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Red Hat Process Automation Manager7.5
Designing your decision managementarchitecture for Red Hat Process Automation
Manager
Last Updated: 2020-05-22
Red Hat Process Automation Manager 7.5 Designing your decisionmanagement architecture for Red Hat Process Automation Manager
Red Hat Customer Content [email protected]
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Abstract
This document describes basic concepts and options for a Red Hat Process Automation Managerimplementation to consider when designing your decision management architecture. To verify themost suitable implementation for your environment, contact your Red Hat Technical AccountManager or Solutions Architect.
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Table of Contents
PREFACE
CHAPTER 1. INSTALLATION ENVIRONMENT OPTIONS FOR RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
CHAPTER 2. DECISION-AUTHORING ASSETS IN RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
CHAPTER 3. PROJECT STORAGE AND BUILD OPTIONS WITH RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
CHAPTER 4. PROJECT DEPLOYMENT OPTIONS WITH RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
CHAPTER 5. ASSET EXECUTION OPTIONS WITH RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
CHAPTER 6. EXAMPLE DECISION MANAGEMENT ARCHITECTURES WITH RED HAT PROCESSAUTOMATION MANAGER
CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
APPENDIX A. VERSIONING INFORMATION
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Table of Contents
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Red Hat Process Automation Manager 7.5 Designing your decision management architecture for Red Hat Process Automation Manager
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PREFACEAs a business analyst, systems administrator, or business rules developer, the types of Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager business assets that you create and the way in which you develop, store, execute,and deploy those assets varies based on the needs of your business automation environment. You candesign a decision management architecture that uses Business Central or an external integrateddevelopment environment (IDE) for asset development, a built-in or external Git repository for storageand version control, a Process Server or embedded application for deployment, or other implementationcombinations. You can also deploy Red Hat Process Automation Manager into a Red Hat OpenShiftContainer Platform environment for an enhanced containerized implementation.
This document describes basic concepts and options for a Red Hat Process Automation Managerimplementation to consider when designing your decision management architecture. To verify the mostsuitable implementation for your environment, contact your Red Hat Technical Account Manager orSolutions Architect.
PREFACE
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CHAPTER 1. INSTALLATION ENVIRONMENT OPTIONS FORRED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
With Red Hat Process Automation Manager, you can set up a development environment to developbusiness applications, a runtime environment to run those applications to support decisions, or both.
Development environment: Typically consists of one Business Central installation and at leastone Process Server installation. You can use Business Central to design decisions and otherartifacts, and you can use Process Server to execute and test the artifacts that you created.
Runtime environment: Consists of one or more Process Server instances with or withoutBusiness Central. Business Central has an embedded Process Automation Manager controller. Ifyou install Business Central, use the Menu → Deploy → Execution servers page to create andmaintain containers. If you want to automate Process Server management without BusinessCentral, you can use the headless Process Automation Manager controller.
You can also cluster both development and runtime environments. A clustered development or runtimeenvironment consists of a unified group or "cluster" of two or more servers. The primary benefit ofclustering Red Hat Process Automation Manager development environments is high availability andenhanced collaboration, while the primary benefit of clustering Red Hat Process Automation Managerruntime environments is high availability and load balancing. High availability decreases the chance of aloss of data when a single server fails. When a server fails, another server fills the gap by providing a copyof the data that was on the failed server. When the failed server comes online again, it resumes its placein the cluster. Load balancing shares the computing load across the nodes of the cluster to improve theoverall performance.
NOTE
Clustering of the runtime environment is currently supported on Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.2and Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform only. Clustering of Business Central iscurrently a Technology Preview feature that is not yet intended for production use. Formore information about Red Hat Technology Preview support, see Technology PreviewFeatures Support Scope.
Additional resources
Planning a Red Hat Process Automation Manager installation
Red Hat Process Automation Manager 7 Supported Configurations
Red Hat Process Automation Manager 7 Component Details
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CHAPTER 2. DECISION-AUTHORING ASSETS IN RED HATPROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
Red Hat Process Automation Manager supports several assets that you can use to define businessdecisions for your decision service. Each decision-authoring asset has different advantages, and youmight prefer to use one or a combination of multiple assets depending on your goals and needs.
The following table highlights the main decision-authoring assets supported in Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager projects to help you decide or confirm the best method for defining decisions inyour decision service.
