SHANTILAL SHAH SHANTILAL SHAH GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGEENGINEERING COLLEGE

NAME : JITIN J PILLAINAME : JITIN J PILLAI

ROLL NO. : 3007ROLL NO. : 3007

ENROLLMENT NO. : 140430117019ENROLLMENT NO. : 140430117019

BRANCH : INSTRUMENTATION BRANCH : INSTRUMENTATION

& CONTROL& CONTROL

SEMESTER : 1 SEMESTER : 1

YEAR : 2014YEAR : 2014

Postal Address : New Sidsar Campus Post : Vartej, Sidsar, Bhavnagar-364060, Gujarat, IndiaContact : 0278-2445509,2445767 Fax : 0278-2445509Website: http://www.ssgec.ac.in/

Reading FluencyWhat is it?The ease or “naturalness” of reading is called Reading Fluency

Goal of Fluency Instruction is:“not fast reading… but fluent and meaning-filled reading.”

Key Elements of Oral Reading

• Fluency: (The flow of a reader’s delivery)• Rate: (The speed and pattern a reader follows)• Expression: (The use of tone, inflection, speed,

and fluency)• Self-Monitoring: (The management of strategies

for accuracy and appropriateness)

Increased Reading Fluency comes as a result of repeated readings.

So, we should motivate ourselves to reread familiar text.

Strategies to Build Fluency

• Read Alouds: Models Fluent Reading• Poetry Performances• Readers’ Theatre• Curriculum-Based Readers’ Theatre• Paired Reading, Choral Reading, Echo Reading

Read Alouds

• Models the connection between fluent reading and meaningful reading.• After reading aloud with expression, do some think

alouds with how you read and why?• Metacognition: Allows students to see that meaning is

not only carried in the words, but also in the way they are presented to the reader.

Read Alouds (Cont’d)

• More difficult text, expository or unfamiliar texts forces us to slow down our reading rate for understanding• Reading these more challenging materials to students

and discussing their understandings helps students to see that good readers adjust their reading rate.

Poetry Performances

• Rhyming poetry is ideal for reading fluency instruction.• Turns poetry into performances• Builds fluency when students work to get their oral

reading “just right”.• Causes students to do rereadings in a natural and

purposeful way

Poetry Performances Cont’d

• Here’s how it works.• A poetry party day is selected.• Students choose a poem to perform and practice continues

for a few days prior to the party.• On the party day, lights are dimmed, a lamp is lit on the

teacher’s desk, hot apple cider and popcorn is served and students take turns performing their poem.• Students use expressive and interpretive reading

Readers’ Theatre

• Natural and authentic way to promote repeated readings• No costumes, movement, props, or scenery to express

meaning, only the performers and their expressions• Reading rate as well as expression, and overall fluency

improves

Curriculum-Based Readers’ Theatre

• Use when fiction is not an integral part of the curriculum to be taught. Time is the issue.• Use the text or factual information as the basis for the script.• Younger students can contribute ideas as the teachers puts

together the script.• Older students can be given this job, one stipulation, it cannot

be boring. Give page, fact sheet, a story, set of instructions build the script

Paired, Echo, Choral Reading

• Parent reading as partners, First, the parent reads the short passage, poem to the child. Then the child and parent reread it a number of times. Finally, the child reads it to the parent.• Buddy reading: Pair a third grader with a second grader.

The third grader must practice the passage from the second grade reader before meeting with the younger student.

Assessing Fluency

• Read aloud for one minute and record miscues• Find wpm (words per minute).• Reread same text in a number of weeks to see if rate and

/ or accuracy improved.• Tape recording a read aloud will help to assess the

expression piece to oral reading.

THANK YOUTHANK YOU