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Recommendations on measurement units – why and how Young Bae Lee HansenOn behalf of the IFCC-IUPAC Committee on Nomenclature for Properties and Units (C-NPU)

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T

Globally, laboratories are producing, communicating, and exchanging millions of laboratory examination values to multiple parties every day. For most values, ‘measurement units’ are required to make the nu-merical values comparable and meaningful. However, a non-systematic use of ‘measurement units’ can cre-ate errors in communication between health care pro-viders and become a risk to patient safety. Therefore, the Committee of Nomenclature for Properties and Units (C-NPU) recommends using an unambiguous terminology of ‘measurement units’, for daily patient care and scientific publications. In this work, C-NPU summarizes the recommendations on ‘measurement units’, explaining the reasons and the principles of the ‘measurement units’ used in laboratory medicine.

Corresponding author:Young Bae Lee Hansen (YBLH)Titular member of C-NPUThe Danish Health Data AuthorityØrestads Boulevard 5 DK-2300 Copenhagen S.DenmarkE-mail: [email protected]

Key words:weights and measures, metric system, international system of units, health information interoperability, health communication, medical informatics

Disclosure: The author declares no conflict of interest.

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

mailto:[email protected]

eJIFCC2019Vol30No3pp250-27551

Young Bae Lee HansenRecommendations on measurement units – why and how

INTRODUCTION

‘Measurement unit’ (unit) is a well-understood and necessary concept in laboratory medicine. Without units, most quantitative laboratory ex-amination values will not make sense and are not comparable. Dybkær and Jørgensen wrote in 1967: “To state that the mass concentration of haemoglobin in a blood sample is 25 is essen-tially meaningless. If the unit g/L is assumed, the patient is considered anaemic. If the unit g/dL is assumed, the patient is considered to be polycytaemic” (1).

With the introduction of the International System of Units (SI units) (2) in the 1960’s, the worldwide scientific laboratory societies have accepted and, to a large extent, implemented the SI units for presentation of laboratory re-ports in health care and research. However, as indicated by the recent campaign of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and laboratory Medicine (EFLM), there is never-theless a further need of standardisation or harmonisation on a national, regional, and international level (3). The campaign recom-mended implementation of the “principles on units”, proposed by Dybkær and Jørgensen in 1967 (1). These principles are more restricted than the original SI-system to ensure unambi-guity in reporting, presenting, and exchanging quantity values in health care. Each laboratory may choose any relevant units for reporting laboratory examination values, but when mul-tiple parties are involved in exchanging labora-tory reports, the choice should be limited to the “principles on units”. Arguably, the principles will reduce the risk of post-analytical errors, e.g. misunderstanding and misinterpretation of laboratory reports and errors in communication between different health care personnel and organisations.

The “principles on units” in laboratory medicine, as initially proposed by Dybkær and Jørgensen,

have been implemented in the Nomenclature for Properties and Unit (NPU) terminology (4, 5).

In this letter, we summarise the IFCC’s and IUPAC’s Recommendations and Technical Reports on relevant principles and rules on units in labora-tory medicine, and the reasons behind these principles.

KIND-OF-QUANTITY, QUANTITY, AND MEASUREMENT UNIT

In order to understand the concept ‘measure-ment unit’, it is necessary to see its close re-lation to the other essential metrological con-cepts ‘kind-of-quantity’ and ‘quantity’. ‘Mass’, ‘substance concentration’, and ‘volume fraction’ are examples of ‘kinds-of-quantity’ that place system and any relevant component in a mathe-matical relation. E.g., ‘substance concentration’ is defined as “amount-of-substance of compo-nent B divided by volume of system 1” or:

Amount-of-substance of component BVolume of system 1

On a more tangible level, the system and com-ponent can be specified further including a magnitude, e.g. :Amount-of-substance of sodium ion

Volume of Mr. Smith’s plasma= 140 mmol/L

The latter example is a ‘quantity’, having the for-mal and metrological definition “property of phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference” (6). The differ-ences between both concepts are shown in Table 1.

In laboratory medicine, eight ‘base kinds-of-quantity’ exist as listed in Table 2 with their corresponding ‘base units’ and ‘quantity di-mensions’ (5). The ‘base kinds-of-quantity (e.g. ‘amount-of-substance’) can be combined in var-ious ways, forming ‘derived kinds-of-quantity’, e.g. ‘substance concentration’.



To ‘substance concentration’, the corresponding compound unit can be, e.g., mmol/L. To a (base or derived) kind-of-quantity, several corre-sponding units are possible. Examples of corre-sponding units to ‘substance concentration’ are ‘mol/L’, ‘mmol/L’, ‘µmol/L’, ‘nmol/L’, etc. A com-prehensive description of ‘kinds-of-quantity’ and ‘measurement units’ can be found in IFCC’s and IUPAC’s ‘Silver Book’ (5)–together with ‘kind-of-nominal-property (related to ‘nominal properties’ which have no magnitude).

Reporting solely the numerical value and unit may not be sufficient information on the ex-amination because the possible corresponding ‘kind-of-quantity’ to e.g., ‘g/L’, could be ‘mass concentration’ or mass density’. Moreover, in order for the clinicians to assess the values of laboratory examinations, especially laboratory examination reports from other laboratories, it is essential to provide information about the generic nature of the laboratory examinations. Thus, C-NPU recommends to report, systemati-cally, the system, component, kind-of-quantity

(or kind-of-nominal property) and, when rele-vant, the unit for a given laboratory examination.

GENERAL RULES FOR SI UNITS AND NON-SI UNITS

It is recommended to use units with unambigu-ous definitions, accepted by international scien-tific communities. Such units can be SI units and non-SI units.

1. Base SI units

The definitions, symbols, and magnitudes of SI units are traced to accepted international refer-ences (Table 2) (2).

Examples

“The metre is the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second” (2).

“The second is the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom” (2).

Level Concepts

Examples

Verbal expression Mathematical expression

Abstract kind-of-quantity

substance concentration

Amount-of-substance of component BVolume of system 1

Measurable quantity

substance concentration of sodium ion

in Mr. Smith’s plasma is 143 mmol/L at

2:30 p.m. on 2nd May 2018.

Amount-of-substance of sodium ion Volume of Mr. Smith’s plasma

= 143 mmol/L

Table 1 Kind-of-quantity and quantity

In the example for ‘quantity’, ‘plasma’ is the ‘system’, ‘sodium ion’ is the ‘component’ and ‘substance concentration’ is the ‘kind-of-quantity’. Also, there is a magnitude according to the definition of ‘quantity’, as compared with the example for ‘kind-of-quantity’ that does not have a magnitude.



Note: From the year 2019, all seven SI base units will be defined in terms of constants. The practical use of the seven SI base units will not change (7).

2. Unit of a given magnitude should have only one expression

For a unit with a given magnitude, there are several possible expressions, e.g.:

mmolL

= µmolmL

nmolµL

pmolnL

= =

Such variety may cause errors in communication between health personnel and organisations.

To ensure unambiguity in reporting values, only one expression for a unit of a given magnitude should be used.

3. Multiples and submultiples of units

To present numerical values in the interval of 0.1–999 (8) and to make values with very large or very small numerical values readable, the units can be combined with SI prefixes, ex-pressed as either SI prefix symbols or SI prefix factors (numerical values) (Table 3).

To avoid errors in communication with potential patient mistreatments as consequences, mul-tiple combinations of SI prefixes should not be allowed. Thus, the following rules apply:

• One SI prefix per unit

• The SI prefix belongs to the numerator only

Only one SI prefix per unit should be used. Combinations of SI prefixes are to be avoided (Table 4).

Base kind-of-quantity Base unit Dimension

Term Term Symbol Symbol

length metre m L

mass kilogram kg M

time second s T

electrical current ampere A I

thermodynamic temperature kelvin K Θ

amount-of-substance mole mol N

luminous intensity candela cd J

number of entities one 1 1

Table 2 Base kinds-of-quantity, corresponding base units, and dimensions

A list of base kinds-of-quantity and their corresponding base units and dimensions from IFCC’s and IUPAC’s ‘Silver Book’ (5). Note: ‘Number of entities’ is not an SI base kind-of-quantity but is used as a base kind-of-quantity in laboratory medicine.



Table 4 Examples of one SI prefix per unit

Unit Unit symbolExamples

of deprecated unit symbols

Examination example with correct unit

Picogram pgµµg

10-6×µgThe mass of haemoglobin per erythrocyte

in Mr. Smith’s blood is 31 pg.

Millimole per litre mmol/L µmol/mL The substance concentration of sodium

in Mr. Smith’s plasma is 134 mmol/L.

Table 3 SI prefixes: factors, terms, and symbols

SI prefix table from the SI Brochure: The International System of Units (SI) [8th edition, 2006; updated in 2014] (BIPM) (2).

Factor Term Symbol Factor Term Symbol

101 deca da 10–1 deci d

102 hecto h 10–2 centi c

103 kilo k 10–3 milli m

106 mega M 10–6 micro µ

109 giga G 10–9 nano n

1012 tera T 10–12 pico p

1015 peta P 10–15 femto f

1018 exa E 10–18 atto a

1021 zetta Z 10–21 zepto z

1024 yotta Y 10–24 yocto y

An SI prefix in the denominator should be avoid-ed in a compound unit (Table 5).

An exception is that ’kilogram’ (and not ‘gram’) is the base SI unit for mass and therefore can be expressed in the denominator as ‘kg’.

4. Units for kinds-of-quantity of Dimension One (dimensionless)

Kind-of-quantity of Dimension One (dimen-sionless) is a “quantity for which all the expo-nents of the factors corresponding to the base



quantities in its quantity dimension are zero” (6). The ‘base kind-of-quantity’, ‘number of entities’ and kinds-of-quantity with the same ‘kind-of-quantity’ (dimension) in the numerator and de-nominator, e.g. ‘mass fraction’

Mass of component BMass of system 1

or ‘substance ratio’

Amount-of-substance of component BAmount-of-substance of component C

have the dimension one, according to the rules of algebra. The corresponding coherent units for these kinds-of-quantity are numerical val-ues, e.g., ‘one’ or SI prefix factors. The specified ‘kind-of-quantity’ along with the corresponding unit in the laboratory report provide the full na-ture of the quantity measured.

For the ‘kinds-of-quantity’ of Dimension One with the corresponding unit ‘one’, the unit sym-bol is often omitted for the values of these types (Table 6).

Table 5 Examples of SI prefix in the numerator

UnitUnit

symbol

Examples of deprecated

symbolsExamination example with correct unit

Micromole per litre µmol/L nmol/mL The substance concentration of bilirubins in Mr. Smith’s plasma is 8 µmol/L.

Millimole per kilogram mmol/kg µmol/g The mass of calprotectin in Mr. Smith’s faeces is 8 mmol/kg.

Table 6 Examples of the unit ‘one’ for kinds-of-quantity of Dimension One

UnitUnit

symbolExamples

of deprecated symbolsExamination example with correct unit

One 1

- The number of cavities in Mr. Smith’s teeth is 2.

kg/kg mg/mg

The mass fraction of free prostata specific antigen of total prostata specific antigen

in Mr. Smith’s plasma is 0.14.

mol/mol mmol/mmol

The substance fraction of methaemoglobin of haemoglobin in Mr. Smith’s blood is 0.03.

L/L µL/µL

The volume fraction of erythrocytes of Mr. Smith’s blood is 0.42.

s/s min/min

The time of tissue factor-induced coagulation in Mr. Smith’s plasma divided by the time of

tissue factor-induced coagulation in the certified reference material, IRP 67/40, is 1.0 (INR).



To express very small or very large values, the units should be expressed as SI prefixes, accord-ing to the rules of multiples and submultiples of units. To avoid confusion with unit symbols, SI prefix factors should be used, not the SI prefix symbols (Table 7).

Consequently, redundant units are avoided be-cause the same unit ‘one’ or SI prefix factors can represent units of various dimensionless kind-of-quantities and different expressions of a unit of a given magnitude (Table 6 and Table 8).