Table 2.1. Decision-authoring assets supported in Red Hat Process Automation Manager
Asset Highlights Authoring tools Documentation
Decision Modeland Notation(DMN) models
Are decision models based on anotation standard defined by theObject Management Group(OMG)
Use graphical decisionrequirements diagrams (DRDs)with one or more decisionrequirements graphs (DRGs) totrace business decision flows
Use an XML schema that allowsthe DMN models to be sharedbetween DMN-compliantplatforms
Support Friendly EnoughExpression Language (FEEL) todefine decision logic in DMNdecision tables and other DMNboxed expressions
Can be integrated efficientlywith Business Process Model andNotation (BPMN) processmodels
Are optimal for creatingcomprehensive, illustrative, andstable decision flows
Business Centralor other DMN-compliant editor
Designing adecision serviceusing DMN models
CHAPTER 2. DECISION-AUTHORING ASSETS IN RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
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Guided decisiontables Are tables of rules that you
create in a UI-based tabledesigner in Business Central
Are a wizard-led alternative tospreadsheet decision tables
Provide fields and options foracceptable input
Support template keys andvalues for creating ruletemplates
Support hit policies, real-timevalidation, and other additionalfeatures not supported in otherassets
Are optimal for creating rules ina controlled tabular format tominimize compilation errors
Business Central Designing adecision serviceusing guideddecision tables
Spreadsheetdecision tables Are XLS or XLSX spreadsheet
decision tables that you canupload into Business Central
Support template keys andvalues for creating ruletemplates
Are optimal for creating rules indecision tables already managedoutside of Business Central
Have strict syntax requirementsfor rules to be compiled properlywhen uploaded
Spreadsheeteditor
Designing adecision serviceusing spreadsheetdecision tables
Guided rulesAre individual rules that youcreate in a UI-based ruledesigner in Business Central
Provide fields and options foracceptable input
Are optimal for creating singlerules in a controlled format tominimize compilation errors
Business Central Designing adecision serviceusing guided rules
Asset Highlights Authoring tools Documentation
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Guided ruletemplates Are reusable rule structures that
you create in a UI-basedtemplate designer in BusinessCentral
Provide fields and options foracceptable input
Support template keys andvalues for creating ruletemplates (fundamental to thepurpose of this asset)
Are optimal for creating manyrules with the same rule structurebut with different defined fieldvalues
Business Central Designing adecision serviceusing guided ruletemplates
DRL rulesAre individual rules that youdefine directly in .drl text files
Provide the most flexibility fordefining rules and othertechnicalities of rule behavior
Can be created in certainstandalone environments andintegrated with Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager
Are optimal for creating rulesthat require advanced DRLoptions
Have strict syntax requirementsfor rules to be compiled properly
Business Centralor integrateddevelopmentenvironment (IDE)
Designing adecision serviceusing DRL rules
Asset Highlights Authoring tools Documentation
CHAPTER 2. DECISION-AUTHORING ASSETS IN RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
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Predictive ModelMarkup Language(PMML) models
Are predictive data-analyticmodels based on a notationstandard defined by the DataMining Group (DMG)
Use an XML schema that allowsthe PMML models to be sharedbetween PMML-compliantplatforms
Support Regression, Scorecard,Tree, Mining, and other modeltypes
Can be included with astandalone Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager project orimported into a project inBusiness Central
Are optimal for incorporatingpredictive data into decisionservices in Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager
PMML or XMLeditor
Designing adecision serviceusing PMMLmodels
Asset Highlights Authoring tools Documentation
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CHAPTER 3. PROJECT STORAGE AND BUILD OPTIONS WITHRED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
As you develop a Red Hat Process Automation Manager project, you need to be able to track theversions of your project with a version-controlled repository, manage your project assets in a stableenvironment, and build your project for testing and deployment. You can use Business Central for all ofthese tasks, or use a combination of Business Central and external tools and repositories. Red HatProcess Automation Manager supports Git repositories for project version control, Apache Maven forproject management, and a variety of Maven-based, Java-based, or custom-tool-based build options.
The following options are the main methods for Red Hat Process Automation Manager projectversioning, storage, and building:
Table 3.1. Project version control options (Git)
Versioning option Description Documentation
Business Central GitVFS
Business Central contains a built-in Git Virtual FileSystem (VFS) that stores all processes, rules, andother artifacts that you create in the authoringenvironment. Git is a distributed version controlsystem that implements revisions as commit objects.When you commit your changes into a repository, anew commit object in the Git repository is created.When you create a project in Business Central, theproject is added to the Git repository connected toBusiness Central.
NA
External Git repository If you have Red Hat Process Automation Managerprojects in Git repositories outside of BusinessCentral, you can import them into Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager spaces and use Git hooks tosynchronize the internal and external Git repositories.
