Real Time Location System Case Study: ZigBee

System-on-Chip Solution

TRANSILVANIA UNIVERSITY OF BRAŞOVFACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Study programme: Electrical Engineering and Computers

- DIPLOMA PROJECT -

PROJECT ADVISOR, GRADUATE, Prof. Dr. eng. MORARU Sorin Aurel GHEZA Mihai Alexandru

 2009

Contents

1. Objectives

2. Contributions

3. Proof of Concept

4. Real Time Location Systems (RTLS)

5. ZigBee Mesh Networking Protocol

6. Texas Instruments Hardware

7. Received Signal Strength (RSS) Method

8. Trilateration

9. Location Propagation Algorithm

10. Conclusions

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Objectives

1. Study RTLS options with wireless mesh networking, distance & positioning methods

2. Determine the possibilites using available market hardware

3. Investigate the accuracy of distance and positioning measurements

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Contributions

1. Studied ZigBee mesh networking, RSSI & trilateration algorithm

2. Created prototype of RTLS using Texas Instruments CC2420 DK

3. Demonstrated strong correlation between the RSS and distance

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Proof of Concept

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Real Time Location Systems

• Personnel Tracking (corporate environments)

• Logistics (alternative to barcodes)

• Hospitals (nearest medic)

• Industrial & Home Automation (remotes)

• Animal Tracking & Theft Prevention (cattle ranch)

• Robotics

• Military

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ZigBee Mesh Networking Protocol

• Self Healing Mesh Network (rerouting)

• Reliable (O-QPSK, DSSS, CSMA-CA, FCS)

• Cheap (X$, 2.4GHz)

• Low Power Consumption (shelf battery)

• Secure (AES)

• Open Global Standard (ZigBee Alliance)

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Texas Instruments Hardware

• True single-chip RF transceiver (2.4GHz IEEE

802.15.4 compliant)

• DSSS baseband modem (250 kbps data rate)

• Low current consumption (RX/TX ~ 18mA)

• Digital RSSI / LQI support

• Accesible Development Kit (~1500$)

• Evaluation Module, Board & PC connections

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Received Signal Strength Method

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Trilateration Algorithm

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Location Propagation Step 1

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Location Propagation Step 2

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Location Propagation Step 3

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Location Propagation Step 4

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Conclusions

• RTLS can be implemented using

• ZigBee Mesh Networking

• Cheap Hardware Components

• RSSI for Distance Estimation

• Trilateration for Positioning

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Finish

Thank you!

Questions?

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