Another issue to address is conversion of unit from ‘one’ to ‘%’ for a kind-of-quantity of di-mension ‘one’, e.g. erythrocyte volume frac-tion (EVF). EVF can be expressed with ‘one’ or ‘%’ as units, whereas ‘one’ is usually omit-ted. Without the indication of unit, it may be tempted to convert from ‘one’ to ‘%’. Values of erythrocyte volume fraction (EVF) will be reported either as “0.42” or ”42”. Despite the small and simple conversion from ‘one’ to ‘%’ the laboratory report with both type of results

Table 7 Examples of SI prefix factors as units for kinds-of-quantity of Dimension One

* ’M’ is the SI prefix symbols for ‘mega’; ** ‘m’ is the SI prefix symbols for ‘milli’.

UnitUnit

symbol


symbols


Ten to the power of 6 per litre 106/L

M/L*

M×1/L

The number concentration of lymphocytes in Mr. Smith’s cerebrospinal

fluid is 8 × 106/L.

Ten to the power of -3 per litre 10-3/L

m/L**

m×1/L

The number concentration of RNA from Human immunodeficiency virus 1 in Mr. Smith’s plasma is 0 × 10-3/L.

Table 8 Examples of SI prefix factor representing various units

UnitUnit

symbol


symbols


Ten to the power of -3 10-3

g/kg The mass fraction of ethanol of Mr. Smith’s blood is 0.5 × 10-3.

mmol/mol

The substance ratio of albumin/creatininium in Mr. Smith’s urine is 25 × 10-3.

(The albumin value is adjusted to the amount-of-substance of creatininium in urine).

1 reticulocyte 1000 erythrocytes

The number fraction of reticulocytes of erythrocytes in Mr. Smith’s blood is 10 × 10-3.



will cause confusion, if not interpreted by a conscious human mind.

5. Units for quantities of the same sort of system, sort of component(s), and kind-of-quantity should differ at least by a factor of one thousand

A laboratory examination of a quantity with a given sort of system, sort of component(s), and kind-of-quantity can be reported with different corresponding units, according to the choice of the local laboratories. To reduce misinterpreta-tions that may occur when exchanging labora-tory results between hospitals or when health personnel change hospitals, it is recommended that the laboratories use units that differ by at least a prefix factor of one thousand (103) for the same type of examination performed in 2 or more laboratories.

E.g. Laboratory A measures the substance con-centration of epinephrine in plasma with the unit, ‘µmol/L’. Laboratory B performs the same type of measurement but present the value with a unit that differs at least by a prefix factor of one thousand. In this case Laboratory B uses the unit, ‘nmol/L’.

Example

NPU14042 Plasma—Epinephrine; substance concentration = ? µmol/L

NPU04625 Plasma—Epinephrine; substance concentration = ? nmol/L

This recommendation is to prevent overlap-ping intervals of value sets for a specific labora-tory examination. Often, value sets vary for the same laboratory examination using different units, but these variations may overlap when the units differ by a factor of 10 or 100, e.g. ‘cm’ and ‘mm’, ‘%’ and ‘‰’, or ‘dL’ and ‘L’. The overlaps can cause misinterpretation, when the clinicians incorrectly assume use of the unit they are familiar with for a result from an-other laboratory (see example below). Thus, the use of SI prefix factors: centi (c), deci (d), deca (da) and hecto (h) are discouraged, ex-cept when the units are lifted to a power (see section 7.3).

Example

Laboratories A and B (in Hospitals A and B, re-spectively) measure number fraction of the re-ticulocytes among erythrocytes in Mr. Smith’s blood with the use of two different units. The units differ by a factor of 10 (see below labora-tory reports from laboratories A and B).

The patient is regularly admitted to Hospital B, but due to practical difficulties, a blood sample from the patient is analysed by Laboratory A in the patient’s hometown. The health care per-sonnel at hospital B may not react adequate-ly on the value ‘1’ from laboratory A on 24th January, because the value lies in a familiar value set interval and could mistakenly be in-terpreted to be within Laboratory B’s reference interval (Table 9).

Table 9 Example of a cumulative laboratory report from two different laboratories

* Examination result from Lab A.; ** Examination result from Lab B.

Laboratory examination 12th Jan 20th Jan 24th JanReference

intervalUnit

Erythrocytes (Blood)—Reticulocytes; number fraction* - - 1 5–22 ×10-3

Erythrocytes (Blood)—Reticulocytes; number fraction** 1 0.8 - 0.5–2.2 ×10-2



6. Non-SI units

Besides the non-SI units accepted for use to-gether with the SI system, e.g., litre, (Table 10), there are two important internationally used expressions for non-SI units in laboratory medi-cine: ‘WHO International Unit’ (IU) and ‘(proce-dure defined unit)’ (p.d.u.).

6.1 WHO International Unit (IU)

The term ‘WHO International Unit’ (IU) does not indicate one unit but comprises a heteroge-neous group of units, each defined by interna-tionally certified reference material (CRM), (e.g. a WHO International Standard). Thus, the given CRM defines the material and magnitude of the

Table 10 Non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units

An extract of a list of accepted non-SI units from BIPM (2).

Term Symbol

litre L

tonne t

day d

hour h

minute min

Dalton Da

Table 11 Examples of use of SI prefix for ‘International Unit’ and ‘enzyme unit’

UnitUnit

symbol


symbolsExamination example with correct unit

10³ International Unit per litre

×103 IU/L kIU/L The arbitrary substance concentration

of Birch -IgE in Mr. Smith’s plasma is 10 × 103/L.

10-3 International Unit per litre

×10-3 IU/L mIU/L

The arbitrary number concentration of RNA from Hepatitis C virus in Mr. Smith’s plasma

is 200 × 10-3 IU/L.

10-3 enzyme unit per litre mU/L ×10-3 U/L The catalytic-activity concentration of guanosine

deaminase in Mr. Smith’s plasma is 250 mU/L.

103 enzyme unit per litre kU/L’ ×103 U/L

The catalytic-activity concentration of pancreatic amylase in Mr. Smith’s duodenal fluid

is 40 × 103 U/L.



unit. ‘IU’ should not be confused with the sym-bol for enzyme unit ‘U’ that is defined as ‘µmol per minute’ (5).

A current CRM may not be permanent for a specific measurand, and the magnitude of the unit may be redefined by a new CRM batch (see examples below). To distinguish between differ-ent IUs, the given CRM should be stated in the examination report.

In the NPU terminology, the specific CRM is a part of the laboratory examination code (in the examples below ‘IS 09/172’ and ‘IS 84/665’ are specific CRMs).

Examples

NPU58076 Plasma—Coagulation factor IX; arbitrary substance concentration (enzymatic; IS 09/172; procedure) = ? IU/L

NPU01636 Plasma—Coagulation factor IX; arbitrary substance concentration (enzymatic; IS 84/665; procedure) = ? IU/L

Note: The modifier ‘arbitrary’ is ambiguous. Sometimes it is used for ‘random’. This is not the case here. An ‘arbitrary substance concentra-tion’ is a substance concentration decided and defined by an ‘arbiter’. In this case ‘WHO’ is the ‘arbiter’.

The use of SI prefix factors is allowed in de-scriptions of very small or very large values, because the international CRM has a well-de-fined magnitude. However, SI prefixes are not recommended in combination with IU expres-sions due to confusion with the symbol for the ‘enzyme unit’, U (Table 11). E.g. ‘kU/L’ can be mistaken for ‘kIU/L’, and ‘mU/L’ for ‘mIU/L’.

6.2 Procedure defined unit (p.d.u.)

If the unit is defined by a measurement proce-dure that is not traceable to an international unit or an international CRM, the laboratory must describe and term the unit used. Such units are frequently termed ‘arbitrary unit’,

‘arbitrary unit/L’, ‘ELISA unit’, etc. — with-out any indication of either dimension or magnitude.

The NPU terminology uses the term ‘(proce-dure defined unit)’, symbolized ‘(p.d.u.)’, to indicate that the NPU terminology does not specify the unit for the kind-of-quantity in question. Although it may appear to be a well-defined unit, the concept contains a heteroge-neous group of arbitrary and proprietary units.

It reflects the disagreement of the unit mag-nitudes between different assays and no com-mon CRM.

The actual magnitude of the unit depends on the analytical measurement procedure, and it is the responsibility of the laboratory to com-municate the required information for clinical evaluation of the laboratory reports.

Thus, the ‘(procedure defined unit)’ is a simple placeholder for the units that one or more labo-ratories have termed and described.

Local symbols for these non-SI units should not look like SI-units, such as ‘mg/L’, to prevent mis-understanding of laboratory values.

Example

NPU29718 Plasma—3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl -coenzyme A reductase antibody (IgG); arbitrary substance concentration (procedure) = ? (procedure defined unit)

In this case, the local term for the ‘(procedure defined unit)’ could be, e.g., ‘arbitrary unit/L’.

Combinations of the term ‘(p.d.u.)’ with SI pre-fixes and/or SI- or non-SI units are meaningless, as they may represent units of any magnitude and dimension (Table 12).

Comparisons on a national or regional level re-quire harmonisation and pre-coordination for the laboratory examinations using ‘(p.d.u.)’ as unit.



7. Exceptions

Units that violate some of the above rules may exceptionally be accepted as follows.

7.1 International recommendation on specific units

Well-defined and unambiguous units that vio-late the above stated rules may be acceptable for use if an international recommendation has been established.

Example

‘Millimole per mole’ (‘mmol/mol’) was recom-mended by IFCC for the laboratory examination of ‘HbA1C’ (9).

7.2 Per cent

Many kinds-of-quantity defined as fractions are by convention and very long tradition expressed with the unit ‘per cent’ (‘%’ or ‘10-2’), however, it is recommended to use caution when using this unit due to the high risk of errors in communica-tion between health personnel, as explained in section 5. Therefore, if there is a strong inter-national need of using ‘%’ as unit for a spe-cific laboratory examination, an international

recommendation needs to be established for that specific laboratory examination.

Example

‘Per cent’ was recommended by IFCC for the laboratory examination ‘carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT)’ (10).

NPU57406 Transferrin (Plasma)—Disialotransferrin; substance fraction (IFCC 2016) = ? %

Consequently, for the NPU terminology, NPU codes for that laboratory examination, using ‘one’ or ‘10-3‘ as units, cannot be established due to risk of misinterpretation of exchanged labora-tory results. This will ensure that only ‘%’ will be reported in any laboratory.

7.3 Units lifted to a power

For units lifted to a power, e.g. ‘cm2‘ and ‘m3‘, the SI prefixes with a factor less than 1000 are ac-ceptable for a laboratory examination with the same system, component, and kind-of-quantity. E.g. ‘mm2’, ‘cm2’, ‘dm2’ and ‘m2’ are acceptable, because they ensure steps of at least a factor of 100 between the numerical values.

Table 12 Examples of use of procedure defined unit

UnitUnit

symbol


symbolsExamination example

Procedure defined

unit(p.d.u.)

(p.d.u.)/kg

The arbitrary substance content of haemoglobin

in Mr. Smith’s faeces is 20 ELISA unit/kg.

m(p.d.u.)

10-3× (p.d.u.)



The intervals of the value sets for these units are not overlapping, and there is no increased risk of misinterpretation in exchanging labora-tory reports.

Examples

Patient—Body Surface; area = 1.8 m²

Patient—Body Surface; area = 180 dm²

Patient—Body Surface; area = 18 000 cm²

Patient—Body Surface; area = 1 800 000 mm²

Note: The two bottom entries should for read-ability purposes not be established (see Section 3: Multiples and submultiples of units).

CONCLUSION

Globally, millions of laboratory examinations are performed, communicated, exchanged, and presented every day. Moreover, as patients (and health care personnel) are traveling between hospitals and other health care organisations, patient health data are communicated between these organisations as well.

The risk of post-analytical misinterpretations — especially of the exchanged laboratory data — is, thus, high and may induce errors in patient care. To reduce risk and support optimal interopera-bility, the reviewed principles on measurement units are recommended for use by all parties in health care IT systems and organisations, and in scientific publications in the field of health care.