Managing projects inBusiness Central
Table 3.2. Project management options (Maven)
Management option Description Documentation
CHAPTER 3. PROJECT STORAGE AND BUILD OPTIONS WITH RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
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Business Central Mavenrepository
Business Central contains a built-in Maven repositorythat organizes and builds project assets that youcreate in the authoring environment. Maven is adistributed build-automation tool that usesrepositories to store Java libraries, plug-ins, andother build artifacts. When building projects andarchetypes, Maven dynamically retrieves Javalibraries and Maven plug-ins from local or remoterepositories to promote shared dependencies acrossprojects.
NOTE
For a production environment,consider using an external Mavenrepository configured with BusinessCentral.
NA
External Mavenrepository
If you have Red Hat Process Automation Managerprojects in an external Maven repository, such asNexus or Artifactory, you can create a settings.xmlfile with connection details and add that file path tothe kie.maven.settings.custom property in yourproject standalone-full.xml file.
Maven SettingsReference
Packaging and deployinga Red Hat ProcessAutomation Managerproject
Management option Description Documentation
Table 3.3. Project build options
Build option Description Documentation
Business Central (KJAR) Business Central builds Red Hat Process AutomationManager projects stored in either the built-in Mavenrepository or a configured external Maven repository.Projects in Business Central are packagedautomatically as knowledge JAR (KJAR) files with allcomponents needed for deployment when you buildthe projects.
Packaging and deployinga Red Hat ProcessAutomation Managerproject
Standalone Mavenproject (KJAR)
If you have a standalone Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager Maven project outside ofBusiness Central, you can edit the project pom.xmlfile to package your project as a KJAR file, and thenadd a kmodule.xml file with the KIE base and KIEsession configurations needed to build the project.
Packaging and deployinga Red Hat ProcessAutomation Managerproject
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Embedded Javaapplication (KJAR)
If you have an embedded Java application fromwhich you want to build your Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager project, you can use a KieModuleModel instance to programaticallycreate a kmodule.xml file with the KIE base and KIEsession configurations, and then add all resources inyour project to the KIE virtual file system KieFileSystem to build the project.
Packaging and deployinga Red Hat ProcessAutomation Managerproject
CI/CD tool (KJAR) If you use a tool for continuous integration andcontinuous delivery (CI/CD), you can configure thetool set to integrate with your Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager Git repositories to build aspecified project. Ensure that your projects arepackaged and built as KJAR files to ensure optimaldeployment.
NA
S2I in OpenShift(container image)
If you use Red Hat Process Automation Manager onRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform, you canbuild your Red Hat Process Automation Managerprojects as KJAR files in the typical way or useSource-to-Image (S2I) to build your projects ascontainer images. S2I is a framework and a tool thatallows you to write images that use the applicationsource code as an input and produce a new imagethat runs the assembled application as an output. Themain advantage of using the S2I tool for buildingreproducible container images is the ease of use fordevelopers.
Creating Images inOpenShift
Build option Description Documentation
CHAPTER 3. PROJECT STORAGE AND BUILD OPTIONS WITH RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
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CHAPTER 4. PROJECT DEPLOYMENT OPTIONS WITH REDHAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
After you develop, test, and build your Red Hat Process Automation Manager project, you can deploythe project to begin using the business assets you have created. You can deploy a Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager project to a configured Process Server, to an embedded Java application, or into aRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform environment for an enhanced containerized implementation.
The following options are the main methods for Red Hat Process Automation Manager projectdeployment:
Table 4.1. Project deployment options
Deployment option Description Documentation
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Deployment to anOpenShift environment
Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform combinesDocker and Kubernetes and enables you to createand manage containers. You can install both BusinessCentral and Process Server on OpenShift. Red HatProcess Automation Manager provides templatesthat you can use to deploy a Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager authoring environment,managed server environment, immutable serverenvironment, or trial environment on OpenShift. WithOpenShift, components of Red Hat ProcessAutomation Manager are deployed as separateOpenShift pods. You can scale each of the pods upand down individually, providing as few or as manycontainers as necessary for a particular component.You can use standard OpenShift methods to managethe pods and balance the load.
