7/28/2019 ramne_en

1/26

Asia Biomass Energy Researchers Invitation

Programme 2010

Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether (DME) from WoodyBiomass Syngas via One Step Synthesis Process over

Bi-functional Catalysts

Rafidah Jalil

Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia

Supporting by New Energy Foundation (NEF)

1

7/28/2019 ramne_en

2/26

Presentation Outlines

About FRIMResearch Project Theme

Research Activities

Biomass Resources Available in MalaysiaResearch Project Output

Future Prospect

Impact of ResearchAcknowledgement

2

7/28/2019 ramne_en

3/26

About FRIM

3

FRIM ~ one of the leading

institutions in tropical forestryresearch.

486-ha site in Kepong located

16 km northwest of Kuala

LumpurDirector-General: Dato' Dr.

Abdul Latif Mohmod.

FRIM promotes sustainable

management & optimal use offorest resources by generating

knowledge and technology

through research, development

& application

7/28/2019 ramne_en

4/26

About FRIM

4

Mission

To achieve excellence in scientific research, development & forestry

services.

Vision

To make FRIM a world-class tropical forest research institute.

Functions

Planning & implementing research for the development of the

forestry sector and conservation of forest resources Obtaining and disseminating research information to enhance

forest management and the use of forest products

Establishing joint research and joint forest development with other

bodies within and outside Malaysia.

7/28/2019 ramne_en

5/26

Current Research in FRIM

5

Bioenergy

Programme

Solid Fuel

Briquette

Pellet

Charcoal

Activated Carbon

Biodiesel

Bioethanol

Bio Oil

Liquid Fuel

Forestry &

Environment

Forest

Biotechnology

Forest

Biodiversity

Medicinal

Plants

5

http://www.frim.gov.my/index2.cfm?menu=services-testing&menu2=services-foresty1&menu3=services-forestry1-FD1http://www.frim.gov.my/index2.cfm?menu=services-testing&menu2=services-foresty1&menu3=services-biodiversity-FD1http://www.frim.gov.my/index2.cfm?menu=services-testing&menu2=services-foresty1&menu3=services-biodiversity-FD1http://www.frim.gov.my/index2.cfm?menu=services-testing&menu2=services-foresty1&menu3=services-forestry1-FD1http://www.frim.gov.my/index2.cfm?menu=services-testing&menu2=services-foresty1&menu3=services-forestproduct-FD1

7/28/2019 ramne_en

6/26

Research Project Theme

Sustainable Utilization and Production Technology of Biofuel

for Asian Countries

Host Agency

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology (AIST) Chugoku, Hiroshima, Japan