To illustrate our recommendations regarding measurement units, we provide a list of two hundred frequent laboratory examinations with units as used in Danish, Dutch, Norwegian, and Swedish laboratories. See Supplement to ‘mea-surement units’ (in Table 13, after the References section).

In memory of Rene Dybkær and his tremendous contribution to laboratory medicine.

Vocabulary

component: part of a system (5)

kind-of-nominal-property: defining aspect, common to mutually comparable nominal properties (11)

kind-of-quantity: aspect common to mutually comparable quantities (6)

nominal property: property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has no size (11)

numerical quantity value: (numerical value, value): number in the expression of a quantity value, other than any number serving as the reference (6)

ordinal kind-of-quantity: quantity, defined by a conventional measurement procedure, for which a total ordering relation can be estab-lished, according to magnitude, with other quantities of the same kind, but for which no algebraic operations among those quantities exist (6)

quantity value: number and reference together expressing magnitude of a quantity (6)

system: part or phenomenon of the perceivable or conceivable world consisting of a demarcated arrangement of a set of elements and a set of re-lations or processes between these elements (5)

REFERENCES

1. Dybkær R, Jørgensen K. Quantities and Units in Clinical Chemistry -Including Recommendation 1966 of the Comi-ision on Clinical Chemistry of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and of the International Fed-eration for Clinical Chemistry. Copenhagen: Munksgaard; 1967. 102 p.

2. Mesures BIdPe. SI Brochure: The International System of Units (SI). In: Mesures BIdPe, editor. 8th edition ed. https://www.bipm.org2014.

https://www.bipm.org2014



3. Ceriotti F. EFLM campaign for the harmonization of the units of measurement2016:[2 p.]. Available from: h t t p : / / w w w. i f c c . o r g / i f c c - c o m m u n i c a t i o n s -publ i cat ions-d iv i s ion- (cpd)/ i fcc -pub l i cat ions/enewsletter/.

4. Magdal U, Dybkaer R, Olesen H. Properties and units in the clinical laboratory sciences, Part XXIII. The NPU ter-minology, principles and implementation -a user’s guide (Technical Report 2011) (IFCC-IUPAC). Clin Chem Lab Med. 2012;50(1):35-50.

5. Férard G, Dybkaer R, Fuentes-Arderiu X. Compendium of Terminology and Nomenclature of Properties in Clini-cal Laboratory Sciences : Recommendations 2016. 1 ed: Royal Society of Chemistry; 2017. 182 p.

6. Mesures BIdPe. International Vocabulary of Metrol-ogy – Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms VIM 3rd edition JCGM 200:2012 (JCGM 200:2008 with minor corrections). https://www.bipm.org: Bureau In-ternational des Poids et Mesures; 2008.

7. Gibney E. New definitions of scientific units are on the horizon. Nature. 2017;550(7676):312-3.

8. Standardization ECf. Health informatics. Expression of re-sults of measurements in health sciences. EN 12435:2006. p. 120.

9. International Federation Of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine ISD, Nordin G, Dybkaer R. Rec-ommendation for term and measurement unit for “HbA1c”. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2007;45(8):1081-2.

10. Schellenberg F, Wielders J, Anton R, Bianchi V, Deenmamode J, Weykamp C, et al. IFCC approved HPLC reference measurement procedure for the alcohol consumption biomarker carbohydrate-deficient trans-ferrin (CDT): Its validation and use. Clin Chim Acta. 2017;465:91-100.

11. Nordin G, Dybkaer R, Forsum U, Fuentes-Arderiu X, Pontet F. Vocabulary on nominal property, examina-tion, and related concepts for clinical laboratory sci-ences (IFCC-IUPAC Recommendations 2017). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2017:23.

http://www.ifcc.org/ifcc-communications-publications-division-(cpd)/ifcc-publications/enewsletter/



https://www.bipm.org

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319

Bloo

d—Ha

emog

lobi

n(Fe

); su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

B—Ha

emog

lobi

n(Fe

); su

bst.c

. = ?

mm

ol/L

Bloo

dHa

emog

lobi

nFe

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

4N

PU03

429

Plas

ma—

Sodi

um io

n;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Sodi

um io

n; su

bst.c

. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aSo

dium

ion

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

5N

PU02

593

Bloo

d—Le

ukoc

ytes

; nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n =

? ×

109/

LB—

Leuk

ocyt

es; n

um.c

. = ?

×

10<s

up>9

</su

p>/L

Bloo

dLe

ukoc

ytes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

6AL

ATN

PU19

651

Plas

ma—

Alan

ine

trans

amin

ase;

cata

lytic

conc

entra

tion(

IFCC

200

2) =

? U/

LP—

Alan

ine

tran

sam

inas

e;

cat.c

.(IFC

C 20

02) =

? U

/LPl

asm

aAl

anin

e tr

ans-

amin

ase

cata

lytic

co

ncen

trati

onIF

CC 2

002

U/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

7CR

PN

PU19

748

Plas

ma—

C-re

activ

e pr

otei

n;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? m

g/L

P—C-

reac

tive

prot

ein;

m

ass c

. = ?

mg/

LPl

asm

aC-

reac

tive

prot

ein

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onm

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

8Pl

atel

ets

NPU

0356

8Bl

ood—

Thro

mbo

cyte

s;

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—Th

rom

bocy

tes;

num

.c.

= ?

× 10

9

/LBl

ood

Thro

mbo

cyte

snu

mbe

r co

ncen

trati

on×

109/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

9N

PU18

016

Plas

ma—

Crea

tinin

ium

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

µm

ol/L

P—Cr

eatin

iniu

m;

subs

t.c. =

? µ

mol

/LPl

asm

aCr

eatin

iniu

msu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

10AL

PN

PU27

783

Plas

ma—

Alka

line

phos

phat

ase;

ca

taly

tic c

once

ntra

tion(

37 °C

; pr

oced

ure)

= ?

U/L

P—Al

kalin

e ph

osph

atas

e;

cat.c

.(37

°C; p

roc.

) = ?

U/L

Plas

ma

Alka

line

phos

-ph

atas

eca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

37 °C

; pr

oced

ure

U/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

11N

PU19

673

Plas

ma—

Albu

min

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion(

proc

edur

e) =

? g

/LP—

Albu

min

; m

ass c

.(pro

c.) =

? g

/LPl

asm

aAl

bum

inm

ass

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

eg/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

12AL

ATN

PU19

981

Plas

ma—

Alan

ine

tran

sam

inas

e;

cata

lytic

con

cent

ratio

n(IF

CC 2

002)

=

? µk

at/L

P—Al

anin

e tr

ansa

min

ase;

ca

t.c.(I

FCC

2002

) = ?

µka

t/L

Plas

ma

Alan

ine

tran

s-am

inas

eca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

IFCC

200

2µk

at/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

13AL

PN

PU01

144

Plas

ma—

Alka

line

phos

phat

ase;

ca

taly

tic c

once

ntra

tion(

37 °C

; pr

oced

ure)

= ?

µka

t/L

P—Al

kalin

e ph

osph

atas

e;

cat.c

.(37

°C; p

roc.

) = ?

µk

at/L

Plas

ma

Alka

line

phos

-ph

atas

eca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

37 °C

; pr

oced

ure

µkat

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

14N

PU01

933

Bloo

d—Eo

sinop

hilo

cyte

s;

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—Eo

sinop

hilo

cyte

s;

num

.c. =

? ×

10

9

/L

Bloo

dEo

sinop

hilo

-cy

tes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

15N

PU02

636

Bloo

d—Ly

mph

ocyt

es; n

umbe

r con

-ce

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—Ly

mph

ocyt

es; n

um.c

. =

? ×

10<s

up>9

</su

p>/L

Bloo

dLy

mph

ocyt

esnu

mbe

r co

ncen

trati

on×

109/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

16N

PU02

840

Bloo

d—M

onoc

ytes

; nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n =

? ×

109/

LB—

Mon

ocyt

es; n

um.c

. = ?

×

10<s

up>9

</su

p>/L

Bloo

dM

onoc

ytes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

17N

PU01

349

Bloo

d—Ba

soph

ilocy

tes;

nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n =

? ×

109/

LB—

Baso

philo

cyte

s; n

um.c

. =

? ×

10<s

up>9

</su

p>/L

Bloo

dBa

soph

ilo-

cyte

snu

mbe

r co

ncen

trati

on×

109/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

18N

PU04

998

Plas

ma—

Crea

tinin

ium

; sub

stan

ce

conc

entr

ation

(enz

ymati

c) =

? µ

mol

/LP—

Crea

tinin

ium

; su

bst.c

.(enz

.) =

? µm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Crea

tinin

ium

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onen

zym

atic

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

Tab

le 1

3S

up

ple

me

nt

to ‘m

ea

sure

me

nt

un

its’

19AS

ATN

PU22

279

Plas

ma—

Aspa

rtat

e tr

ansa

min

ase;

ca

taly

tic c

once

ntra

tion(

IFCC

200

2) =

?

µkat

/L

P—As

part

ate

tran

sam

i-na

se; c

at.c

.(IFC

C 20

02) =

?

µkat

/L

Plas

ma

Aspa

rtat

e tr

ansa

min

ase

cata

lytic

co

ncen

trati

onIF

CC 2

002

µkat

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

20N

PU01

370

Plas

ma—

Bilir

ubin

s;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? µ

mol

/LP—

Bilir

ubin

s; su

bst.c

. = ?

µm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Bilir

ubin

ssu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

21N

PU02

902

Bloo

d—N

eutr

ophi

locy

tes;

nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n =

? ×

109/

LB—

Neu

trop

hilo

cyte

s;

num

.c. =

? ×

10

9

/L

Bloo

dN

eutr

ophi

lo-

cyte

snu

mbe

r co

ncen

trati

on×

109/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

22Hb

A1c

(IFCC

)N

PU27

300

Haem

oglo

bin

beta

cha

in(B

lood

)—N

-(1-d

eoxy

fruc

tos-

1-yl

)hae

mog

lobi

n be

ta c

hain

; su

bsta

nce

frac

tion

= ?

mm

ol/m

ol

Haem

oglo

bin

beta

ch

ain(

B)—

N-(1

-deo

xyfr

uc-

tos-

1-yl

)hae

mog

lobi

n be

ta

chai

n; su

bst.f

r. =

? m

mol

/m

ol

Haem

o-gl

obin

be

ta

chai

n

Bloo

dN

-(1-d

eoxy

-fr

ucto

s-1-

yl)

haem

oglo

bin

beta

cha

in

subs

tanc

e fr

actio

nm

mol

/mol

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

23eA

G (e

stim

ated

Av

erag

e Gl

ucos

e)

NPU

2741

2Pl

asm

a—Gl

ucos

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(a

vera

ge;

Hb A

1c; p

roce

dure

) = ?

mm

ol/L

P—Gl

ucos

e;

subs

t.c.(a

vera

ge; H

b A1

c;

proc

.) =

? m

mol

/L

Plas

ma

Gluc

ose

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onav

erag

e;

Hb A

1c;

proc

edur

e

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

24N

PU01

459

Plas

ma—

Carb

amid

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Carb

amid

e;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aCa

rbam

ide

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

25TS

HN

PU03

577

Plas

ma—

Thyr

otro

pin;

ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(IR

P 80

/558

; pro

cedu

re) =

? ×

10-

3 IU

/L

P—Th

yrot

ropi

n;

arb.

subs

t.c.(I

RP 8

0/55

8;

proc

.) =

? ×

10<s

up>-

3

IU/L

Plas

ma

Thyr

otro

pin

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

IRP

80/5

58;

proc

edur

e×

10-3

IU/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

26Hb

A1c

(DCC

T)N

PU29

296

Haem

oglo

bin(

Fe;B

lood

)—Ha

emog

lobi

n A1

c(Fe

); su

bsta

nce

frac

tion(

NGS

P) =

? %

Hb(F

e; B

)—Ha

emog

lobi

n A1

c(Fe

); su

bst.f

r.(N

GSP)

=

? %

Haem

o-gl

obin

Fe;

Bloo

dHa

emog

lobi

n A1

cFe

subs

tanc

e fr

actio

nN

GSP

%Cl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

27To

tal c

ho-

lest

erol

NPU

0156

6Pl

asm

a—Ch

oles

tero

l+es

ter;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Chol

este

rol+

este

r; su

bst.c

. = ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Chol

este

rol

+est

ersu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

28LD

LN

PU01

568

Plas

ma—

Chol

este

rol+

este

r, in

LDL

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P—Ch

oles

tero

l+es

ter,

in

LDL;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aCh

oles

tero

l +e

ster

, in

LDL

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

29HD

LN

PU01

567

Plas

ma—

Chol

este

rol+

este

r, in

HDL

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P—Ch

oles

tero

l+es

ter,

in

HDL;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aCh

oles

tero

l +e

ster

, in

HDL

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

30GG

TN

PU22

283

Plas

ma—

gam

ma-

Glut

amyl

tran

sfer

ase;

ca

taly

tic c

once

ntra

tion(

IFCC

200

2) =

?