Deploying a Red HatProcess AutomationManager immutableserver environment onRed Hat OpenShiftContainer Platform
Deploying a Red HatProcess AutomationManager authoringenvironment on Red HatOpenShift ContainerPlatform
Deploying a Red HatProcess AutomationManager freeformmanaged serverenvironment on Red HatOpenShift ContainerPlatform
Deploying a Red HatProcess AutomationManager environment onRed Hat OpenShiftContainer Platform usingAutomation Broker
Deploying a Red HatProcess AutomationManager environment onRed Hat OpenShiftContainer Platform usingOperators
Deploying a Red HatProcess AutomationManager trialenvironment on Red HatOpenShift ContainerPlatform
Deployment option Description Documentation
CHAPTER 4. PROJECT DEPLOYMENT OPTIONS WITH RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
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Deployment to ProcessServer
Process Server is the server provided with Red HatProcess Automation Manager that runs the decisionservices, process applications, and other deployableassets from a packaged and deployed Red HatProcess Automation Manager project (KJAR file).These services are consumed at run time through aninstantiated KIE container, or deployment unit. Youcan deploy and maintain deployment units in ProcessServer using Business Central or using a headlessProcess Automation Manager controller with itsassociated REST API (considered a managedProcess Server instance). You can also deploy andmaintain deployment units using the Process ServerREST API or Java client API from a standaloneMaven project, an embedded Java application, orother custom environment (considered anunmanaged Process Server instance).
Packaging and deployinga Red Hat ProcessAutomation Managerproject
Interacting with Red HatProcess AutomationManager using KIE APIs
Managing andmonitoring ProcessServer
Deployment to anembedded Javaapplication
If you want to deploy Red Hat Process AutomationManager projects to your own Java virtual machine(JVM) environment, microservice, or applicationserver, you can bundle the application resources inthe project WAR files to create a deployment unitsimilar to a KIE container. You can also use the coreKIE APIs (not Process Server APIs) to configure a KIEscanner to periodically update KIE containers.
KIE Public API
Deployment option Description Documentation
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CHAPTER 5. ASSET EXECUTION OPTIONS WITH RED HATPROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
After you build and deploy your Red Hat Process Automation Manager project to Process Server orother environment, you can execute the deployed assets for testing or for runtime consumption. Youcan also execute assets locally in addition to or instead of executing them after deployment.
The following options are the main methods for Red Hat Process Automation Manager asset execution:
Table 5.1. Asset execution options
Execution option Description Documentation
Execution in ProcessServer
If you deployed Red Hat Process AutomationManager project assets to Process Server, you canuse the Process Server REST API or Java client APIto execute and interact with the deployed assets.You can also use Business Central or the headlessProcess Automation Manager controller outside ofBusiness Central to manage the configurations andKIE containers in the Process Server instancesassociated with your deployed assets. For processdefinitions, you can use Business Central directly toexecute process instances.
Interacting with Red HatProcess AutomationManager using KIE APIs
Execution in anembedded Javaapplication
If you deployed Red Hat Process AutomationManager project assets in your own Java virtualmachine (JVM) environment, microservice, orapplication server, you can use custom APIs orapplication interactions with core KIE APIs (notProcess Server APIs) to execute assets in theembedded engine.
KIE Public API
Execution in a localenvironment forextended testing
As part of your development cycle, you can executeassets locally to ensure that the assets you havecreated in Red Hat Process Automation Managerfunction as intended. You can use local execution inaddition to or instead of executing assets afterdeployment.
"Executing rules" inDesigning a decisionservice using DRL rules
SMART ROUTER (PROCESS SERVER ROUTER)
Depending on your deployment and execution environment, you can use a Smart Routerto aggregate multiple independent Process Server instances as though they are a singleserver. Smart Router is a single endpoint that can receive calls from client applications toany of your services and route each call automatically to the Process Server that runs theservice. For more information about Smart Router, see Installing and configuring Red HatProcess Automation Manager in a Red Hat JBoss EAP clustered environment.
CHAPTER 5. ASSET EXECUTION OPTIONS WITH RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION MANAGER
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CHAPTER 6. EXAMPLE DECISION MANAGEMENTARCHITECTURES WITH RED HAT PROCESS AUTOMATION
MANAGERThe following scenarios illustrate common variations of Red Hat Process Automation Managerinstallation, asset authoring, project storage, project deployment, and asset execution in a decisionmanagement architecture. Each section summarizes the methods and tools used and the advantagesfor the given architecture. The examples are basic and are only a few of the many combinations youmight consider, depending on your specific goals and needs with Red Hat Process Automation Manager.
Red Hat Process Automation Manager authoring and managed server environments on OpenShiftwith Business Central and Process Server
Installation environment: Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat OpenShiftContainer Platform, using the rhpam75-authoring.yaml and rhpam75-kieserver.yamltemplate files
Project storage and build environment: External Git repository for project versioningsynchronized with the Business Central Git repository using Git hooks, and external Mavenrepository for project management and building configured with Process Server
Asset-authoring tool: Business Central
Main asset types: Decision Model and Notation (DMN) models for decisions and BusinessProcess Model and Notation (BPMN) models for processes
Project deployment and execution environment: Process Server on Red Hat OpenShiftContainer Platform
Scenario advantages:
Containerized implementation of Red Hat Process Automation Manager in a cloud-based development environment. Components of Red Hat Process AutomationManager are deployed as separate OpenShift pods that you can scale up and downindividually, providing as few or as many containers as necessary for a particularcomponent. You can use standard OpenShift methods to manage the pods and balancethe load.
