of a thousand barrels a second Tertzakian, 2007

By the year 2080, the worlds supply of oil will be in steep declineMartinez, 2002

Our Options: Nuclear Power

Our Options: Hydroelectric Power

Our Options: Geothermal Power

Our Options: Solar Power

Our Options: Wind Power

Our Options: Ethanol

http://www.algaelink.com/algae-cultivation.htm

CultureCollections

NewStrainIsolates

TargetedCandidateStrains

Phase1a:rapidgrowth/Ndepletion

3Temperatures

Phase1b:growthrate/composition

Nsource

24candidates

DiurnalTemp/Light

(ZJ)

Phase2:(GrowthRate/Lipid/

Photophysiology)12candidates

MassCultureValidation

8candidates

FlashingLight:HighFreq.

(DR)

NutrientDepletion

(JC)

Integration/Modeling

150+candidates

Days in N-Free Medium

Phase2:PlanModifiedplantowardsintensivecharacterizationofrepresentativestrains

withgoalofprovidinglinkbetweenphase1andponds

2A(DielLight/Temperature):2+representativestrainsindetail:

Photosynthesis/Irradiance,Respiration(O2),absorption,NPQ,

nutrientreplete(PBRconcentrations)

2B(NutrientLimitation):originalplan,(~12strainsandinvestigate

thetimingofnutrientlimitationonlipidyield) Proposedenhancements Examinemanipulationsofsilicate(diatoms) Quantifycarbohydratesynthesis Complementproductionmodelingifpossible

2C(FlashingLight):originalplan,butwithfewerstrains

Phototrophic Bioreactor Phototrophic Bioreactor FermentorFermentor

Skeletonema costatum

Irradiance (mol quanta m2 s-1)

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250P

B

(

m

g

C

(

m

g

C

h

l

a

)

-

1

h

-

1

)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Constant Low Light 0.01 Hz Fluctuating Light0.10 Hz Fluctuating Light

From Laws et al., 1983

From Terry, 1986

From Bailey, 1997

Cellana PartnersCellana Partners

KPF

3x UH

Houston

USM

ThorntonDalhousie

Amsterdam

Westhollow

Bodo

The Hague

SFSU

University research Shell research Cellana production facilities Cellana corporate

Duke

The next stage

1000 ha

Integrate and scale

technologies

Demonstrate acceptable

technology risk

TodayTodays statuss status Operating since 1 January 2008Operating since 1 January 2008

-- on leased facilitieson leased facilities -- 7 strains cultivated7 strains cultivated

Building the Kona Pilot FacilityBuilding the Kona Pilot Facility -- 2009, 2.5 ha2009, 2.5 ha -- Lab shake downLab shake down -- Q3 cultivation Q3 cultivation -- Q4 first oilQ4 first oil

Designing the First Commercial PlantDesigning the First Commercial Plant -- site selection, designsite selection, design -- start constructionstart construction -- 1000 ha (2km x 5km)1000 ha (2km x 5km)

Planning rollPlanning roll--out of Commercial Plantsout of Commercial Plants -- Economies of scale? 20,000 ha plants?Economies of scale? 20,000 ha plants? -- a material businessa material business

Thank You Questions?

Slide Number 1Slide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13Slide Number 14Slide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Slide Number 18Slide Number 19Slide Number 20Slide Number 21Slide Number 22Slide Number 23Slide Number 24Slide Number 25Slide Number 26Slide Number 27Slide Number 28Slide Number 29Slide Number 30Slide Number 31Slide Number 32Slide Number 33Slide Number 34Slide Number 35Slide Number 36Slide Number 37Slide Number 38Slide Number 39Slide Number 40Slide Number 41Slide Number 42Slide Number 43Phototrophic Bioreactor Fermentor Slide Number 45Slide Number 46Slide Number 47Slide Number 48Slide Number 49Slide Number 50Slide Number 51Slide Number 52Slide Number 53Slide Number 54Cellana PartnersSlide Number 56Slide Number 57Todays statusSlide Number 59