µkat

/L

P—ga

mm

a-Gl

utam

yltr

ansf

eras

e;

cat.c

.(IFC

C 20

02) =

? µ

kat/

L

Plas

ma

gam

ma-

Glut

amyl

-tr

ansf

eras

eca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

IFCC

200

2µk

at/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

31N

PU26

880

Eryt

hroc

ytes

(Blo

od)—

Haem

oglo

bin;

en

titic

mas

s = ?

pg

Ercs

(B)—

Haem

oglo

bin;

en

titic

mas

s = ?

pg

Eryt

hro-

cyte

sBl

ood

Haem

oglo

bin

entiti

c m

ass

pgCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

32N

PU26

631

Bloo

d—M

etam

yelo

cyte

s+M

yelo

cyte

s +P

rom

yelo

cyte

s;

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—M

etam

yelo

cyte

s+M

yel

ocyt

es+P

rom

yelo

cyte

s;

num

.c. =

? ×

10

9

/L

Bloo

dM

etam

y-el

ocyt

es +

M

yelo

cyte

s +

Prom

yelo

-cy

tes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

33LD

HN

PU19

658

Plas

ma—

L-La

ctat

e de

hydr

ogen

ase;

ca

taly

tic c

once

ntra

tion(

IFCC

200

2) =

?

U/L

P—L-

Lact

ate

dehy

drog

e-na

se;

cat.c

.(IFC

C 20

02) =

? U

/L

Plas

ma

L-La

ctat

e

dehy

drog

e-na

se

cata

lytic

co

ncen

trati

onIF

CC 2

002

U/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

34Tr

igly

cer-

ides

NPU

0409

4Pl

asm

a—Tr

igly

cerid

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Trig

lyce

ride;

su

bst.c

. = ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Trig

lyce

ride

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

35M

CVN

PU01

944

Bloo

d—Er

ythr

ocyt

es;

entiti

c vo

lum

e =

? fL

B—Er

ythr

ocyt

es;

entiti

c vo

l. =

? fL

Bloo

dEr

ythr

ocyt

esen

titic

volu

me

fLCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

36Ha

emat

o-cr

itN

PU01

961

Bloo

d—Er

ythr

ocyt

es;

volu

me

frac

tion

= ?

B—Er

ythr

ocyt

es;

vol.f

r. =

?Bl

ood

Eryt

hroc

ytes

volu

me

frac

tion

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

37Ca

lciu

mN

PU01

443

Plas

ma—

Calc

ium

(II);

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Calc

ium

(II);

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aCa

lciu

mII

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

38Vi

tam

in

B12

NPU

0170

0Pl

asm

a—Co

bala

min

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

pm

ol/L

P—Co

bala

min

; su

bst.c

. = ?

pm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Coba

lam

insu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

pmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

39Ca

lciu

m

ion

NPU

0414

4Pl

asm

a—Ca

lciu

m io

n(fr

ee);

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(p

H =

7.

40;p

roce

dure

) = ?

mm

ol/L

P—Ca

lciu

m io

n(fr

ee);

subs

t.c.(p

H =

7.40

; pr

oc.)

= ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Calc

ium

ion

free

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onpH

= 7

.40;

pr

oced

ure

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

40N

PU02

192

Plas

ma—

Gluc

ose;

su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P—Gl

ucos

e;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aGl

ucos

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

41M

CHC

NPU

0232

1Er

ythr

ocyt

es(B

lood

)—Ha

emog

lobi

n(Fe

); su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

Ercs

(B)—

Haem

oglo

bin(

Fe);

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LEr

ythr

o-cy

tes

Bloo

dHa

emog

lobi

nFe

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

42GG

TN

PU19

657

Plas

ma—

gam

ma-

Glut

amyl

tran

sfer

ase;

ca

taly

tic c

once

ntra

tion(

IFCC

200

2)

= ?

U/L

P—ga

mm

a-Gl

utam

yltr

ansf

eras

e;

cat.c

.(IFC

C 20

02) =

? U

/L

Plas

ma

gam

ma-

Glut

amyl

-tr

ansf

eras

eca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

IFCC

200

2U

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

43Pr

othr

om-

bine

tim

eN

PU18

878

Plas

ma—

Coag

ulati

on, ti

ssue

fa

ctor

-indu

ced;

arb

itrar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(coa

gula

tion;

pr

oced

ure)

= ?

(p.d

.u.)

P—Co

agul

ation

, tiss

ue

fact

or-in

duce

d; a

rb.

subs

t.c.(c

oag.

; pro

c.) =

?

(p.d

.u.)

Plas

ma

Coag

ulati

on,

tissu

e fa

ctor

-in

duce

d

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

coag

ulati

on;

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Tr

ombo

sis a

nd

Haem

osta

sisRa

tio

44Vi

tam

in

D2+D

3N

PU10

267

Plas

ma—

Calc

ifedi

ol+2

5-Hy

drox

yerg

ocal

cife

rol;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? n

mol

/L

P—Ca

lcife

diol

+25-

Hydr

oxye

rgoc

alci

fero

l; su

bst.c

. = ?

nm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Calc

ifedi

ol+

25-H

ydro

xyer

-go

calc

ifero

l

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onnm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

45N

PU01

960

Bloo

d—Er

ythr

ocyt

es;

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

12/L

B—Er

ythr

ocyt

es; n

um.c

. =

? ×

10<s

up>1

2</s

up>/

LBl

ood

Eryt

hroc

ytes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

12/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

4625

-Hyd

roxy

-V

itam

in

D2

NPU

2681

0Pl

asm

a—25

-Hyd

roxy

ergo

calc

ifero

l; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

nm

ol/L

P—25

-Hy

drox

yerg

ocal

cife

rol;

subs

t.c. =

? n

mol

/L

Plas

ma

25-

Hydr

oxye

rgo-

calc

ifero

lsu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

nmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

47N

PU19

763

Plas

ma—

Ferr

itin;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

P—Fe

rriti

n;

mas

s c. =

? µ

g/L

Plas

ma

Ferr

itin

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

48N

PU19

653

Plas

ma—

Amyl

ase,

pan

crea

tic ty

pe;

cata

lytic

con

cent

ratio

n(IF

CC 2

006)

=

? U

/L

P—Am

ylas

e, p

ancr

eatic

ty

pe;

cat.c

.(IFC

C 20

06) =

? U

/L

Plas

ma

Amyl

ase,

pa

ncre

atic

type

cata

lytic

co

ncen

trati

onIF

CC 2

006

U/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

49N

PU02

508

Plas

ma—

Iron;

su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

µm

ol/L

P—Iro

n;

subs

t.c. =

? µ

mol

/LPl

asm

aIro

nsu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

50N

PU03

096

Plas

ma—

Phos

phat

e(P;

inor

gani

c);

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Phos

phat

e(P;

inor

gani

c);

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aPh

osph

ate

(P;

inor

gani

c)su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

51N

PU03

688

Plas

ma—

Ura

te; s

ubst

ance

co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Ura

te;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aU

rate

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

52N

PU04

133

Plas

ma—

Iron

bind

ing

capa

city

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

µm

ol/L

P—Iro

n bi

ndin

g ca

paci

ty;

subs

t.c. =

? µ

mol

/LPl

asm

aIro

n bi

ndin

g ca

paci

tysu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

53N

PU19

652

Plas

ma—

Amyl

ase;

cat

alyti

c co

ncen

trati

on(IF

CC 2

006)

= ?

U/L

P—Am

ylas

e;

cat.c

.(IFC

C 20

06) =

? U

/LPl

asm

aAm

ylas

eca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

IFCC

200

6U

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

54Fr

ee T

4N

PU03

579

Plas

ma—

Thyr

oxin

e(fr

ee);

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? p

mol

/LP—

Thyr

oxin

e(fr

ee);

subs

t.c. =

? p

mol

/LPl

asm

aTh

yrox

ine

free

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onpm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

55LD

HN

PU22

289

Plas

ma—

L-La

ctat

e de

hydr

ogen

ase;

ca

taly

tic c

once

ntra

tion(

IFCC

200

2) =

?

µkat

/L

P—L-

Lact

ate

dehy

drog

e-na

se; c

at.c

.(IFC

C 20

02) =

?

µkat

/L

Plas

ma

L-La

ctat

e

dehy

drog

enas

eca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

IFCC

200

2µk

at/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

56U

rinar

y al

bum

in

excr

etion

ad

just

ed

for

crea

tinin

e

NPU

1966

1U

rine—

Albu

min

/Cre

atini

nium

; m

ass r

atio

= ?

× 10

-3 IU

/LU

—Al

bum

in/C

reati

nini

um;

mas

s rati

o =

? ×

10<s

up>-

3</s

up>

Urin

eAl

bum

in/

Crea

tinin

ium

mas

s rati

o×

10-3

IU/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

57N

PU19

986

Plas

ma—

Amyl

ase,

pan

crea

tic ty

pe;

cata

lytic

con

cent

ratio

n(IF

CC 2

006)

=

? µk

at/L

P—Am

ylas

e, p

ancr

eatic

ty

pe; c

at.c

.(IFC

C 20

06) =

?

µkat

/L

Plas

ma

Amyl

ase,

pa

ncre

atic

type

cata

lytic

co

ncen

trati

onIF

CC 2

006

µkat

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

58M

CHN

PU02

320

Eryt

hroc

ytes

(Blo

od)—

Haem

oglo

bin(

Fe);

entiti

c am

ount

-of-s

ubst

ance

= ?

fmol

Ercs

(B)—

Haem

oglo

bin(

Fe);

entiti

c am

.s. =

? fm

olEr

ythr

o-cy

tes

Bloo

dHa

emog

lobi

nFe

entiti

c am

ount

-of-

subs

tanc

e

fmol

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

59N

PU08

694

Bloo

d—Re

ticul

ocyt

es;

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—Re

ticul

ocyt

es; n

um.c

. =

? ×

10<s

up>9

</su

p>/L

Bloo

dRe

ticul

ocyt

esnu

mbe

r co

ncen

trati

on×

109/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

60Ad

just

ed

Calc

ium

NPU

0416

9Pl

asm

a—Ca

lciu

m(II

); su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(adj

uste

d;

proc

edur

e) =

? m

mol

/L

P—Ca

lciu

m(II

); su

bst.c

.(adj

.; pr

oc.)

= ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Calc

ium

IIsu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

adju

sted

; pr

oced

ure

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

61N

PU02

070

Plas

ma—

Fola

te;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? n

mol

/LP—

Fola

te;

subs

t.c. =

? n

mol

/LPl

asm

aFo

late

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onnm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

62N

PU04

073

Plas

ma—

Hom

ocys

tein

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? µ

mol

/LP—

Hom

ocys

tein

e;

subs

t.c. =

? µ

mol

/LPl

asm

aHo

moc

yste

ine

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onµm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

63N

PU22

089

Plas

ma(

cord

Blo

od)—

Gluc

ose;

su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P(cB

)—Gl

ucos

e;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aco

rd

Bloo

dGl

ucos

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

64N

PU02

647

Plas

ma—

Mag

nesiu

m(II

); su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P—M

agne

sium

(II);

su

bst.c

. = ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Mag

nesiu

mII

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

65Pr

o-BN

PN

PU21

571

Plas

ma—

Pro-

brai

n na

triu

retic

pe

ptide

(1-7

6);

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? ng

/L

P—Pr

o-br

ain

natr

iure

tic

pepti

de(1

-76)

; mas

s c. =

?

ng/L

Plas

ma

Pro-

brai

n na

triu

retic

pe

ptide

(1-7

6)

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onng

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

66pC

O2

NPU

0147

0Pl

asm

a(Ar

teria

l blo

od)—

Carb

on d

ioxid

e;

tens

ion(

37 °C

) = ?

kPa

P(aB

)—Ca

rbon

dio

xide

; te

nsio

n(37

°C) =

? k

PaPl

asm

aAr

teria

l bl

ood

Carb

on

diox

ide

tens

ion

37 °C

kPa

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

67N

PU09

105

Plas

ma—

Calc

ifedi

ol+e

rgoc

alci

fero

l; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

nm

ol/L

P— Calc

ifedi

ol+e

rgoc

alci

fero

l; su

bst.c

. = ?

nm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Calc

ifedi

ol+e

rgoc

alci

f-er

ol

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onnm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

68pO

2N

PU08

977

Plas

ma(

Arte

rial b

lood

)—O

xyge

n(O

2

); te

nsio

n (3

7 °C

) = ?

kPa

P(aB

)—O

xyge

n(O

2

); te

nsio

n(37

°C) =

? k

Pa

Plas

ma

Arte

rial

bloo

dO

xyge

nO

2

tens

ion

37 °C

kPa

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

69CK

NPU

1965

6Pl

asm

a—Cr

eatin

e ki

nase

; cat

alyti

c co

ncen

trati

on(IF

CC 2

002)

= ?

U/L

P—Cr

eatin

e ki

nase

; ca

t.c.(I

FCC

2002

) = ?

U/L

Plas

ma

Crea

tine

kina

seca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

IFCC

200

2U

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

70N

PU09

102

Urin

e—Cr

eatin

iniu

m;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LU

—Cr

eatin

iniu

m;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LU

rine

Crea

tinin

ium

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

71N

PU28

172

Bloo

d—N

eutr

ophi

locy

tes(

segm

ente

d+ba

nd);

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—N

eutr

ophi

locy

tes(

segm

ente

d+ba

nd);

num

.c. =

? × 10

9

/L

Bloo

dN

eutr

ophi

lo-

cyte

sse

g-m

ente

d +

band

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

72N

PU03

943

Plas

ma(

Arte

rial b

lood

)—La

ctat

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP(

aB)—

Lact

ate;

su

bst.c

. = ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Arte

rial

bloo

dLa

ctat

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

73N

PU19

677

Urin

e—Al

bum

in; m

ass

conc

entr

ation

(pro

cedu

re) =

? m

g/L

U—

Albu

min

; m

ass c

.(pro

c.) =

? m

g/L

Urin

eAl

bum

inm

ass

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

em

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

74N

PU28

842

Urin

e—Al

bum

in/C

reati

nini

um;

mas

s coe

ffici

ent(

mas

s/am

ount

-of-

subs

tanc

e;pr

oced

ure)

= ?

g/m

ol

U—

Albu

min

/Cre

atini

nium

; m

ass c

oeffi

cien

t(m

ass/

am.s

.; pr

oc.)

= ?

g/m

ol

Urin

eAl

bum

in/

Crea

tinin

ium

mas

s co

effici

ent

mas

s/am

ount

-of

-sub

stan

ce;

proc

edur

esp

roce

dure

-su

bsta

nce;

proc

edur

esu

bsta

nce;

esub

stan

ce;

proc

edur

e

g/m

olCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

75VL

DLN

PU01

569

Plas

ma—

Chol

este

rol+

este

r, in

VLD

L;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Chol

este

rol+

este

r, in

VL

DL; s

ubst

.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aCh

oles

tero

l+e

ster

, in

VLD

L

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

76N

PU04

191

Tran

sfer

rin(F

e-bi

ndin

g sit

es;P

lasm

a)—

Iron;

subs

tanc

e fr

actio

n =

? Tr

ansf

errin

(Fe-

bind

ing

sites

; P)

—Iro

n; su

bst.f

r. =

?Tr

ansf

er-

rinFe

-bi

ndin

g sit

es;

Plas

ma

Iron

subs

tanc

e fr

actio

nCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

77CO

2N

PU01

472

Plas

ma(

Veno

us b

lood

)—Ca

rbon

dio

xide;

su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P(vB

)—Ca

rbon

dio

xide

; su

bst.c

. = ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Veno

us

bloo

dCa

rbon

di

oxid

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

78U

rine

pHN

PU02

415

Urin

e—Hy

drog

en io

n;

pH(p

roce

dure

) = ?

U

—Hy

drog

en io

n;

pH(p

roc.

) = ?

Urin

eHy

drog

en io

npH

proc

edur

eCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Loga

-rit

h-m

ic

79Fa

sting

tr

igly

cerid

esN

PU03

620

Plas

ma(

fasti

ng P

atien

t)—

Trig

lyce

ride;

su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P(fP

t)—

Trig

lyce

ride;

su

bst.c

. = ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

fasti

ng

Patie

ntTr

igly

cerid

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

80Ba

se

exce

ssN

PU03

815

Extr

acel

lula

r flui

d—Ba

se e

xces

s;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(a

ctua

l-nor

m)

= ?

mm

ol/L

Ecf—

Base

exc

ess;

su

bst.c

.(act

ual-n

orm

) = ?

m

mol

/L

Extr

acel

-lu

lar

fluid

Base

exc

ess

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onac

tual

-nor

mm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Dif-

fere

n-tia

l

81Hb

A1c

NPU

0383

5Ha

emog

lobi

n(Fe

;Blo

od)—

Haem

oglo

-bi

n A1

c(Fe

); su

bsta

nce

frac

tion

= ?

Hb(F

e; B

)—Ha

emog

lobi

n A1

c(Fe

); su

bst.f

r. =

?Ha

emo-

glob

inFe

; Bl

ood

Haem

oglo

bin

A1c

Fesu

bsta

nce

frac

tion

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

82Fr

ee T

3N

PU03

625

Plas

ma—

Triio

doth

yron

ine(

free

); su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

pm

ol/L

P—Tr

iiodo

thyr

onin

e(fr

ee);

subs

t.c. =

? p

mol

/LPl

asm

aTr

iiodo

thyr

o-ni

nefr

eesu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

pmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

83T3

NPU

0362

4Pl

asm

a—Tr

iiodo

thyr

onin

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? n

mol

/LP—

Triio

doth

yron

ine;

su

bst.c

. = ?

nm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Triio

doth

yro-

nine

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onnm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

84T4

NPU

0357

8Pl

asm

a—Th

yrox

ine;

su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

nm

ol/L

P—Th

yrox

ine;

su

bst.c

. = ?

nm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Thyr

oxin

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

nmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

85TP

O a

nti-

bodi

esN

PU20

041

Plas

ma—

Thyr

oid

pero

xida

se a

ntibo

dy;

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(IRP

66/3

87; p

roce

dure

) = ?

× 1

0³ IU

/L

P—Th

yroi

d pe

roxi

dase

an

tibod

y;

arb.

subs

t.c.(I

RP 6

6/38

7;

proc

.) =

? ×

10³ I

U/L

Plas

ma

Thyr

oid

pero

xida

se

antib

ody

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

IRP

66/3

87;

proc

edur

e×

10³ I

U/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

86Hb

in

Faec

esN

PU29

057

Faec

es—

Haem

oglo

bin;

ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

(pro

cedu

re) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

F—Ha

emog

lobi

n;

arb.

subs

t.c.(p

roc.

) = ?

(p

.d.u

.)

Faec

esHa

emog

lobi

nar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

87PS

AN

PU08

669

Plas

ma—

Pros

tata

spec

ific

antig

en;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LP—

Pros

tata

spec

ific

antig

en; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LPl

asm

aPr

osta

ta

spec

ific a

ntige

nm

ass c

once

n-tr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

88ac

tivat

ed

parti

al

thro

m-

bopl

astin

tim

e (A

PTT)

NPU

0168

2Pl

asm

a—Co

agul

ation

, su

rfac

e-in

duce

d;

time(

proc

edur

e) =

? s

P—Co

agul

ation

, sur

face

-in

duce

d; ti

me(

proc

.) =

? s

Plas

ma

Coag

ulati

on,

surf

ace-

indu

ced

time

proc

edur

es

Trom

bosis

and

Ha

emos

tasis

Ratio

89RD

W-C

VN

PU18

162

Eryt

hroc

ytes

(Blo

od)—

Eryt

hroc

yte

volu

mes

; rel

ative

dist

ributi

on

wid

th(p

roce

dure

) = ?

Ercs

(B)—

Eryt

hroc

yte v

olum

es;

rela

tive

dist

ributi

on

wid

th(p

roc.

) = ?

Eryt

hro-

cyte

sBl

ood

Eryt

hroc

yte

volu

mes

rela

tive

dist

ributi

on

wid

th

proc

edur

eCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

90N

PU14

267

Bloo

d—La

rge

unst

aine

d ce

lls;

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—La

rge

unst

aine

d ce

lls;

num

.c. =

? ×

10

9

/L

Bloo

dLa

rge

unst

aine

d ce

lls

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

91PT

HN

PU03

028

Plas

ma—

Para

thyr

in;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? p

mol

/LP—

Para

thyr

in;

subs

t.c. =

? p

mol

/LPl

asm

aPa

rath

yrin

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onpm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

92AS

ATN

PU19

654

Plas

ma—

Aspa

rtat

e tr

ansa

min

ase;

ca

taly

tic c

once

ntra

tion(

IFCC

200

2) =

?

U/L

P—As

part

ate

tran

sam

inas

e;

cat.c

.(IFC

C 20

02) =

? U

/L

Plas

ma

Aspa

rtat

e tr

ansa

min

ase

cata

lytic

co

ncen

trati

onIF

CC 2

002

U/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

93Ig

EN

PU56

406

Plas

ma—

Imm

unog

lobu

lin E

; ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(IS

11

/234

;pro

cedu

re) =

? ×

10³

IU/L

P—Im

mun

oglo

bulin

E;

arb.

subs

t.c.(I

S 11

/234

; pr

oc.)

= ?

× 10

³ IU

/L

Plas

ma

Imm

unog

lob-

ulin

Ear

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

IS 1

1/23

4;

proc

edur

e×

10³ I

U/L

Clin

ical

Al

lerg

olog

yRa

tio

94N

PU26

470

Plas

ma—

Tran

sfer

rin;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? g/

LP—

Tran

sfer

rin; m

ass c

. =

? g/

LPl

asm

aTr

ansf

errin

mas

s co

ncen

trati

ong/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

95N

PU21

533

Plas

ma(

Arte

rial b

lood

)—Gl

ucos

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP(

aB)—

Gluc

ose;

subs

t.c. =

?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Arte

rial

bloo

dGl

ucos

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

96N

PU18

410

Plas

ma—

Chol

este

rol+

este

r/Ch

oles

tero

l+es

ter,

in H

DL;

subs

tanc

e ra

tio =

?

P—Ch

oles

tero

l+es

ter/

Chol

este

rol+

este

r, in

HDL

; su

bst.r

atio

= ?

Plas

ma

Chol

este

rol +

es

ter /

Chol

este

rol +

es

ter,

in H

DL

subs

tanc

e ra

tioCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

97Ig

GN

PU19

814

Plas

ma—

Imm

unog

lobu

lin G

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

g/L

P—Im

mun

oglo

bulin

G;

mas

s c. =

? g

/LPl

asm

aIm

mun

oglo

b-ul

in G

mas

s co

ncen

trati

ong/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

98N

PU10

762

Bloo

d—At

ypic

al c

ells;

nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n =

? ×

109/

LB—

Atyp

ical

cel

ls; n

um.c

. =

? ×

10<s

up>9

</su

p>/L

Bloo

dAt

ypic

al c

ells

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

99Ig

AN

PU19

795

Plas

ma—

Imm

unog

lobu

lin A

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

g/L

P—Im

mun

oglo

bulin

A;

mas

s c. =

? g

/LPl

asm

aIm

mun

oglo

b-ul

in A

mas

s co

ncen

trati

ong/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

100

NPU

0360

7Pl

asm

a—Tr

ansf

errin

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

µm

ol/L

P—Tr

ansf

errin

; su

bst.c

. = ?