Host Researchers

Dr. Kinya SakanishiDirector of Biomass Technology Research Center

Dr. Tomohisa Miyazawa

Biomass Technology Research Center

6

7/28/2019 ramne_en

7/26

Research Activities

2009Syngas Production from Malaysia Oil Palm Trunk via

Gasification Process

2010

Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether (DME) from Woody

Biomass Syngas via One Step Synthesis Process over Bi-

functional Catalysts

7

7/28/2019 ramne_en

8/26

Introduction: Research Activity

8

7/28/2019 ramne_en

9/26

Products from Syngas

9

7/28/2019 ramne_en

10/26

Syngas Production Process

10

7/28/2019 ramne_en

11/26

Syngas Production Process

11

7/28/2019 ramne_en

12/26

DME Synthesis Process

Reaction Conditions

Pressure = 2 Mpa

Temperature = 230 - 300 0C

Gas Flow Rate = 50 - 100 ml/min

Catalyst weight = 3 - 5 gram

GHSV = 600 - 1200 ml/g.cat.hr

12

7/28/2019 ramne_en

13/26

Biomass Resources in Malaysia

13

7/28/2019 ramne_en

14/26

Types of Biomass in Malaysia

14

Municipal

Wastes

Sugarcane

Biomass

Rice Wood

Oil Palm

EFB

Fibre

Shell

POME

Forest

Sawmill

Husk

Straw

Bagasse

Molasses

MSW

Landfill Gas

Organic

Fertlizer

Fronds/

trunk

http://www.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://forestrycareers.org/images/photo_wood_paper_lg.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forestrycareers.org/sub_wood_paper_science.html&usg=__5fwjguB1DEhDW2T_ZUVAksGAh50=&h=280&w=280&sz=33&hl=en&start=2&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=BVvstYSMOaJVwM:&tbnh=114&tbnw=114&prev=/images?q=wood+sawmill&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://www.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://blog.nativefoods.com/.a/6a0112796f38d028a40133f1c6afa2970b-800wi&imgrefurl=http://blog.nativefoods.com/nativefoods/2010/06/sugarshock.html?cid=6a0112796f38d028a4013485036ddb970c&usg=__u0pHl64ynN-sdGAvLSY51Gk7eTU=&h=300&w=400&sz=37&hl=en&start=68&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=7O4GQqp8sVDwgM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=124&prev=/images?q=sugarcane&start=54&hl=en&sa=N&gbv=2&ndsp=18&tbs=isch:1

7/28/2019 ramne_en

15/26

Oil Palm Biomass supply Outlook in Peninsular

Malaysia (2007 -2020)

Year Felled trunk

(mill.tonnes/yr)

Prunned frond

(mill.tonnes/yr)

EFB

(mill. tonnes/yr)

2007-2010 3.23 6.89 2.82

2011-2013 4.28 6.80 2.83

2014-2016 3.58 7.05 2.91

2017-2020 2.97 7.14 2.81

15

Source: Biofuel Database in East Asia

7/28/2019 ramne_en

16/26

Oil Palm Trunk

Generated every >25 years cycle during

replanting

Cannot be used as timber as is.

Current utilization- plywood manufacture

which uses only 40%

60% wastes unutilized

16

Plywood

manufacture

waste

(60%)

7/28/2019 ramne_en

17/26

Research ProjectOutput

17

7/28/2019 ramne_en

18/26

Baseline Study 1: Syngas from Oil Palm Trunk

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.0060.00

70.00

80.00

90.00

100.00

Air O2-CO2 Steam-O2 Steam-O2-CO2 Steam-Air

H2/CORa

tio

ProducerGasCom

position(%)

Gasifying Agent

Syngas Ratio & Producer Gas Composition using Different Types ofGasifying Agent

N2 (%) CO (%) H2 (%) CO2 (%) CH4 (%) O2 (%) H2/CO Ratio

18

7/28/2019 ramne_en

19/26

Output

Oil palm trunk (OPT) ~ potential feedstock for syngas

production

Gasifying agent ~ air, steam, O2 and CO2

Syngas ratio ~ 1.33 (S/C = 1.00)

When using higher S/C, syngas ratio = 1.84 (H2 =

36.4%, CO = 19.7%) using steam with S/C = 3.20

Syngas ratio > 1 ~ Potential for DME production

DME used for fuel engine DME ~ lower content Nox emissions, less engine

noise and smoke production

19

7/28/2019 ramne_en

20/26

Baseline Study 2: DME Production

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

DMEYie

ld(Vol.%)

Reaction time (hr)

Comparison of DME Yield for Different Types of Catalyst at the

same Reaction Conditions

Commercial Catalyst Catalyst 1 Catalyst 2

Reaction pressure = 2 MPa

Reaction Temperature = 280 0C

Feed Gas Flow Rate = 50 ml/min

Catalyst weight = 3 gram

GHSV = 1000 ml/g.cat.hr

20

7/28/2019 ramne_en

21/26

7/28/2019 ramne_en

22/26

Future Prospect

FRIM(Malaysia)Biomass

Resources &Processing

AIST (Japan)TechnologyProvider

Collaboration

on DMEProductionfrom Oil

Palm Trunk

22

7/28/2019 ramne_en

23/26

23

Research Impact

7/28/2019 ramne_en

24/26

Individual

Exchange idea, experience and sharing knowledge with

international institution in development of biofueltechnology

24

Institution

Country

Development of new research and technology related tosyngas and its product production process

Adopting new technology to utilized biomass materials

waste into value added products for green energy

technology

7/28/2019 ramne_en

25/26

25

Acknowledgement

I would like to take this opportunity to thanks to

New Energy Foundation (NEF)

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and

Technology (AIST) Chugoku, Hiroshima, Japan.

Dr. Kinya Sakanishi and Dr. Tomohisa Miyazawa for being my

host researcher

Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM)

All peoples involved in this research project

7/28/2019 ramne_en

26/26

26