Access to the repositories, assets, asset designers, and project build options in BusinessCentral.
Standardized asset-authoring approach using DMN and BPMN for optimal integrationand stability.
Access to Process Server functionality and KIE APIs for asset deployment andexecution.
Figure 6.1. Red Hat Process Automation Manager on OpenShift with Business Central and
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Figure 6.1. Red Hat Process Automation Manager on OpenShift with Business Central andProcess Server
Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat JBoss EAP with Business Central and ProcessServer
Installation environment: Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat JBossEnterprise Application Platform
Project storage and build environment: External Git repository for project versioningsynchronized with the Business Central Git repository using Git hooks, and external Mavenrepository for project management and building configured with Process Server
Asset-authoring tool: Business Central
Main asset types: Decision Model and Notation (DMN) models for decisions and BusinessProcess Model and Notation (BPMN) models for processes
Project deployment and execution environment: Process Server
Scenario advantages:
Stable implementation of Red Hat Process Automation Manager in an on-premisedevelopment environment
Access to the repositories, assets, asset designers, and project build options in BusinessCentral
Standardized asset-authoring approach using DMN and BPMN for optimal integrationand stability
Access to Process Server functionality and KIE APIs for asset deployment and execution
Figure 6.2. Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat JBoss EAP with Business Central
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Figure 6.2. Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat JBoss EAP with Business Centraland Process Server
Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat JBoss EAP with an IDE and Process Server
Installation environment: Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat JBossEnterprise Application Platform
Project storage and build environment: External Git repository for project versioning (notsynchronized with Business Central) and external Maven repository for project managementand building configured with Process Server
Asset-authoring tools: Integrated development environment (IDE), such as Red HatCodeReady Studio, and a spreadsheet editor or a Decision Model and Notation (DMN)modeling tool for other decision formats
Main asset types: Drools Rule Language (DRL) rules, spreadsheet decision tables, andDecision Model and Notation (DMN) models for decisions, and Business Process Model andNotation (BPMN) models for processes
Project deployment and execution environment: Process Server
Scenario advantages:
Flexible implementation of Red Hat Process Automation Manager in an on-premisedevelopment environment
Ability to define business assets using an external IDE and other asset-authoring tools ofyour choice
Access to Process Server functionality and KIE APIs for asset deployment and execution
Figure 6.3. Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat JBoss EAP with an IDE and
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Figure 6.3. Red Hat Process Automation Manager on Red Hat JBoss EAP with an IDE andProcess Server
Red Hat Process Automation Manager with an IDE and an embedded Java application
Installation environment: Red Hat Process Automation Manager libraries embedded withina custom application
Project storage and build environment: External Git repository for project versioning (notsynchronized with Business Central) and external Maven repository for project managementand building configured with your embedded Java application (not configured with ProcessServer)
Asset-authoring tools: Integrated development environment (IDE), such as Red HatCodeReady Studio, and a spreadsheet editor or a Decision Model and Notation (DMN)modeling tool for other decision formats
Main asset types: Drools Rule Language (DRL) rules, spreadsheet decision tables, andDecision Model and Notation (DMN) models for decisions, and Business Process Model andNotation (BPMN) models for processes
Project deployment and execution environment: Embedded Java application, such as in aJava virtual machine (JVM) environment, microservice, or custom application server
Scenario advantages:
Custom implementation of Red Hat Process Automation Manager in an on-premisedevelopment environment with an embedded Java application
Ability to define business assets using an external IDE and other asset-authoring tools ofyour choice
Use of custom APIs to interact with core KIE APIs (not Process Server APIs) and toexecute assets in the embedded engine
Figure 6.4. Red Hat Process Automation Manager with an IDE and an embedded Java
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Figure 6.4. Red Hat Process Automation Manager with an IDE and an embedded Javaapplication
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CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL RESOURCESPlanning a Red Hat Process Automation Manager installation
Getting started with decision services
Getting started with Red Hat Business Optimizer
Getting started with business processes
Packaging and deploying a Red Hat Process Automation Manager project
CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
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APPENDIX A. VERSIONING INFORMATIONDocumentation last updated on Thursday, October 31, 2019.
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