µm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Tran

sfer

rinsu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

101

TSH

NPU

2754

7Pl

asm

a—Th

yrot

ropi

n; a

rbitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(IR

P 81

/565

;pro

cedu

re) =

? ×

10-

3 IU

/L

P—Th

yrot

ropi

n;

arb.

subs

t.c.(I

RP 8

1/56

5;

proc

.) =

? ×

10<s

up>-

3

IU/L

Plas

ma

Thyr

otro

pin

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

IRP

81/5

65;

proc

edur

e×

10-3

IU/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

102

IgM

NPU

1982

5Pl

asm

a—Im

mun

oglo

bulin

M;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? g/

LP—

Imm

unog

lobu

lin M

; m

ass c

. = ?

g/L

Plas

ma

Imm

unog

lob-

ulin

Mm

ass

conc

entr

ation

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

103

HCO

3N

PU02

410

Plas

ma—

Hydr

ogen

car

bona

te;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

(pCO

2

= 5

.3 k

Pa; 3

7 °C

) =

? m

mol

/L

P—Hy

drog

en c

arbo

nate

; su

bst.c

.(pCO

2

= 5

.3 k

Pa; 3

7 °C

) = ?

m

mol

/L

Plas

ma

Hydr

ogen

ca

rbon

ate

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onpC

O<s

ub>2

</su

b> =

5.3

kPa

; 37

°C

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

104

NPU

0136

8Pl

asm

a—Bi

lirub

in g

lucu

roni

de;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? µ

mol

/LP—

Bilir

ubin

glu

curo

nide

; su

bst.c

. = ?

µm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Bilir

ubin

gl

ucur

onid

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

105

NPU

0935

6Pl

asm

a—U

rate

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

µm

ol/L

P—U

rate

; sub

st.c

. = ?

µm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Ura

tesu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

106

25-H

y-dr

oxy-

Vi

tam

in D

3

NPU

0143

5Pl

asm

a—Ca

lcife

diol

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

nm

ol/L

P—Ca

lcife

diol

; su

bst.c

. = ?

nm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Calc

ifedi

olsu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

nmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

107

O2

NPU

1016

7Pa

tient

—O

xyge

n(ad

min

ister

ed);

volu

me

rate

= ?

L/m

inPt

—O

xyge

n(ad

min

ister

ed);

vol.r

ate

= ?

L/m

inPa

tient

Oxy

gen

adm

inis-

tere

dvo

lum

e ra

teL/

min

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

108

Base

ex

cess

NPU

1251

8Pl

asm

a(Ar

teria

l blo

od)—

Base

exc

ess;

su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(act

ual-n

orm

) =

? m

mol

/L

P(aB

)—Ba

se e

xces

s;

subs

t.c.(a

ctua

l-nor

m) =

?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Arte

rial

bloo

dBa

se e

xces

ssu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

actu

al-n

orm

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryDi

f-fe

ren-

tial

109

A1AT

NPU

1969

2Pl

asm

a—al

pha

1-An

titry

psin

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

g/L

P—al

pha

1-An

titry

psin

; m

ass c

. = ?

g/L

Plas

ma

alph

a 1-

Antit

ryps

inm

ass

conc

entr

ation

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

110

D-Di

mer

NPU

2828

9Pl

asm

a—Fi

brin

D-d

imer

; ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(p

roce

dure

) = ?

(p.d

.u.)

P—Fi

brin

D-d

imer

; ar

b.su

bst.c

.(pro

c.) =

? (p

.d.u

.)Pl

asm

aFi

brin

D-d

imer

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Tr

ombo

sis a

nd

Haem

osta

sisRa

tio

111

NPU

0153

6Pl

asm

a—Ch

lorid

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Chlo

ride;

su

bst.c

. = ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Chlo

ride

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

112

TfR

NPU

2833

6Pl

asm

a—Tr

ansf

errin

rece

ptor

fr

agm

ent;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? m

g/L

P—Tr

ansf

errin

rece

ptor

fr

agm

ent;

m

ass c

. = ?

mg/

L

Plas

ma

Tran

sfer

-rin

rece

ptor

fr

agm

ent

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onm

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

113

ESR

NPU

0340

4Bl

ood—

Sedi

men

tatio

n re

actio

n;

leng

th(p

roce

dure

) = ?

mm

B—Se

dim

enta

tion

reac

tion;

le

ngth

(pro

c.) =

? m

mBl

ood

Sedi

men

tatio

n re

actio

nle

ngth

proc

edur

em

mCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

114

NPU

0194

3Bl

ood—

Eryt

hrob

last

s;

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—Er

ythr

obla

sts;

num

.c. =

?

× 10

9

/LBl

ood

Eryt

hrob

last

snu

mbe

r co

ncen

trati

on×

109/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

115

NPU

2329

6U

rine—

Bupr

enor

phin

e;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—Bu

pren

orph

ine;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Bupr

enor

-ph

ine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

116

TNI

NPU

2759

1Pl

asm

a—Tr

opon

in I,

car

diac

mus

cle;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

ng/L

P—Tr

opon

in I,

car

diac

m

uscl

e; m

ass c

. = ?

ng/

LPl

asm

aTr

opon

in I,

ca

rdia

c m

uscl

e

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onng

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

117

NPU

0180

8U

rine—

Crea

tinin

ium

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

µm

ol/L

U—

Crea

tinin

ium

; su

bst.c

. = ?

µm

ol/L

Urin

eCr

eatin

iniu

msu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

µmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

118

Anio

n ga

pN

PU20

189

Plas

ma—

Anio

n ga

p(ex

cl. K

+);

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Anio

n ga

p(ex

cl. K

+);

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aAn

ion

gap(

excl

. K+)

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Dif-

fere

n-tia

l

119

6-M

AMN

PU24

861

Urin

e—6-

O-M

onoa

cety

lmor

phin

e;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU—

6-O

-M

onoa

cety

lmor

phin

e;

mas

s c. =

? µ

g/L

Urin

e6-

O-

Mon

oace

tyl-

mor

phin

em

ass

conc

entr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Ph

arm

acol

ogy

Ratio

120

NPU

0397

6Bl

ood—

Mye

locy

tes;

nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n =

? ×

109/

LB—

Mye

locy

tes;

num

.c. =

?

× 10

9

/LBl

ood

Mye

locy

tes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

121

CK-M

BN

PU19

750

Plas

ma—

Crea

tine

kina

se M

B;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LP—

Crea

tine

kina

se M

B;

mas

s c. =

? µ

g/L

Plas

ma

Crea

tine

kina

se M

Bm

ass

conc

entr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

122

NPU

5768

8Pl

asm

a—Fo

od a

llerg

en a

ntibo

dy(Ig

E);

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

((f1;

f2

; f3;

f4; f

13; f

14);p

roce

dure

) = ?

(p.d

.u.)

P—Fo

od a

llerg

en

antib

ody(

IgE)

; arb

.su

bst.c

.((f1

; f2;

f3; f

4; f1

3;

f14)

; pro

c.) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

Plas

ma

Food

alle

rgen

an

tibod

yIg

Ear

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

(f1; f

2; f3

; f4

; f13

; f14

); pr

oced

ure

(p.d

.u.)

Clin

ical

Al

lerg

olog

yRa

tio

123

THC-

COO

HN

PU28

551

Urin

e—11

-Nor

-del

ta(9

)-tet

rahy

dro-

cann

abin

ol-9

-car

boxy

lic a

cid;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

11-N

or-d

elta

(9)-

tetr

ahyd

roca

nnab

inol

-9-

carb

oxyl

ic a

cid;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

L

Urin

e11

-N

or-d

elta

(9)-

tetr

ahyd

ro-

cann

abin

ol-

9-ca

rbox

ylic

ac

id

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

124

NPU

0397

8Bl

ood—

Met

amye

locy

tes;

nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n =

? ×

109/

LB—

Met

amye

locy

tes;

nu

m.c

. = ?

× 1

0<su

p>9<

/su

p>/L

Bloo

dM

etam

yelo

-cy

tes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

125

NPU

1978

8Pl

asm

a—Ha

ptog

lobi

n;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? g/

LP—

Hapt

oglo

bin;

m

ass c

. = ?

g/L

Plas

ma

Hapt

oglo

bin

mas

s co

ncen

trati

ong/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

126

NPU

2311

1U

rine—

Amfe

tam

ine;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

Amfe

tam

ine;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Amfe

tam

ine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

127

TNT

NPU

2750

1Pl

asm

a—Tr

opon

in T,

car

diac

mus

cle;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

ng/L

P—Tr

opon

in T,

ca

rdia

c m

uscl

e;

mas

s c. =

? n

g/L

Plas

ma

Trop

onin

T,

card

iac

mus

cle

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onng

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

128

NPU

2806

2U

rine—

Oxa

zepa

m; m

ass c

once

ntra

-tio

n =

? µg

/LU

—O

xaze

pam

; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Oxa

zepa

mm

ass

conc

entr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Ph

arm

acol

ogy

Ratio

129

Free

PSA

NPU

1253

4Pl

asm

a—Pr

osta

ta sp

ecifi

c an

tigen

(free

); m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

P—Pr

osta

ta sp

ecifi

c an

tigen

(free

);

mas

s c. =

? µ

g/L

Plas

ma

Pros

tata

sp

ecifi

c an

tigen

free

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

130

NPU

2806

1U

rine—

Nor

daze

pam

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

Nor

daze

pam

; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Nor

daze

pam

mas

s con

cen-

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

131

NPU

0397

2Bl

ood—

Blas

t cel

ls(un

spec

ified

); nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n(pr

oced

ure)

=

? ×

109/

L

B—Bl

ast c

ells(

unsp

ecifi

ed);

num

.c.(p

roc.

) = ?

×

10<s

up>9

</su

p>/L

Bloo

dBl

ast c

ells

unsp

ecifi

ednu

mbe

r co

ncen

trati

onpr

oced

ure

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

132

NPU

2805

6U

rine—

7-Am

inoc

lona

zepa

m;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—7-

Amin

oclo

naze

pam

; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

7-Am

inoc

lona

z-ep

amm

ass

conc

entr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Ph

arm

acol

ogy

Ratio

133

NPU

0397

4Bl

ood—

Prom

yelo

cyte

s;

num

ber c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

× 10

9/L

B—Pr

omye

locy

tes;

nu

m.c.

= ? ×

10

9</s

up>/

LBl

ood

Prom

yelo

-cy

tes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

134

NPU

0376

8Pl

asm

a—Zi

nc;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? µ

mol

/LP—

Zinc

; sub

st.c

. = ?

µm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Zinc

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onµm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

135

NPU

2805

4U

rine—

alph

a-Hy

drox

yalp

razo

lam

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—al

pha-

Hydr

oxya

lpra

zola

m;

mas

s c. =

? µ

g/L

Urin

eal

pha-

Hydr

oxya

lpra

-zo

lam

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

136

hCG+

beta

ch

ain

NPU

1957

9Pl

asm

a—Ch

orio

gona

dotr

opin

+bet

a-ch

ain;

arb

itrar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(IS 7

5/58

9;pr

oced

ure)

=

? IU

/L

P— Chor

iogo

nado

trop

in+b

eta-

chai

n; a

rb.s

ubst

.c.(I

S 75

/589

; pro

c.) =

? IU

/L

Plas

ma

Chor

iogo

-na

dotr

opin

+b

eta-

chai

n

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

IS 7

5/58

9;

proc

edur

eIU

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

137

NPU

2805

7U

rine—

7-Am

inon

itraz

epam

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

7-Am

inon

itraz

epam

; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

7-Am

inon

itraz

-ep

amm

ass

conc

entr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Ph

arm

acol

ogy

Ratio

138

NPU

1967

6U

rine—

Albu

min

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion(

proc

edur

e) =

? g

/LU

—Al

bum

in; m

ass c

.(pro

c.)

= ?

g/L

Urin

eAl

bum

inm

ass

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

eg/

LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

139

NPU

2477

6U

rine—

Met

amfe

tam

ine;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

Met

amfe

tam

ine;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Met

amfe

t-am

ine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

140

NPU

0327

8Pl

asm

a—Pr

otei

n;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? g/

LP—

Prot

ein;

mas

s c. =

? g

/LPl

asm

aPr

otei

nm

ass

conc

entr

ation

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

141

NPU

2805

5U

rine—

7-Am

inofl

unitr

azep

am;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—7-

Amin

oflun

itraz

epam

; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

7-Am

inofl

uni-

traz

epam

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

142

Anio

n ga

pN

PU18

415

Plas

ma—

Anio

n ga

p(in

cl. K

+);

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/LP—

Anio

n ga

p(in

cl. K

+);

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aAn

ion

gap(

incl

. K+)

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Dif-

fere

n-tia

l

143

NPU

5455

0U

rine—

Ephe

drin

e;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—Ep

hedr

ine;

mas

s c. =

?

µg/L

Urin

eEp

hedr

ine

mas

s con

cen-

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

144

NPU

0335

6Er

ythr

ocyt

es(B

lood

)—Re

ticul

ocyt

es;

num

ber f

racti

on =

? ×

10-

3 IU

/LEr

cs(B

)—Re

ticul

ocyt

es;

num

.fr. =

? ×

10

-3

Eryt

hro-

cyte

sBl

ood

Retic

uloc

ytes

num

ber

frac

tion

× 10

-3 IU

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

145

NPU

5458

7U

rine—

4-M

etho

xyam

phet

amin

e;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—4-

Met

hoxy

amph

et-

amin

e; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

4-M

etho

xyam

-ph

etam

ine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

146

FSH

NPU

0401

4Pl

asm

a—Fo

llitr

opin

; arb

itrar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(IRP

78/5

49;

proc

edur

e) =

? IU

/L

P—Fo

llitr

opin

; ar

b.su

bst.c

.(IRP

78/

549;

pr

oc.)

= ?

IU/L

Plas

ma

Folli

trop

inar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

IRP

78/5

49;

proc

edur

eIU

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

147

NPU

5474

9U

rine—

4-M

etho

xym

etha

mph

etam

ine;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

4-M

etho

xym

etha

m-

phet

amin

e;

mas

s c. =

? µ

g/L

Urin

e4-

Met

hoxy

-m

etha

mph

et-

amin

e

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

148

HCO

3N

PU14

266

Plas

ma(

Veno

us b

lood

)—Hy

drog

en

carb

onat

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(a

ctua

l;37

°C)

= ?

mm

ol/L

P(vB

)—Hy

drog

en

carb

onat

e;

subs

t.c.(a

ctua

l; 37

°C) =

? m

mol

/L

Plas

ma

Veno

us

bloo

dHy

drog

en

carb

onat

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

actu

al;

37 °C

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

149

NPU

2831

1U

rine—

Benz

oyle

cgon

ine;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

Benz

oyle

cgon

ine;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Benz

oyle

cgo-

nine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

150

NPU

2831

5Er

ythr

ocyt

es(B

lood

)—Ha

emog

lobi

n;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? g/

LEr

cs(B

)—Ha

emog

lobi

n;

mas

s c. =

? g

/LEr

ythr

o-cy

tes

Bloo

dHa

emog

lobi

nm

ass

conc

entr

ation

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

151

CCP

NPU

1994

7Pl

asm

a—Cy

clic

citr

ullin

ated

pep

tide

antib

ody(

IgG)

; arb

itrar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(pro

cedu

re) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

P—Cy

clic

citr

ullin

ated

pe

ptide

anti

body

(IgG)

; arb

.su

bst.c

.(pro

c.) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

Plas

ma

Cycl

ic c

itrul

li-na

ted

pepti

de

antib

ody

IgG

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

152

NPU

2481

9U

rine—

3,4-

Met

hyle

nedi

oxya

mfe

tam

ine;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

3,4-

Met

hyle

nedi

oxy-

amfe

tam

ine;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

L

Urin

e3,

4-M

ethy

lene

-di

oxya

mfe

t-am

ine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

153

NPU

0470

8Bl

ood—

Plas

moc

ytes

; nu

mbe

r con

cent

ratio

n =

? ×

109/

LB—

Plas

moc

ytes

; num

.c. =

?

× 10

9

/LBl

ood

Plas

moc

ytes

num

ber

conc

entr

ation

× 10

9/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

154

NPU

2482

1U

rine—

3,4-

Met

hyle

nedi

oxym

etam

feta

min

e;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/L

U—

3,4-

Met

hyle

ne-

diox

ymet

amfe

tam

ine;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

L

Urin

e3,

4-M

ethy

lene

-di

oxym

etam

-fe

tam

ine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

155

LHN

PU02

618

Plas

ma—

Lutr

opin

; ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(IS

80

/552

; pro

cedu

re) =

? IU

/L

P—Lu

trop

in; a

rb.s

ubst

.c.(I

S 80

/552

; pro

c.) =

? IU

/LPl

asm

aLu

trop

inar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

IS 8

0/55

2;

proc

edur

eIU

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

156

NPU

1976

8Pl

asm

a—Fi

brin

ogen

; mas

s con

cent

rati

on(c

oagu

latio

n;pr

oced

ure)

= ?

g/L

P—Fi

brin

ogen

; m

ass c

.(coa

g.; p

roc.

) = ?

g/L

Plas

ma

Fibr

inog

enm

ass

conc

entr

ation

coag

ulati

on;

proc

edur

eg/

LTr

ombo

sis a

nd

Haem

osta

sisRa

tio

157

NPU

5429

1U

rine—

Rita

linic

aci

d;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—Ri

talin

ic a

cid;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Rita

linic

aci

dm

ass

conc

entr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Ph

arm

acol

ogy

Ratio

158

C-pe

ptide

NPU

0414

9Pl

asm

a(fa

sting

Pati

ent)

—Pr

oins

ulin

C-

pepti

de;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? n

mol

/L

P(fP

t)—Pr

oins

ulin

C-p

eptid

e;

subs

t.c. =

? n

mol

/LPl

asm

afa

sting

Pa

tient

Proi

nsul

in

C-pe

ptide

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onnm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

159

Anti-

Tgas

eN

PU14

566

Plas

ma—

Tran

sglu

tam

inas

e an

tibod

y(Ig

A); a

rbitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(p

roce

dure

) = ?

(p.d

.u.)

P—Tr

ansg

luta

min

ase

antib

ody(

IgA)

; arb

.su

bst.c

.(pro

c.) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

Plas

ma

Tran

sglu

-ta

min

ase

antib

ody

IgA

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

160

NPU

2478

1U

rine—

Met

hado

ne;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—M

etha

done

; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Met

hado

nem

ass

conc

entr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Ph

arm

acol

ogy

Ratio

161

Calc

ium

io

nN

PU01

446

Plas

ma—

Calc

ium

ion(

free

); su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P—Ca

lciu

m io

n(fr

ee);

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aCa

lciu

m io

nfr

eesu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

162

NPU

2359

1U

rine—

Code

ine;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

Code

ine;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Code

ine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

163

NPU

0395

8U

rine—

Prot

ein;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

g/L

U—

Prot

ein;

m

ass c

. = ?

g/L

Urin

ePr

otei

nm

ass

conc

entr

ation

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

164

NPU

2388

1U

rine—

Ethy

lmor

phin

e;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—Et

hylm

orph

ine;

m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Ethy

lmor

-ph

ine

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

165

NPU

0369

5Pa

tient

—U

rine;

vol

ume(

proc

edur

e)

= ?

mL

Pt—

Urin

e; v

ol.(p

roc.

) =

? m

LPa

tient

Urin

evo

lum

epr

oced

ure

mL

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

166

NPU

2800

0U

rine—

Oxy

codo

ne;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—O

xyco

done

; mas

s c. =

?

µg/L

Urin

eO

xyco

done

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

167

Ret-H

bN

PU17

007

Retic

uloc

ytes

(Blo

od)—

Haem

oglo

bin(

Fe);

entiti

c am

ount

-of-s

ubst

ance

= ?

fmol

Rtcs

(B)—

Haem

oglo

bin(

Fe);

entiti

c am

.s. =

? fm

olRe

ticul

o-cy

tes

Bloo

dHa

emog

lobi

nFe

entiti

c am

ount

-of-

subs

tanc

e

fmol

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

168

NPU

2738

8U

rine—

Tram

adol

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

Tram

adol

; mas

s c. =

?

µg/L

Urin

eTr

amad

olm

ass

conc

entr

ation

µg/L

Clin

ical

Ph

arm

acol

ogy

Ratio

169

HCO

3N

PU02

409

Plas

ma(

Arte

rial b

lood

)—Hy

drog

en

carb

onat

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(a

ctua

l; 37

°C)

= ?

mm

ol/L

P(aB

)—Hy

drog

en c

arbo

n-at

e; su

bst.c

.(act

ual;

37 °C

) = ?

mm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Arte

rial

bloo

dHy

drog

en

carb

onat

esu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

actu

al; 3

7 °C

mm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

170

NPU

5312

0U

rine—

Fent

anyl

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

Fent

anyl

; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Fent

anyl

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

171

Ca12

5N

PU01

448

Plas

ma—

Canc

er a

ntige

n 12

5;

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(pro

cedu

re) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

P—Ca

ncer

anti

gen

125;

ar

b.su

bst.c

.(pro

c.) =

?

(p.d

.u.)

Plas

ma

Canc

er

antig

en 1

25ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

172

CKN

PU22

281

Plas

ma—

Crea

tine

kina

se; c

atal

ytic

conc

entr

ation

(IFCC

200

2) =

? µ

kat/

LP—

Crea

tine

kina

se;

cat.c

.(IFC

C 20

02) =

? µ

kat/

LPl

asm

aCr

eatin

e ki

nase

cata

lytic

co

ncen

trati

onIF

CC 2

002

µkat

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

173

ESR

NPU

1758

9Bl

ood—

Sedi

men

tatio

n re

actio

n;

arbi

trar

y le

ngth

(pro

cedu

re) =

?

(p.d

.u.)

B—Se

dim

enta

tion

reac

tion;

arb

itrar

y le

ngth

(pro

c.) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

Bloo

dSe

dim

enta

tion

reac

tion

arbi

trar

y le

ngth

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

174

NPU

2840

2Pl

asm

a—Co

nnec

tive

tissu

e di

seas

e re

late

d an

tibod

y; a

rbitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(p

roce

dure

) = ?

(p.d

.u.)

P—Co

nnec

tive

tissu

e di

seas

e re

late

d an

tibod

y;

arb.

subs

t.c.(p

roc.

) = ?

(p

.d.u

.)

Plas

ma

Conn

ectiv

e tis

sue

dise

ase

rela

ted

antib

ody

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Imm

unol

ogy

Ratio

175

NPU

5309

7U

rine—

Zopi

clon

e;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LU

—Zo

picl

one;

mas

s c. =

?

µg/L

Urin

eZo

picl

one

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

176

NPU

1824

7Pl

asm

a—Pr

olac

tin; a

rbitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(IS

84/

500;

pr

oced

ure)

= ?

× 1

0-3

IU/L

P—Pr

olac

tin; a

rb.

subs

t.c.(I

S 84

/500

; pro

c.) =

?

× 10

-3 IU

/L

Plas

ma

Prol

actin

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

IS 8

4/50

0;

proc

edur

e×

10-3

IU/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

177

NPU

2229

9Pl

asm

a—Ap

olip

opro

tein

B;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? g/

LP—

Apol

ipop

rote

in B

; m

ass c

. = ?

g/L

Plas

ma

Apol

ipop

ro-

tein

Bm

ass

conc

entr

ation

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

178

NPU

5309

3U

rine—

Zolp

idem

; m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

µg/L

U—

Zolp

idem

; m

ass c

. = ?

µg/

LU

rine

Zolp

idem

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Phar

mac

olog

yRa

tio

179

INR

NPU

0168

5Pl

asm

a—Co

agul

ation

, tiss

ue fa

ctor

-in

duce

d; re

lativ

e tim

e(ac

tual

/nor

m;

INR;

IRP

67/4

0;pr

oced

ure)

= ?

P—Co

agul

ation

, tiss

ue

fact

or-in

duce

d;

rel.ti

me(

actu

al/n

orm

; IN

R;

IRP

67/4

0; p

roc.

) = ?

Plas

ma

Coag

ulati

on,

tissu

e fa

ctor

-in

duce

d

rela

tive

time

actu

al/n

orm

; IN

R;IR

P 67

/40;

pr

oced

ure

Trom

bosis

and

Ha

emos

tasis

Ratio

180

NPU

0197

2Pl

asm

a—Es

trad

iol;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? n

mol

/LP—

Estr

adio

l; su

bst.c

. = ?

nm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Estr

adio

lsu

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

nmol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

181

NPU

0354

3Pl

asm

a—Te

stos

tero

ne;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? n

mol

/LP—

Test

oste

rone

; sub

st.c

. =

? nm

ol/L

Plas

ma

Test

oste

rone

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onnm

ol/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

182

NPU

1969

5Pl

asm

a—Ap

olip

opro

tein

A1;

m

ass c

once

ntra

tion

= ?

g/L

P—Ap

olip

opro

tein

A1;

m

ass c

. = ?

g/L

Plas

ma

Apol

ipop

rote

in

A1m

ass

conc

entr

ation

g/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

183

NPU

0416

6U

rine—

Acet

oace

tate

; su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

U—

Acet

oace

tate

; sub

st.c

. =

? m

mol

/LU

rine

Acet

oace

tate

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

184

pCO

2N

PU12

481

Plas

ma(

cord

Blo

od)—

Carb

on d

ioxi

de;

tens

ion(

37 °C

) = ?

kPa

P(cB

)—Ca

rbon

dio

xide

; te

nsio

n(37

°C) =

? k

PaPl

asm

aco

rd

Bloo

dCa

rbon

di

oxid

ete

nsio

n37

°CkP

aCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

185

NPU

0922

6Pr

osta

ta sp

ecifi

c an

tigen

(Pla

sma)

—Pr

osta

ta sp

ecifi

c an

tigen

(free

); m

ass f

racti

on =

?

Pros

tata

spec

ific

antig

en(P

)—Pr

osta

ta

spec

ific

antig

en(fr

ee);

mas

s fr.

= ?

Pros

tata

sp

ecifi

c an

tigen

Plas

ma

Pros

tata

sp

ecifi

c an

tigen

free

mas

s fra

ction

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

186

NPU

1304

1Pl

asm

a—Bi

rch

antib

ody(

IgE)

; ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(t

3;pr

oced

ure)

= ?

(p

.d.u

.)

P—Bi

rch

antib

ody(

IgE)

; ar

b.su

bst.c

.(t3;

pr

oc.)

= ?

(p.d

.u.)

Plas

ma

Birc

h an

tibod

yIg

Ear

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

t3; p

roce

dure

(p.d

.u.)

Clin

ical

Al

lerg

olog

yRa

tio

187

NPU

2731

5Pl

asm

a—In

hala

tion

antig

en

antib

ody(

IgE)

; arb

itrar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(IRP

75/5

02;(t

3; g

6;

w6;

e1;

e5;

d1;

e3;

m2;

d2;

t9; w

19);

proc

edur

e) =

? ×

10³

IU/L

P—In

hala

tion

antig

en

antib

ody(

IgE)

; ar

b.su

bst.c

.(IRP

75/

502;

(t

3; g

6; w

6; e

1; e

5; d

1; e

3;

m2;

d2;

t9; w

19);

proc

.) =

? ×

10³ I

U/L

Plas

ma

Inha

latio

n an

tigen

an

tibod

y

IgE

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

IRP

75/5

02;

(t3;

g6;

w6;

e1;

e5

; d1;

e3;

m2;

d2

; t9;

w19

); pr

oced

ure

× 10

³ IU

/LCl

inic

al

Alle

rgol

ogy

Ratio

188

NPU

0219

5Pl

asm

a(ve

nous

Blo

od;fa

sting

Pa-

tient

)—Gl

ucos

e;

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on =

? m

mol

/L

P(vB

; fPt

)—Gl

ucos

e;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

ave

nous

Bl

ood;

fasti

ng

Patie

nt

Gluc

ose

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

189

NPU

1309

8Pl

asm

a—Ti

mot

hy g

rass

anti

body

(IgE)

; ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(g

6;pr

oced

ure)

= ?

(p

.d.u

.)

P—Ti

mot

hy g

rass

an

tibod

y(Ig

E);

arb.

subs

t.c.(g

6;

proc

.) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

Plas

ma

Tim

othy

gra

ss

antib

ody

IgE

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

g6; p

roce

dure

(p.d

.u.)

Clin

ical

Al

lerg

olog

yRa

tio

190

NPU

1863

1U

rine—

Bact

eriu

m; a

rbitr

ary

num

ber(

proc

edur

e) =

? (p

.d.u

.)U

—Ba

cter

ium

; ar

b.nu

m.(p

roc.

) = ?

(p.d

.u.)

Urin

eBa

cter

ium

arbi

trar

y nu

mbe

rpr

oced

ure

(p.d

.u.)

Clin

ical

M

icro

biol

ogy

Ratio

191

NPU

2153

1Pl

asm

a(Ve

nous

blo

od)—

Gluc

ose;

su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

= ?

mm

ol/L

P(vB

)—Gl

ucos

e;

subs

t.c. =

? m

mol

/LPl

asm

aVe

nous

bl

ood

Gluc

ose

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

onm

mol

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

192

NPU

1313

5Pl

asm

a—M

ugw

ort a

ntibo

dy(Ig

E);

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(w6;

proc

edur

e) =

?

(p.d

.u.)

P—M

ugw

ort a

ntibo

dy(Ig

E);

arb.

subs

t.c.(w

6; p

roc.

) = ?

(p

.d.u

.)

Plas

ma

Mug

wor

t an

tibod

yIg

Ear

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

w6;

pro

cedu

re(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Alle

rgol

ogy

Ratio

193

NPU

5397

4Pl

asm

a—Am

ylas

e; c

atal

ytic

conc

entr

a-tio

n(37

°C; p

roce

dure

) = ?

U/L

P—Am

ylas

e; c

at.c

.(37

°C;

proc

.) =

? U

/LPl

asm

aAm

ylas

eca

taly

tic

conc

entr

ation

37 °C

; pr

oced

ure

U/L

Clin

ical

Bi

oche

mist

ryRa

tio

194

NPU

0414

6Pl

asm

a—Ch

oles

tero

l+es

ter,

in L

DL/

Chol

este

rol+

este

r, in

HDL

; su

bsta

nce

ratio

= ?

P—Ch

oles

tero

l+es

ter,

in L

DL/C

hole

ster

ol+e

ster

, in

HDL

; sub

st.ra

tio =

?

Plas

ma

Chol

este

rol

+est

er, i

n LD

L/Ch

oles

tero

l +e

ster

, in

HDL

subs

tanc

e ra

tioCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

195

TPO

NPU

1222

9Pl

asm

a—Th

yroi

d pe

roxi

dase

an

tibod

y; a

rbitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(p

roce

dure

) = ?

(p.d

.u.)

P—Th

yroi

d pe

roxi

dase

an

tibod

y;

arb.

subs

t.c.(p

roc.)

= ?

(p.d

.u.)

Plas

ma

Thyr

oid

pero

xida

se

antib

ody

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

196

52 k

Da R

o pr

otei

n an

tibod

y

NPU

1824

2Pl

asm

a—E3

ubi

quiti

n-pr

otei

n lig

ase

TRIM

21 a

ntibo

dy(Ig

G);

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(p

roce

dure

) = ?

(p.d

.u.)

P—E3

ubi

quiti

n-pr

otei

n lig

ase

TRIM

21

antib

ody(

IgG)

; ar

b.su

bst.c

.(pro

c.) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

Plas

ma

E3 u

biqu

itin-

prot

ein

ligas

e TR

IM21

an

tibod

y

IgG

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Imm

unol

ogy

Ratio

197

hCG

beta

ch

ain

NPU

0158

0Pl

asm

a—Ch

orio

gona

dotr

opin

be

ta-c

hain

; arb

itrar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

(IRP

75/5

51;

proc

edur

e) =

? IU

/L

P—Ch

orio

gona

dotr

opin

be

ta-c

hain

; ar

b.su

bst.c

.(IRP

75/

551;

pr

oc.)

= ?

IU/L

Plas

ma

Chor

iogo

-na

dotr

opin

be

ta-c

hain

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

IRP

75/5

51;

proc

edur

eIU

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

198

NPU

0415

3Le

ukoc

ytes

(Blo

od)—

Larg

e un

stai

ned

cells

; num

ber f

racti

on =

?

Lkcs

(B)—

Larg

e un

stai

ned

cells

; num

.fr. =

?Le

uko-

cyte

sBl

ood

Larg

e un

-st

aine

d ce

llsnu

mbe

r fr

actio

nCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

199

FSH

NPU

1886

9Pl

asm

a—Fo

llitr

opin

; ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on

(pro

cedu

re) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

P—Fo

llitr

opin

; ar

b.su

bst.c

.(pro

c.) =

? (p

.d.u

.)Pl

asm

aFo

llitr

opin

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

proc

edur

e(p

.d.u

.)Cl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

200

NPU

1322

7Pl

asm

a—Ca

t dan

der-e

pith

eliu

m

antib

ody(

IgE)

; ar

bitr

ary

subs

tanc

e co

ncen

trati

on(e

1;

proc

edur

e) =

? (p

.d.u

.)

P—Ca

t dan

der-e

pith

eliu

m

antib

ody(

IgE)

; ar

b.su

bst.c

.(e1;

pro

c.) =

?

(p.d

.u.)

Plas

ma

Cat d

ande

r-ep

ithel

ium

an

tibod

y

IgE

arbi

trar

y su

bsta

nce

conc

entr

ation

e1; p

roce

dure

(p.d

.u.)

Clin

ical

Al

lerg

olog

yRa

tio

201

CEA

NPU

1971

9Pl

asm

a—Ca

rcin

oem

bryo

nic

antig

en;

mas

s con

cent

ratio

n =

? µg

/LP—

Carc

inoe

mbr

yoni

c an

tigen

; mas

s c. =

? µ

g/L

Plas

ma

Carc

ino-

embr

yoni

c an

tigen

mas

s co

ncen

trati

onµg

/LCl

inic

al

Bioc

hem

istry

Ratio

Rank

(s

ee

com

-m

en-

tary

)

*Non

-au-

thor

ized

indi

ca-

tions

(t

rivia

l te

rms

and

abbr

evia

-tio

ns)

**N

PU

iden

tifier

Com

preh

ensi

ve, s

yste

mati

c N

PU

term

of l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

s

Abbr

evia

ted

NPU

te

rm o

f lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

ons

Syst

emSy

s-

spec

.Pr

efix

Com

pone

ntCo

mp-

spec

.Ki

nd-o

f-pr

oper

ty”

Proc

edur

eU

nit

Spec

ialit

ySc

ale

type

* ‘1

’ ind

icat

es th

e m

ost f

requ

ent l

abor

ator

y ex

amin

ation

per

from

ed b

y Da

nish

, Dut

ch, N

orw

egia

n an

d Sw

edish

labo

rato

ries

** T

he c

onte

nt o

f thi

s col

umn

has n

ot b

een

valid

ated

, and

may

sole

ly b

e a

help

for t

he re

ader

s to

find

the

exac

t lab

orat

ory

exam

inati

on. T

he tr

ivia

l ter

ms m

ay v

ary

betw

een

lang

uage

s and

cul

ture

s.j

recommendations on measurement units – why and how · ejifcc2019vol30no3pp250-275 page 251 young...

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